by Ray Takeyh
Iranian foreign policy and, 70–71, 75, 146, 200
Iraq and, 71–72, 181
Lebanon and, 204, 206
Taheri, Jalaleddin, 48–49
Tajzadeh, Mostafa, 155
Talabani, Jalal, 181, 182
Taliban, 79, 80, 122, 144
Tariqui, Hamid Reza, 36
technical assistance, nuclear program and, 136–37, 137–38, 138–39
technocrats. See pragmatists’ faction
territorial integrity, of Iraq, 177, 183–84
terrorism
al-Qaeda and, 222
Arab East region and, 74, 75
chemical weapons and, 142
Iranian nuclear program and, 147
against Israel, 128, 190–91, 202–7
Khatami presidency and, 112, 114
Khomeini and, 20
Persian Gulf region and, 65, 70
against the United States, 67
U.S. foreign policy and, 222–23, 224–26
terror tactics, against opposition parties, 27–28, 52
theocracy
consolidation of, following Iranian Revolution, 20–30, 65–66, 96–97, 97–98, 99–100, 100–101
constitution, of the Islamic Republic and, 25
Iraq and, 167, 179, 180–81
Khomeini and, 25
Persian Gulf region and, 64
timeline, for nuclear weapons, 139–40, 154
Tokyo Conference (2002), 123
totalitarianism, 29, 35–36, 46, 47–48, 55, 90
Truman administration, 89
Tudeh Party, 22, 77, 92
tyranny, in the Middle East, 12
United Nations, 152, 158, 160, 172. See also international community
United States
Arab East region and, 72
Arab-Israeli peace process and, 74
Central Asia and, 79, 80
the Cold War and, 62
Gulf War and, 66–67
Iranian public opinion and, 129–30, 155
Iran-Iraq War and, 173, 174
Middle Eastern allies of, 19
occupation of Iraq, 177–87
Persian Gulf region and, 63–64, 68, 69
promotion of democracy in Iran and, 218–19
Saudi Arabia and, 64
terrorism against, 67
views of Iran, 217
United States, Iranian relations with
conservative faction and, 132–34
future of, 6–7, 219–26
Iran-Contra affair and, 85, 103–10
Iranian nuclear program and, 135, 137–38, 143–46, 147, 150, 152–53, 158–60
Iraq and, 26, 162–63, 176, 184–85
key moments in, 83–85
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah, 165
Mossadeq coup and, 84, 85–95
Om uprising and, 16, 17
in post–September 11 period, 118–34
reformist faction and, 9, 52–54, 110–16
U.S. Embassy crisis and, 24–25, 84, 95–103
universities, 28, 46–47. See also students
uranium enrichment facilities, 137, 138, 139, 160. See also nuclear program, Iranian
U.S. Embassy crisis, 24–25, 83, 84, 95–103, 113, 116
USS Vincennes, 174
velayat-e faqih, 25, 179. See also theocracy
Velayati, Ali Akbar, 41, 113, 150, 180–81, 198
weapons of mass destruction, 128, 129, 143, 148–49. See also chemical weapons; nuclear weapons
West, the. See also anti-Western ideology; international community
cultural influences of, 36
economic issues and, 133–34
imperialism of, 61–62
Iran-Iraq War and, 171, 173, 176
Israel and, 194
Khomeini and, 15–16
Muhammad Khatami and, 111–12
perceptions of Iranian politics in, 55
West Bank and Gaza Strip, Israeli occupation of, 194
Wolfowitz, Paul, 126
women, in Iran, 28, 36, 41–42
Woolsey, James, 127
working conditions, oil industry and, 86
World Bank, 40–41, 42
Yazdi, Ibrahim, 97
Yazdi, Muhammad Mesbah, 35–36, 113
youth
conservative faction and, 36, 39
democratic institutions and, 56–57
economic issues and, 121
Israel and, 208
nuclear program and, 155–56
pragmatists’ faction and, 41, 42
Zahedi, Ardeshir, 136
Zawahiri, Ayman al-, 74
Zionism, 189, 190, 193, 197, 198–99. See also Israel
Zolqadr, Muhammad Baqer, 203
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
RAY TAKEYH is a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, where he concentrates his work on Iran, Islamist movements, and Middle Eastern politics. He has held positions at the National Defense University, Yale University, and the University of California, Berkeley. His work has appeared in Foreign Affairs, Foreign Policy, The Washington Post, the Los Angeles Times, the Financial Times, and the International Herald Tribune. He lives in Washington, D.C.