by Geoff Dyer
p. 100 ‘ever-present dreamlike . . .’: The Bells of Hell Go Ting-a-ling-a-ling, p. 49.
p. 100 ‘Terrified, I clawed . . .’: ibid., p. 71.
p. 100 ‘not as factually . . .’:, p. 145.
p. 101 ‘if that wasn’t . . .’: The Bells of Hell Go Ting-a-ling-a-ling, p. 49.
p. 101 ‘ears popped and . . .’: The Wars, p. 122.
p. 101 ‘What you people . . .’: ibid., pp. 46–7.
p. 102 ‘The mud. There . . .’: ibid., pp. 71–2.
p. 103 ‘a small train . . .’: Birdsong, p. 67.
p. 103 ‘from Albert out . . .’: ibid., p. 68.
p. 103 ‘where the Marne . . .’: ibid., p. 83.
p. 103 ‘terrible piling up . . .’: ibid., p. 59.
p. 104 The distinction between remembering and remembering the act of remembering together is derived from James E. Young, The Texture of Memory, p. 7.
p. 105 ‘the War itself . . .’: Lions and Shadows, p. 296.
p. 105 ‘clean and new . . .’: Wet Flanders Plain, p. 58.
p. 106 ‘Well might the . . .’, et al.: ‘On Passing the New Menin Gate’, Collected Poems, p. 188.
p. 107 ‘sullen swamp . . .’, et al.: p. 141 (my italics).
p. 107 ‘acute, shattering, the . . .’: Armistice Day Supplement, 12 November 1920, p. i.
p. 108 ‘soul-shattering, heart-rending . . .’: Death of a Hero, p. 34.
p. 108 ‘a terrible place . . .’, et al.: The Challenge of the Dead, pp. 36–7.
p. 110 ‘memorial to all . . .’ and ‘mourns for all . . .’: Wet Flanders Plain, pp. 97–8.
p. 111 ‘Now the chlorinated . . .’ and ‘the violent cough . . .’: p. 130.
p. 113 ‘They sat or . . .’: caption display next to Sargent’s painting in the Imperial War Museum.
p. 113 ‘gargling from the . . .’: ‘Dulce et Decorum Est’, Collected Poems, p. 55.
p. 113 For more on football, see Modris Eksteins, Rites of Spring, pp. 125–6.
p. 115 ‘There were many . . .’: p. 144.
p. 115 ‘murmuring the name . . .’: Friends Apart, p. 91 (italics in original).
p. 115 ‘litany of proper . . .’: The Tiger and the Rose (Hamish Hamilton, 1971), p. 72.
p. 115 ‘Passchendaele, Bapaume, and . . .’: ‘The Great War’, New and Collected Poems (Robson Books, 1980), p. 63.
p. 115 ‘Cambrai, Bethune, Arras . . .’ and ‘Passchendaele, Verdun, The . . .’: ‘The Guns’, ibid., p. 110.
p. 115 ‘all things said . . .’: ‘Crucifix Corner’, Collected Poems, p. 80; the other comparison, with Crickley, is in ‘Poem for End’, p. 201.
p. 115 ‘the copse was . . .’: ‘Near Vermand’, ibid., p. 132.
p. 116 ‘Cotswold her spinnies . . .’: from a different poem, also entitled ‘Near Vermand’, in Michael Hurd, The Ordeal of Ivor Gurney, p. 96.
p. 116 ‘a shattered wood . . .’: from a letter of June 1916, quoted in ibid., p. 72.
p. 116 ‘bad St Julien . . .’ et al.: Collected Poems, p. 170.
p. 116 ‘Tuesday, 2 October . . .’: They Called It Passchendaele, p. 189.
p. 117 ‘the names were . . .’: ibid., p. 187.
p. 117 ‘The Oxford Book . . .’: Thank God for the Atom Bomb and Other Essays, p. 101.
p. 117 ‘want of imagination . . .’: The Great War and Modern Memory, p. 12.
p. 117 ‘hopeless absence of . . .’ and ‘entirely characteristic of . . .’: ibid., p. 13 (my italics).
p. 117 ‘it is refreshing . . .’: ibid., p. 109.
p. 117 ‘a sort of . . .’: ibid., p. 14.
p. 117 ‘the military equivalent . . .’: ibid., p. 12.
p. 117 ‘sophisticated observer . . .’: ibid., p. 6.
p. 118 ‘“What ’appened to . . .”: The Middle Parts of Fortune, p. 219.
p. 119 ‘It was Christmas . . .’: Oh What a Lovely War (Methuen, 1965), p. 50.
p. 119 ‘They’re warning us . . .’: ibid., p. 64.
p. 119 ‘those poor wounded . . .’ and ‘sounds like a . . .’: ibid., pp. 88–9.
p. 119 ‘SECOND SOLDIER: What’s . . .’: ibid., p. 46.
p. 120 ‘And when they . . .’: ibid., p. 107.
p. 121 ‘it is really . . .’: The Great War and Modern Memory, p. 241.
p. 121 ‘the symbolism of . . .’: The Complete Memoirs of George Sherston, p. 325.
p. 121 ‘Aye, all’s reet . . .’: quoted in They Called It Passchendaele, p. 201.
p. 122 ‘The salient was . . .’ and ‘just a complete . . .’: ibid., p. 186.
p. 122 ‘To our dismay . . .’: Wet Flanders Plain, p. 99.
p. 123 ‘the flesh of . . .’: Watermark (Hamish Hamilton, 1992), p. 56; see also his poem ‘Nature Morte’, A Part of Speech (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1980), p. 45.
p. 125 ‘concentrated essence of . . .’: Major-General J. F. C. Fuller, quoted in John Keegan, The Face of Battle, p. 232.
p. 127 ‘a merciless sea . . .’, et al.: Short Stories, vol. 2, edited by Andrew Rutherford (Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1971), p. 213.
p. 128 ‘Madame, please, / You . . .’: Brian Gardner (ed.), Up the Line to Death, p. 157.
p. 129 ‘the booming mecca . . .’: They Called It Passchendaele, p. 3.
p. 129 ‘earth gobs and . . .’, et al.: F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night, pp. 125–6.
p. 129 ‘half-ironic phrase . . .’: ibid., p. 199.
p. 129 ‘A refuge for . . .’: ibid., p. 25.
p. 129 ‘the war is . . .’: ibid., p. 30.
p. 129 ‘was like all . . .’: ibid., p. 40.
p. 130 ‘I do not . . .’: letter to Henry Dan Piper, quoted in Matthew J. Bruccoli, Some Kind of Epic Grandeur: The Life of F. Scott Fitzgerald, revised edn, (Cardinal, 1991), p. xix.
p. 130 ‘After all, life . . .’: letter to Mrs Richard Taylor, 10 June 1917, Andrew Turnbull (ed.), The Letters of F. Scott Fitzgerald (Penguin, 1968), p. 434.
p. 130 ‘shell-shocks who . . .’: Tender is the Night, p. 23.
p. 130 ‘a skull recently . . .’: ibid., p. 50.
p. 130 ‘Suddenly there was . . .’: ibid., p. 61.
p. 131 ‘Dick turned the . . .’ and ‘See that little . . .’: ibid., pp. 124–5.
p. 134n For more on the Michael Foot/Cenotaph controversy see Patrick Wright’s essay ‘A Blue Plaque for the Labour Movement?’, in On Living in an Old Country, Verso, 1985.
p. 136 ‘when events are . . .’: The Texture of Memory, p. 263.
p. 138 ‘The thousands of . . .’: Philip Larkin, ‘MCMXIV’, Collected Poems (Faber, 1988), p. 128.
p. 141 ‘the great everlasting . . .’: quoted in Modris Eksteins, Rites of Spring, p. 133.
p. 141 ‘had no pity . . .’: from introduction in Wilfred Owen, Collected Poems, pp. 18–19.
p. 142 ‘“I’ve lost my . . .’: quoted in Denis Winter, Death’s Men, p. 257.
p. 143 ‘The charred skeletons . . .’: Henri Barbusse, War Diary, in Jon Glover and Jon Silkin (eds.), The Penguin Book of First World War Prose, p. 197.
p. 143 ‘the most extraordinary . . .’: letter of 13 May 1916, Winds of Change (Macmillan, 1966), p. 82.
p. 143 ‘shells never seem . . .’: Julian Symons (ed.), The Essential Wyndham Lewis, p. 23.
p. 143 ‘the famous Cloth . . .’: Gunner B. O. Stokes, quoted in Lyn Macdonald, They Called It Passchendaele, p. 190.
p. 143 ‘One ever hangs . . .’: ‘At a Calvary near the Ancre’, Wilfred Owen, Collected Poems, p. 82.
p. 144 ‘The Calvary stood . . .’: Jon Glover and Jon Silkin (eds.), The Penguin Book of First World War Prose, p. 145.
p. 144 ‘The cemetery at . . .’: quoted in Michael Hurd, The Ordeal of Ivor Gurney p. 69.
p. 144 ‘like the edge . . .’ and ‘the trees of . . .’: The Complete Memoirs of George Sherston, p. 279.
p. 146 ‘a landscape of . . .’: quoted in Robert Rosenblum, Modern Painting and the Northern Romantic Tradition (Thames & Hudson, 1978)
, p. 29.
p. 146 Robert Musil: diary entry for 3 September 1915, Tagebucher, (Rowohlt Verlag, Reinbeck bei Hamburg, 1976), p. 312; translation in Jon Glover and Jon Silkin (eds.), The Penguin Book of First World War Prose, p. 95.
p. 146 ‘a sea of . . .’: Lieutenant J. W. Naylor, quoted in Lyn Macdonald, They Called It Passchendaele, p. 188.
p. 146 ‘a dead sea . . .’: Undertones of War, p. 221.
p. 146 ‘land-ocean’: The Challenge of the Dead, p. 24.
p. 146 ‘As you look . . .’: quoted in Kevin Brownlow, The War, the West and the Wilderness, p. 148.
p. 146 ‘By any earlier . . .’: Modern Painting and the Northern Romantic Tradition (Thames & Hudson, 1978), p. 13.
p. 149 ‘skinned, gouged, flayed . . .’: Peter Vansittart (ed.), Letters from the Front (Constable, 1984), p. 217.
p. 149 ‘In point of . . .’: p. 150.
p. 149 ‘plain of lost . . .’: War Diary, in Jon Glover and Jon Silkin (eds.), The Penguin Book of First World War Prose, p. 150.
p. 150 ‘The old church . . .’: The Challenge of the Dead, p. 256.
p. 150 ‘In a later . . .’: In Flanders Fields, p. 296.
p. 150 ‘Aerial photos of . . .’: Haig’s Command, p. 46.
p. 150 The vanished villages of Verdun: for an evocation of the topographical and historical legacy of Verdun see the last two parts – ‘Aftermath’ and ‘Epilogue’ – of Alistair Horne, The Price of Glory: Verdun 1916.
p. 150 ‘Theory of Ruin . . .’: Inside the Third Reich (Sphere, 1971), pp. 97–8.
p. 151 ‘special teams spent . . .’: The Rebel (Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1971), p. 154.
p. 151 ‘a sponge, an . . .’: Jean Rouaud, Fields of Glory, p. 133.
p. 152 ‘I am beginning . . .’: diary entry for 7 October, quoted in Trevor Wilson, The Myriad Faces of War, p. 751.
p. 152 ‘We didn’t really . . .’: John Grout, quoted in Ronald Blythe, Akenfield (Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1972), p. 62.
p. 152 ‘reveals hardly the . . .’: Denis Winter, Death’s Men, p. 255.
p. 153 ‘what the Nazis . . .’, et al.: ‘Messages in a Bottle’, New Left Review (no. 200, July/August 1993), p. 6.
p. 154 ‘trees not quite . . .’: p. 18.
p. 154 ‘when the trenches . . .’: The Old Frontline (Heinemann, 1917), p. 11.
p. 154 ‘all semblance gone . . .’: Journey to the Western Front, Twenty Years After (G. Bell & Son, 1936), p. 1.
p. 155 ‘Nature herself conspires . . .’: Paul Berry and Alan Bishop (eds.), Testament of a Generation: The Journalism of Vera Brittain and Winifred Holtby (Virago, 1985), p. 210.
p. 155 ‘And pile them . . .’: Archibald MacLeish (ed.), The Complete Poems (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, 1970), p. 136.
p. 155 ‘A farmer on . . .’: The English Patient (Bloomsbury, 1992), p. 123.
p. 156 ‘the ground breaks . . .’: ‘A Calvary on the Somme’, Selected Poems (Bloodaxe, Newcastle, 1991), p. 135.
p. 156 ‘Corpses, rats, old . . .’: Peter Vansittart (ed.), Letters from the Front (Constable, 1984), p. 263.
p. 158 ‘From that moment . . .’: quoted in Martin Middlebrook, The First Day on the Somme, p. 316.
p. 158 ‘These apparently rude . . .’: The Middle Parts of Fortune, p. 205.
p. 159 ‘The century of . . .’: a revised version of this lecture was published as ‘Ev’ry Time we Say Goodbye’ in Keeping a Rendezvous, Granta 1992.
p. 162 ‘there are more . . .’: The Plague (Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1948), p. 251.
SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books quoted in the text with no real connection with the war or the main themes of the book are not listed here; nor are volumes of poetry which happen to contain the odd poem about the war. Bibliographical details for these titles are given in the Notes. Place of publication is London unless stated otherwise.
FICTION, MEMOIRS, POETRY
Aldington, Richard, Death of a Hero, Hogarth, 1984.
Barbusse, Henri, Under Fire, trans. W. Fitzwater Wray, Dent, 1988.
Barker, Pat, Regeneration, Viking, 1991.
Barker, Pat, The Eye in the Door, Viking, 1993.
Blunden, Edmund, Undertones of War, Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1982.
Chapman, Guy, A Passionate Prodigality, Buchan & Enright, Southampton, 1985.
Faulks, Sebastian, Birdsong, Hutchinson, 1993.
Findley, Timothy, The Wars, Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1978.
Fitzgerald, F. Scott, Tender is the Night, Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1955.
Graham, Stephen, The Challenge of the Dead, Cassell, 1921.
Graves, Robert, Goodbye to All That, Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1960.
Gurney, Ivor, Collected Poems, ed. P. J. Kavanagh, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1982.
Gurney, Ivor, War Letters, ed. R. K. R. Thornton, Hogarth, 1984.
Hemingway, Ernest, A Farewell to Arms, Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1935.
Hill, Susan, Strange Meeting, Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1989.
Hiscock, Eric, The Bells of Hell Go Ting-a-ling-a-ling, Arlington Books, 1976.
Isherwood, Christopher, Lions and Shadows, Hogarth, 1938.
Jones, David, In Parenthesis, Faber, 1987.
Manning, Frederic, The Middle Parts of Fortune (also known as Her Privates We), Buchan & Enright, Southampton, 1986.
Owen, Wilfred, Collected Poems, edited with an introduction and notes by C. Day Lewis and a Memoir by Edmund Blunden, Chatto & Windus, 1963.
Owen, Wilfred, Collected Letters, edited by Harold Owen and John Bell, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1967.
Owen, Wilfred, The Complete Poems and Fragments, 2 vols., edited by Jon Stallworthy, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1983.
Remarque, Erich Maria, All Quiet on the Western Front, trans. A. W. Wheen, Picador, 1987.
Rosenberg, Isaac, Collected Works, Chatto & Windus, 1984.
Rouaud, Jean, Fields of Glory, trans. Ralph Manheim, Collins Harvill, 1992.
Sassoon, Siegfried, Siegfried’s Journey 1916–1920, Faber, 1945.
Sassoon, Siegfried, Collected Poems 1908–1956, Faber, 1961.
Sassoon, Siegfried, The Complete Memoirs of George Sherston, Faber, 1972.
Sassoon, Siegfried, Diaries 1915–1918, ed. Rupert Hart-Davis, Faber, 1983.
Toynbee, Philip, Friends Apart, MacGibbon & Kee, 1954.
HISTORIES AND CULTURAL STUDIES
Anderson, Benedict, Imagined Communities, Verso, 1983.
Babington, Anthony, For the Sake of Example, Leo Cooper/Secker & Warburg, 1983.
Bergonzi, Bernard, Heroes’ Twilight, Constable, 1965.
Bond, Brian (ed.), The First World War and British Military History, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1991.
Boorman, Derek, At the Going Down of the Sun: British First World War Memorials, Sessions, York, 1988.
Borg, Alan, War Memorials, Leo Cooper, 1991.
Brownlow, Kevin, The War, the West and the Wilderness, Secker & Warburg, 1979.
Bushaway, Bob, ‘Name upon Name: The Great War and Remembrance’, in Roy Porter (ed.), Myths of the English, Polity, Cambridge, 1992.
Cannadine, David, ‘Death, Grief and Mourning in Modern Britain’, in Joachim Whalley (ed.), Mirrors of Mortality, Europa, 1984.
Capa, Robert, Photographs, edited by Richard Whelan and Cornell Capa, Faber, 1985.
Carmichael, Jane, First World War Photographers, Routledge, 1989.
Clark, Alan, The Donkeys, Pimlico, 1991.
Compton, Ann (ed.), Charles Sargeant Jagger: War and Peace Sculpture, Imperial War Museum, 1985.
Coombs, Rose E. B., Before Endeavours Fade, After the Battle Publications, 1976.
Eksteins, Modris, Rites of Spring, Bantam, 1989.
Elsen, Albert E., Modern European Sculpture 1918–1945: Unknown Beings and Other Realities, Braziller, New York, 1979.
Ferro, Marc, The Great War, Routledge, 1973.
Foot, M. R. D., Art and War, Headline, 1990.
Fussell, Paul, The Grea
t War and Modern Memory, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1975.
Fussell, Paul, Thank God for the Atom Bomb and Other Essays, Ballantine, New York, 1990.
Garrett, Richard, The Final Betrayal, Buchan & Enright, Southampton, 1989.
Harries, Meirion and Susie, War Artists, Michael Joseph, 1983.
Hibberd, Dominic, Wilfred Owen: The Last Year, Constable, 1992.
Horne, Alistair, The Price of Glory: Verdun 1916, Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1964.
Hurd, Michael, The Ordeal of Ivor Gurney, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1978.
Hynes, Samuel, A War Imagined: The First World War and English Culture, Bodley Head, 1990.
Hynes, Samuel, The Auden Generation, Pimlico, 1992.
Keegan, John, The Face of Battle, Cape, 1976.
Kern, Stephen, The Culture of Time and Space 1880–1918, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1983.
Larkin, Philip, Required Writing, Faber, 1983.
Leed, Eric J., No Man’s Land: Combat and Identity in World War 1, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1979.
Liddell Hart, B. H., History of the First World War, Cassell, 1970.
Longworth, Philip, The Unending Vigil, Constable, 1967.
Macdonald, Lyn, They Called It Passchendaele, Michael Joseph, 1978.
Macdonald, Lyn, The Roses of No Man’s Land, Michael Joseph, 1980.
Macdonald, Lyn, Somme, Michael Joseph, 1983.
Macdonald, Lyn, 1914, Michael Joseph, 1987.
Middlebrook, Martin, The First Day on the Somme, Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1984.
Middlebrook, Martin and Mary, The Somme Battlefields, Viking, 1991.
Moeller, Susan, Shooting War, Basic Books, New York, 1990.
Mosse, George, Fallen Soldiers: Reshaping the Memory of the World Wars, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1990.
Orwell, George, The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters, Volume 1, Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1970.
Parker, Peter, The Old Lie: The Great War and the Public School Ethos, Constable, 1987.
Pick, Daniel, War Machine: The Rationalisation of Slaughter in the Modern Age, Yale University Press, New Haven, 1993.
Putkowski, Julian, and Sykes, Julian, Shot at Dawn, revised edn, Leo Cooper, 1992.
Robbins, Keith, The First World War, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1984.
Scarry, Elaine, The Body in Pain, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1985.
Silkin, Jon, Out of Battle, 2nd edn, Ark, 1987.