Rice, Condoleezza, 146
Riefenstahl, Leni, Triumph of the Will, 396
Robespierre, Maximilien, 317, 318–19, 323, 324–5, 329, 387; speech to National Convention (5 February 1794), 319–23, 324, 325–9, 330
Robinson, Peter, 142–3
Rome, ancient, 3, 4, 18, 20–8, 123, 267, 325, 355, 405; USA and Roman Republic, 18, 28, 30, 40, 63–4, 80–1, 155–6, 177–8; see also Cicero, Marcus Tullius
Romilly, Sir Samuel, 245
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 6, 8, 69–70, 377, 378, 396
Roosevelt, Theodore, 45, 69
Rorty, Richard, Contingency, Irony and Solidarity, 83
Rossini, Gioachino, 347
Roth, Philip, The Plot Against America, 307–8
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 323, 325
Royal Society, 173, 174
Runciman, David, The Confidence Trap, 71
Rushdie, Salman, Shame, 166
Rusk, Dean, 53
Russett, Bruce, 154
Russia, 73, 74–5, 81, 119, 257, 395
Rwanda, 374–5
Sakharov, Andrei, 204
Sartre, Jean-Paul, 313–16, 317
Schlesinger, Arthur J., 47
Schlesinger, Robert, White House Ghosts, 7
Second World War, 124–35, 153, 314–15, 333–4; Churchill’s speeches, 87, 88, 105–6, 124–9, 130–5, 158, 159, 164
Sen, Amartya, Development and Freedom, 391
Seneca, 5, 6
Seth, Vikram, 391
Shaftesbury, Earl, 231–2
Shakespeare, William, 25, 87, 90, 132, 149, 392–3
Sharp, Dr Leonel, 168
Sharpeville massacre (1960), 191, 194, 195
Shelley, Percy Bysshe, The Masque of Anarchy, 297–8
Shultz, George, 143, 146
Siegel, Ralph Maria, 139
Singh, Dr Manmohan, 390
Sisulu, Walter, 191
slavery: in British Empire, 232, 234, 235–45; in USA, 30, 32, 34–5, 39, 40, 66, 299
Socrates, 5–6, 193
Sombart, Werner, 306
Sophists, 5–6
Sorensen, Ted, 7, 48, 51, 52, 53, 55, 156
soundbites, 180
South Africa, 74, 165, 190–1, 192; apartheid, 191–200; Rugby World Cup in (2005), 200–1
Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 267
Soviet Union, 46–7, 53, 82, 136, 137, 138, 345; collapse of (1991), 146, 345, 356, 379; Cuban reliance on, 345, 349, 352, 356; Gorbachev’s reforms, 143; and Hungarian uprising (1956), 383; invasion of Czechoslovakia (1968), 361; Khrushchev thaw, 382–3; La Pasionaria’s exile in, 256, 258, 265; and Spanish Civil War, 260, 261; Stalinism, 141, 259–60, 265, 360, 382–3, 384, 392, 395; Western apologists for, 392
Spanish Armada, 165, 168–72
Spanish Civil War, 231, 257–9, 260–3, 264–5, 266
Spanish Communist Party, 257, 265–6
speechwriters, 6, 7, 8, 41, 52–3, 144–5, 175, 214–15, 229–30, 237
Spenser, Edmund, The Faerie Queen, 169
St Peter’s Field, Manchester, 294–8, 299, 302–3, 307, 309–10
Stalin, Joseph, 384, 395
Steinbeck, John, 51
Steiner, George, 335–6
Stoics, 78
Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 41, 246
Strother, French, 6
Summers, Larry, 72
Suu Kyi, Aung San, 165, 202–4, 209, 211–12, 247; essay to European Parliament, Strasbourg (1991), 204, 205–10; Shwedagon Pagoda speech (1988), 205, 211; ‘standing’ in Burma, 204, 205, 210, 212
Syrian crisis, 73, 75, 150, 153, 158
Syriza in Greece, 76, 79
Tacitus, 6
Tambo, Oliver, 191, 192
Taylor, A. J. P., 100
Taylor, John Edward, 297
television, 9, 48–9, 55, 56, 180, 268, 284, 359, 369, 391
Tennyson, Alfred, 131–2
terrorism, 73–4; 9/11 attacks, 98, 158
Thatcher, Margaret, 7, 220–4, 255, 281
Thucydides, 89, 90, 94, 96
The Times, 9–10
Tiro (Cicero’s secretary), 21
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 71, 96
Truman, Harry S., 49
Trump, Donald, 37, 62, 70–1, 72, 76, 77–81, 397
Tsiprias, Alexis, 79
Turkey, 74, 79, 81
Twain, Mark, 11
Ukraine, crisis in, 73
United Nations, 73, 151, 164
United States of America: 1800 election campaign, 32; 1960 election, 46, 48–9; 2016 election campaign, 70–1; absence from International Criminal Court, 149; Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba (1961), 47, 51, 345; Civil Rights Act (1964), 46, 268; civil rights movement, 70, 267–79; Civil War, 88, 299; Constitution, 28, 29–30, 40, 59, 63, 80–1, 165, 174–80; debate over role/size of government, 29–30, 32–4, 54, 65; Declaration of Independence, 29, 36; declining confidence in democracy, 75; founding fathers, 6, 29, 32, 165, 177–8, 355, 378; Holocaust Memorial Council, 371; Invasion of Grenada (1983), 137; Iran-Contra affair, 137; left wing anti-Americanism, 73, 316, 345–6, 349; meritocratic idea of itself, 61–2, 66; Monroe Doctrine (1923), 122; Populist movement (1890s), 76; second-order Gettysburg Addresses, 68–71; ‘the paranoid style of politics’ in, 77–81; Voting Rights Act (1965), 268; Elie Wiesel on, 377, 378–9; see also entries for individual speechmakers
utopia, 185, 213, 306–7, 308, 313, 316, 369, 381, 393, 398; and democracy, 17, 18–19, 82–3, 295, 407–8; as desire for progress, 18–19; Guevara’s el hombre nuevo, 349; history as having a ‘destination’, 314–15, 317, 323, 388; history as obeying laws, 383, 385; and Mao, 387; moment of arrival, 263; and populism, 71–2, 76–80, 82–3, 84, 306; and Robespierre, 318, 319–25
Verres, Gaius, 20–1
Versailles Treaty (1919), 119, 150, 217, 332, 338
Vidal, Gore, 47
Vietnam, 47, 51
Virgil, 79
Voltaire, 82
Wales, 100, 102, 103, 110
Walker, Wyatt, 275
Walzer, Michael, Just and Unjust Wars, 159
warfare, 87–8; and Blair’s oratory, 148–9; changed nature of, 154; consequences of inaction, 158; democracies against autocracies, 148; democracy and peace, 153–8; funeral oration ritual in ancient Greece, 90–9; and Lloyd George, 101–11, 124–5, 148, 157; purpose of in democracies, 88, 110, 158–9; ‘the just war’, 149–53, 158–9; verdict on the wars justified by great speeches, 158; see also First World War; Second World War
Washington DC, 31, 38, 48, 371, 405; March on Washington (August 1963), 232, 267, 268, 271, 273–4
Washington, George, 6, 29, 31, 174, 179, 328
Webb, Beatrice, 392
Webb, Sidney, 392
Weber, Max, 72
Wedgwood, Josiah, 240
Welliver, Judson, 6
Wells, H.G., When the Sleeper Wakes, 78
Wiesel, Elie, 317, 370–1, 372, 397–8, 409; on indifference, 373–6, 377–9; Night, 370–1, 376, 381; speech at White House (April 1999), 12, 371–81
Wilberforce, William, 232, 234–6, 245; speech to House of Commons (12 May 1789), 232, 235–45
Wilders, Geert, 74, 80
Williams, Thomas, 235
Wills, Judge David, 42
Wilson, Harold, 7, 220
Wilson, James, 309
Wilson, Sir Horace, 340
Wilson, Woodrow, 51, 69, 112–13, 153, 247, 310, 404; Fourteen Points, 112, 119; speech to Congress (April 1917), 88, 113–19, 120–2, 159; Man Will See the Truth, 159
Winthrop, John, 139, 405–6, 407
Wodehouse, P.G., 308
Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU), 247–54, 305–6
World Bank, 73
Wroe, James, 297
Wycliffe, John, 44
Yeats, William Butler, 12
Yettaw, John, 203
Young, Michael, The Rise of the Meritocracy (1958), 309
Zamyatin, Yevgeny, We, 80, 403–4
Zappa, Frank, 369
Zhou Enlai, 382
PHILIP COLLINS is a columnist for The Times and an Associate Editor of Prospect magazine. He was Chief Speech Writer to Prime Minister Tony Blair and has subsequently written keynote speeches for a range of senior politicians, leaders of charities and NGOs, and Chief Executive Officers. The author of The Art of Speeches and Presentations, Collins pioneered the analysis of major speeches in The Times.
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