411 At this moment Jackson: Ibid., 527.
411 By early afternoon the artillery duel: Ibid., 531, 528.
412 Jackson knew that there was a moment: Robert Lewis Dabney, Life and Campaigns of Lieut. General Thomas J. Jackson (New York: Blelock, 1866), 500.
412 Undeterred, Jackson unfastened: Ibid., 501.
412 These may not have been: Ibid.
412 “his blood was up”: Ibid., 502.
413 “as if the troops were preparing”: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 538.
414 He and his staff: Emory Thomas, Robert E. Lee (New York: Norton, 1995), 250.
414 In her book about the Lee daughters: Mary P. Coulling, The Lee Girls (Winston-Salem, N.C.: Blair, 1987), 105.
415 “He was the same loving father”: Robert E. Lee, Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page, 1924), 74.
415 Mrs. Lee cannot have been cheered: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 112, 105.
415 War had scarcely touched Hickory Hill: Ibid., 206.
416 Lee himself was in favor: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 540–1.
416 groaning “most audibly”: Ibid., 541.
416 “it is all-important that our movement”: War of the Rebellion, Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. XI, Part III (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1884), 676.
416 On the peninsula the terrain: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 279.
417 Pope had incautiously allowed: Ibid., 280.
418 Stuart had ordered: Ibid., 284; Wert, Cavalryman of the Lost Cause, 123–24.
419 Longstreet censured him: James Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox: Memoirs of the Civil War in America (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1960), 159.
420 “clatter of hooves”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 284.
420 Lee and Longstreet rode together: Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox, 131; Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 287, n35.
421 Early on the morning of August 20: Wert, Cavalryman of the Lost Cause, 126.
421 Stuart did not arrive at Cattlett’s Station: Ibid., 127–28.
421 Stuart cut telegraph lines: Ibid., 128.
422 “by rushing out the rear of his tent”: Reverend J. William Jones, Life and Letters of Robert E. Lee: Soldier and Man (New York: Neale, 1906), 192.
422 “I am sorry he is in such bad company”: Ibid.
422 The heavy rain raised: Wert, Cavalryman of the Lost Cause, 128.
423 “The army is not properly”: Robert E. Lee to Jefferson Davis, September 3, 1862, Papers of Jefferson Davis, Lynda Lasswell Crist, ed. (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1995), Vol. 8, 373.
424 “Lee was no grand-strategist”: J. F. C. Fuller, Grant and Lee: A Study in Personality and Generalship (New York: Scribner, 1933), 126.
424 When Fuller writes: Jones, Life and Letters of Robert E. Lee, 118; Fuller, Grant and Lee, 97.
425 “lack of thunder”: Fuller, Grant and Lee, 125.
425 True, paperwork exhausted and irritated him: Walter Herron Taylor, General Lee: His Campaigns in Virginia, 1861–1865 (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1994), 25.
428 Their hostess, Mrs. Marshall: A. L. Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee (New York: J. M. Stoddard, 1886), 116.
428 Other generals might have: Taylor, General Lee: His Campaigns in Virginia, 157–58.
429 Lee “would have been better off”: Ibid., 158.
429 On the other hand: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 116.
429 “they drank dry”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 309.
429 There was none, however: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 116.
430 Early the next morning: Ibid., 117; Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 309.
431 This began a day: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 554.
431 “bulging freight cars”: Ibid., 556.
431 Jackson moved his troops: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 507.
431 “If you are prompt”: Emory Upton, Military Policy of the United States (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1917), 334.
432 Lee’s vanguard reached: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 117.
432 Longstreet, displaying a lyrical gift: Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox, 141.
432 “this meal was partaken of”: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 117.
433 “a tactical error”: Ibid., 118.
433 It was odd that neither: Esposito, The West Point Atlas of American Wars, text accompanying map 60.
434 It was less than fifteen miles: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 559.
435 Hearing this, Jackson relaxed a bit: Ibid., 560.
435 He shook hands with the courier: Ibid.
436 As Brigadier General Rufus King’s Union division approached Groveton: Ibid., 561.
436 He got only about 6,000 men: Wikipedia, “Battle of Groveton,” 6.
437 a bloody “stalemate”: Ibid., 5.
437 “effusion of blood”: Grant to Lee, April 7, 1865, L. T. Remlap, Grant and His Desscriptive Account of His Tour Around the World (New York: Hurst, 1885), Vol. 1, 177.
437 “his ear to the ground”: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 563.
438 McClellan was in Washington: Stephen W. Sears, George B. McClellan: The Young Napoleon (New York: Ticknor and Fields, 1988), 252.
438 “that fool Pope”: Ibid., 253–54.
438 Jackson spent the night: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 564.
439 By 10 a.m. the Federal forces: Ibid., 565.
439 By midmorning on August 29: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 322.
439 He had already performed: Fuller, Grant and Lee, 164.
439 Lee rode forward to survey the scene: Thomas, Robert E. Lee, 253.
440 “a masterpiece of contradiction”: John J. Hennessey, Return to Bull Run: The Campaign and Battle of Second Manassas (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999), 232.
440 Throughout the late morning: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 566.
443 “General Lee was inclined”: Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox, 147.
444 Lee’s aide, Colonel Long: Taylor, General Lee: His Campaigns in Virginia, 107.
444 “The question will naturally arise”: Ibid.
444 “even though his martial instinct”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 322.
446 “You must know our circumstances”: Ibid., 347.
446 During all this time: Ibid., 325.
446 As darkness fell: Ibid., 328.
446 Even The West Point Atlas: Esposito, The West Point Atlas of American Wars, text accompanying map 62.
447 If Pope did not attack: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 330.
448 Six hundred yards away: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 572.
448 “the opposing flags”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 351.
448 Even for Jackson’s battle-hardened veterans: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 890.
449 Lee promptly ordered Longstreet: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 332.
449 began “to melt away”: Ibid.
449 “Almost immediately”: Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox, 152.
449 As Longstreet’s guns were firing: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 332.
450 “threw every man in his army”: Ibid.
450 “The artillery would gallop”: Gilbert Moxley Sorrel, Recollections of a Confederate Staff Officer (New York: Neale, 1905), 98, quoted in Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 334.
450 As Jackson began to advance: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 510.
450 Lee himself rode forward: Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox, 154.
451 Longstreet pushed his men: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 335.
451 “Why, General”: Robert E. Lee, Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee, 76–77.
452 Both wings of the Confederate army: Taylor, General Lee: His Campaigns in Virginia, 114.
452 “Though the fighting”: Esposito, The West Point Atlas of American Wars, text accompanying map 63.<
br />
452 By this time it was raining: Sears, George B. McClellan, 256.
452 The state of panic: Ibid., 257.
454 He wrote late that night: Robert E. Lee, Lee’s Dispatches: Unpublished Letters of General Robert E. Lee, C.S.A., to Jefferson Davis and the War Department of the Confederate States of America, 1862 (New York: Putnam, 1957), 59–60.
454 Lee carefully gave: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 338.
455 At the break of day: Ibid.
455 Longstreet would “remain on the battlefield”: Ibid., 339.
455 Having set Jackson in motion: Taylor, General Lee: His Campaigns in Virginia, 115.
456 Quite apart from the pain: Ibid.
456 Longstreet followed Jackson at 2 p.m.: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 340.
456 Longstreet complained: Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox, 157.
457 This was not a success: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 341.
457 Longstreet, who came up: Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox, 158.
457 “as the storm of the battle”: Ibid.
457 One of the Union casualties of the battle: Ibid., 159.
458 However much Lee despised Pope: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 342.
458 He had taken over 7,000: Taylor, General Lee: His Campaigns in Virginia, 117.
459 “Unless something can be done”: Ibid.
459 “My men had nothing to eat”: Fuller, Grant and Lee, 304.
459 Victorious they might be: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 349.
460 Maryland offered many strategic advantages: Fuller, Grant and Lee, 166.
460 “The present seems to be”: War of the Rebellion, A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series 1, Vol. XIX, Part II (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1887), 590–1.
460 “not properly equipped”: Ibid., 590.
460 On September 4 he ordered: Fuller, Grant and Lee, 167.
461 President Lincoln and General Halleck were obliged: Sears, George B. McClellan, 263.
461 Even then he managed: Ibid., 268–69.
462 Lee wrote, “but being made”: War of the Rebellion, A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series 1, Vol. XIX, Part II, 600.
462 “McClellan has the army with him”: Sears, George B. McClellan, 262.
462 When he reviewed: Ibid.
463 “The march of the Confederates”: Le Comte de Paris, History of the Civil War in America (Philadelphia: Porter and Coates, 1886), Vol. 2, 317–18.
463 The state of his army: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 359, n22.
463 More seriously still: Ibid., 359.
464 Admittedly, Lee’s line of communications: Ibid.
464 Lee had constantly borne in mind: Ibid., 360–61.
465 cut the East “off from the West”: Ibid.
465 This is the first but not the last time: Ibid., 359.
466 Lee heard Longstreet’s booming voice: Ibid., 361, n46.
466 As one of Lee’s two army commanders: Ibid.
467 Lieutenant-Colonel Fremantle: Lt. Col. Arthur James Lyon Fremantle, Three Months in the Southern States, April–June, 1863 (New York: John Bradburn, 1864), 249.
467 “He is an able general”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 362.
468 It might serve: Ibid., 363.
468 Accidentally dropped in “an abandoned Confederate camp”: Fuller, Grant and Lee, 168.
470 Mayor-General J. F. C. Fuller turns positively apoplectic: Ibid., 168.
471 The two men reached Hagerstown: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 366.
472 At this moment of crisis: Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox, 179.
473 Whatever Lee hoped, at this point: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 369.
473 “at daylight”: Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox, 179.
474 This was hardly surprising: Wikipedia, “Battle of Harpers Ferry,” 6.
474 Lee was relieved by this good news: Esposito, The West Point Atlas of American Wars, text accompanying map 67.
475 It was only twelve miles: Wikipedia, “Battle of Harpers Ferry,” 6.
477 Lee would be obliged to fight: Esposito, The West Point Atlas of American Wars, text accompanying map 67.
477 On the morning of September 16: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 381.
477 “if he had had a well-equipped”: Ibid.
478 He expressed only the rather vague intention: Esposito, The West Point Atlas of American Wars, text accompanying map 67.
479 Federal artillery was already firing: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 382.
479 At 4:30 a.m. Lee was awake: Ibid., 387.
480 Even “Fighting Joe” Hooker: Ronald H. Bailey, Antietam: The Bloodiest Day (New York: Time-Life Books, 1984), 70.
481 Around 7:30 a.m.: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 391.
481 “to be sent to Jackson”: Ibid., 390.
481 Lee’s faithful aide: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 134.
482 Long, who was beside Lee: Ibid., 131.
482 Everywhere on the field: Rufus Robinson Dawes, Service with the Sixth Wisconsin Volunteers (Marietta, Ohio: E. R. Alderman, 1890), 95.
483 “The roar of musketry”: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 132.
483 The slaughter in Bloody Lane: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 392.
484 “without getting their waist belts”: Henry Kyd Douglas, I Rode with Stonewall (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1940), 172.
484 “Gentlemen, we will not cross”: Henry Alexander White, Robert E. Lee (New York: Greenwood, 1969), 224–25.
484 This was determination indeed: Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox, 214.
485 “The passage of the Potomac”: Heros von Borcke, Memoirs of the Confederate War of Independence (Edinburgh: William Blackwood, 1866), Vol. I, 255.
CHAPTER 9 Glory—Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville
488 “Yes, my son”: Robert E. Lee Jr., Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page, 1924), 77–98.
489 Lee had advised his wife: Mary P. Coulling, The Lee Girls (Winston-Salem, N.C.: Blair, 1987), 105.
489 Lee, like many another parent: Ibid., 106.
489 “At the usual hour”: Walter H. Taylor, Four Years with General Lee (New York: Appleton, 1878), 76.
490 “He was the father of a tenderly-loved daughter”: Ibid., 76–77.
490 He ended on a bleaker note: Lee, Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee, 79–80.
490 “Perfect and true are all His ways”: Ibid., 80–81.
490 Lee finally gave his army two months: Douglas Southall Freeman, Robert E. Lee: A Biography (New York: Scribner, 1934), Vol. 2, 415.
491 “Will you pardon me”: Stephen W. Sears, George B. McClellan: The Young Napoleon (New York: Ticknor and Fields, 1988), 334.
492 In this he was perfectly right: Ibid., 340.
492 “[Burnside] is as sorry”: Ibid., 341.
493 He intended to “give up”: J. F. C. Fuller, Grant and Lee: A Study in Personality and Generalship (New York: Scribner, 1933), 170.
493 Lincoln, who was by now: Ibid., 170.
496 When Lee arrived at Fredericksburg: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 433.
497 Anxious to prevent the slaughter: Ibid., 434.
498 Forced to wait patiently: Ibid., 442.
498 “These people delight to destroy”: Ibid., 446.
499 heavy fog concealed: Ibid., 452.
499 The morning of December 13: Walter Herron Taylor, General Lee: His Campaigns in Virginia, 1861–1865 (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1994), 146.
499 “No doubt every heart”: Ibid., 150–51.
500 Without smiling, Jackson mounted: Gilbert Moxley Sorrel, Recollections of a Confederate Staff Officer (New York: Neale, 1905), 128.
500 “as if the ready war god”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 456.
501 “The people [of Wilmington]”: War of th
e Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. XXI (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1888), 1061.
501 On the left: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 458.
502 “It is well that war”: Ibid., 462.
502 “General, they are massing”: Jeffrey Wert, General James Longstreet: The Confederacy’s Most Controversial Soldier (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1993), 221.
502 “A series of braver”: James Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox: Memoirs of the Civil War in America (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1960), 265.
503 “About 9 a.m.”: War of the Rebellion: Formal Reports, Both Union and Confederate, The First Seizures of United States Property in the Southern States (Washington, D.C.: U.S. War Department, 1985), Vol. 53, 523.
503 “naked and discolored”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 470.
503 “Our commander-in-chief”: J. F. C. Fuller, Grant and Lee, 173.
504 “It was not a battle”: Patrick Hook and Steve Smith, The Stonewall Brigade (Minneapolis, Minn.: Zenith, 2008), 65.
504 “If there is a worse place”: Wikipedia, “Battle of Fredericksburg,” 14.
504 His headquarters: Lee, Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee, 85.
505 “one fourth pound of bacon”: War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. XXV, Part II (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1889), 730, quoted in Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 494.
505 “his pleadings”: Fuller, Grant and Lee, 124.
505 “My thoughts revert”: Lee, Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee, 87.
506 “My heart bleeds”: Ibid., 89.
506 “As regards the liberation of the people”: Ibid., 90.
506 “[The snow] was nearly”: Ibid., 93.
507 “the doctors tapping me”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 503.
509 “My plans are perfect”: Edwin C. Bearss, Fields of Honor (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic, 2006), 124.
509 there was no way to openly deploy: Fuller, Grant and Lee, 185.
510 He then added to his difficulties: Ibid., 186.
510 “The enemy in our front”: The Rebellion Record, Frank Moore, ed. (New York: Van Nostrand, 1867), Vol. 10, 254.
511 “The retrograde movement”: Curt Anders, Henry Halleck’s War: A Fresh Look at Lincoln’s Controversial General-in-Chief (copyright Curt Anders, 1999), 422.
Clouds of Glory Page 87