11. “Home Grown Terror? FBI: Plots Foiled in Two States,” ABC News, September 25, 2009.
12. “Criminal Complaint,” United States v. Hosam Maher Husein Smadi, September 24, 2009, http://theterrorfactory.com/documents/smadi_complaint.pdf.
13. “Indictment,” United States v. Farooque Ahmed, October 26, 2010, http://theterrorfactory.com/documents/ahmed_indictment.pdf.
14. “Taborn on Arrest of Farooque Ahmed,” video clip, YouTube, October 27, 2010, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JmyJO5Pue4I.
15. Justin Elliott, “Fact-Check: How the NYPD Overstated Its Counterterrorism Record,” ProPublica, July 10, 2012.
16. Jerry Markon, “Post-9/11 Probe Revived Stolen-Cereal Incident,” Washington Post, June 15, 2005.
9. ONE MAN’S TERRORIST, ANOTHER MAN’S FOOL
1. Richard Lord, “Accused Local Taliban Sympathizer Detained Without Bond Until Trial,” Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, March 16, 2012.
2. Dane Schiller, “Accused Terrorist Secretly Recorded Talking Jihad,” Houston Chronicle, November 9, 2011.
3. U.S. Department of Homeland Security, “Rightwing Extremism: Current Economic and Political Climate Fueling Resurgence in Radicalization and Recruitment,” April 7, 2009, http://theterrorfactory.com/documents/rightwing.pdf
4. FoxNews.com, “Chorus of Protest Grows Over Report Warning of Right Wing Radicalization”, April 15, 2009, http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/04/15/chorus-protest-grows-report-warning-right-wing-radicalization/
5. “RAW VIDEO: West Memphis Shooting,” video clip, YouTube, June 30, 2010, http://youtu.be/acLpCbbZ1fk.
6. J.J. MacNab, “‘Sovereign’ Citizen Kane,” Intelligence Report, Fall 2010.
7. Author interview with Bob Paudert, 2012.
8. Kristina Goetz, “No Hints at Violence in Sovereign Citizen Jerry Kane’s File,” Commercial Appeal, May 20, 12.
9. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, “Sovereign Citizens: A Growing Domestic Threat to Law Enforcement,” September 2011, http://www.fbi.gov/stats-services/publications/law-enforcement-bulletin/september-2011/sovereign-citizens
10. Bob Willis, “U.S. Recession Worst Since Great Depression, Revised Data Show,” Bloomberg, August 1, 2009.
11. Adam H. Beasley, “Florida: A Ponzi Schemer’s Paradise,” Miami Herald, July 7, 2012.
12. David K. Shipler, “Terrorist Plots, Hatched by the F.B.I.,” New York Times, April 28, 2012.
13. Rick Lyman and Nick Madigan, “Officials Puzzled About Motive of Airport Gunman Who Killed 2,” New York Times, July 6, 2002; William K. Rashbaum, “Terror Suspect Is Charged with Preparing Explosives,” New York Times, September 25, 2009; William K. Rashbaum, Mark Mazzetti, and Peter Baker, “Owner of S.U.V. Arrested in Times Sq. Bomb Case,” New York Times, May 4, 2010.
14. Paul Finkelman, “John Brown: America’s First Terrorist?” Prologue Magazine, Spring 2011.
ABC, 37, 70, 211–13
INDEX
See also media coverage of terrorism
Abdel-Rahman, Omar, 31
Abdul-Latif, Abu Khalid, 175–79, 193
Abdullahu, Agron, 165–68
See also Fort Dix Five
Abraham, Patrick, 68, 83
See also Liberty City Seven
Abuali, Hussein, 216
Abuali, Nasser, 216
Abu Ghraib, 31
ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union), 49, 54, 105, 107, 110, 131, 207
See also civil rights
Acosta, Alex, 72–73
Afghanistan, 21, 25, 26, 27, 43, 105-106, 133, 161, 202, 210, 222
Ahearn, Peter, 27–28, 45, 198, 233
Ahmed, Farooque, 213
Ahmed, Rabi, 216
Akili, Khalifah Al-, 219–24
Aksoy, Hakki Cemal, 60, 64
Al-Akili, Kalifah, 219–24
Alanssi, Mohamed, 158–63
al-Awlaki, Anwar, 25–26, 185
al-Aziz, Farouk. See Monteilh, Craig
Albany, New York, terror plot.
See Hossain, Mohammed.
Albany Times Union, 131
See also media coverage of terrorism
Almighty Black P. Stone Nation, 77–78, 84;
al-Moayad, Mohammed Ali Hassan, 159, 162, 163
Al Qaeda:
FBI agents and informants posing as operatives of, 10–11, 62, 72–73, 80–83, 85, 160–61, 173, 174, 213, 225;
FBI early awareness of, 35–39, 52 (see also O’Neill, John);
FBI perception of, 53;
focus of CIA Counterterrorism Center, 47;
operations and influence since September 11, 2001, 25–27, 42–43, 226;
presence in the United States, 193, 207;
referenced in George W. Bush’s 2003 State of the Union address, 202;
responsible for fewer terrorism plots than the FBI, 23–24;
role in September 11, 2001, attack, 24–25;
salafism in, 182;
See also Inspire magazine; Khan, Samir; Lackawanna Six; Mandhai, Imran; Mehanna, Tarek; Moayad, Mohammed Ali Hassan al-; Padilla, José; Shukrijumah, Adnan El; Yazid, Mustafa Abu al-; Zazi, Najibullah
al-Saidi, Abbas, 73, 75–80, 84, 87
See also Liberty City Seven
Al-Shabaab, 24
al-Yazid, Mustafa Abu, 97
al-Zawahiri, Ayman 193
American Civil Liberties
Union, 49, 54, 105, 107, 110, 131, 207
See also civil rights
Andreu, Patricia, 67-68
See also media coverage of terrorism
An-Nur Islamic Center, 219
Ansar al Islam, 131
anti-Semitism, 11, 83, 138–40, 142, 146–49, 170, 197
See also Cromitie, James; Ku Klux Klan; Newburgh Four; Shareef, Derrick;
white supremacist movement
Arango, Jacqueline, 86
Arar, Maher, 137
Aref, Yassin, 120–21, 125–32
Arkansas domestic terror attack, 228–32
See also extremism and extremists; Kane, Jerry R.; sovereign citizen movement; terrorism, domestic
Assaad, Elie, 60–64, 67, 73, 79–84, 87-88, 95, 180
Atheea, Master G.J.G., 84–85
Atta, Mohamed, 58
Augustin, Burson, 68, 83, 88 See also Liberty City Seven
Augustine, Rothschild, 68, 83 See also Liberty City Seven
Awlaki, Anwar al-, 25–26, 185
Ayloush, Hussam 112, 113
See also CAIR
Aziz, Farouk al-. See Monteilh, Craig
Bakalli, Besnik, 164–68
See also Fort Dix Five
Baltimore, Maryland, terror plot. See Martinez, Antonio.
Bangladesh, 115–116, 130–31
Barry University, 94
Batiste, Narcisse, 74
See also Liberty City Seven
Batiste, Narseal, 68, 73–75, 77–86, 235
See also Liberty City Seven
Bay, Sultan Khan. See Charles James Stewart
bayat, 81–83, 85
Begin, Menachem, 236
Bergman, Lowell, 13–15
Berky, Rad, 70
See also media coverage of terrorism
Bhutto, Benazir, 118, 136
Bieshelt, Joseph, 223
bin Laden, Osama:
Americans’ perception of, 135;
adherent of salafism 182;
inspiration for terror plots, 10, 167, 178, 202, 212;
FBI agents and informants claiming to have ties to 62, 79–83;
FBI early awareness of, 36–37;
forced into hiding, 25;
responsible for fewer terrorism plots than the FBI, 23–24;
See also Al Qaeda; Lackawanna Six; Niazi, Amadullah Sais
Blind Sheikh, The, 31
Board of Immigration Appeals, 98
See also immigration
“Bojinka” bomb plot, 36
Boston Globe, The, 110, 129
Brandenburg v. Ohio, 110
Briccetti, Vincent L., 190–91
Brooklyn, New York, terror plot. See Shah, Tarik
Broward Community College, 59, 63
Brown, John, 235–36
Buffalo, New York, terror plot.
See Lackawanna Six
Bulger, Whitey, 155
See also informants: criminality of; organized crime
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, 47
Bush, George W., 33, 39, 47, 68–69, 91, 96, 128, 156, 162, 191, 194, 202–203
See also war on terror
CAIR (Council on American-Islamic Relations), 54, 97–98, 106, 112–113, 205
Capitol Building terror plot. See Ferdaus, Rezwan
Capraro, Anthony, 66
Carley, Barbara A., 72
CBS, 68, 188
See also media coverage of terrorism
Chicago, Illinois, terror plot. See Liberty City Seven
Choudhury, Nusrat, 105
See also ACLU; civil rights
CIA, 16, 39, 46-49, 58, 68, 128, 185
Circuit City. See Fort Dix Five
citizenship. See immigration
civil rights 48–55, 57, 101–103, 110, 112, 205, 225–226
See also ACLU; CAIR; Muslim Advocates
CNN, 191
See also media coverage of terrorism
Cointelpro, 16, 45
Cole, David D., 198
Coll, Timothy, 120, 126, 132
Confidential Informant Accountability Act, 157
Conrad, Miriam, 175
Cornell University, 101
Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR), 53, 97–98, 106, 112–113, 205
counterterrorism. See FBI;
surveillance; war on terror
Cromitie, James, 138–52, 190–91, 197, 202, 222, 235, 236
See also Newburgh Four
Cummings, Arthur, 40-44, 51, 226–27
Daily Show, The, 204
Dallas, Texas, terror plot, 211–13
D’Amuro, Pat, 39–41
Davis, Anthony. See Abdul-Latif, Abu Khalid
Dawadi. See Eldawoody, Osama
DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration), 28, 29, 47, 106
Decatur, Illinois, terror plot. See Finton, Michael
Delta, 45-46
See also FBI: data tracking
Demarest, Joseph, 150
Department of Homeland Security 41, 227–28
Department of Justice:
evaluation of immigration judges, 96;
function and mission, 23, 157, 206;
manipulation of terror-related information, 71–72, 203, 206–207, 213–17, 226;
position on FBI practice of trash covers, 102;
public relations, 71–72, 203, 213–214;
terrorism prosecutions 11–12, 14, 16–17, 24, 30, 33, 85–86, 88, 215–16, 234–35;
use of informants, 154;
use of terrorism experts, 128–29;
See also exaggeration of terrorism threat by the U.S. government; FBI; war on terror
deportation, 93–101, 103, 120, 164
See also FBI: informant recruitment methods; ICE; immigration
DiLauro, Michael A., 66
Dimitri, William A., 66
DIOG (Domestic Investigations and Operations Guide), 41–42, 51, 101
See also FBI: policy
Dirty Bomber, The, 91–92, 95, 128
disruption (FBI counterterrorism policy), 26
See also FBI: policy
Domain Management, 48–55
See also FBI: data tracking
Domestic Investigations and Operations Guide, 41–42, 51, 101 See also FBI: policy
Domingue, Frederick, Jr. See Walli Mujahidh
Drug Enforcement Administration, 28, 29, 47, 106
drug stings compared to terror stings, 28-29, 57–58, 206–207
Dube, James, 66
Duka, Dritan, 164–68, 235
See also Fort Dix Five
Duka, Eljvir, 164–68
See also Fort Dix Five
Duka, Shain, 164–68
See also Fort Dix Five
Egypt, 30, 31, 95, 97, 108, 164–65, 216
Egyptian Islamic Jihad, 97
El Al Airlines, 30, 234–35
Eldawoody, Osama, 31–32
Elgindy, Amr I., 216
Elshafay, James, 31–32
Emerson, Steven, 129
See also terrorism experts
entrapment, 22–23, 150, 162, 179, 181, 196–98, 205–206, 223, 225–26
Espionage Act, 33
Evans, Bill, 228–30
exaggeration of terrorism threat by the U.S. government, 16–17, 33, 72–73, 145–46, 201–217, 224–25, 234–36
See also entrapment; FBI: criticism of; media coverage of terrorism; press conferences and press releases
extraordinary rendition, 137
See also deportation; ICE; immigration
extremism and extremists, 227–32
See also Islam: extremism and extremists; Kane, Jerry R.; Ku Klux Klan; sovereign citizen movement; terrorism: domestic; white supremacist movement
Facebook, 20, 25, 102, 214
Farahi, Foad, 91–100, 111, 137
Farhane, Abdulrahman, 159–60
FBI:
accountability, 157–58, 179–80; 195–96, 214–216, 224–25;
attitude toward Islam, 53;
budget and finances, 16–17, 44, 201–202, 234;
coercion of informants, 91–114;
community outreach programs, 49–50;
criticized by current and former agents, lawyers, and government officials, 32-33, 49, 68–69, 112–13, 157, 195–96, 205, 207–211, 231–32;
culture of, 207–211;
data tracking, 11, 44–55 See also Delta; Domain Management;
exaggeration of terrorism threat (see exaggeration of terrorism threat by the U.S. government; see also entrapment; media coverage of terrorism; press conferences and press releases);
failure to record conversations in stings, 139, 148, 181–99;
history, 16, 27, 28, 35–47, 50–51, 57, 232–33;
informant recruitment methods, 50, 54, 91–114, 120–21 (see also deportation; immigration; no-fly list; trash covers);
lawsuits against, 54, 105, 107 (see also ACLU, CAIR);
management of informants, 45-46, 61–62, 77, 114, 126, 137, 151–52, 156;
policy, 30, 37–38, 42–44, 54–55, 97, 100–101, 152, 198, 205–206 (see also DIOG, trash covers);
selection of sting targets, 158;
structure, 39–41, 47;
surveillance of Muslim communities, 16–17, 26–27, 42–44, 48–55, 91–114, 137–38, 159, 193–94, 209–211, 217, 225–27, 232 (see also Muslim communities in the United States; surveillance);
use of technology, 46, 195, 213 (see also FBI: data tracking)
FBI Academy, 51-52
FBI National Academy Associates, 51-52
Ferdaus, Rezwan, 174–75, 180
Finton, Michael, 171–74, 180, 235
First Amendment. See ACLU; CAIR; civil rights
Fitzpatrick, William, 167–68
Florida International University, 94
Fort Dix Five, 163–68, 171, 197, 216, 235
Fort Hood, Texas, 26
Fort, Jeff, 77–79, 84
Fountain Place terror plot, 211–13
Fox News, 227
See also media coverage of terrorism
Freeh, Louis, 36, 46
Frontline, 213–14
See also media coverage of terrorism
Fuller, Myron, 209–211
Fuller, Robert, 137-139, 142, 145, 148–49, 162
funding of counterterrorism. See FBI: budget and finances
Gaddafi, Muammar, 33, 78
George Washington University, 128
Georgetown University, 198
German, Michael, 207–208
Gilbert, Howard, 58–67, 73, 87-88, 89, 95
Gonzales, Alberto, 72, 204
Good Morning Amer
ica, 211–13
See also media coverage of terrorism
Grand Central Station terror plot. See Zazi, Najibullah
Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, 12, 41, 161, 215
Hadayet, Hesham Mohamed, 30, 234–35
Hamas, 24, 81, 216
Harpers Ferry, 235–36
Harrington, Thomas J., 41
Harry’s Game, 236
Hassan, Nidal, 26
Hastbacka, Mark, 67, 77
hawaladars, 158–59
Hayat, Umer, 194–95
Hayat, Hamid, 194–95, 235
Herald Square terror plot. See Siraj, Shahawar Matin
Herrera, Naudimar, 68, 83, 86
See also Liberty City Seven
Hogan’s Alley, 51
Holder, Eric, 12, 13, 34, 105, 205–206, 215–16
Holliday, Carey, 95–96
Hoover, J. Edgar, 16, 26, 28, 57, 196
See also FBI: history
Hossain, Mohammed, 115–135, 216, 222, 235
House of Knowledge bookstore, 158–60
Houston, Texas, terrorism prosecution, 225
Hussain, Haris, 153–54
Hussain, Muhammad. See Martinez, Anthony
Hussain, Shahed, 115–54, 161–62, 163, 190–191, 219–224
biography of, 118–20;
Department of Motor Vehicles scam, 119–20, 137;
dishonest bankruptcy filing, 136;
involvement in Khalifah Al-Akili sting, 219–24
involvement in Mohammed Hossain sting, 115–27, 132–34;
involvement in Newburgh Four sting, 137–49, 190–91;
purchase and ownership of Crest Inn Suites and Cottages, 136–37, 153–54
hype. See exaggeration of terrorism threat by the U.S. government; media coverage of terrorism; press conferences and press releases
ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement), 95–96, 100
Immigrants’ List, 98
immigration, 12, 15, 48, 50, 60, 64, 92–102, 106, 107, 113-114, 119, 137, 227
See also deportation; FBI: informant recruitment methods; ICE; political asylum
Immigration and Customs Enforcement, 95–96, 100
informants. See Alanssi, Mohamed; Assaad, Elie; Bakalli, Besnik; Eldawoody, Osama; Gilbert, Howard; Hussain, Shahed; Khan, Naseem; Martinez, Luis; Monteilh, Craig; Omar, Mahmoud; Saidi, Abbas al-; Shelby, Theodore;
as agents provocateurs, 13-14, 16, 24, 30, 32–33, 57–58, 88, 197, 223 (see also entrapment);
characteristics of, 61–62, 114, 132, 136, 151–53;
compensation of, 32, 45, 64, 87, 129, 137, 149, 151–53, 162, 168, 171, 175, 178, 193; criminality among, 106, 114, 136–37, 155–81, 190, 223–24 (see also Abdul-Latif, Abu Khalid; Bulger, Whitey; Ferdaus, Rezwan; Finton, Michael; Fort Dix Five; Hussain, Shahed; Martinez, Luis; Shareef, Derrick; Shelby, Theodore);
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