G I L E AD
Helena
Marilynne Robinson
is the author of the modern classic
Housekeeping—winner of the PEN/Hemingway Award—and two books of nonfiction, Mother Country and The Death of Adam. She teaches at the University of Iowa Writers' Workshop.
ALSO BY MARILYNNE ROBINSON
F I C T I O N
Housekeeping
N O N F I C T I O N
Mother Country: Britain, the Welfare State and Nuclear Pollution
The Death of Adam: Essays on Modern Thought
Praise for Marilynne Robinson's Gilead
"Gilead is a book that deserves to be read slowly, thoughtfully,
and repeatedly.... I would like to see copies of it dropped onto
pews across our country, where it could sit among the Bibles
and hymnals and collection envelopes. It would be a good reminder of what it means to lead a noble and moral life—and,
for that matter, what it means to write a truly great novel." —Anne Patchett, The Village Fbice
"Good novels about spiritual life are rare. This is one of the best."
—Newsweek
"Readers with no interest in religion will find pleasure in this
hymn to existence.... It's a story that captures the splendors
and pitfalls of being alive, viewed through the prism of how soon it all ends."
—The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
"Quietly powerful [and] moving articles of faith." —O magazine
"American culture is enriched by having the whole range of Marilynne Robinson's work."
—The Boston Globe
"When I first picked up this book and read a few pages, I [was] overwhelmed by the sheer beauty of the language and the directness
with which it spoke to my heart.... John Ames says,
'For me writing has always felt like praying,' and we are privileged to overhear this, his prayer."
—The Roanoke Times
"[Gilead] is that rarest of books. The disarmingly simple prose
in this novel is filled with profound wisdom." —The Wichita Eagle
"This is a morally and emotionally complex novel ... where
every word matters.... A classic that should be read, savored,
and read again."
—The Courier-Journal (Louisville)
"In the sheer beauty of its prose and the fierceness of its passion, Gilead is a work of startling power: a seemingly simple
artifice that reveals more complex and finer structures the closer we approach it. It is a subtle, gorgeously wrought, and immensely moving novel."
—The Weekly Standard
"[Gilead] glows with brilliance." —The Philadelphia Inquirer
"At times, in the middle of one quiet passage or another, the reader may sense that the [narrator] has reached out and placed his hand on our head and blessed us with the gift of his humble, noble life."
—The Miami Herald
"At a time when so many politicians aggressively flaunt religiosity in strategic sound bites, it is refreshing to read an honest
account of moral and spiritual quandaries.... Gilead is
remarkable for its sensual evocation of place and keen appreciation for history as well as for its candid, often gripping, examination of conscience."
—The Women's Review ofBooks
"A novel as big as a nation, as quiet as thought, and as moving as prayer. Matchless and towering."
—Kirkus Reviews (starred review)
"Exceptional in every way ... Gilead is a far more explosive and transgressive work than any other book American culture
has had to deal with in years.... Whatever level it assays,
Gilead masters."
—National Catholic Reporter
"A quietly breathtaking n o v e l ... a graceful book, one you will want to keep on your shelf and come back to again and again." —The Winston-Salem Journal
"The wait, gentle readers, was well worth it.... One doesn't so
much read this novel as take it to heart, live in its little universe, feel blessed by it."
—The Times-Picayune (New Orleans)
"Remarkable for its masterly control... Achieves moments of near-Melvillean grandeur and dazzling lucidity." —Commentary
"Gilead is gripping... . You will hang on every word." —Slate
Picador
Farrar; Straus and Giroux New York
My thanks to Ellen Levine, and to Katharine Stall and Earle McCartney.
—M.R.
GILEAD. Copyright © 2004 by Marilynne Robinson. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part ofthis book may be used or reproduced in
any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case ofbrief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews. For information, address Picador,
175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010. www.picadorusa.com
Picador® is a U.S. registered trademark and is used by Farrar, Straus and Giroux under license from Pan Books Limited.
For John and Ellen Summers, my dearfather and mother
ITOLD YOU LAST NIGHT THAT I MIGHT BE GONE
sometime, and you said, Where, and I said, To be with the Good Lord, and you said, Why, and I said, Because I'm old, and you said, I don't think you're old. And you put your hand in my hand and you said, You aren't very old, as if that settled it. I told you you might have a very different life from mine, and from the life you've had with me, and that would be a wonderful thing, there are many ways to live a good life. And you said, Mama already told me that. And then you said, Don't laugh! because you thought I was laughing at you. You reached up and put your fingers on my lips and gave me that look I never in my life saw on any other face besides your mother's. It's a kind of furious pride, very passionate and stern. I'm always a little surprised to find my eyebrows unsinged after I've suffered one of those looks. I will miss them.
It seems ridiculous to suppose the dead miss anything. If you're a grown man when you read this—it is my intention for this letter that you will read it then—I'll have been gone a long time. I'll know most of what there is to know about being dead, but I'll probably keep it to myself. That seems to be the way of things.
I don't know how many times people have asked me what death is like, sometimes when they were only an hour or two from finding out for themselves. Even when I was a. very young man, people as old as I am now would ask me, hold on to my hands and look into my eyes with their old milky eyes, as if they knew I knew and they were going to make me tell them. I used to say it was like going home. We have no home in this world, I used to say, and then I'd walk back up the road to this old place and make myself a pot of coffee and a friedegg sandwich and listen to the radio, when I got one, in the
dark as often as not. Do you remember this house? I think you must, a little. I grew up in parsonages. I've lived in this one most of my life, and I've visited in a good many others, because my father's friends and most of our relatives also lived in parsonages. And when I thought about it in those days, which wasn't too often, I thought this was the worst of them all, the draftiest and the dreariest. Well, that was my state of mind at the time. It's a perfectly good old house, but I was all alone in
it then. And that made it seem strange to me. I didn't feel very much at home in the world, that was a fact. Now I do.
And now they say my heart is failing. The doctor used the
term "angina pectoris," which has a theological sound, like misericordia. Well, you expect these things at my age. My father died an old man, but his sisters didn't live very long, really.
So I can only be grateful. I do
regret that I have almost nothing to leave you and your mother. A few old books no one else would want. I never made any money to speak of, and I
never paid any attention to the money I had. It was the furthest thing from my mind that I'd be leaving a wife and child, believe me. I'd have been a better father if I'd known. I'd have set something by for you.
That is the main thing I want to tell you, that I regret very deeply the hard times I know you and your mother must have gone through, with no real help from me at all, except my prayers, and I pray all the time. I did while I lived, and I do now, too, if that is how things are in the next life.
4
I can hear you talking with your mother, you asking, she answering. It's not the words I hear, just the sounds of your voices. You don't like to go to sleep, and every night she has to sort of talk you into it all over again. I never hear her sing except at night, from the next room, when she's coaxing you to
sleep. And then I can't make out what song it is she's singing. Her voice is very low. It sounds beautiful to me, but she laughs when I say that.
I really can't tell what's beautiful anymore. I passed two young fellows on the street the other day. I know who they are, they work at the garage. They're not churchgoing, either one
of them, just decent rascally young fellows who have to be joking all the time, and there they were, propped against the
garage wall in the sunshine, lighting up their cigarettes. They're always so black with grease and so strong with gasoline I don't know why they don't catch fire themselves. They
were passing remarks back and forth the way they do and laughing that wicked way they have. And it seemed beautiful to me. It is an amazing thing to watch people laugh, the way it sort of takes them over. Sometimes they really do struggle with it. I see that in church often enough. So I wonder what it is and where it comes from, and I wonder what it expends out of your system, so that you have to do it till you're done, like crying in a way, I suppose, except that laughter is much more easily spent.
When they saw me coming, of course the joking stopped,
but I could see they were still laughing to themselves, thinking what the old preacher almost heard them say.
I felt like telling them, I appreciate a joke as much as anybody. There have been many occasions in my life when I have
wanted to say that. But it's not a thing people are willing to accept. They want you to be a little bit apart. I felt like saying,
I'm a dying man, and I won't have so many more occasions to
5
laugh, in this world at least. But that would just make them serious and polite, I suppose. I'm keeping my condition a secret
as long as I can. For a dying man I feel pretty good, and that is a blessing. Of course your mother knows about it. She said if I feel good, maybe the doctor is wrong. But at my age there's a limit to how wrong he can be.
That's the strangest thing about this life, about being in
the ministry. People change the subject when they see youcoming. And then sometimes those very same people come into
your study and tell you the most remarkable things. There's
a lot under the surface of life, everyone knows that. A lot of malice and dread and guilt, and so much loneliness, where you wouldn't really expect to find it, either. , • • '
My mother's father was a preacher, and my father's father was, too, and his father before him, and before that, nobody knows, but I wouldn't hesitate to guess. That life was second nature to them, just as it is to me. They were fine people, but if there was one thing I should have learned from them and did not
learn, it was to control my temper. This is wisdom I should have attained a long time ago. Even now, when a flutter of my pulse makes me think of final things, I find myself losing
my temper, because a drawer sticks or because I've misplaced my glasses. I tell you so that you can watch for this in yourself. A little too much anger, too often or at the wrong time, can destroy more than you would ever imagine. Above all, mind what you say. "Behold how much wood is kindled by how small a fire, and the tongue is a fire"—that's the truth. When my father was old he told me that very thing in a letter he sent me. Which, as it happens, I burned. I dropped it right in the stove. This surprised me a good deal more at the time than it does in retrospect.
6
I believe 111 make an experiment with candor here. Now, I say this with all respect. My father was a man who acted from principle, as he said himself. He acted from faithfulness to the truth as he saw it. But something in the way he went about it made him disappointing from time to time, and not just to me. I say this despite all the attention he gave to me bringing me up, for which I am profoundly in his debt, though he himself
might dispute that. God rest his soul, I know for a fact I disappointed him. It is a remarkable thing to consider. We meant
well by each other, too.
Well, see and see but do not perceive, hear and hear but do not understand, as the Lord says. I can't claim to understand that saying, as many times as I've heard it, and even preached on it. It simply states a deeply mysterious fact. You can know a thing to death and be for all purposes completely ignorant of it. A man can know his father, or his son, and there might still
be nothing between them but loyalty and love and mutual incomprehension. My point in mentioning this is only to say that people who
feel any sort of regret where you are concerned will suppose you are angry, and they will see anger in what you do, even if you're just quietly going about a life of your own choosing. They make you doubt yourself, which, depending on cases, can be a severe distraction and a waste of time. This is a thing I wish I had understood much earlier than I did. Just to reflect on it makes me a little irritated. Irritation is a form of anger, I recognize that.
One great benefit of a religious vocation is that it helps you concentrate. It gives you a good basic sense of what is being asked of you and also what you might as well ignore. If I have any wisdom to offer, this is a fair part of it.
You have blessed our house not quite seven years, and fairly lean years, too, so late in my life. There was no way for me to
7
make any changes to provide for the two of you. Still, I think about it and I pray. It is very much in my mind. I want you to know that.
We're having a fine spring, and this is another fine day. You were almost late for school. We stood you on a chair and you ate toast and jam while your mother polished your shoes and I combed your hair. You had a page of sums to do that you should have done last night, and you took forever over them this morning, trying to get all the numbers facing the right way. You're like your mother, so serious about everything. The old men call you Deacon, but that seriousness isn't all from my side of the family. I'd never seen anything like it until I met her. Well, putting aside my grandfather. It seemed to me to be half sadness and half fury, and I wondered what in her life could have put that expression in her eyes. And then when you
were about three, just a little fellow, I came into the nursery
one morning and there you were down on the floor in the sunlight in your trapdoor pajamas, trying to figure a way to fix a
broken crayon. And you looked up at me and it was just that look of hers. I've thought of that moment many times. I'll tell you, sometimes it has seemed to me that you were looking back through life, back through troubles I pray you'll never have, asking me to kindly explain myself.
"You're just like all them old men in the Bible," your
mother tells me, and that would be true, if I could manage to live a hundred and twenty years, and maybe have a few cattle and oxen and menservants and maidservants. My father left me a trade, which happened also to be my vocation. But the fact is, it was all second nature to me, I grew up with it. Most likely you will not.
8
I saw a bubble float past my window, fat and wobbly and ripening toward that dragonfly blue they turn just before they burst.
So I looked down at the yard and there you were, you and your mother, blowing bubbles at the cat, such a barrage of them that the poor beast was beside herself at the glut of opportunity. She was actually leaping in the air, our insouciant Soapy! Some of the bubbles drifted up through the branches, even above the trees. You two were too intent on the cat to see the celestial consequences of your worldly endeavors. They were very lovely. Your mother is wearing her blue dress and you are wearing your red shirt and you were kneeling on the ground together with Soapy between and that effulgence of bubbles rising, and so much laughter. Ah, this life, this world.
Your mother told you I'm writing your begats, and you seemed very pleased with the idea. Well, then. What should I record
for you? I, John Ames, was born in the Year of Our Lord 1880 in the state of Kansas, the son of John Ames and Martha Turner Ames, grandson of John Ames and Margaret Todd Ames. At this writing I have lived seventy-six years, seventyfour of them here in Gilead, Iowa, excepting study at the college
and at seminary.
And what else should I tell you?
When I was twelve years old, my father took me to the grave of my grandfather. At that time my family had been living in Gilead for about ten years, my father serving the church here. His father, who was born in Maine and had come out to Kansas
in the 1830s, lived with us for a number of years after his retirement. Then the old man ran off to become a sort of itinerant
preacher, or so we believed. He died in Kansas and was buried there, near a town that had pretty well lost its people. A
9
drought had driven most of them away, those who had not already left for towns closer to the railroad. Surely there was
only a town in that place to begin with because it was Kansas, and the people who settled it were Free Soilers who weren't really thinking about the long term. I don't often use the expression "godforsaken," but when I think back to that place, that
word does come to mind. It took my father months to find where the old man had ended up, lots of letters of inquiry to churches and newspapers and so on. He put a great deal of effort into it. Finally someone wrote back and sent a little package with his watch and a beat-up old Bible and some letters,
Gilead (2005 Pulitzer Prize) Page 1