Operation Gladio
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Haight-Ashbury Medical Clinic, 85–86
Hallberg, Otto, 68
Hambro, Charles Jocelyn, 57, 82, 84
Hambros Bank, 57, 82, 87, 92, 142
Hand, Michael, 148, 149
Handelsbanken, 157
Harari, Michael, 216
Haro, Miguel Nazar, 259
Harrison, Benjamin, 24
Hartmann, Arthur, 222
Harvey, William, 74, 75, 82
Hashemi, Cyrus, 172
Haskins, Warren G. (name used by Thomas Braden), 54–55
Haushofer, Karl, 113
Havana conference, 15
Haw (Muslim minority), 56
Hearst Newspapers, 59
Hefelman, Hans, 73
Hekmatyar, Gulbuddin, 14, 16, 167–68, 169
Hellenic Raiding Force [Lochos Oreinon Katadromon], 112
Helliwell, Paul E., 15, 30–33, 85, 146, 147, 204
drug sales plan, 31, 33, 38, 39, 41–42, 44, 52, 203, 220, 278
running Sea Supply, Inc., 13, 57, 146
Helms, Richard, 40, 135
Henze, Paul, 201, 208, 209, 214, 215
Heritage Foundation, 276
Herlands, William, 42
Hill, Robert, 120–21
Hillenkoetter, Roscoe H., 41, 42
Himmler, Heinrich, 23
Hinton, Deane R., 132
His Holiness (Bernstein and Politi), 287
Hitler, Adolf, 25, 26, 51, 73, 121
Hizmet, 273, 275
Hnilica, Pavol, 230
Ho, Chi Minh, 54, 58
Hoberhofer, Herbert, 216
Hoffa, Jimmy, 48
Hoffman, Karl Heinz, 108
Hohenlohe, Max von (prince), 23
Holiday, Billie, 42
Holmgreen, Dale, 150
Homan, Paul, 79
Homeland Security (US), 274
Honduras, 79
CIA in, 16, 259
Hoover, J. Edgar, 80
Hotel des Palmes gathering, 15, 79
Hotel Vitosha conference, 16
Household International (CIA financial front), 151
House of Jazz (nightclub), 241
Humphrey, Hubert H., 132
Hunt, E. Howard, 31
Hussein, Saddam, 91, 170, 207, 223
Hyperion Language School (Paris), 105, 106, 107
I&O (CIA code name for secret army in Netherlands), 261
IG Farben (company), 25, 255
IGS. See Institute for General Studies
Il Crack Sindona, 138
Il Giornale Nuovo (newspaper), 213
Il Mondo (newspaper), 156
Il Secolo XIX (newspaper), 97
Il Sole 24 Ore (newspaper), 228
Image Books, 10
Imitation of Christ, The (Thomas a Kempis), 162–63
Impallomeni, Giuseppe, 142
Imparfin (subsidiary of United Trading Corporation), 181
In Banks We Trust (Lernoux), 79, 146
Independence Bank, 170
Indonesia, 150
CIA in, 129, 149
Infelisi, Luciano, 212
“Inner World of Opus Dei, The” (Roche), 244
Institute for General Studies (Chile) (IGS), 19, 117, 245
Institute for the Works of Religion [Istituto per le Opere di Religione] (IOR). See Vatican Bank
Internal Revenue Service (US) (IRS), 88, 147–48
International Brotherhood of Teamsters, 48
International Diversified Corporation (CIA-controlled holding company), 146–47
International Longshoremen's Association, 48
Inter-Services Intelligence (Pakistan) (ISI) and the CIA, 168
Inzerillo, Salvatore, 14, 16, 223, 247–48
Inzerillo crime family, 14, 81, 84, 88, 157, 177, 235, 247, 248, 249
IOR or Istituto per le Opere di Religione [Institute for the Works of Religion]. See Vatican Bank
İpekçi, Abdi, 204, 206, 210, 214
IRA. See Irish Republican Army
Iran, 168, 201, 267, 271
CIA in, 129, 150, 157, 167, 172, 176, 203
and hostage crisis, 130, 193, 207, 220
Iraq, 170–71, 201, 207, 223, 267
CIA in, 129, 157, 194, 220
Irish Republican Army (IRA), 222
Irving Trust (bank), 280
ISI. See Inter-Services Intelligence (Pakistan)
Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, 279–80
Islamization of Turkey, 277–78
Ismi, Asad, 280
Israel, 174, 205, 220, 223
Istituto Bancario Italiano, 60
Istituto per le Opere di Religione [Institute for Works of Religion] (IOR). See Vatican Bank
Italian Bishops Conference, 265
Italian Communist Party. See Partito Comunista Italiano
Italian Episcopal Conference, 61
Italian Social Democratic Party, 62
Italian Socialist Party, 62
“Italicus” Rome-Munich Express train, attack on, 16, 101–102
Italy
“Democratic Rebirth” of Italy, 102
elections in, 47–48, 49, 50, 69, 142. See also Christian Democratic Party; Partito Comunista Italiano
impact of liquidating Vatican's holdings, 91–92
“Years of Lead” (1969 to 1980), 15, 109, 110, 142, 260, 265
See also Europe, Gladio in
Iyad, Abu (aka Salah Khalef), 108
Jalics, Francisco, 122, 123–24, 126
Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan, 170
Jansen, Robert “Red,” 150
“Jeanni” (Villot's Masonic name), 159
Jews, attacks on in Argentina, 121
J. Henry Schroeder Bank, 16
John Paul I (pope), 16, 66, 153, 154, 156–61
papal election, 154–56
suspicious death of, 16, 160–65
John Paul II (pope), 14, 66, 73, 154, 179, 189, 196–205, 235, 265, 273, 281, 284, 287–88
allowing pedophilia to exist, 286
attempted assassination of, 14, 16, 107, 173, 174, 205, 206–215, 216, 218–19, 224, 266
canonization of, 17, 290
death of, 285, 286
election of, 165–66
as Karol Wojtyła, 155, 156, 166
nude photos of, 78
and rapprochement with Soviet Union, 69, 198–99, 208
relations with P2 and the Mafia, 187, 235, 265, 281, 283
and Solidarity movement in Poland, 182–83, 185, 188, 198–99, 200, 209
and Vatican Bank, 179, 185, 186–87, 195, 235, 283
failing to assist Sindona, 196
making Opus Dei answerable only to the Pope, 243
opposition to Pazienza plan for Banco Ambrosiano, 226
Johnson, Chalmers, 169
Johnson, Lyndon Baines, 89, 132, 146, 156
Johnson, Peter, 82
John XXIII (pope), 66, 69–70, 106, 283
Joint Chiefs of Staff (US), 36–38
Jones, Ralph, 235
Jorish, Ari, 45
JPMorgan Chase, 288
Junta of National Reconstruction (Nicaragua), 194
Justice and Development Party of Turkey. See Adalet ve Kalkinma
Justice Department (US), 72, 141, 143, 148, 157, 191, 249, 253
Kalb, Marvin, 213
Kangas, Steve, 23
Karimov, Islam, 274
Kaynak Holding (conglomerate), 272
Kazakhstan, 202, 257, 269
Kennan, George, 44
Kennedy, David, 14, 82–83, 84, 85, 132, 134, 135, 137, 155, 190, 244, 246
Kennedy, John (father of David Kennedy), 82
Kennedy, John Fitzgerald, 106
Kenney, John, 141–42, 192, 196–97, 246, 247
Kerr, John, 149
Kerry Commission, 17, 171–72, 222
KGB (Soviet intelligence service), 209, 213
Khalef, Salah (aka Abu Iyad), 108
Khomeini, Ayatollah, 176, 193, 194, 220
Khrushchev, Nikita, 69
Khun Sa, 151
King, Tom, 262
Kintex (Bulgaria), 174–75
Kırcı, Haluk (aka “Idi Amin”), 202
Kissinger, Henry, 14, 16, 76, 95, 103, 108, 120–21, 131, 132, 171, 205, 207, 223
Klarsfeld, Serge, 72
Kleinman, Morris, 147
KMT. See Kuomintang
Knights of Malta. See Sovereign Military Order (Malta)
Kocadağ, Hüseyin, 266, 267, 272
Kofler, Karl, 216–17
Kolbiba, Abedin “Dino,” 178
Komitet gosudarstvennoy bezopasnosti. See KGB
Kommunistische Partei Österreichs [Communist Party of Austria], 67
Körner, Theodor, 67
Kossman, Patricia, 10
Kristol, Irving, 132
Krol, John, 156, 166
Krupp AG (company), 25
Kunz, Hans, 230
Kuomintang [National Chinese Army] (KMT), 15, 31, 56, 57, 88
Kurdi, Sa'id-i, 272
Kurdistan, 202, 267, 271–72
Kurdistan Workers’ Party. See Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan
Kurds, killing of in Turkey, 271–72
Kyrgyzstan, 202, 257
La Barbera brothers, 79
La Centrale (company), 134
La Cosa Nostra. See Mafia
La Fidele (subsidiary of United Trading Company), 181
Laghi, Pio, 122, 282
Lajolo, Giovanni, 282
Lake Resources, Inc., 207
La Mafia Cruzena, 72
La Malfa, Ugo, 142
La Mattina, Nunzio, 175
Lance, Bert, 221
Landmark First National Bank, 280
Lansing, Robert, 24
Lansky, Meyer, 30, 34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 80, 85, 146
Lantana (subsidiary of United Trading Company), 181
Lanza, Joe “Socks,” 36
Lanzoni, Angelo, 65
La Repubblica (newspaper), 99, 236
Lashkar e-Taiba, 170
La Stampa (newspaper), 156, 232, 240
Lastiri, Raúl Alberto, 110, 115
LaTempa, Peter, 39
Lateran Treaty, 50, 89, 253, 287
Latin America
Gladio in, 111–27, 136, 156, 179–80, 206, 258–59
priests leading against governments in (liberal theology), 116–20, 122, 126, 160, 198, 245
See also names of specific countries
laundering money. See money laundering
Law, Bernard Francis, 286
Ledeen, Michael, 14, 108, 208, 209, 213, 223
Lee, Martin A., 69–70
Lefebvre, Marcel, 139
Legacy of Ashes (Weiner), 30
Leggio, Luciano, 38, 73, 174, 248
Lembke, Heinz, 200
Lemnitzer, Lyman, 132
Lercaro, Giacomo, 73
Lernoux, Penny, 79, 146
L'Espresso (newspaper), 139, 226, 240
Letizia, Sister, 212
“letter of patronage,” 16, 225, 228, 236
Levi, Virgilio, 65, 282
Levine, Michael, 145–46
Lewis, Bernard, 271
Libby, McNeill and Libby, Inc., 84
liberation theology in Latin America, 116–20, 122, 126, 160, 198, 245
Libera Università Internazionale degli Studi Sociali [International University of Social Studies], 106–107
Liberfinco (Liberian Financial Company), 87
Li Causi, Girolamo, 43, 49
Liechtenstein, 81, 84, 91, 119, 146, 179, 180, 225
Liénart, Achille, 65
Life (magazine), 24
Little, Malcolm (aka Malcolm X), 257
Lockheed Martin Corporation, 72
Loews Corporation, 132, 135
Long Island Garment Trucking Company, 48
Longo, Pietro, 110
Loomis, Patry, 150
L'Opera Francesco Saverio Oddasso (organization), 240–41
López Trujillo, Alfonso, 118
Lo Prete, Donato, 104
Lorscheider, Aloísio, 155
L'Osservatore Politico (newspaper), 159
L'Osservatore Romano (Vatican newspaper), 65, 265
Lotta Continua [Continuous Struggle] (militant Communist organization), 101
Louisville Courier-Journal (newspaper), 59
Lucania, Salvatore. See Luciano, Charles “Lucky”
Lucchese, Tommy, 40
Lucchese crime family, 76
Luce, Claire Booth, 24, 74
Luce, Henry, 24, 33, 59
Luciani, Albino. See John Paul I (pope)
Luciano, Charles “Lucky,” 34–37, 39, 80–81
Communist problems in Italy, 44, 49
and Helliwell's drug plan, 30, 33, 38, 48, 151
and ONI, 13, 15, 36, 37, 42
and the Sicilian Mafia, 33, 38, 47–48, 52, 60, 79
and the Turkish drug route, 55
working with Corsican Mafia, 54, 55
visit to Havana, Cuba, 15, 39–40
Luftig, Paul, 137
Lumia, Giuseppe, 283–84
Luxembourg, 91, 94, 119, 140, 146, 170, 179, 180, 184, 225
Luytjes, Frederick “Rik,” 180
Macchi, Pasquale, 65, 159, 282
Macioce, Thomas, 254, 255
Mafia
addressing Communist problem in Italy, 49
Albanian Mafia, 178
American Mafia, 13, 34–36, 38, 40, 41–43, 79–81, 175, 183, 251
Camorra of Naples (branch of the Mafia), 73, 99, 157, 173, 174, 178, 208, 213, 233
and the CIA/OSS, 30–44, 53–60
Corsican Mafia, 31, 34, 54, 88
“financial Mafia.” See Sindona, Michele
La Mafia Cruzena, 72
Men of Respect, 38, 64, 73, 81, 174, 191, 248
‘Ndrangheta (branch of the Mafia), 64, 73, 99, 178
sasso in bocca [“stone in the mouth”] as a gesture of, 105
Sicilian Mafia, 13, 33, 37–38, 41, 46, 48, 52–55, 60, 64, 73, 79, 81, 84, 134, 145, 156, 157, 173–74, 183–84, 191, 193, 208, 216, 218–20, 233, 235–36, 247–49, 251, 259, 265, 278, 283
Lucky Luciano in, 33, 34, 36, 39, 48
Trapani Mafia, 195
Vatican forming relationship with, 42, 49, 236, 253, 283, 287, 289
See also P2 (Propaganda Due)
Magaddino, Stefano, 80
Magee, John, 160–61, 162
Magliocco, Joseph, 40
Maletti, Giandelio, 97
Malta, Knights of. See Sovereign Military Order (Malta)
Mancini, Antonio “Nino the Tramp,” 232, 239–40
Mandalari, Pino, 64
Manfredi, Henry, 59
MANI (Sindona's private account at Finabank), 86
Manic SA, 179, 225
Manis, Giorgio, 75
Manlon (company), 222
Mannoia, Francesco Marino, 183–84, 234
Manor, Leroy Joseph, 150
Manufacturers Bank, 280
Mao Zedong, 31, 32, 56, 59, 94
MAR. See Movimento d'Azione Rivoluzionaria
Maranzano, Salvatore, 34
Marbella (subsidiary of United Trading Corporation), 181
Marchetti, Victor, 53, 62
Marchisano, Francesco, 65, 282
Marcinkus, Paul “the Gorilla,” 10, 84, 107, 186–87, 222, 239
arrest warrant for, 16, 253
efforts to indict, 157
and Banco Ambrosiano, 119, 173, 196, 226, 228, 236, 287
and Calvi, 119, 156, 157, 158, 173, 176, 183, 186, 196, 224, 225, 236, 239
as head of the Vatican Bank, 14, 15, 83, 94, 155–56, 157, 159, 166, 186–87, 195, 213, 226, 236
potential removal, 160
issuing “letter of Patronage,” 16, 225, 228, 236
and P2, 156, 196, 253
reaction to death of John Paul I, 163
retiring to Sun City, AZ, 253–54
and sexual relations, 240, 241, 243
and Sindona, 83, 90, 119, 139�
��40, 157, 192, 195, 196
Marenches, Alexander de, 14, 207, 209, 212, 255
“Marpa” (code name for Marcinkus), 83
Marseilles, France, 30, 54–55, 56, 57, 88, 200
Marsili, Salvatore, 65
Martin, Edward, 132
Martin, Graham, 95, 142, 246, 250, 251
Mary Ferrell Foundation, 30
Masjid al-Farooq (mosque in Brooklyn, NY), 258
Masonry and Masonic lodges, 61, 62–66, 231
Catholics as Masons, 64–66, 83, 159–60, 166, 187, 234, 281
Masonic lodges on NATO bases, 15, 63
stay-behind units evolving into Masonic lodges, 62
See also P2 (Propaganda Due)
Massera, Emilio, 110, 115, 126
Masseria, Giuseppe “The Boss,” 34
Massié, Jacques, 200
Matarazzo, Giovanna, 233
Mattei, Enrico, 15, 74
May Day massacre in Portella della Ginestra, 49
Mazowiecki, Tadeusz, 198–99
Mazzanti, Giorgio, 78
McCaffery, John, 142
McCone, John, 51, 69–71, 255
McCoy, Alfred W., 33, 145
McDonald, Walter, 150
McNamara, Robert, 132
Medellin Cartel, 170, 179
Medellin Conference, 15, 116
Mediobanca, 234
Mediocredito Lombardo bank, 254
Meese, Edwin, 221
Mellon, Andrew, 32
Mellon, Paul, 32
Mellon foundation, 29
Memoirs (Rockefeller), 196
Memorandum sulla Situazione Italiana [Memorandum on the Italian Situation] (P2), 102
Mena, Arkansas, 16, 221, 222
Menderes, Adnan, 68
Meneguzzi, Mario, 238
Mennini, Antonio, 107
Mennini, Luigi, 107, 158, 195, 225, 228, 229, 253
Men of Respect. See Mafia
Mercantile Bank and Trust, 147
Mercator Senesis Romanam Curiam [leading banker of the Roman Curia], 90
Merrill Lynch Brokerage House, 59
Merzagora, Cesare, 75
Messina, Leonardo, 64
Metro (publication), 10
Metropolitan Correctional Center (New York City), 193
Mexico, 84, 117, 259, 285, 286
Miceli, Vito, 76, 109
Miceli Crimi, Joseph, 76, 142, 143, 190, 191, 192, 194, 246
Military Supreme Court (Turkey), 202
Milli Istihbarat Teskilati [National Intelligence Organization of Turkey] (MIT), 16, 172, 203, 272
Milliyet (newspaper), 204–205
Minardi, Sabrina, 240
Minetto, Sergio, 98
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Argentina), 124
Miranda, Mike, 40
MIT. See Milli Istihbarat Teskilati
Mitchell, John, 134
Mogavero, Rosario “Saro,” 48
Mondlane, Eduardo, 111
Monduzzi, Dino, 238, 282
money laundering, 179–88, 220, 289, 290
CIA, 129, 170–71, 206. See also Castle Bank and Trust; Helliwell, Paul E.; Nugan Hand Bank; Sindona, Michele