by Lynn Keller
Teh, Ian, 222, 224, 226–27, 260n29
Tempest, The (Shakespeare), 59
temporality: of apocalypticism, 98, 107, 115, 127, 129–30; of the pastoral, 107–20. See also future; time
Thomas, Dylan, 90
Thoreau, Henry David, 9, 12
time, 56–57, 224; deep, 34, 47–52, 54–55, 120; geological, 6–7, 27, 34, 48, 130; historical, 129, 130; space compression, 177–78, 195, 198, 200, 203. See also future; temporality
tipping point, 33, 36, 38, 112, 248n16
To See the Earth Before the End of the World (Roberson), 53–60, 104–5, 248n29
tourism, 177, 185, 193–203. See also travel
toxicity, 29, 61–97, 100, 249n12; of coal mining, 50, 223, 225, 230; and dosage, 66, 249n11; and environmental justice, 209; of food, 235, 236; of mercury, 202, 203–7; of nuclear weapons, 204; of plastics, 27–28, 61–97
trade: agreements, 180, 192; global, 6, 137, 174, 196, 240; unions, 221
transcendence: and apocalyptic discourse, 129–30, 133; and the pastoral, 119; Reilly’s critique of, 20–22, 76, 80, 85–86, 253n52
trans-corporeality, 61, 62, 71–73, 87
translation: of animal signs or experience, 28, 136, 138, 139, 142–44, 173; of bark beetle engravings, 141, 142, 162–68; of birdsong, 170, 172; machine, 29, 185–86, 189, 191; of scientific languages, 47–48, 63, 91, 92
Translations from Bark Beetle (Gladding), 142, 162–68, 166, 172, 239
travel, 177, 179, 180, 193–203, 204; airplane, 133; global, 29, 137
trees: and bark beetles, 142, 162–68; biblical, 133; in poetry, 54–55, 115, 176, 212–13, 218
Tsing, Anna, 208
United States, 72, 142, 185–93, 203–7; coal mining in, 200, 221–31, 224; consumption of, 122; ecocriticism in, 9; environmental justice in, 209, 258n5; ideas of wilderness in, 13; living off the grid in, 198, 199; natural gas extraction in, 243; racism in, 211–21
“Unnamed Dragonfly Species” (Spahr), 32, 38–47, 182
urban: areas, 17, 19, 180–82, 211–21, 258n5; dwellers, 19, 177; environments, 14, 29, 168, 210; and the pastoral, 122, 236; poverty, 215–16; redevelopment, 209, 215–16; suburban, 17, 115–16, 216; urbanism, 29, 209; urbanization, 33, 210
“Urban Nature” (Roberson), 180–82
Veldman, Robin Globus, 102, 105
violence, 95, 125, 158–59, 168, 256n40; slow, 41, 66, 91
visual images: in Gander’s poetry, 198–202, 199, 201; in Gladding’s poetry, 142, 166–67, 166; in Nowak’s poetry, 226, 228; in rawlings’s poetry, 149–50, 160, 161; in Reilly’s poetry, 82, 91, 92, 94–95, 97, 134; in Skinner’s poetry, 172–73, 173
Waldrop, Rosemarie, 92
waste, 117, 129, 131, 206, 225; coal, 230; e-, 209; plastic, 64–65, 66, 71, 75, 78, 249n9; reuse of, 82; Styrofoam, 96
water, 241–44; as animate, 146; clean, 110, 114, 209, 230; endocrine-disrupting chemicals in, 65; overuse of, 189; pollution of, 117, 130–31, 223, 225, 235
watershed, 15, 175–77, 243. See also bioregionalism
Watt, James, 4, 251n30
weather, 108, 120, 231. See also climate change
Well Then There Now (Spahr), 27, 29, 39–47, 182–93, 240, 248n22
Wenzel, Jennifer, 208, 259n5
Western cultures, 69, 97, 103; and apocalyptic discourse, 125, 127; and colonialism, 190, 191; and ideas of nature, 9, 15; and levels of consumption, 37; and nonhuman animals, 145, 147, 149, 150, 162, 168; and place, 174, 178, 180, 196, 198
Westra, Laura, 234
West Virginia: coal mining in, 50, 222–25, 227–28, 230–31; natural gas extraction in, 243
“Whiteness of the Foam, The” (Reilly), 87, 95–96
Wide Slumber for Lepidopterists (rawlings), 143, 144, 148–62, 151, 152, 161, 163, 255–56nn38–40
wilderness, 13–14, 133, 181, 210, 211
Williams, Raymond, 9, 79, 236
Williams, Roger, 92
“Wing / Span / Screw / Cluster (Aves)” (Reilly), 19–24, 76, 80, 85
woodpecker, ivory-billed, 171
Woods, Derek, 34, 36–38
Wordsworth, William, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16
World Wide Web, 40, 77, 94, 250n20. See also Internet
Worster, Donald, 31–32, 34, 39, 48, 52
RECENT BOOKS IN THE SERIES UNDER THE SIGN OF NATURE: EXPLORATIONS IN ECOCRITICISM
Kate Rigby • Topographies of the Sacred: The Poetics of Place in European Romanticism
Alan Williamson • Westernness: A Meditation
John Elder • Pilgrimage to Vallombrosa: From Vermont to Italy in the Footsteps of George Perkins Marsh
Mary Ellen Bellanca • Daybooks of Discovery: Nature Diaries in Britain, 1770–1870
Rinda West • Out of the Shadow: Ecopsychology, Story, and Encounters with the Land
Bonnie Roos and Alex Hunt, editors • Postcolonial Green: Environmental Politics and World Narratives
Paula Willoquet-Maricondi, editor • Framing the World: Explorations in Ecocriticism and Film
Deborah Bird Rose • Wild Dog Dreaming: Love and Extinction
Axel Goodbody and Kate Rigby, editors • Ecocritical Theory: New European Approaches
Scott Hess • William Wordsworth and the Ecology of Authorship: The Roots of Environmentalism in Nineteenth-Century Culture
Dan Brayton • Shakespeare’s Ocean: An Ecocritical Exploration
Jennifer K. Ladino • Reclaiming Nostalgia: Longing for Nature in American Literature
Byron Caminero-Santangelo • Different Shades of Green: African Literature, Environmental Justice, and Political Ecology
Kate Rigby • Dancing with Disaster: Environmental Histories, Narratives, and Ethics for Perilous Times
Adam Trexler • Anthropocene Fictions: The Novel in a Time of Climate Change
Eric Gidal • Ossianic Unconformities: Bardic Poetry in the Industrial Age
Jesse Oak Taylor • The Sky of Our Manufacture: The London Fog in British Fiction from Dickens to Woolf
Michael P. Branch and Clinton Mohs, editors • “The Best Read Naturalist”: Nature Writings of Ralph Waldo Emerson
Lynn Keller • Recomposing Ecopoetics: North American Poetry of the Self-Conscious Anthropocene