Women Drug Traffickers

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Women Drug Traffickers Page 39

by Elaine Carey


  discretion

  distance

  document forgery

  domestic production, Mexican

  drug control and policy: extradition in

  in law

  of medical professionals

  from Mexican Department of Health

  of Mexican government

  professionalism in

  race in

  shared narconarratives and

  on supply and demand

  transnational

  of U.S. government

  U.S.-Mexico border. See also drug war

  Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA)

  Blanco for

  formation of

  Garnica corruption in

  on Latin American Triangle

  on women’s equality in drug trade

  drug enforcement and enforcement agencies: in anti-Chinese movement

  on Blanco

  body cavity searches by

  collaboration of

  international

  marijuana

  la Nacha sting by

  of opium

  professionalism and professionalization of

  surveillance from

  U.S.-Canada border

  U.S. government on

  women in. See also police, drug enforcement, and security force corruption; and specific agencies

  drug family: addiction and

  of Ávila, Sandra

  Beland

  la Chata use of

  drug trade women’s role in

  Hernandez

  of León

  of la Nacha

  Ochoa

  Price Daniel hearings on

  women peddlers and connection to

  drug trade: Blanco distance from

  Ciudad Juárez in

  class transcended in

  communism associated with

  community relationship to

  at Fort Bliss

  gender in

  geographical sources of

  globalization of

  Latin American Triangle in

  modernization of

  money laundering

  as “open secret”

  power from

  in prisons

  profit

  race, sexuality, and

  as social safety net

  technology. See also men, in drug trade; Mexican drugs and drug trade; transnational and transnational trafficking; women, in drug trade; and specific drugs

  drug use: in California

  criminality and

  deviance and

  gender roles infringed upon by

  Mexican criminologists and Porfiriato

  Mexican Department of Health on

  of Mexican people

  in prisons

  after Prohibition

  prostitution and

  race and

  religion conflicting with

  as sickness

  social change and acceptance of

  as solitary or private

  by U.S. soldiers

  drug war: Cold War meeting

  language

  politics in

  Scharff in

  U.S. government and

  violence from

  Echeverría, Luis

  economy, informal: family in

  in Mexico

  profit of

  women exploiting

  economy, smuggling impact on

  Ehrlichman, John

  equality

  Escobar, Pablo

  Escudero Romano, Enrique

  eugenics. See race and racism

  European superiority

  extradition: Argentinean government and

  arrest, imprisonment, and

  Blanco and

  in drug control and policy

  Harrison Narcotics Act and

  Mexican and U.S. government collaboration in

  of la Nacha

  of Sarmiento

  family. See also drug family

  Federal Bureau of Narcotics (FBN)

  BNDD from

  on drug trade men and women as partners

  establishment of

  in Mexico

  Salazar Viniegra campaigned against by

  on transnational trafficking. See also Anslinger, Harry J.

  Federal Security Directorate (DFS)

  feminine and feminism

  food, marijuana in

  Ford, Don Henry

  foreigners and foreign enemies: crime associated with

  hierarchy of

  medical professionals and

  modernity and technology associated with

  narcotics linked to

  national identity and

  politicians blaming

  women in drug trade as. See also race and racism

  Fort Bliss

  franchises and franchising, trafficking

  French Connection

  Fuller, Stuart

  Galindo Barragán, Ismelda

  Gallardo, Ángel Félix

  Gamboa, Federico

  Garnica, Martha

  gender and gender roles: in crime

  in drug trade

  drug use and infringement on

  trafficking stereotypes of

  transnational concepts relation to. See also masculinity and masculine world

  geography, drug trade

  globalization, of drug trade

  The Godmother (Smitten)

  Goethe, C. M.

  González, Héctor

  González, Julio M.

  González, Pablo “El Pablote”

  Gootenberg, Paul

  Gordon, Avery

  Gorman, Thomas

  Great Depression

  Guadalajara cartel

  Gulf Coast region

  guns, smuggling of

  Halperin, Jorge

  Hammond, Lulu

  Harrison Narcotics Tax Act

  addiction and transnational trafficking from

  extradition for violation of

  medical profession and requirements of

  healers, traditional

  health. See social hygiene and health

  healthcare

  Herlinghaus, Hermann

  Hernandez family

  heroin: addiction

  danger of

  media on trade in

  medical professionals prescribing

  in Mexican drug trade

  processing

  transnational trafficking in

  Hornsday, W. D.

  Huesca de la Fuente, Luis

  human trafficking

  Hurley, Alice

  Hustlin’ With the Godmother

  identity

  illicit or illegal flows: in Ciudad Juárez

  globalization and

  in local controlled spaces

  mules’ importance in drug

  into prisons

  along U.S.-Mexico border

  women as mules in

  immigrants and immigration. See also foreigners and foreign enemies

  Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS)

  imports and importation. See also smuggling; transnational and transnational trafficking

  imprisonment. See arrest and imprisonment; prisons

  INS. See Immigration and Naturalization Service

  international drug trade. See transnational and transnational trafficking

  Iturralde, Frank

  Jaramillo, Enrique

  Jasso González, Ignacia. See also la Nacha

  kinship. See also drug family; men, in drug trade

  laboratories, drug

  language

  Latin American Triangle

  law, legal, and legality: contraband smuggling

  drug policy in

  healers not addressed in

  individuals, nation-states, and

  legitimacy compared to

  for medical professionals

  race in drug policy and. See also drug control and policy; Harrison Na
rcotics Tax Act; illicit or illegal flows

  LC-23. See Liga Comunista 23 de Septiembre

  legitimacy and legitimate

  León, Maria “Chata”

  Levine, Michael

  Licata, Victor

  Liddy, G. Gordon

  life and lifestyle, of drug trade women

  Liga Comunista 23 de Septiembre (Communist League of September 23, or LC-23)

  Lilliestrom, T. L.

  local controlled spaces

  Loeffelholz-Brandstatter, Naftali

  Loeffelholz-Brandstatter ring

  López, Demetrio

  Lung Sung

  Man in the Green Hat scandal

  The Man Who Made It Snow (Mermelstein)

  María Full of Grace

  marijuana

  Department of Health on

  drug enforcement

  in food

  healthcare application of

  Mexican criminologist on

  Mexican deviance and

  in Mexican drugs

  in Mexican prisons

  origins of

  Prohibition and

  violence and “reefer madness” from

  Martinez-Carcano, Joseph

  masculinity and masculine world: Blanco and

  in bootlegging

  drug trade women and

  Maxim

  MCC. See Metropolitan Corrections Center

  Medellín cartel

  media: drug trade women narconarratives from

  on equality for drug trade women

  on gender roles in crime

  on heroin trade

  on Mexican deviance and marijuana

  on la Nacha

  on police corruption and trafficking

  on Wendt

  medical profession and professionals: on cocaine

  drug policy and control of

  as foreign enemies

  healers competing with

  heroin and opium prescribed by

  men: in bootlegging

  feminine in Chinese

  U.S.-Mexico border smuggling by

  men, in drug trade: common roles of

  drug trade women and profit of

  drug trade women partnering with

  feminine for manipulating

  violence of

  La Merced

  Mermelstein, Max

  Metropolitan Corrections Center (MCC)

  Mexican: criminologists

  immigrants

  Mafia

  shipping and ports

  Mexican drugs and drug trade: cocaine in

  domestic production hampered by

  heroin in

  history of

  importation of

  international drug trade and

  marijuana in

  Mexican Revolution and

  mind-altering substances in

  nationalism in

  poppy in

  Prohibition impacting

  student movements linked to

  U.S. organized crime and

  Mexican government and authorities, post-revolutionary: anti-Chinese movement in

  la Chata connection to

  la Chata for

  drug control and policy from

  Mexican immigrant repatriation by

  modernization attempts of

  la Nacha and relationship with

  opium control and policy

  Prohibition, “tolerance zones,” and

  social hygiene and health from

  student movements opposing

  surveillance of

  U.S. government and drug policy of

  U.S. government collaboration with

  youth culture of 1960s and

  Mexican people and populace: alcoholism and vice of

  crime and racism impacting

  deviance among

  drug use of

  social hygiene and health of

  Mexican Revolution

  for lower class women

  Mexican drug trade and

  Mexican government social hygiene and health after

  nationhood after

  racism after

  social impact of. See also Mexican government and authorities, post-revolutionary

  Mexico

  anti-Chinese movement in

  Chinese immigrants in

  FBN in

  foreigners and national identity of

  informal economy in

  international drug enforcement response of

  opium use in

  poppy cultivation in

  smuggling role of

  street market peddling in

  in transnational trafficking

  U.S. government narconarrative on

  women peddlers in

  Meza Terán, J.

  militarization, of U.S.-Mexico border

  mind-altering substances

  mobility, of drug trade women

  modernity and modernization

  money laundering: drug trade

  drug trade women in

  Morgenthau, Henry

  motivations, of drug trade women

  mules and couriers. See also women, as mules

  mutual aid societies

  la Nacha: arrest and imprisonment of

  community response to

  discretion exercised by

  drug enforcement agency sting of

  drug family of

  drug trade men partnering with

  extradition of

  media on

  Mexican authorities and relationship with

  in Price Daniel hearings

  real name of

  religion for

  transnational trafficking of

  for U.S. government

  U.S.-Mexico border drug policies and

  Nahum Altaled, Vida

  narconarratives and narcodramas: Blanco inspiring

  on drug trade as “open secret”

  drug trade women in media

  on drug use and deviance

  historical

  Mexico and U.S. government

  shared drug policy and

  student movements and Mexican drug trade

  of vice in North America

  of women peddlers

  narcotics: foreigners linked to

  national security and

  transnational policing of

  U.S. history of

  narcotics farms

  nation, nationhood, and nationalism: addiction impacting

  crime racialized in

  foreigners and identity of

  legality from individuals and

  Mexican drug trade and

  after Mexican Revolution

  narcotics and security of

  social hygiene and health in building

  national borders and border regions

  Nixon, Richard

  Nordstrom, Carolyn

  North America

  Ochoa family

  “open or public secret,” of drug trade

  Operation Cooperation

  Operation Intercept

  opium and opiates

  addiction

  Chinese in Mexican

  drug enforcement of

  Mexican government control of

  post-revolutionary Mexico and use of

  Prohibition and

  in U.S.

  U.S. government on

  organized crime

  Orsini, Dominique

  Padilla, Ezequiel

  Palm, Oscar

  Palombo, Bob

  Parada, Lilia

  Partido de los Pobres (Party of the Poor)

  peddling

  police, drug enforcement, and security force corruption

  DFS

  of Garnica

  mutual aid societies and

  organized crime and

  in trafficking

  policing. See drug enforcement and enforcement agencies

  politics, politicians, and political subversion: on drug trade and fore
ign enemies

  in drug war

  student movements and

  violence and

  women in

  poppy. See also opium and opiates

  popular culture

  Porfiriato

  Porter, Stephen G.

  poverty, of drug trade women

  power: of Ávila, Sandra, and Carvajal

  Blanco’s access to

  Chinese struggles over

  from drug trade

  mutual aid societies struggling for

  through sexuality and woman’s body

  through violence

  Price Daniel hearings: on addiction

  on drug families

  on drug trade women

  on Mexican heroin

  Mexican transnational trafficking in

  la Nacha in

  prisons: addiction in

  drug trade and use in

  illicit flows into

  as local controlled space

  marijuana in Mexican

  MCC in. See also arrest and imprisonment

  privacy or private

  processing, drug

  professionalism and professionalization

  profit: from cocaine

  drug trade

  of informal economy

  of men from drug trade women

  street market

  transnational trafficking

  of U.S.-Mexico border smuggling

  violence relationship to

  Prohibition: bootlegging during

  drug use after

  history following

  Mexican drugs and alcohol impacted by

  Mexican government, “tolerance zones,” and

  WCTU and

  prostitution

  Blanco in

  for drug trade women

  drug use and

  Pure Food and Drug Act

  Quintero Payán, Juan José

  race and racism: against Chinese

  crime linked to

  in drug policy and law

  drug trade, sexuality, and

  drug use and

  of European superiority

  against Mexican immigrants

  after Mexican Revolution

  trafficking stereotypes of

  in vice

  rape

  recidivism

  “reefer madness”

  religion

  Restrepo, Edgar

  Roark, Garland

  Rockefeller, John D.

  Rodríguez, José María

  Rodríguez Pérez, Purificación

  Román Valdez, José

  Roosevelt, Franklin D.

  Rosas Trejo, Margarita

  Rossendahl, Francis

  Rossi, Dalays

  Roumagnac, Carlos

  Ruffin, James E.

  Said, Edward

  Salas Obregón, Ignacio

  Salazar, Ruben

  Salazar Viniegra, Leopoldo

  on la Chata

  on drug use

  FBN campaign against

  Sánchez Velázquez, Teresa

  Sarmiento, Yolanda

  arrest and imprisonment of

  escape of

  extradition of

  as informant

  police corruption and

  trafficking stereotypes and

  transnational trafficking of

  violence from

  Scharff, Alvin: on drug trade women

 

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