REFERENCES
Coleman, Loren, and Patrick Huyghe. 2003. The field guide to lake monsters, sea serpents, and other mystery denizens of the deep. New York: J. P. Tarcher.
Fredricks, Grant. 2005. Quoted in Lake Monsters: Is It Real? series. National Geographic Television, August 20.
Gaal, Arlene. 1986. Ogopogo: The true story of the Okanagan Lake million dollar monster. Surrey, B.C.: Hancock House.
Figure A.6 Surveryor’s map used in the experiment involving the Folden film of Ogopogo. (Prepared by surveyors Runnalls Denby. Kelowna, B.C.)
Index
Academy of Applied Science
Africa
African goliath frog
Alien Animals (Bord and Bord)
Alkali Lake, Nebr.
Allison, Susan
All Wet Aquatics
American eel
America’s Loch Ness Monster (Discovery Channel documentary)
Anderson, Lyall
angels
Anguilla rostrata
antlers; as hoax monster tooth
April Fool’s Day
Argentina
Associated Press
attacks/killing, by monsters; “Lukwata,” of Lake Victoria, Africa; N’ha-a-itk/Ogopogo; “Wenbo,” of Tibet
“Auli,” of Africa
Aylmer, Lake, Quebec
Bala, Lake, North Wales
“bandwagon effect,” of sightings
increased by publicity
“Bangles fallacy,” of mistaking art for reality
“banjo-playing water-being from
Hindustan” (Ogopogo song)
Barnum, P. T., and “Champ,”
Barr, Robert
Barrie, Ontario
Bartholomew, Paul
Bartholomew, Robert
basilisks
basilosaurus
Bates, Mrs. (witness of Lake George “monster”)
Bates, Mrs. (witness of “real” Lake George monster)
beavers; at Lake Okanagan; at Lake
Simcoe, Ontario; at Lake
Utopia, New Brunswick;
“Memphre” mistaken for, Fig. 3.3; at Silver Lake
Beaverton, Ontario, Canada
“Beaverton Bessie,”. See also
“Igopogo,” of Lake Simcoe
Beebe, David
bellows, allegedly used for Silver Lake
serpent hoax, Fig. 4.3
Beluaaquatica champlainiensis. See
“Champ” of Lake Champlain
beluga whales
Beothuk Indians
Beothuk Trail Tourism Committee
Bermuda Blob
Bible
Bigfoot
Bigfoot Exposed (Daegling)
Binns, Ronald: and dolphins, as
mistaken sighting; and Loch
Ness Monster
biosonar
Bizarre Beliefs (Hoggart and Hutchinson)
Blackman, W. Haden; and
“Champ,” and Ogopogo
“blobsters,”
Bluebird Bay Resort Motel, Kelowna, B.C.
boat wakes, mistaken for monsters
Boese, Alex
“bogeyman” method of social control
Boisvert, Jacques
Bolton, Richard E.
Bonavista, Newfoundland
Bondura, Darryl
Bord, Colin
Bord, Janet
Bowen, Dafydd
Bragg, Russell
breeding, lack of evidence of multiple monsters for
Brewer, Jacqueline
Brimblecombe, W. H.
Bristol, Vt.
British Broadcasting Corporation
(BBC), Loch Ness monster
sponsored search
British Columbia; lakes with
monsters. See also Ogopogo;
Okanagan, Lake
British Columbia Scientific
Cryptozoology Club
Brown, Arch
Brunnen, Switzerland
Buckland, Frank
Buffalo Commercial
Bull, John
bullfrog, giant, Fig. 8.1
Bulwagga Bay, Lake Champlain
Burchfiel, Kurt
Burlington, Vt.
Burlington Free Press
Burton, Andrew
Burton, Helen Brown
Button Bay State Park
Caledonian
cameleopards, Fig I.2
Cameroon
Campbell, Alexander
Canadian Conservation Institute
“Capt. Crum,”
Cartwright Bay, Lake Ontario
Cedergren, Magnus
centaurs
cereology
cetaceans. See also whales
Chad
Champ: Beyond the Legend (Zarzynski)
Champ Day celebration
Champlain, Lake; age of; beluga whales possibly in; biosonar heard in; expedition to; geology of; heavily wooded shore of, Fig. 2.11; hydrography of; map of, Fig. 2.1; “Narrows, The,” ; and seiche (underwater wave); shallowness of parts of; sturgeon in; tourism industry; as Vermont’s largest lake
Champlain, Samuel de
Champlain Bridge
“Champ” of Lake Champlain,; babies; conclusions, after investigation; and culture of area; deafness of Mansi’s sighting of; description; Discovery Channel documentary of (2003); distances viewed from; expedition to investigate, Fig. 2.2, Fig 2.10, Fig. 2.11; feeding fish, as mistaken sighting of; horns and antlers of; Indian lore associated with; lack of photographs after Mansi photo; lack of skeletal evidence of; merchandising from; misreporting about; mistaken sightings; numbers of sightings over time; photographs, Fig. 2.5; as plesiosaur, Fig. 2.8,; recent sightings and theories; sightings, Fig. 2.3; spike in sightings, after publication of Mansi photograph; sturgeon, as mistakes for; supposed capturing and eating of; tracing from enlargement of Mansi photograph, Fig. 2.7; videotape of, . See also Mansi photograph of “Champ”
Champ Quest
Champ Quest: The Ultimate Search
(Hall)
Champ sighting signboard, Fig. 2.5.
Chaplin, Ken
Chaplin video, of Ogopogo
Chicago Times
Chilean blob
China
Chinese Nessie
Chorvinski, Mark
Citro, Joseph A.
Clark, Cumberland
Clark, Jerome
Clayton, Jerry
Coleman, Fred B.
Coleman, Loren; and “Champ,”; and Mansi photograph of “Champ,”; and Ogopogo
“Coleman frog,” Fig. 8.1; authenticity of
Collier’s Encyclopedia
Collins, Michael J.
Collins, Rita
Collins Cabins, Port Henry, N.Y.
Colombo, John Robert
Columba, St.
Columbus, Christopher
Congo
Conraua goliath
Cosmographia Universalis (Munster)
Costello, Peter,
Crane, E. R
Creek Indians
Crescent, Lake, Figs. 5.1–5.2, Figs. 5.4–5.5
Crescent Elementary School
“Cressie” of Lake Crescent, Fig. 5.2, Fig. 5.5, conclusion, after investigation; description, Fig. 5.3; as giant eel; lack of photographs of; lack of skeletal evidence of; sightings, Fig. 5.4
Cressie’s Castle
crocodiles
crop circles
Crown Point, N.Y.
Crum, Captain
cryptids
cryptozoologists; and “Igopogo,” of Lake Simcoe; and Mansi photograph of “Champ,”; and Ogopogo cryptozoology; importance of evidence in
Cryptozoology A to Z: The Encyclopedia of Lake Monsters, Sasquatch, Chupacabras, and Other Authentic Mysteries of Nature (Coleman)
Crystal Lake
cursed places
Curtis, G. Smith
Cusick, David
Daegling, Dave
Daily Mail
/> Daily News
Daily Planet (Discovery Canada TV program)
Dakatua, Lake, New Britain
Dash, Mike
Davis, Mr. (witness of Lake George “monster”)
deer, swimming
Deffenbacher, K.
DeMara, Paul
DeMara Video (of Ogopogo)
Department of Environmental
Conservation
Department of Oceanography, University of British Columbia
“Devil’s Hole” cave, Niagara Falls
dinosaur
Dinsdale, Tim
Discover magazine
Discovery Canada TV
Discovery Channel
divers investigating monsters, Fig. 7.2
djinn
Dockstader, Noel
dolphins
Douglass, Harry S.
dragons; winged dragons
driftwood; as
“Champ,” Fig. 2.9, Fig. 2.13; hydrographic explanation of driftwood rising and falling, . See also logs, as mistaken monsters
ducks
Dungeon, The, Bonavista, Newfoundland, Fig. 7.7
ears
Eberhart, George M.
eels
Ellis, Bill
Encyclopedia Britannica
England
Enlightenment
Erie, Lake
Ethiopia
evidence, of lake monsters; breeding, lack of multiple monsters for; historical evidence; importance of, for cryptozoologists; from Indian lore; lack of, for “Champ,”; lack of, for “Cressie,” lack of, for Loch Ness monster; lack of, for Ogopogo; lack of, for “Selma,”; lack of skeletal; Mansi photograph of “Champ,” lack of in; petroglyphs; powder horn with dragon, of “Champ,”; sonar evidence; sonar evidence of “Champ,”. See also eyewitness testimony; individual films/videos’, photographs; scientific investigations of lake monsters; sightings of monsters; videotape
expectant attention
extinct animals
extraterrestrials
eyewitness testimony; confidence, as element of; errors of; fallibility of; “file drawer effect,”; importance of details given by; interviewing eyewitnesses; and overestimation of size; psychological literature about. See also mistaken sightings; sightings of monsters
fairies
Fate magazine
Fauna Communications Research
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), video specialist
Ferrand, John, Jr.
ferries: across Lake Champlain; across Lake Okanagan
Field Guide to Lake Monsters, Sea Serpents, and Other Mystery Denizens of the Deep, The (Coleman)
Field Guide to North American
Monsters (Blackman)
Fielding, Todd
“file drawer effect
film artifact, giving mistaken “neck” of monster
fins; on “Champ,”; on “Cressie,”; on Lake George “monster,” Fig. 6.4; on Loch Ness Monster; on “Storsjoe,” of Lake Storsjoen, Sweden
fish, as mistaken sighting
flippers, Fig. 1.4
Folden, Arthur
Folden Film (of Ogopogo); analysis; distances viewed from, Fig. A.6; experiment to emulate, Fig. A.6
folklore; about Ogopogo; creatures of; Indian lore
Forrest, Tom
Fort Cassin, Lake Champlain
Fortean Times
fossils, hoaxes of
Foster, Peter
Fredericks, Grant
Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
Frieden, B. Roy
Fromm, Garfield
Furlow, Herbert M.
Gaal, Arlene; and depth of Lake Okanagan; and Ogopogo legends; and Ogopogo sighting analysis; and Ogopogo sightings
Gagnon, Claude
Ganassin, Celeste
Ganoidei fish
garfish
Gatschet, Albert S.
Gaudet, Sam
geese
genies
Genoni, Tom
“Gentle Memphrie” (song)
George, Lake
Gesner, Conrad
giant eels
giant squid, Fig. I.3
Gillett, Truman S.
giraffes,Fig. I.2
“globsters,”
Godin, Alfred J.
Gould, Rupert T. Fig. 7.5
Grand Okanagan Lakefront Resort
Grant, John
Gray, Hugh
Great Glen fault
Great Lakes
Great Sea Serpent, The (Oudemans)
Green, Susan
Greenwell, J. Richard
Grishkot, Joann
Grishkot, Walter, Fig. 6.1
Guinness Book of Records, The
Haggett, Robert
Hague Bay, N.Y.
Hague Community Center
Hague-on-Lake, Lake George
Hall, Dennis Jay
harpies
Hay Springs, Nebr.
Henry, Ginger
Hero Island, Lake Champlain
Herrington Lake, Kentucky
Hewlett, Ray
Himalayas
hippogriff
hippopotamus, as hoax for monster
Histoire dune bonne bouffel
Historia Animalium (Gesner)
History of Northwestern New York
hoaxes; bellows
allegedly used for Silver Lake
serpent hoax, Fig. 4.3; fake photos; fossils; hippopotamus, as hoax for monster; “Kingstie,” Lake Ontario; Lake George “monster,”; Loch Ness monster, Fig. I.3; Mansi photograph of “Champ,” possibility of; monster teeth; newspaper hoaxes; publicity stunts; Silver Lake serpent, Fig. 4.3; “Urnie,” of Lake Urner
Hoggart, Simon
Hog Island, Lake Champlain
Hollowell, Laura
horned reptiles: and aboriginal rites; Alkali Lake monster; horned serpents; horned snake; killing people/livestock; in Lake Van, Turkey; stench of; widespread tradition of, in the West
horns
“Humbug” Islands, Lake Erie
humps; “Champ” of Lake Champlain; Loch Ness monster; as multiple fish/otters; Ogopogo
hunting accident, as example of eyewitness mistakes
Hutchinson, Mike
Huyghe, Patrick
hydrography
Iceland
“Igopogo,” of Lake Simcoe;
description
Ikedo-ko, Lake, Japan
In Search of Lake Monsters (Costello)
In Search of Ogopogo (Gaal)
“Interim Report” (Frieden)
International Dracontology Society of
Lake Memphremagog
International Society of
Cryptozoology
Inverness Courier
Ireland
Island Harbour House, Lake George
“Issie,” of Lake Ikedo-ko, Japan
Jason and the Argonauts
Jewett, Uriah
“John” (deckhand on Lake Champlain ferry)
Johnson, J. A.
fournal of American Folklore
Kagoshima, Japan
Kalamalka Hotel, B.C.
Katonak, Tom
Keel, John A.
Kellogg, Phil
Kel-Oni-Won
Kelowna, B.C., Fig 7.9
Kelowna Museum
Kempenfelt Bay, Lake Simcoe
“Kempenfelt Kelly,”. See also
“Igopogo,” of Lake Simcoe
Kentucky
Kentucky Encyclopedia, The (Kleber)
Kentucky Lake
Kerr, Ian
Kielar, A.
Killarney Island, Ireland
Killarney Lake, New Brunswick, Canada
Kimiecik, Kathy
“Kingstie,” Lake Ontario
Kirk, John; and “Champ,”; and “Cressie” of Lake Crescent; and Lake Okanagan; and Ogopogo; and Ogopogo sightings
Kleber, John
Kodak Instamatic
Kojo, Yasushi
&nbs
p; kokanee
Kolowisi (Zuni serpent-god)
Kopp, Jon
Koran
kraken. See also giant squid
Kubodera, Tsunemi
Lake Alymer, Quebec
Lake Champlain. See Champlain, Lake
Lake Champlain Phenomena
Investigation (LCPI)
Lake Crescent, Figs. 5.1–5.2, Figs. 5.4–5.5
Lake Crescent Inn
Lake Erie
“Lake Erie Larry,”
Lake George
Lake George Historical Association
Museum
Lake George “monster,” Figs. 6.1–6.2, Fig. 6.4; conclusion, after investigation; description; real sightings
Lake George village
Lake Massawippi
Lake Memphremagog. See
Memphremagog, Lake
Lake Monster Traditions (Meurger and Gagnon)
Lake Okanagan. See Okanagan, Lake
Lake Onondaga
Lake Ontario
Lake Seljordsvatnet, Norway
Lake St. Francois, Quebec
Lake Tahoe, Calif.
Lake Trois-Lacs, Quebec
Lake Utopia
Lake Victoria, Africa
Lake Williams, Quebec
La Legende Restaurant, Magog
Quebec
Lambton, John de
Lambton family
LeBlond, Paul H.
legal protection, of monsters
Legend of Lil Ogie, The (Fromm)
leprechauns
Leurbost, Scotland
Levers, Don
Lewis, Robert
Life magazine
Loch Arkaig, Scotland
Loch Morar, Scotland
Loch Ness, Scotland Fig.I.1; length
Loch Ness monster; deer, swimming, as illusion of; eyewitness description, Fig. I.2; fame of; flippers, Fig. 1.4; hoaxes Fig. 1.3; humps lack of skeletal evidence of; as a log; mistaken sightings; motion picture of; otters, as mistaken sightings of; photographs, Fig. 1.3, Fig. 1.4; as pinniped; as plesiosaur; research dollars spent on; salmon, as producing “monster” effects; seismic activity, causing apparitions of monster; sightings of; underwater searches
Loch Ness Monster, The (Gould)
Loch Ness Mystery Solved, The (Binns)
Loch Ness Story, The (Witchell)
Loftus, E.
logs, as mistaken monsters; “Champ” of Lake Champlain, Figs. A1–A5; hydrographic explanation of logs rising and falling. See also driftwood
London Times
Lord, Thomas Reeves
Lough Leane aquatic monster
Lough Ree, Ireland
Ludington, Mich.
“Lukwata,” of Lake Victoria, Africa
Lutra canadensis
Lutra lutra
Macdonald, John
MacDougall, John
Mackal, Roy P.
Macleans magazine
Magaguadavic River
Magin, Ulrich
Magog, Quebec
Malloy, Barbara
Malvo, John Lee
manatee
manes; of Ogopogo
Mann, William
Lake Monster Mysteries Page 17