by Kitty Kelley
Interviews: Byron Dobell, March 12, 2003; Stephen Thayer, May 2003; Ray Walker, May 28, 2003; Elizabeth W. Holden, May 28, 2003; Serena Stewart, June 4 and 24, 2002, and July 10, 2002; John Jansing, Oct. 12, 2001; Stuart Symington Jr., July 3, 2002; James Symington, July 3, 2002; Fred Purdy, July 30, 2002; Charles Stephan, July 16, 2002; correspondence with Lois Herbert, July 7 and 25, 2002.
CHAPTER 9
Records: Newspaper clippings scrapbooks, including Dorothy Bush columns, and Prescott Bush Senate office press releases, Prescott S. Bush Papers, Thomas J. Dodd Research Center, University of Connecticut; documents concerning Eisenhower and Burning Tree Club, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library; Prescott S. Bush Jr. Oral History Interview transcript, Greenwich Library Oral History Project, Greenwich Library, Greenwich, Conn.; Prescott Bush statement in the Senate concerning censure of Senator Joseph McCarthy, Congressional Record, Dec. 1, 1954; William Fulbright to Prescott Bush, Dec. 2, 1954, J. William Fulbright Papers, Special Collections, University of Arkansas; Sam Bemiss to Prescott Bush, June 22, 1954, Samuel M. Bemiss Papers, Virginia Historical Society.
Books: Emmet John Hughes, The Ordeal of Power: A Political Memoir of the Eisenhower Years (New York: Atheneum, 1963); Randall Bennett Woods, Fulbright (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995); Richard M. Fried, Men Against McCarthy (New York: Columbia University Press, 1976); Haynes Johnson and Bernard M. Gwertzman, Fulbright, the Dissenter (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1968).
Articles: Laura Sessions Stepp, “Nominees’ Upbringing and Their Faith,” Washington Post, Nov. 4, 1988; David Margolick, “Brother Dearest,” Vanity Fair, July 2001; Michael J. Birkner, “Eisenhower and the Red Menace,” Prologue 33, no. 3 (Fall 2001); “June 1, 1950: A Declaration of Conscience,” www.senate.gov (March 22, 2002); Herblock, “Have a Care, Sir,” Washington Post, March 4, 1954; “Watered-Down Substitute for M’Carthy Censure Move Offered in Senate,” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, July 31, 1954; George H. Hall, “Platform Set, Near Unanimous Accord Reached on Civil Rights,” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Aug. 20, 1956.
Interviews: Pat Shakow, Aug. 19, 2001; Ellen Proxmire, Oct. 4, 2002; Marian Javits, May 23, 2003; Michael Lynch, Jan. 30, 2002; Harry McPherson, June 7, 2002; Don Ritchie, March 19, 2002; Hamilton Richardson, March 23, 2004; Bobby Wood, Nov. 23, 2002; Frank Valeo, March 14, 2002; William Hildenbrand, March 14, 2002; Pat Holt, March 14, 2002; Betsy Trippe DeVecchi, July 20, 2003; Bernie Yudain, Dec. 5, 2001; Sid Yudain, Dec. 5, 2001; Ray Walker, May 28, 2003; Peter Ribicoff, Feb. 27, 2002; correspondence with Dwight Strandberg, archivist, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, July 25, 2003.
CHAPTER 10
Records: Newspaper clippings scrapbooks, 1956 Senate campaign material, and Prescott Bush Senate office press releases, Prescott S. Bush Papers, Thomas J. Dodd Research Center, University of Connecticut; Prescott Bush file, Drew Pearson Papers, Lyndon B. Johnson Presidential Library; Prescott S. Bush Oral History, 1966, Columbia University Oral History Research Project, Eisenhower Administration Project; documents concerning President Eisenhower’s schedule, correspondence, including Prescott Bush letter to Sherman Adams, and minutes of cabinet meeting, Feb. 13, 1956, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library; Paxton Howard testimony from “Hearings Before the Special Committee to Investigate Political Activities, Lobbying, and Campaign Contributions, United States Senate, Eighty-fourth Congress, Second Session, Pursuant to S. Res. 219, May 1, 24, June 14, 15, 21, 28, September 10, 11, 12, October 9, 1956”; Thomas Ashley to George H.W. Bush, July 25, 1956, Thomas L. Ashley Papers, Center for Archival Collections, Bowling Green State University; Prescott S. Bush FBI file obtained through Freedom of Information Act; George H.W. Bush to Paul Dorsey, April 8, 1967, George Bush Presidential Library.
Books: George Bush with Victor Gold, Looking Forward (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1987); Robert H. Ferrell, ed., The Eisenhower Diaries (New York: Norton, 1981); Herbert Brownell and John P. Burke, Advising Ike (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1993).
Articles: “Bush Asks Ike to Keep Nixon on Party Ticket,” Hartford Courant, Sept. 25, 1952; Eric Sandahl, “Wall St. Pals Push $20,000 Bush Fund,” Bridgeport Herald, Jan. 16, 1955; Drew Pearson, “Another Secret Fund, Nixon Style,” Washington Post, June 13, 1955; Drew Pearson, “Voter’s Stake in Campaign Funds,” Washington Post, June 15, 1955; “These Senatorial Funds,” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, June 22, 1955; “Regulation Needed,” Waterbury Republican, June 23, 1955; Edward F. Woods, “Lawyer Says He Pushed Gas Bill and Got a Bonus,” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Oct. 9, 1956.
Interviews: Sydney Soderberg, June 12, 2001; Herman Wolf, May 14, 2002; Sid Yudain, Dec. 5, 2001; Howard Shuman, March 19, 2002; correspondence with Marie Deitch, librarian, Greenwich Time, June 14, 2001.
CHAPTER 11
Records: Prescott S. Bush Jr., Albert Morano, Mary (Carter) Walker Oral History transcripts, Greenwich Library Oral History Project, Greenwich Library, Greenwich, Conn.; newspaper clippings scrapbooks, including Dorothy Bush columns, Prescott S. Bush Papers, Thomas J. Dodd Research Center, University of Connecticut; Prescott Bush to Mrs. Allen Dulles, Jan. 29, 1969, posted online at ciajfk.com/images/fbi3.gif (Sept. 5, 2001); memorandum for Barefoot Sanders from George Christian, March 6, 1968, Lyndon B. Johnson Presidential Library; Zapata Offshore Company annual reports, 1955–67; Prescott Bush telegrams to Richard Nixon, Oct. 13, 1960, Oct. 24, 1960, and Nov. 7, 1960, and Prescott Bush letter to Richard Nixon, Nov. 13, 1960, Richard M. Nixon materials, National Archives, Pacific Region (Laguna Niguel); Prescott Bush to John F. Kennedy, Dec. 6, 1960, John F. Kennedy Presidential Library; Prescott Bush telegram to Dwight Eisenhower, Feb. 12, 1962, and Eisenhower reply, Feb. 20, 1962, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library; Prescott S. Bush Oral History, 1966, Columbia University Oral History Research Project, Eisenhower Administration Project.
Books: George Bush with Victor Gold, Looking Forward (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1987); Barbara Bush, Barbara Bush: A Memoir (New York: St. Martin’s Paperbacks, 1995); George Bush letter to Mr. and Mrs. Geza Kapus, Aug. 24, 1959, in George Bush, All the Best, George Bush (New York: Touchstone, 1999); Donnie Radcliffe, Simply Barbara Bush (New York: Warner Books, 1989); Fay Vincent, The Last Commissioner (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2002); Bill Minutaglio, First Son (New York: Times Books, 1999); Nicholas King, George Bush: A Biography (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1980); Fitzhugh Green, George Bush: An Intimate Portrait (New York: Hippocrene Books, 1989); Richard Ben Cramer, What It Takes (New York: Vintage Books, 1993); Bill Adler, ed., The Kennedy Wit (New York: Bantam Books, 1965).
Articles: Neil Vigdor, “Honoring the Family Patriarch; Bush Family’s Political Roots Grow out of Greenwich,” Greenwich Time, June 15, 2003; “Charity,” Nutmegger, Sept. 1974; “A ‘Joke’ About Illegal Aliens Stirs Critics of Prescott Bush,” New York Times, March 27, 1982; John Robinson, “For Nancy Ellis, a New Role as the President’s Sister,” Boston Globe, Jan. 18, 1989; “Jonathan Bush Would Revive Minstrel Era,” Variety, July 11, 1962; Louis Funke, “The Theatre: ‘Oklahoma!’” New York Times, March 8, 1958; Walter Pincus and Bob Woodward, “Doing Well with Help from Family, Friends; They Pointed Bush to Jobs, Investments,” Washington Post, Aug. 11, 1988; Kenny Kemp, “The Scots Financier, the Bush Oil Dynasty . . . and the Man Who Would Be President,” Glasgow Sunday Herald, Dec. 10, 2000; David Robb, “Bush’s Covenants,” Nation, Nov. 28, 1987; Margaret Warner, “Bush Battles the ‘Wimp’ Factor,” Newsweek, Oct. 19, 1987; Gail Sheehy, “Is George Bush Too Nice to Be President?” Vanity Fair, Feb. 1987.
Interviews: Confidential source, Oct. 12, 2002; Isolde Chapin, Dec. 19, 2001; Bernie Yudain, Dec. 5, 2001; Lowell Weicker, Dec. 5, 2001; Kim Elliott, Dec. 10, 2001; Lucie McKinney, Dec. 7, 2001; Ymelda Dixon, Aug. 15, 2003; confidential interview with “Yale roommate,” Oct. 2, 2002; Frank Rich, July 2, 2003; correspondence with Edward Albee, April 7, 2003; Ray Walker, May 28, 2003; Stephanie Lilley, Nov. 2001; Herman Wolf, May 14, 2002; Gail Sheehy, April 29, 2002, and correspondence, June 24, 2002. Interview by David Robb: Hoyt
Taylor, Jan. 24, 1988.
CHAPTER 12
Records: Issues of Bush Bulletin (George Bush 1964 Senate campaign newsletter), John R. Knaggs Papers, John G. Tower Library and Archives, Southwestern University; George Bush to Lud Ashley, Feb. 13, 1963, June 22, 1964, June 8, 1965, and Ashley to Bush, June 19, 1964, Thomas L. Ashley Papers, Center for Archival Collections, Bowling Green State University; Prescott Bush to John Tower, John G. Tower Library and Archives, Southwestern University; newspaper clippings files, William F. Buckley to George Bush, Sept. 17, 1963, George Bush to Richard Nixon, Nov. 12, 1964, George Bush Presidential Library; Prescott Bush to Sam Bemiss, Oct. 17, 1963, July 27, 1964, Nov. 10, 1964, May 13, 1965, Sam Bemiss to Prescott Bush, Nov. 4, 1964, Sam Bemiss to George Bush, Nov. 6, 1963, Samuel M. Bemiss Papers, Virginia Historical Society; FBI memo from Special Agent Graham W. Kitchel, Nov. 22, 1963, concerning George Bush phone call, and documents concerning FBI investigation of James M. Parrott, National Archives, Kennedy Assassination Collection; records concerning George H.W. Bush application for Air Medals, Jan. 27, 1954, obtained from Bureau of Naval Personnel through Freedom of Information Act (by David Robb, 1991); Charles Sargent Caldwell Oral History Project Interview transcript, U.S. Senate Historical Office; telegram from “Seven Democrats Harris County” to the White House, Oct. 27, 1964, Lyndon B. Johnson Presidential Library; Mary (Carter) Walker Oral History Interview transcript, Greenwich Library Oral History Project, Greenwich Library, Greenwich, Conn.; George Bush to Dwight Eisenhower, Jan. 7, 1965, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library.
Books: George Bush with Victor Gold, Looking Forward (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1987); Barbara Bush, Barbara Bush: A Memoir (New York: St. Martin’s Paperbacks, 1995); Herbert S. Parmet, George Bush: The Life of a Lone Star Yankee (New York: Scribner, 1997); Richard Ben Cramer, What It Takes (New York: Vintage Books, 1993); Theodore H. White, The Making of the President, 1964 (New York: Atheneum, 1965); John R. Knaggs, Two-Party Texas (Austin, Tex.: Eakin Press, 1986); Barry M. Goldwater with Jack Casserly, Goldwater (New York: Doubleday, 1988); Michael R. Beschloss, ed., Taking Charge (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1997); Bill Minutaglio, First Son (New York: Times Books, 1999); Fitzhugh Green, George Bush: An Intimate Portrait (New York: Hippocrene Books, 1989).
Articles: “Mrs. Bush Lauds Nixon, Lodge as Team for Times,” Greenwich Time, Nov. 1, 1960; “Bush Hits Rockefeller Marriage, Hopes He Will Not Be Nominated,” Greenwich Time, June 7, 1963; Philip Savory, “Bush vs. Rocky,” New York Herald Tribune, June 8, 1963; “Says Bush ‘Defamed’ Governor,” New York Journal American, June 9, 1963; David S. Broder, “Aug. 28, 1963: A Day Guided by Providence,” Washington Post, Aug. 24, 2003; Jefferson Morley, “Bush and the Blacks: An Unknown Story,” New York Review of Books, Jan. 16, 1992; Rowland Evans and Robert Novak, “Yarborough Slips in Texas Senate Race,” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Oct. 23, 1964; Ed Staats, “George Bush Profile,” Associated Press, June 6, 1970; Miguel Acoca, “FBI: ‘Bush’ Called About JFK Killing,” San Francisco Examiner, Aug. 25, 1988; “Goldwater’s Policies, Kennedy’s Style,” Texas Observer, Oct. 30, 1964; “Cactus-Nasty Campaign,” Time, Oct. 16, 1964; “This Man George Bush,” Texas Observer, Oct. 30, 1964; Barry Bearak, “His Great Gift, to Blend In,” Los Angeles Times, Nov. 22, 1987; Ed Vulliamy, “The President Rides Out,” Observer, Jan. 26, 2003; “24 Alumni to Appear on Ballots,” Yale Daily News, Nov. 3, 1964; Helen Thorpe, “Go East, Young Man,” Texas Monthly, June 1999; Skip Hollandsworth, “Born to Run: What’s in a Name? How About the Republican Nomination for Governor,” Texas Monthly, May 1994; Lois Romano and George Lardner Jr., “Following His Father’s Path—Step by Step by Step,” Washington Post, July 27, 1999; James Adams, “Yale Graduates Survive Elections; Lindsay, Chafee, Murphy Win Big,” Yale Daily News, Nov. 5, 1964; Mary Rice Brogan, “Yarborough Says Bush Should ‘Pack Up, Leave,’” Houston Chronicle, Nov. 4, 1964.
Interviews: Aubrey Irby, Sept. 11, 2002; Alex Dickie Jr., July 17, 2002; William Sloane Coffin, June 15, 2001, and Oct. 11, 2002. Interview by David Robb: Legare Hole, May 7, 1991.
CHAPTER 13
Records: 1966 House campaign material and newspaper clippings files, George Bush letter to Paul Dorsey, Jan. 27, 1967, documents concerning William Sloane Coffin’s civil disobedience, including Kingman Brewster statement, and George H. Walker Jr. letter to George Bush, Oct. 30, 1967, George Bush letter to David Acheson, Nov. 2, 1967, George Bush letter to Larry V. Moser, Nov. 1, 1967, Howard T. Phelan letter to George Bush, Nov. 20, 1967, R. B. Greene “Open Letter to the President,” Dec., 24, 1967, transcript, David Frost interview with George and Barbara Bush, Aug. 29, 1989, documents and statement concerning trip to Vietnam, Jan. 11, 1968, George Bush letter to Richard G. Mack, April 14, 1968, address list for vice presidential bid, July 16, 1968, Louis F. Polk letter to George Bush, July 2, 1968, George Bush letter to Louis F. Polk Jr., July 8, 1968, George Bush letter to Bob Connery, Aug. 20, 1968, George Bush Presidential Library; George Bush to Dwight Eisenhower, June 13, 1966, and note, July 28, 1966, concerning George Bush’s requesting a statement endorsing him for Congress, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library; James A. Baker III interview, David Hoffman Papers, George Bush Presidential Library; Jonathan Bush to Kingman Brewster, Feb. 2, 1968, Manuscripts and Archives, Sterling Memorial Library, Yale University; Prescott S. Bush Oral History, 1966, Columbia University Oral History Research Project, Eisenhower Administration Project; Prescott Bush and George Bush correspondence with Thomas E. Dewey concerning vice presidency in 1968, Thomas E. Dewey Papers, University of Rochester.
Books: Bill Minutaglio, First Son (New York: Times Books, 1999); Fitzhugh Green, George Bush: An Intimate Portrait (New York: Hippocrene Books, 1989); Herbert S. Parmet, George Bush: The Life of a Lone Star Yankee (New York: Scribner, 1997); George Bush with Victor Gold, Looking Forward (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1987); Barbara Bush, Barbara Bush: A Memoir (New York: St. Martin’s Paperbacks, 1995); Donnie Radcliffe, Simply Barbara Bush (New York: Warner Books, 1989); William Sloane Coffin, Once to Every Man (New York: Atheneum, 1977); George Bush letter to Paul Dorsey, Jan. 27, 1967, letter to Richard Gerstle Mack, Easter Sunday 1968, letter to Charles Untermeyer, April 11, 1968, letter to James Allison Jr., undated, in George Bush, All the Best, George Bush (New York: Touchstone, 1999); Gail Sheehy, Characters (New York: William Morrow, 1988); George W. Bush, A Charge to Keep (New York: William Morrow, 1999).
Articles: “Court Says Texas Must Redistrict,” New York Times, March 3, 1964; Jefferson Morley, “Bush and the Blacks: An Unknown Story,” New York Review of Books, Jan. 16, 1992; Lally Weymouth, “The Surprising George Bush,” M, May 1991; Jake Tapper, “Air War,” salon.com, Nov. 22, 1999; Walt Harrington, “Born to Run,” Washington Post Magazine, Sept. 28, 1986; “Halleck, Bush, Mrs. Reid Get Key House GOP Spots,” Washington Star, Jan. 26, 1967; Barry Bearak, “His Great Gift, to Blend In,” Los Angeles Times, Nov. 22, 1987; “Bush Shows Assets Exceeding $1 Million,” Houston Post, April 28, 1967; “Branding Rite Laid to Yale Fraternity,” New York Times, Nov. 8, 1967; Jonathan Lear, “No Intervention for Fraternities,” Yale Daily News, Nov. 7, 1968; David Robb, “Bush’s Covenants,” Nation, Nov. 28, 1987; Maureen Dowd, “Making and Remaking a Political Identity,” New York Times, Aug. 20, 1992; Carey Cronan, “Bush Opposes Use of Ground Troops,” Bridgeport Post, May 21, 1954; Sidney Blumenthal, “War Story,” New Republic, Oct. 12, 1992; William Yardley, “Jeb Bush: His Early Values Shape His Policies,” Miami Herald, Sept. 22, 2002; Richard A. Serrano, “Bush Received Quick Air Commission,” Los Angeles Times, July 4, 1999; George Lardner Jr. and Lois Romano, “At Height of Vietnam, Graduate Picks Guard; With Deferment Over, Pilot Training Begins,” Washington Post, July 28, 1999; “Long Shot,” New Republic, Feb. 21, 1970; Rowland Evans and Robert Novak, “Young Texas Congressman Bush Gets Nixon Look as Running Mate,” Washington Post, June 5, 1968; “Rewriting History,” New Yorker, Oct. 5, 1992; Lois Romano and George Lardner Jr., “Following His Father’s Path—Step by Step by Step,” Washington Pos
t, July 27, 1999; Helen Thorpe, “Hail the Conquering Hero,” New York, Sept. 20, 1999; “Dedicate Housing in New Haven to Former Senator,” Greenwich Time, Nov. 7, 1966; Oscar Griffin, “Bush Says ‘Poor’ Demands Impossible,” Houston Chronicle, June 10, 1968.
Interviews: Virginia Douglas, Dec. 29, 2003; William Sloane Coffin, June 15, 2001, and Oct. 11, 2002; Kenneth White, March 12, 2003; Mark I. Soler, July 2003 and Nov. 7, 2003; Gail Sheehy, April 29, 2002; Ray Walker, May 28, 2003; Nadine Eckhardt, Aug. 5, 2003, and correspondence, Oct. 10, 2003.
CHAPTER 14
Records: Prescott Bush to Kingman Brewster, Jan. 8, 1968, and 1968 Class Yearbook, Manuscripts and Archives, Sterling Memorial Library, Yale University; Phillips Academy, Andover, yearbook, 1964 Pot Pourri.
Books: Mickey Herskowitz, Duty, Honor, Country (Nashville: Rutledge Hill Press, 2003); Bill Minutaglio, First Son (New York: Times Books, 1999); George W. Bush, A Charge to Keep (New York: William Morrow, 1999); Barbara Bush, Barbara Bush: A Memoir (New York: St. Martin’s Paperbacks, 1995); George Bush letter to his sons, July 23, 1974, in George Bush, All the Best, George Bush (New York: Touchstone, 1999).
Articles: Joe Conason, “The Yale Man’s Legacy,” salon.com, Jan. 16, 2003; “A Son’s Restless Journey,” Newsweek, Aug. 7, 2000; Jane Mayer and Alexandra Robbins, “Debt of Aptitude,” New Yorker, Nov. 8, 1999; George Lardner Jr. and Lois Romano, “A Texas Childhood; A Sister Dies, a Family Moves On; Loss Creates Strong Bond Between Mother, Son,” Washington Post, July 26, 1999, and “Following His Father’s Path—Step by Step by Step,” Washington Post, July 27, 1999; David Margolick, “Brother Dearest,” Vanity Fair, July 2001; Cathy Rampell, “Bush Gives Backseat to Academy Influence,” Phillipian, Nov. 10, 2000; Helen Thorpe, “Go East, Young Man,” Texas Monthly, June 1999; transcript, Frontline interview with Clay Johnson, 2000, from pbs.org (Aug. 6, 2001); Garry Trudeau, “Card-Carrying Preppy,” Time, July 2, 2001; transcript, “Class Reunion,” ABC News Nightline, May 29, 2003; “Marijuana in Spook?” Yale Daily News, Oct. 18, 1967; Jake Tapper, “Judging W’s Heart,” salon.com, Nov. 1, 2000; Geoffrey Kabaservice, “The Birth of a New Institution,” Yale Alumni Magazine, Dec. 1999; Carter Wiseman, “In the Days of DKE and S.D.S.,” Yale Alumni Magazine, Feb. 2001; Nicholas Lemann, “The Redemption,” New Yorker, Jan. 31, 2000; Garry Trudeau, on the Yale ’68 reunion, Doonesbury, May 26–31, 2003; Janice D’Arcy, “Yale Coaxes Bush Back into the Eli Fold,” Hartford Courant, May 10, 2001; Leah Garchik, “George Bush Gets It Right,” San Francisco Chronicle, June 6, 2003; Lloyd Grove, “Boycotting the White House,” Washington Post, May 9, 2003.