see also American Revolution; French and Indian War; French Revolution; War of the French Revolution
Franchise (ship)
Franco-American Treaties of Alliance and Amity and Commerce of
Adams’ view of
American abrogation of
and American victories against British
Britain and
first proposals (1776)
Franklin’s pledge to honor
Louis XVI agreement
peace envoys and nonrenewal of
provisions
ratification
Franco-American Treaty of Amity and Commerce of
Franklin, Benjamin
abolitionism
Adams and. See Adams (John)—Franklin relationship
and Albany Plan
and American Philosophical Society
and Articles of Confederation
autobiography
and British commerce treaty commission
British hatred of
and “Ca Ira” statement
celebrity in France
as colonial agent to Britain
on common cold
condemned as deist
death and funeral
on death penalty
Duane’s admiration for
egalitarianism of
“electrical conductor” symbolism
on enfeebling illness
epitaph
on equal rights
on ethnic diversity
family, (see also Bache headings)
on family’s importance
as father of American liberty
as father of French Constitution of
on Federal Constitution adoption
and Federal Constitutional Convention
on Federal Constitution provisions
Federalist press attacks on
on free thought
French adulation of
on French alliance importance
on French Assembly of Notables convening
French friendships
French mourning of
on French Revolution
and grandson. See Bache, Benjamin Franklin
health problems
historical impact of
on human rights
on impartial press, xiii
Jefferson’s admiration for
“ladies’ man” reputation
Latin epigram honoring
legacy of
Logan relationship
mob vandalism of statue of
Paine relationship
as Pennsylvania Assembly president
and Pennsylvania Constitution
Pennsylvania Gazette co-ownership
on people as source of governmental power
persona of
Poor Richard’s Almanacks
“Poor Richard” sobriquet
return to America (1785)
“rising sun” quote
scientific studies
Society for Political Enquiries
on spread of liberty
toasts to
Voltaire encounter
Washington and
on Washington’s hereditary society
see also under executive power; unicameralism
Franklin, Benjamin (American Revolutionary era)
British negotiations
commission to France
and Declaration of Independence
foreign aid campaigns
French aid solicitations
and French-British war
on French household
French treaty achievement
letter flattering Washington
meeting with Howe
Franklin, Deborah Read (BF’s wife)
Franklin, “Frank” (BF’s son)
Franklin, Sarah (BF’s daughter). See Bache, Sarah Franklin
Franklin, William Temple (BFB’s cousin)
freedoms. See Bill of Rights; specific freedoms
Freemasons
French Academy of Sciences
French and Indian War
French Assembly of Notables
French Constituent Assembly
French Directory. See Directory, French
French emigrés
American Revolution and
forced return to France (1798)
Philadelphia mob threats to
French Legislative Assembly
French National Assembly
French National Convention
French Revolution
abolishment of titles
Adams’ view of
American reactions to
American Revolution and
Aurora’s support for
Bastille seizure
“$CLa Ira” song
Constituent Assembly measures
Declaration of the Rights of Man
Duane history of
events leading to
execution of Louis XVI
fears inspired by
Federalist attacks on sympathizers
Federalist press on failure of
first days of
Franklin as inspiration for
Franklin on
Jefferson and
Lafayette command
La Rochefoucauld on
mob violence
Paine and
“Publicola” criticism of
Reign of Terror
tricolor cockade
see also War of the French Revolution
Fries, John
conviction
death penalty
presidential reprieve
Fries’ Rebellion
Frothingham, David
Gabriel (slave)
Gage, Thomas
Gallagher, James, Jr.
Gallatin, Albert
Cobbett’s mockery of
as House Republican leader
as object of Alien and Sedition Act
opposition to Alien and Sedition Acts
opposition to provisional army
on publication of Alien and Sedition Acts
and Reading (Pa.) reception
and war buildup movement
Ganges (ship)
Gano, Samuel
Garrigues, Edward
Gates, Horatio
as Board of War president
Burgoyne surrender to
Camden defeat
Northern Army command
and Southern Army
Washington and
Gazette of the United States
as anti-immigrant
as anti-Semitic
continuance of
continuance of publication
“Discourses on Davila” articles
Fenno death and successor
Fenno (Jack Ward) control relinquishment
Fenno (Jack Ward) farewell editorial
Fenno (Jack Ward) on sale of
first issue
front page
incendiary song on Bache and Franklin
“Publicola” articles
as quasi-official Federalist newspaper
sale offer
warning to women in politics
Wayne ownership
see also Fenno, John; Fenno, John Ward; Wayne, Caleb Barry
Geddes, Henry
General Greene (ship)
Genět, Edmond
George (ship)
George III, king of Great Britain
Adams presented to
and American peace negotiations
British right to criticize
Cobbett’s support for
colonial grievances petition
and war to crush French Revolution
Gérard de Rayvenal, Conrad-Alexandre
and American-British peace negotiations
on American pro-British faction
Germain, George
German immigrants
as Democratic-Republicans
and Fries’ rebellion
and gubernatorial election
Germantown, Battle of
Gerry, Elbridge
Gifford, John
Giles, William B.
Gordon, Robert
Gordon, William
Gossin, Jacob
Grand Jurors (Pa.)
Grasse, François Joseph, Comte de
Graves, Thomas
Great Britain
Adams as first ambassador to. See Adams, John
Adams’ sympathies with
American colonial policies
American commerce treaty commission
charged with influencing American politics
charged with influencing American press
and Franco-American Treaty of Amity and Commerce
Franklin Autobiography suppressed in
on Franklin as father of American independence
freedom of speech provision
impressment
Irish and Scottish emigrants
and Jay Treaty
mercantilism
Paine conviction in absentia
War of
Washington favoring
see also American Revolution; French and Indian War; Irish Revolt; privateering; War of the French Revolution
Great Britain (governmental structure)
Adams’ praise for
bicameral legislature
Federalist press championship of
Franklin’s criticism of
Hamilton’s praise for
Paine’s criticism of
see also Constitution, British
Green, Ashbel
Greene, Nathanael
Greenleaf, Ann
Greenleaf, Thomas
Gregg, Andrew
Grenadiers
Griffiths, Elijah
Griffitts, Samuel P.
Griswold, Roger
Guilford Courthouse, Battle of
“Hail Columbia” (song)
Hamilton, Alexander
on Adams
adultery confession
on aliens as threat
and army
on Aurora
Callender’s exposés of
Federalist papers and
Federalist press defense of
and French war buildup
on Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
libel prosecution of Argus
as monarchist
and New York election results
and treasury certificate irregularities
and War Office fire
and Washington’s Farewell Address
and Washington’s military command
Wolcott correspondence
and XYZ affair
Hamilton, Betsy
Hamilton, James
Hancock, John
Harper, Robert Goodloe
Harrison, Carter B.
Harrison, Richard
Harrison, Robert
Hartley, David
Harvard College
Haswell, Anthony
Heath, John
Heister, John
Heister, John, Jr.
Henry, Judge
Henry, Patrick
hereditary offices
Adams on
Franklin opposition
French Revolution abolishment
Hamilton on
Jay on
Jefferson opposition
Paine opposition
Washington’s Society of Cincinnati and
see also monarchism
Heron, Lankford
Hewson, Elizabeth (“Liz”)
Hewson, Mary (“Polly”)
Hibernian Society
Highlander (ship)
“His Rotundity.” See Adams, John
History of France with the History of the Revolution to the close of 1796 (Gifford and Duane)
History of General Washington by Mr. Scott
History of the Life and Death, Virtues and Exploits of General George Washington, A (Weems)
History of the United States for 1796 (Callender)
Hobarton, Judge
Hoffman, Josiah O.
Holt, Charles
Hood, Sir Samuel
Hopkinson, Joseph
Adams’ federal post for
“Hail Columbia” anthem
as seditious libel trial prosecutor
Horsefield, Joseph
Hortalez, Roderique
House of Commons, British
monarch’s inability to reverse acts of
House of Lords, British
House of Representatives, Massachusetts
House of Representatives, U.S.
and Adams’ envoys to France
adjournment
chambers described
Committee of Privileges
and declaration of war
Federalist majority
floor attack on Aurora
floor fracas
members’ terms of office
memorials against arming merchant ships
mourning badge for Franklin’s death
and naturalization of foreigners
and Navy Department
Otis’ “Wild Irish” speech
petitions against standing armies
and Quaker peace petition
on relations with France
as republican government form
Republican members abandonment of
Republican members remaining in
on seditious practices
and Senate bill for deciding disputed presidential elections
Speaker’s powers
Speaker’s press censorship
and war buildup
see also Alien and Sedition Acts; congressional—presidential relations
Howard, John
Howe, Richard
Howe, William
on importance of French aid to Americans
and Philadelphia campaign
resignation
human rights
Jefferson vs. Adams on source of
Pennsylvania state declaration of
Humbert, Joseph Amable
Humphreys, Abel
Humphreys, Clement (son)
and physical assault on Bache
as presidential dispatch-carrier to France
Humphreys, Joshua (father)
Humphreys shipyard
Huntington, Samuel
immigrants
Adams on superiority of English ancestry
as affecting Pennsylvania gubernatorial contest
and extradition moves
Federalist hostility toward
Franklin on ethnic diversity benefits
as internal security threat
naturalization requirements stiffened
proposed antinaturalization laws
universal male suffrage and
see also Alien and Sedition Acts; specific nationalities
impressment
independence, American
Adams (Abigail) qualms
Adams’ moves toward
as central to British peace treaty
Paine as catalyst
peace treaty recognition of
resolution declaring
Washington on
Independence Day (July 4)
1798 observances
1799 observances
1800 observances
indirect elections
arguments for
see also Electoral College; Senate
Insurgent (ship)
insurrection
federal court definition of
see also Fries’ Rebellion; Irish Revolt; Shays’ Rebellion; slave rebellion
Irdell, James
Irish immigrants
as Alien Act target
as American army mercenaries
Aurora address thanking
Federalist press attacks on
Franklin on numbers of
and Pennsylvania gubernatorial contest
p
etition against Alien and Sedition Acts
public sentiment against
St. Patrick’s Day celebrations
see also Tammany Society; United Irishmen
Irish Revolt
American Revolution compared with
Cornwallis and
Federalist press on
French aid
Tone court martial
treatment of defeated insurgents
Israel, Israel
Izard, Ralph
Jackson, Andrew
Jaloux (ship)
Jay, John
on Adams’ view of constitutions
and American Revolution
on bicameralism
and British commerce treaty commission
and Federalist papers
as foreign affairs secretary
rejection of Hamilton New York electors plan
Jay Treaty (1795)
Aurora’s “scoop” publication
French grievances and
Paine on problems with
provisions
Republican opponents
Washington’s signing of
Jefferson, Thomas
and American Philosophical Society
as Aurora supporter
Bache relationship
called “atheist,”
called “deist,”
and Callender’s History of the United States
cowardice indications
on Franklin’s accomplishments
on Franklin’s characterization of Adams
on Franklin’s death
Mazzei correspondence
as object of slander
on Paine’s Rights of Man
as “politically cold and reserved,”
“reign of witches” statement
and slave emancipation
toasts to
as “unpretentious,”
writing skill
Jefferson, Thomas (as ambassador to France)
on eruption of French Revolution
on French debt
and French Rights of Man declaration
Jefferson, Thomas (American Revolutionary era)
on British burning of Richmond
as British commerce treaty commissioner
and British peace commission
as Continental Congress delegate
Declaration of Independence
as governor of Virginia
refusals to cross Atlantic
Jefferson, Thomas (political views)
on American republicanism’s ultimate triumph
on bill of rights necessity
on church-state separation
on constitutional misinterpretation
on Federalist moves toward monarchism
on freedom of thought and press
on inefficiency of constitutional guards
on line separating Adams’ and Hamilton’s outlook on government
on meaning of republican government
on presidential titles
on religious freedom
on return to true principles
statement of
on unicameralism
on universal suffrage
Jefferson, Thomas (as President)
election celebrations
Inaugural Address
Louisiana Purchase
meeting with Adams
Paine and Duane as associates
republican principles
Sedition Act nullification/pardons
two-term administration
American Aurora Page 132