by Kitty Kelley
Articles: David Remnick, “Why Is Lee Atwater So Hungry?” Esquire, Dec. 1986; Roy Reed, “George Bush on the Move,” New York Times Magazine, Feb. 10, 1980; Paul Hendrickson, “Marathon with Earnest George Bush,” Washington Post, May 23, 1979; Susan Watters, “When Push Comes to Shove,” W, April 28–May 5, 1978; Francis X. Clines, “George Bush—Loyalty to the Cause,” New York Times Magazine, Oct. 7, 1984; Barry Bearak, “His Great Gift, to Blend In,” Los Angeles Times, Nov. 22, 1987; Amy Wilentz, “Bygones; Let Us Now Praise Old Enemies,” Time, Dec. 23, 1985; Lou Cannon, “Bush Wins the Boss’ Respect,” Washington Post, Feb. 1, 1988; James R. Dickenson, “Reagan Has Straight Shot After Bush Concedes,” Washington Star, May 27, 1980; Michael Kramer, “Inside the Room with George Bush,” New York, July 28, 1980; Carl M. Cannon, “Reagan and Ford Flirt, but It’s Bush,” National Journal, Aug. 5, 2000; Mary McGrory, “Ford Reached Too Fast for His Inheritance,” Washington Star, July 19, 1980; Pat Oliphant, “He Does Understand the Role of a Vice President,” Washington Star, July 25, 1980; Evan Thomas, “George Bush Surprised by Landslide,” Washington Star, Nov. 5, 1980; “Bush Style,” M, Jan. 1989; Joe Conason, “He Cheats on His Wife,” Spy, July/Aug. 1992; Jim Nolan, “Ambassador Who Spilled the Beans,” New York Post, Aug. 11, 1992; Ian Brodie, “Bush Enraged by ‘Sleaze’ Claims of Affair with Aide,” Telegraph, Aug. 13, 1992; Cragg Hines, “‘An Absolute Outrage’: Questions About Infidelity Infuriate First Lady,” Houston Chronicle, Aug. 13, 1992; George F. Will, “George Bush: The Sound of a Lapdog,” Washington Post, Jan. 30, 1986; Hugh Sidey, “Taking Confidences to the Grave,” Time, April 18, 1988; Walter Pincus and Bob Woodward, “Doing Well with Help from Family, Friends; They Pointed Bush to Jobs, Investments,” Washington Post, Aug. 11, 1988; Arthur Wiese and Margaret Downing, “Bush’s Son Was to Dine with Suspect’s Brother,” Houston Post, March 31, 1981; Arthur Wiese, “Vice President Confirms His Son Was to Have Hosted Hinckley Brother,” Houston Post, April 1, 1981; “Hinckleys Reportedly Know Bushes,” Boston Globe, March 31, 1981; John Mossman, “Family ‘Destroyed’ by Assassination Attempt,” Associated Press, April 1, 1981; “Hinckley’s Father Denies Bid for $5 Million in Legal Move,” New York Times, Oct. 18, 1993; “Reagan Calls Greenwich to Reassure Bush’s Mom,” Greenwich Time, Nov. 11, 1983; Julie DiMario, “Dorothy Bush Buoyed by Polls, But Wary,” St. Louis Globe-Democrat, Sept. 29, 1984; “Bush Press Aide Isn’t Sorry for Describing Ferraro as ‘Bitchy,” Seattle Times, Oct. 12, 1984; transcript, “The Bush-Ferraro Vice Presidential Debate: October 11, 1984,” www.debates.org; “Bush Tries to Back Up His Charge That Mondale Said Marines ‘Died in Shame,’” Seattle Times, Oct. 16, 1984; Susan Watters, “The Real Bush Campaign, Man vs. Politician,” M, April 1986; Gail Sheehy, “Beating Around the Bush,” Vanity Fair, Sept. 1988; John Hanchetter, “Laura Welch Bush: Shy No More,” USA Today, June 13, 2000; Garry Trudeau, Doonesbury, on manhood, Oct. 30, 1984, and on Ferraro debate, Nov. 3, 1984; Walter Pincus, “U.S.-Iran Talks Helped Free 3 Hostages, San Franciso Chronicle, Nov. 6, 1986, and “How Iran Bluffed U.S. on Captives,” San Francisco Chronicle, Nov. 12, 1986; “Letter Reveals How Bush Opened Doors for Pro-contra Leader,” Houston Chronicle, March 15, 1987; “Bush Defends His Letter About North,” San Francisco Chronicle, March 17, 1987.
Interviews: Cody Shearer, Aug. 21 and 27, 2003, and Oct. 8 and 15, 2003; John Mashek, Dec. 11, 2003; confidential source, Aug. 28, 2001; Susan King, Feb. 21, 2002; Kathleen Lay Ambrose, Feb. 16, 2003; Michael Kernan, Feb. 23, 2002; Robert Fink, Feb. 12, 2002 and April 3, 2002, and correspondence, Feb. 14, 2002 and June 4, 2002; confidential source, Dec. 19, 2003; Demaris Carroll, Dec. 11, 2003; Dolly Langdon Chapin, Feb. 7, 2002; “designer,” May 16, 2002; “one of Strickland’s friends,” Oct. 12, 2001; Aniko Gaal Schott, May 6, 2003; Sharon Bush, April 1, 2003, and May 13, 2004; Floretta Dukes McKenzie, Aug. 4, 2003; Ray Walker, May 28, 2003; correspondence with FBI, June 14, 2002, and phone call, Nov. 15, 2002; Geraldine A. Ferraro, Oct. 22, 2002; Julia Malone, Oct. 9, 2002; Carol Taylor Gray, Oct. 3, 2003, and correspondence, Dec. 1, 2003.
CHAPTER 20
Records: “Stipulation Agreement” between State of Connecticut Department of Banking and J. Bush & Co., Inc., Jan. 20, 1991; “Order Approving Registration upon Conditions” of J. Bush & Co., Inc., July 25, 1991, Commonwealth of Massachusetts Office of the Secretary of State, Securities Division; State Department cable to “All Diplomatic and Consular Posts,” Feb. 1989, requiring that they “avoid giving any appearance of preferential treatment . . . to any member of the Bush family,” obtained through Freedom of Information Act; documents in the case of West Tsusho Co., Ltd. v. Prescott Bush & Co., Inc., and Prescott S. Bush Jr. case no. 92 CIV 3378 (DLC), U.S. District Court, Southern District of New York, National Archives, Central Plains Region, Lee’s Summit, Mo.; State Department cables concerning Jeb Bush trips to Nigeria on behalf of M&W Pump, March 1989 and June 1991, as well as proposed trips in May 1990 and October 1990, which were canceled for security reasons, obtained through Freedom of Information Act; “The President’s News Conference,” Sept. 12, 1991, George Bush Public Papers, bushlibrary.tamu.edu; documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and with the Corporations Division of the Texas Office of the Secretary of State on behalf of Arbusto Energy, Inc., and of Bush Exploration Co.; transcript, “Videotaped Oral Deposition of Neil Mallon Bush, March 4, 2002, in the Matter of the Marriage of Neil Mallon Bush and Sharon Lee Bush”; “Agreement and Plan of Merger” between Spectrum 7 Energy and Harken Oil and Gas, Inc., Sept. 15, 1986.
Books: Peter Schweizer and Rochelle Schweizer, The Bushes (New York: Doubleday, 2004); George Bush letter to Marvin Pierce, April 7, 1955, in George Bush, All the Best, George Bush (New York: Touchstone, 1999); Bill Minutaglio, First Son (New York: Times Books, 1999); Molly Ivins and Lou Dubose, Shrub (New York: Vintage Books, 2000); Ann Gerhart, The Perfect Wife (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2004).
Articles: Frank Phillips, “State Fines Bush’s Brother in Stock Case,” Boston Globe, July 26, 1991; “‘Family Values,’” Treasure State Review, Autumn 1992; Kenneth T. Walsh, “All the President’s Children,” U.S. News & World Report, Feb. 12, 1990; Michael Isikoff, “As Race Heats Up, So Does Scrutiny of Bush’s Family; Relatives’ Business Affairs Become Target,” Washington Post, July 4, 1992; “‘When George Is Ready, I Am,’” Nutmegger, Jan. 1985; Debbie Howlett, “President’s Uncle Shares Bush Family Ties to China,” USA Today, Feb. 19, 2002; Jim Mann and Douglas Frantz, “Firm That Employs Bush’s Brother Stands to Benefit from China Deal Trade: U.S. Satellite Export Would Aid Communications Venture of New York Firm,” Los Angeles Times, Dec. 13, 1989; “Bush’s Brother Dealt with Japanese Underworld Boss,” Japan Economic Newswire, June 7, 1991; Leslie Helm, “Bush Brother Was a Consultant to Company Under Scrutiny in Japan,” Los Angeles Times, June 11, 1991; “Prescott Bush Faces Inquiry on Pay for Arranging Deal,” Wall Street Journal, Sept. 9, 1992; Stephen Pizzo, “Family Values,” Mother Jones, Sept./Oct. 1992; David Margolick, “Brother Dearest,” Vanity Fair, July 2001; Christopher Hitchins, “Minority Report,” Nation, Nov. 12, 1990; Jeff Gerth, “The Business Dealings of the President’s Relatives: What the Record Shows,” New York Times, April 19, 1992; Alecia Swasy and Robert Triagaux, “Make the Money and Run,” and “Commerce Job Led to Overseas Ventures,” St. Petersburg Times, Sept. 20, 1998; Jefferson Morley, “Dirty Money,” Miami New Times, Feb. 27, 1991; Mark Hosenball, “The Brothers Bush: Would You Buy a Used Car from These Guys?” New Republic, April 3, 1989; “U.S. Switches Gears, Frees Cuban; He Had Become a Cause Celebre for Right-Wing Expatriates,” San Francisco Chronicle, July 18, 1990; “Choice for High Court May Cast History in a New Light,” St. Petersburg Times, June 25, 2002; Sharon LaFraniere, “S&L Bailout Involved Jeb Bush Partnership; Federal Government Paid $4 Million on an Investment Loan Issued by Florida Thrift,” Washington Post, Oct. 15, 1990; Pamela Constable, “Bush’s Son Gets Political Boost in Miami by Backing Contras,” Boston Globe, Jan. 14, 1987; Robert A. Liff, “Bush Boosts Mar
tinez Coffers in Top Fund-Raiser,” Orlando Sentinel, Oct. 10, 1986; David Hoffman, “Bush Boosts Candidate for Pepper’s House Seat; Aug. 29 Special Election Contest Marked by Intensifying Racial and Ethnic Overtones,” Washington Post, Aug. 17, 1989; Thomas Petzinger Jr., “Jeb Bush’s Presidential Handle Appears to Prime the Pump Business in World-Wide Markets,” Wall Street Journal, April 21, 1992; Adam C. Smith, “Some Say Probe Tests Ties to GOP Backer,” St. Petersburg Times, July 18, 1999, “U.S. Drops Criminal Inquiry of Pump Company,” St. Petersburg Times, March 16, 2002, and “Ex-partner of Jeb Bush Hid Assets Abroad, U.S. Says,” St. Petersburg Times, April 6, 2002; Jonathan Beaty, “Running with a Bad Crowd,” Time, Oct. 1, 1990; Bill Hewitt and Gary Clifford, “Neil Bush Fights to Clear His Famous Name,” People, July 30, 1990; Carl M. Cannon, “Bush Relatives Not Always Vigilant to Avoid Conflict,” Greenwich Time, April 26, 1992; Sharon LaFraniere, “Naivete and the Family Name; Denver Opened Doors to Neophyte Businessman Neil Bush,” Washington Post, July 29, 1990; Thomas Petzinger Jr. and Edward T. Pound, “Bush Sons Jeb and Neil Have Walked a Fine Line Between Business Career, Exploitation of Name,” Wall Street Journal, Oct. 23, 1992; Kathleen Day, “Ex-regulator: Silverado Closing Was Delayed,” Washington Post, June 20, 1990; Michael Duffy, “‘I Worried About the Impact on Dad’; Neil Bush Defends His Role in the Silverado Collapse,” Time, July 23, 1990; George Williamson, “Ethics Expert at Hearing Blasts Neil Bush’s Actions with S&L,” San Francisco Chronicle, Sept. 27, 1990; Steven Wilmsen, “The Corruption of Neil Bush,” Playboy, June 1991; Joan Lowy, “Neil Bush Cut Sweet Oil Deal Report: Small Investment Yielded Big Salary for Bush, but Federal Funding Was Legal,” Rocky Mountain News, May 3, 1991; “Tennis Tourney Dumps Neil Bush,” Rocky Mountain News, May 30, 1991; “Neil Bush Goes Public with House,” Rocky Mountain News, July 16, 1991; Michelle Schneider, “Neil Bush Tunes into Cable TV Job in Houston,” Rocky Mountain News, July 17, 1991; Marcy Gordon, “Neil Bush’s New Boss Says He Will Continue Fight for Cable Industry,” Associated Press, July 18, 1991; Jill Abramson and Peter Truell, “Other Bush Relatives Also Engaged in Various Business Dealings Abroad,” Wall Street Journal, Dec. 6, 1991; Mimi Schwartz, “Cast Away,” Texas Monthly, May 2004; Joshua Micha Marshall, “Presidential Brother Watch,” salon.com, April 12, 2002; Mure Dickie, “First Big Deal for Grace Semiconductor,” Financial Times, Dec. 8, 2003; Khalil Hanware and K. S. Ramkumar, “Win American Hearts Through Sustained Lobbying: Neil Bush,” Arab News, Jan. 23, 2002; “Baker Rejects Clinton Charge of Encouraging Anti-Semitism,” San Francisco Chronicle, April 2, 1992; Tom Hundley, “Baker Flap Draws Anger from Many in Israel—Alleged Remark Rekindles Anti-Semitism Debate,” Seattle Times, March 16, 1992; William Safire, “Bureaucratic Elephants Battle over Israeli Policy,” San Francisco Chronicle, March 20, 1992; Cragg Hines, “As Operative for His Father, Loyalty Was the Foremost Watchword,” Houston Chronicle, May 8, 1994; Jonathan Beaty, “A Mysterious Mover of Planes and Money,” Time, Oct. 28, 1991; John Mecklin, “The Tangled Path to a Response,” SF Weekly, Sept. 19, 2001; Paul Alexander, “All Hat, No Cattle,” Rolling Stone, Aug. 5, 1999; George Lardner Jr. and Lois Romano, “The Turning Point; After Coming Up Dry, Financial Rescues,” Washington Post, July 30, 1999; “The Right Price of Oil,” New York Times, April 11, 1986; Robert Reinhold, “In Troubled Oil Business, It Matters Little If Your Name Is Bush, Sons Find,” New York Times, April 28, 1986; Richard Behar, “The Wackiest Rig in Texas,” Time, Oct. 28, 1991.
Interviews: Stephen Maitland-Lewis, July 10, 2001, and correspondence, July 13 and 16, 2001, Jan. 14, 2002, Dec. 17, 2002, and Dec. 28 and 29, 2003; confidential source, March 28, 2003; John Claiborne Davis, Jan. 24, 2002; Howard Means, Jan. 17, 2002; Bob Gardner, June 18, 2003; correspondence with Peter Gethers, Nov. 25, 2001; Robert Whitt, Oct. 3, 9, and 22, 2001; Ina Schnell, Nov. 13, 2003.
CHAPTER 21
Records: “Final Report of the Independent Counsel for Iran/Contra Matters, Vol. I, August 4, 1993”; 1988 campaign pamphlet, “George Bush. The one candidate who has proven his commitment to the Jewish people”; “George H.W. Bush’s Acceptance Speech at the Republican National Convention—August 18, 1988,” bushlibrary.tamu.edu/research/pdfs/rnc.pdf.
Books: Geraldine A. Ferraro with Linda Bird Francke, Ferraro, My Story (New York: Bantam Books, 1985); Sidney Zion, The Autobiography of Roy Cohn (Secaucus, N.J.: Lyle Stuart, 1988); Richard Ben Cramer, What It Takes (New York: Vintage Books, 1993); Marlin Fitzwater, Call the Briefing! (New York: Times Books, 1995); Peter Schweizer and Rochelle Schweizer, The Bushes (New York: Doubleday, 2004); Donald T. Regan, For the Record (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1988); Bill Minutaglio, First Son (New York: Times Books, 1999); John Brady, Bad Boy (Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1997); George Bush letter to Robert Mosbacher, Feb. 14, 1985, letters to Dorothy Bush, Dec. 16, 1986, and Jan. 11, 1987, in George Bush, All the Best, George Bush (New York: Touchstone, 1999); George Bush with Victor Gold, Looking Forward (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1987); Ronald Reagan, An American Life (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1990); Barbara Bush, Barbara Bush: A Memoir (New York: St. Martin’s Paperbacks, 1995); Donnie Radcliffe, Simply Barbara Bush (New York: Warner Books, 1989); George W. Bush, A Charge to Keep (New York; William Morrow, 1999); George Bush with Doug Wead, Man of Integrity (Eugene, Oreg.: Harvest House Publishers, 1988); Jeffrey Eugenides, Middlesex (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2002); Herbert S. Parmet, George Bush: The Life of a Lone Star Yankee (New York: Scribner, 1997).
Articles: Amy Wilentz, “Bygones; Let Us Now Praise Old Enemies,” Time, Dec. 23, 1985; Aaron Epstein, “Bush Pays Tribute to Late Rightist Foe, Publisher William Loeb,” Houston Chronicle, Dec. 15, 1985; John Robinson, “For Nancy Ellis, a New Role as the President’s Sister,” Boston Globe, Jan. 18, 1989; Charles Trueheart, “Bush’s Day of Higher Service,” Washington Post, Jan. 28, 1988; Garry Trudeau, “How will history judge the Bush hours?” Doonesbury, Aug. 10, 1985; George de Lama, “Bush’s ‘Administration’ Passed Without a Sound,” Chicago Tribune, July 16, 1985; David Remnick, “Why Is Lee Atwater So Hungry?” Esquire, Dec. 1986; William Greider, “The Bush Question: Is Anybody Home?” Rolling Stone, Sept. 22, 1988, and “Bush and Dukakis both Deserve to Lose,” Rolling Stone, Nov. 3, 1988; Brian Duffy, “Guess Who’s in the Loop? New Questions About George Bush’s Iran-Contra Story,” U.S. News & World Report, Oct. 5, 1992; Cragg Hines, “Politics, Poignancy Mix During Bush Auschwitz Visit,” Houston Chronicle, Sept. 30, 1987, “Bush Battles ‘Politics’ Label on Europe Trip, but Not Aide,” Houston Chronicle, Oct. 4, 1987, and “Thorny Issue of Abortion Plagues GOP Politics; Bush Stance Took Sharp Turn in 1980,” Houston Chronicle, Aug. 10, 1992; Walter V. Robinson, “With Nazi Camp Tour, Bush Ends Polish Trip,” Boston Globe, Sept. 30, 1987; “Vice President Tours Concentration Camps on Last Day of Visit to Poland,” Associated Press, Sept. 30, 1987; “End of 4-Day Trip to Poland; Bush’s Emotional Tour of Auschwitz,” San Francisco Chronicle, Sept. 30, 1987; David Lee Preston, “Fired Bush Backer One of Several with Possible Nazi Link,” Philadelphia Inquirer, Sept. 10, 1988; Chris Black, “Report Says Emigres with Nazi Ties Form GOP Unit,” Boston Globe, Sept. 15, 1988; David Hoffman, “Bush Associate Resigns After Disclosure on BLS; Malek Tallied Jews for Nixon Administration,” Washington Post, Sept. 12, 1988; Paul Alexander, “All Hat, No Cattle,” Rolling Stone, Aug. 5, 1999; Lois Romano and George Lardner Jr., “Moving Up to the Major Leagues; Father’s Campaign, Baseball Provide Foundation for Own Run,” Washington Post, July 31, 1999, and “A Run for the House; Courting a Wife, Then the Voters,” Washington Post, July 29, 1999; Michael Duffy and Nancy Gibbs, “The Quiet Dynasty,” Time, Aug. 7, 2000; transcript, Frontline interview with Jim Pinkerton, 2000, from pbs.org (Aug. 6, 2001); Nicholas D. Kristof, “For Bush, Thrill Was in Father’s Chase,” New York Times, Aug. 29, 2000; Margaret Warner, “Bush Battles the ‘Wimp’ Factor,” Newsweek, Oct. 19, 1987; Robert Parry, “Bush Family Politics,” consortiumnews.com, Oct. 5, 1999; transcript, Larry King Live, CNN, Oct. 12, 1987; Bob Minzesheime
r, “Bush Strikes Back,” USA Today, Oct. 27, 1987; Jane Podesta, “Playing to Win,” People, Aug. 22, 1988; Lori Stahl and Diane Jennings, “Bush Family, Friends Say His Sincerity Outshines Image Honed for Contest,” Dallas Morning News, Nov. 13, 1994; Sidney Blumenthal, “The Sensitive Son,” New Republic, Oct. 8, 1990; Maureen Dowd, “Making and Remaking a Political Identity: George Herbert Walker Bush,” New York Times, Aug. 20, 1992; Allan Wolper and Al Ellenbert, “The Day Bush Bailed Out,” New York Post, Aug. 12, 1988; Gail Sheehy, “Beating Around the Bush,” Vanity Fair, Sept. 1988; Lou Cannon, “Bush Wins the Boss’ Respect,” Washington Post, Feb. 1, 1988; Jessica Lee, “Bush Supporters Deny His ‘Macho’ Stand Was Planned,” USA Today, Jan. 27, 1988; Herblock and Mike Royko, “Perspectives,” Newsweek, Feb. 8, 1988; “In Search of Stature,” Time cover, Aug. 22, 1988; Marjorie Williams, “Reagan, Once Over Lightly for Bush; A Restrained Endorsement at Party Fundraiser,” Washington Post, May 12, 1988; “Bush Sees Kin as ‘the Little Brown Ones,’” Washington Post, Aug. 17, 1988; Brock Brower, “Captain Enigma: Can George Bush Lead the Nation?” Life, May 1988; David Hoffman, “A Day of Damage Control; Bush Team Hunts Facts, Holds Discipline,” Washington Post, Aug. 19, 1988; transcript, “The Bentsen-Quayle Vice Presidential Debate,” Oct. 5, 1988, www.debates.org; Ken Hoover, “Former CIA Agents Urge Bush’s Defeat,” UPI, Nov. 4, 1988; Jonathan Kaufman, “Bush Ads Draw Charges of Racism; Some Say It’s Just Politics,” Boston Globe, Oct. 23, 1988; Jake Tapper, “The Willie Horton Alumni Association,” ssalon.com, Aug. 25, 2000; “Silver-Footed Olive Branch,” Washington Post, Dec. 4, 1988; Timothy Noah, “Old Bland-Dad: Meet Poppy’s Poppa,” New Republic, April 3, 1989.