Kennebec River
King’s Chapel Burial Ground, Boston
King’s School, Worcester
Kupperman, Karen Ordahl
Lancaster, Massachusetts
land speculation
Langdon Jr., George D.
Las Casas, Bartolomé de, A Brief Relation of the Destruction of the Indies (1552)
Latham, Mary
Latham, Robert
Latham, Susanna (née Winslow)
Laud, William, Archbishop of Canterbury
Leiden, Netherlands: cloth industry; and French Protestant community; Pilgrim Museum; printing industry; and separatist churches; siege of; university
Levellers
Leverett, John
Little Ice Age
Little James (ship)
Locke, John
London, after the Civil War
Long Parliament (1640)
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth
Lost Tribes of Israel, theories about Indians
Lyford, Reverend John
Lyne, John
Lynn, Massachusetts
Mahieu, Hester see Cooke, Hester
Maine; in King Philip’s War
Mainford, John
Major’s Purchase (1662)
Malden, Massachusetts
Mann, Rachel
Manomet River
Marlborough, Massachusetts
Marshfield, Plymouth Colony (now Massachusetts); early buildings in; founded by Edward Winslow; officially incorporated as a town (1640)
Martha’s Vineyard
Martin, Christopher
Marvell, Andrew
Mary, Queen of Scots
Mary I, Queen (Mary Tudor)
Mashpee Indians
Mason, Captain John
Mason, Robert
Massachusetts Bay Colony: becomes dominant English power in New England; Charter revoked; creates official paper currency; established; and the Pequot War; relations with Plymouth Colony
Massachusetts Bay Company
Massachusetts Bay, Province of
Massasoit (Wampanoag chief): advises colonists to kill Wituwamat; ally of Plymouth colony; children of; death; life saved by Edward Winslow; listens to preachers in Pilgrims’ meeting house; rivalry with the Narragansett tribe; sells off land to the English
Massey, Sir Edward
Masterson, Richard
Mather, Cotton
Mather, Reverend Increase
Mather, Reverend Richard
Maverick, Samuel
Mayflower (ship): anchored in Provincetown harbour; anchors in Plymouth Harbour; birth of Peregrine White on; dogs taken on board; hired by the Pilgrims; returns to England; sets sail to America
Mayflower Compact
Mayhew, Reverend Thomas, the Younger
Medfield, Massachusetts
Mendon, Massachusetts
Merchant Adventurers; withdraw from investment in Colony
Metacom see Philip, King of the Wampanoags
Miantonomo (Narragansett chief); conflict with Uncas and the Mohegans; and the Pequot War
Middelburg, Netherlands
Middleborough, formerly Nemasket, Plymouth Colony (now Massachusetts)
millenarianism
Miller, Arthur, The Crucible
Milton, John
Mohawk tribe
Mohegan tribe
Monhegan Island, Maine
Montaigne, Michel de, ‘Of Canibals,’
Montauk Indians
Moosehead Lake, Maine
More, Ellen
More, Jasper
More, Samuel
More, Sir Thomas, Utopia
Morison, Samuel Eliot
Morton, Nathaniel
Morton, Thomas; New English Canaan
Moseley, Samuel
Mount Hope, Rhode Island: in 21st century; Josiah Winslow claims for Plymouth; and King Philip’s War; purchase of lands by colonists; Wampanoag stronghold
Mourt’s Relation (First report from Plymouth Colony)
Moyer, Samuel
Mullins, Joseph
Mullins, Priscilla
Mullins, William
Mystic River, Connecticut
Mystic River, Massachusetts
Nantasket, Massachusetts
Narragansett tribe; in King Philip’s War; mourn death of Miantonomo; and the Pequot War; petition Charles II; relations cool with the English; relations with Dutch colonists; resentment of English oppression; rivalry with the Pequot tribe; sell land in Rhode Island; war with Uncas and the Mohegans
Naumkeag (later Salem)
Naunton, Sir Robert
Nauset tribe
Navigation Acts, English
Nemasket (now Middleborough, Massachusetts)
Netherlands: introduction of the tulip; in the Little Ice Age; and Protestantism; war with Spain see also Anglo-Dutch wars; Leiden, Netherlands
New England Confederation see United Colonies of New England
New England Corporation
New England Council
New England Way
New Haven, Connecticut
New Model Army
New Netherland
New York
Newbury, Massachusetts
Newcomen, John
Newfoundland Company
Niantic tribe, eastern
Niantic tribe, western
Ninigret (chief of the eastern Niantics)
Nipmuck tribe
Nissenbaum, Stephen
Norton, Reverend John
Nunuit, Peter
Old South Meeting House, Boston
Oldham, John
Oneida people
Onondaga people
Orles, Jan Jansz
Palfrey, John Gorham
Parliamentary Committee for Foreign Plantations
Pascal, Blaise
Passaconaway (sachem of the Pennacook tribe)
Passe, Simon de
Paulucci, Lorenzo (Venetian ambassador to London)
Pawtucket Falls
Peake, Sir William
Peirce, John
Pelham, Edward
Pelham, Elizabeth (formerly Harlakenden, née Bossevile)
Pelham, Herbert: arrives in New England; death; dispute with Penelope Winslow over inheritance; friendship with Edward Winslow; interests in New England; marries Elizabeth Harlakenden; returns to England; sends silver candlestick as christening gift
Pelham, Jemima (née Waldegrave)
Pelham, Nathaniel
Pelham, Waldegrave
Pelham, Waldegrave (junior)
Pelham, William
Pemaquid, Maine
Penn, Admiral William (father of the founder of Pennsylvania)
Pennacook tribe
Penruddock Uprising
Pepys, Samuel
Pequot tribe; and the Pequot War; rivalry with the Narragansett tribe
Pequot War
Pessicus (brother of Miantonomo)
Peter, Hugh
Philip, King (Metacom, son of Massasoit): becomes chief of Wampanoags on Alexander’s death; described by John Josselyn in An Account of Two Voyages to New England: Made during the years 1638–1663 (W. Veazie, 1865); humiliation by the colonists; killed and dismembered by the Sakonnets; kindness to Mary Rowlandson; loss of ancestral land; marriage to Pocasset princess; rebellion against the English (‘King Philip’s war’); renamed Philip
Phips, Sir William
Pickering, Edward
Pierce, Captain
Pilgrim Hall Museum, Plymouth, Massachusetts
Pilgrims, voyage on the Mayflower
Piscataqua colony
Plymouth Colony: 1621 peace treaty with Indians; 1623 division of land; 1627 division of cattle; acquisition of land; attitude towards witchcraft; becomes part of Massachusetts; buy out the Merchant Adventurers; and education; effects of King Philip’s war; and the fur trade; investment in; and the Mayflower Compact; and the Pequot War; and Quakers; relations with Indians; relations with Mas
sachusetts Bay Colony; Vassall Bill for freedom of religion
Plymouth Harbour
Plymouth Rock
Pocahontas
Pocasset Swamp
Pocasset tribe
Pokanoket tribe
Popham Colony
Pory, John
Powhatan (father of Pocahontas, leader of Powhatan people)
Powhatan tribe (Algonquian people of area corresponding to eastern Virginia)
Praying Towns
Prence, Thomas, Governor of Plymouth Colony
Priest, Degory
Printer, James
Proctor, John
Provincetown, Plymouth Colony (now Massachusetts)
Purchasers (investors in Plymouth Colony)
Puritan literature
Puritanism
Pym, John
Pynchon family
Quachatassett (sachem of Manomet)
Quadequina (brother of Massasoit)
Quakers
Quincy, Massachusetts
Quinnapin (Narragansett prince, husband of Weetamoo)
Rainborowe, Thomas
Raleigh, Sir Walter
Randolph, Edward
Reformation, English
Remonstrance (petition against the power of the New England churches)
Restoration, of the English monarchy, 1660
Rhode Island: Anne Hutchinson settles in; excluded from New England Confederation; freedom of religion in; and land purchase; refusal to take part in King Philip’s War; Samuel Gorton settles in; seen as ‘heretical,’; try to claim Indian territory; Wampanoag territory
Rich, Robert see Warwick, Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of
Richmond Palace, England
Robinson, Bridget
Robinson, Dame Anne
Robinson, Isaac
Robinson, John: bids farewell to the Pilgrims; continues to influence Pilgrims from Leiden; death; fails to attract funds to emigrate; lobbies for licence to emigrate; The People’s Plea for the Exercise of Prophesying; and the Scrooby community in Leiden
Robinson, Mercie
Rogers, Joseph
Rogers, Thomas
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano
Rowlandson, Mary
Roxbury, Massachusetts
Sakonnet tribe
Salem (formerly Naumkeag), Massachusetts; witchcraft trials
Salisbury, Neal; Manitou and Providence
Saltonstall, Nathaniel
Samoset (Wampanoag sachem from Pemaquid, Maine)
samplers
Sandwich, Massachusetts
Sandys, Sir Edwin
Sanford, Peleg
Sassacus (Pequot chief)
Sassamon, John
Saybrook fort
Saybrook plantation
Saye and Sele, William Fiennes, 1st Baron
Scituate, Plymouth Colony (now Massachusetts)
Scrooby church; plans to emigrate to New World
scurvy
Sealed Knot (Royalist resistance movement)
Second Peirce Patent
Seekonk River, Rhode Island
Sempringham, Lincolnshire
Seneca people
separatist churches
Sepúlveda, Juan Ginés de
Sequasson (Connecticut sachem)
Sewall, Samuel
Shakespeare, William; The Tempest
Sheffield, Lord (Edmund, 1st Earl of Mulgrave)
Shepard, Thomas
Sherley, James
silverware
Skelton, Reverend Samuel
Skowhegan, Maine
Slaney, John (Treasurer of the Newfoundland Company)
slavery: African slaves; Desire (first slave ship in New England, 1638); Pequot Indians sold into; protests at slavery in King Philip’s War; slaves at Careswell in 18th century; Wampanoag Indians sold into, King Philip’s War
smallpox; epidemic (1633)
Smibert, John
Smith, John: belief in transmitting European culture to Indians; and the Indian language; and Jamestown; on Maine; maps of New England; named Cape Cod; and Pocahontas; promotion of colonisation; theories about Indians
Smith, Thomas
Soule, George
Sowams
Spanish Empire: and the attack on Hispaniola; colonisation of the Americas; and the Netherlands
Speedwell (boat)
Spenser, Edmund
Springfield, Massachusetts
Sprunger, Keith
Squanto (Patuxet Wampanoag, Massasoit’s ambassador to the Pilgrims): carried off by slave ship; catches eels for Pilgrims; dies; lives in London with John Slaney; returns to New England on Dermer expedition
Squibb, Arthur
St Bartholomew’s Day Massacre
St Olave’s Church, London
Standish, Loara
Standish, Myles, Captain; background and military expertise; death; friendship with Hobbamock; kills Wituwamat and other Indian chiefs; military leader of the Pilgrims; rescues Squanto; settles in Duxbury, Massachusetts
Standish, Rose
Stannard, Anne (née Pelham)
Stannard, Samuel
Steele, William
Stone, John
Storey, Elias
Stoughton, Israel
Strachey, William
Sudbury, Massachusetts
Swanenburg, Isaac van
Swansea, Plymouth Colony (now Massachusetts)
Tacitus
Takamunna (younger brother of Wamsutta)
Tatobem (Pequot chief)
Taunton, Plymouth Colony (now Massachusetts)
Thacher, Margaret (mother-in-law of Jonathan Curwen)
Thanksgiving, first celebration
Third Church of Boston
Thirty Years War
Thompson, David
Thompson, Edward
Thoreau, Henry David
Thorowgood, Thomas, Jews in America
Thurloe, John
Tilley, Edward
Tilley, John
Tilly, John
Tispaquin (Black Sachem of Namassaket)
Tompson, Benjamin
Tradescant, John, the Elder and Younger (father & son)
Treaty of Hartford (1638)
Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
Trumbull, Reverend Benjamin
Uncas (Mohegan chief): agitates against Miantonomo; becomes English ally; captures and executes Miantonomo; friendship with Jonathan Brewster; and King Philip’s War; in the Pequot War; protected by United Colonies; war with the Narragansetts
Underhill, John; Newes from America (1638)
Undertakers (of the Colony’s debt)
United Colonies of New England (New England Confederation); and King Philip’s War
Valladolid Debate (1550)
Van Hout, Jan
Vane, Christopher
Vane, Sir Henry, the Younger
Vassall, Samuel (English Member of Parliament)
Vassall, William
Vaughan, Alden T.
Vaughan, Thomas
Venables, General Robert
Vere, Sir Horace
Vermeer, Johannes
Verrazzano, Giovanni da
Vietnam War
Virginia Company
Virginia massacre (1622)
Vitoria, Francisco de
Vowell, Peter
Wadsworth, Captain Samuel
Waiandance (Montauk chief)
Wake, Amie (née Cutler, wife of Captain William Wake)
Wake, Captain William (nephew of Edward Winslow, royalist soldier): ‘rebel uncle’ saves him from the gallows; Penruddock Uprising
Wake, Edward (nephew of Edward Winslow); investor in Josiah’s business
Wake, Magdalen (née Winslow)
Wake, Reverend William
Wake, William, Archbishop of Canterbury
Waldegrave, Thomas
Walker, John
Walley, Reverend Thomas
Wallis, Thomas
Wallmaker, John (Indian, also
known as Stonewall John)
Walloons see French Protestant (Walloon) community
Wampanoag tribe: befriend the Plymouth colonists; on Cape Cod; and death of Alexander (Wamsutta); devastated by plague; relations break down with colonists; treatment by the English
Wampatuck, Josias (alias Chickatabut)
wampum, also known as peag, see death of Hezekiah Willet; and wampumpeag
Wamsutta see Alexander (alias Wamsutta, son of Massasoit)
Warren, Elizabeth
Warren, Mary
Warren, Richard
Warwick, Rhode Island (previously Shawomet)
Warwick, Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of
Watertown, Massachusetts
Webster, Senator Daniel
Weetamoo (queen of the Pocassets): death; in King Philip’s War; loss of ancestral land; marries Wamsutta (Alexander); Mary Rowlandson sold to; Peter Nunuit, husband; protected by the Narragansetts
Weld, Reverend Thomas
Wensley, John
Wessagusset (later Weymouth)
West Indies
Western Design (1655)
Westmorland, Mildmay Fane, 2nd Earl of
Weston, Thomas
Wethersfield, Connecticut
Weymouth, Massachesetts
Whalley, Edward (regicide)
Wheelwright, John
Whistler, Henry
Whitaker, Alexander
White, Reverend John; The Planter’s Plea
White, Judith (née Vassall)
White, Peregrine; born on the Mayflower (1620); death (1704)
White, Resolved
White, William
Whitgift, John, Archbishop of Canterbury
Wickford, Rhode Island
Wilde, John
Wilde, Sir Edward
Wilde family
Willett, Hezekiah
Willett, Sarah
Willett, Thomas
William III, King (William of Orange), Declaration of Reasons for Appearing in Arms in England
William the Silent
Williams, Mary (wife of Roger Williams)
Williams, Roger: affection for Indians; against the conversion of Indians and Praying Towns, 206, 235, see also Christenings Make Not Christians (1645); criticism of Massachusetts and royal charter for the Providence plantations (1644); death; decision to emigrate; declares Massachusetts charter invalid; home and plantation burned by the Narragansetts; on Indian warfare; and King Philip’s War; on land in New England; relations with the Narragansetts; on rivalry between Canonicus and Massasoit; on Samuel Gorton; A Key into the Language of America
Wilson, Reverend John
Wincoll, Isaac
Windsor, Connecticut
Winslow, Edward (1595–1655): assassination attempt on, by Kennebec Indians at Cushnoc (1642); background and education; on the Colony’s relations with Indians; civil commissioner on English expedition to attack Spanish West Indies; commissions coat of arms; death and burial at sea; debts; first Englishman to see the Connecticut River; against freedom of religion in New England, and Vassall; friendship with Massasoit, Wampanoag chief; friendship with Roger Williams; home in Marshfield, Massachusetts; home in Plymouth Colony; imprisoned in London (1634); influenced by John Winthrop; interest in Indian culture; leaves London for Leiden; London agent for the colonies; marries Elizabeth Barker; marries Susanna White; and the Massachusetts Bay Colonists; and the Mayflower Compact; Mourt’s Relation (1622); New England Corporation; portrait of; prepares to emigrate to America; Puritanism of; relations with Indians; resists English Parliament’s interference in the New England colonies; returns to England (1646); successful career in Commonwealth London; voyage on the Mayflower; Good News from New England (1624)
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