Madsen, K. M., and M. Vestergaard. “MMR Vaccination and Autism: What Is the Evidence for a Causal Association?” Drug Safety 27 (2004): 831–840.
Miller, E. “Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine and the Development of Autism,” Seminars in Pediatric Infectious Diseases 14 (2003): 199–206.
Public Health Laboratory Service. “Measles Outbreak in London,” Communicable Diseases Report Weekly 12 (2002): 1.
Stratton, K., A. Gable, and P. M. M. Shetty. “Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine and Autism,” Institute of Medicine, Immunization Safety Review Committee. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press, 2001.
Taylor, B., E. Miller, C. P. Farrington, et al. “Autism and Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine: No Epidemiological Evidence for a Causal Association,” Lancet 353 (1999): 2026–2029.
Taylor, B., E. Miller, R. Lingam, et al. “Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccination and Bowel Problems or Developmental Regression in Children with Autism: a Population Study,” British Medical Journal 324 (2002): 393–396.
Wakefield, A. J., S. H. Murch, A. Anthony, et al. “Ileal-Lymphoid-Nodular Hyperplasia, Non-Specific Colitis, and Pervasive Developmental Disorder in Children,” Lancet 351 (1998): 637–641 (retracted).
Weiss, S. “Eat Dirt—The Hygiene Hypothesis and Allergic Diseases,” New England Journal of Medicine 347 (2002): 390–391.
Wilson K., E. Mills, C. Ross, et al. “Association of Autistic Spectrum Disorder and the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine: a Systematic Review of Current Epidemiological Evidence,” Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine 157 (2003): 628–634.
Thimerosal
Andrews, N., E. Miller, A. Grant, et al. “Thimerosal Exposure in Infants and Developmental Disorders: a Retrospective Cohort Study in the United Kingdom Does Not Show a Causal Association,” Pediatrics 114 (2004): 584–591.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Thimerosal in Vaccines: a Joint Statement of the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Public Health Service,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 48 (1999): 563–565.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Recommendations Regarding the Use of Vaccines that Contain Thimerosal as a Preservative,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 48 (1999): 996–998.
Clark, S. J., M. D. Cabana, T. Malik, et al. “Hepatitis B Vaccination Practices in Hospital Newborn Nurseries Before and After Changes in Vaccination Recommendations,” Archives of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine 155 (2001): 915–920.
Fombonne, E., R. Zakarian, A. Bennett, et al. “Pervasive Developmental Disorders in Montreal, Quebec, Canada: Prevalence and Links with Immunization,” Pediatrics 118 (2006): 139–150.
Gundacker, C., B. Pietschnig, K. J. Wittmann, et al. “Lead and Mercury in Breast Milk,” Pediatrics 110 (2002): 873–878.
Heron, J., J. Golding, and the ALSPAC Study Team. “Thimerosal Exposure in Infants and Developmental Disorders: a Prospective Cohort Study in the United Kingdom Does Not Show a Causal Association,” Pediatrics 114 (2004): 577–583.
Hviid, A., M. Stellfeld, J. Wohlfahrt, et al. “Association Between Thimerosal-Containing Vaccine and Autism,” Journal of the American Medical Association 290 (2003): 1763–1766.
Institute of Medicine (US) Immunization Safety Review Committee, D. Stratton, A. Gable, and M. C. McCormick (eds.). Immunization Safety Review: Thimerosal-Containing Vaccines and Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press, 2001.
Marsh, D. O., T. W. Clarkson, C. Cox, et al. “Fetal Methylmercury Poisoning: Relationship Between Concentration in Single Strands of Maternal Hair and Child Effects,” Archives of Neurology 44 (1987): 1017–1022.
Nelson, K. B., and M. L. Bauman. “Thimerosal and Autism?” Pediatrics 111 (2003): 664–679.
Parker, S. K., B. Schwartz, J. Todd, et al. “Thimerosal-Containing Vaccines and Autistic Spectrum Disorder: a Critical Review of Published Original Data,” Pediatrics 114 (2004): 793–804.
Thompson, W. W., C. Price, B. Goodson, et al. “Early Thimerosal Exposure and Neuropsychological Outcomes at 7 to 10 Years,” New England Journal of Medicine 357 (2007): 1281–1292.
Verstraeten, T., R. L. Davis, F. DeStefano, et al. “Safety of Thimerosal-Containing Vaccines: a Two-Phased Study of Computerized Health Maintenance Organization Databases,” Pediatrics 112 (2003): 1039–1048.
E-cigarettes
American Academy of Pediatrics. “Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems,” Pediatrics 136 (2015): 1018–1026.
Brown, J., E. Beard, D. Kotz, et al. “Real-World Effectiveness of E-Cigarettes When Used to Aid Smoking Cessation: A Cross-Sectional Population Study,” Addiction 109 (2014): 1531–1540.
Clarke, T. “Youth E-Cigarette Data Prompts Call to Speed Regulation,” Reuters, April 18, 2015.
Davidson, L. “Vaping Takes Off as E-Cigarettes Break Through $6BN,” Telegraph, June 23, 2015.
Farsalinos, K. E., and R. Poisa. “Safety Evaluation and Risk Assessment of Electronic Cigarettes as Tobacco Cigarette Substitutes: A Systematic Review,” Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety 5 (2014): 67–86.
Friedman, A. S. “How Does Electronic Cigarette Access Affect Adolescent Smoking?” Journal of Health Economics, October 19, 2015, doi:10.1016/j.healeco.2015.10.003.
Green, S. H., R. Bayer, and A. L. Fairchild. “Evidence, Policy, and E-Cigarettes—Will England Reframe the Debate,” New England Journal of Medicine 374 (2016): 1301–1303.
Haelle, T. “Teen Vaping Triples: E-Cigarettes, Hookahs Threaten Drop in Teen Tobacco Use,” Forbes, April 17, 2015.
Haelle, T. “E-Cigarettes Benefit Public Health If Used to Replace Smoking, Say British Doctors,” Forbes, April 28, 2016.
Herzog, B. “Will Electronic Cigarettes Pass Combustible Cigarette Sales Within the Next 10 Years,” www.breatheic.com/blog/will-electronic-cigarette-pass-combustible-cigarette-sales-within-the-next-10-years-2/.
Jamal, A., I. T. Israel, E. O’Connor, et al. “Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults—United States, 2005–2013,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 63 (2014): 1108–1112.
Jamal, A. J., D. M. Homa, E. O’Connor, et al. “Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults—United States, 2005–2014,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 64 (2015): 1235–1240.
Klein, J. D. “Electronic Cigarettes Are Another Route to Nicotine Addiction for Youth,” Journal of the American Medical Association Pediatrics, September 8, 2015, doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.1929.
McNeill, A. B., C. R. Hitchman, P. Hajek, and H. McRobbie. E-Cigarettes: An Evidence Update, A Report Commissioned by Public Health England. Public Health England, August 2015.
Nitzkin, J. “E-Cigarettes: A Life Saving Technology or a Way for Tobacco Companies to Re-Normalize Smoking in American Society,” The Food and Drug Law Institute 4 (2014): 1–17.
Nitzkin, J. “Understanding the Crusade Against E-Cigarettes,” rstreet.org, November 23, 2015.
Nocera, J. “Is Vaping Worse Than Smoking?” New York Times, January 27, 2015.
Satel, S. “What’s Driving the War on E-Cigarettes?” National Review, June 1, 2015.
Satel, S. “The Year in E-Cigarettes: The Good, the Bad, the Reason for Optimism,” Forbes, December 31, 2015.
Bisphenol A
Groopman, J. “The Plastic Panic: How Worried Should We Be About Everyday Chemicals,” The New Yorker, May 31, 2010.
Hall, H. “Phthalates and BPA: Of Mice and Men,” Science-Based Medicine, December 13, 2011.
Hengstler, J. G., H. Foth, T. Gebel, et al. “Critical Evaluation of Key Evidence on the Human Health Hazards of Exposure to Bisphenol A,” Critical Reviews in Toxicology 41 (2011): 263–291.
Hinterthuer, A. “Just How Harmful Are Bisphenol A Plastics?” Scientific American, September 2008.
Kennedy, L. “Bisphenol A Is Harmless,” The Skeptics Society Forum, March 11, 2013.
Cancer Screening
Ablin, R. J. “The Great Prostate Mistake,” New York Times, March 9, 2010.
Ahn, H. S., H. J. Kim, and
H. G. Welch. “Korea’s Thyroid Cancer ‘Epidemic’—Screening and Overdiagnosis,” New England Journal of Medicine 371 (2014): 1765–1767.
Ahn, H. S., and H. G. Welch. “South Korea’s Thyroid Cancer ‘Epidemic’—Turning the Tide,” New England Journal of Medicine 373 (2015): 2389–2390.
Ashwanden, C. “Why I’m Opting Out of Mammography,” Journal of the American Medical Association Internal Medicine 175 (2015): 164–165.
Bangma, C. H., S. Roemeling, and F. H. Schröder. “Overdiagnosis and Overtreatment of Early Detected Prostate Cancer,” World Journal of Urology 25 (2007): 3–9.
Bernstein, Lenny. “After New Guidelines, U.S. Sees Sharp Decline in Prostate Cancer Screenings—And Diagnoses,” Washington Post, November 17, 2015.
Bleyer, A., and H. G. Welch, “Effect of Three Decades of Screening Mammography on Breast-Cancer Incidence,” New England Journal of Medicine 367 (2012): 1998–2005.
Elmore, J. G., and R. Etzioni. “Effect of Screening Mammography on Cancer Incidence and Mortality,” Journal of the American Medical Association Internal Medicine 175 (2015): 1490–1491.
Esserman, L., Y. Shieh, and I. Thompson. “Rethinking Screening for Breast Cancer and Prostate Cancer,” Journal of the American Medical Association 302 (2009): 1685–1692.
Etzioni, R., D. F. Penson, J. M. Legler, et al. “Overdiagnosis Due to Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening: Lessons from U.S. Prostate Cancer Incidence Trends,” Journal of the National Cancer Institute 94 (2002): 981–990.
Garas, G., A. Qureishi, F. Palazzo, et al. “Should We Be Operating on All Thyroid Cancers?” Paper presented at the Fifth Congress of the International Federation of Head and Neck Oncological Societies, July 26–30, 2014, New York, Abstract P0085.
Gawande, A. “Overkill: An Avalanche of Unnecessary Medical Care Is Harming Patients Physically and Financially. What Can We Do About It?” The New Yorker, May 11, 2015.
Grady, Denise. “Early Prostate Cancer Cases Fall Along with Screening,” New York Times, November 17, 2015.
Hafner, Katie. “A Breast Cancer Surgeon Who Keeps Challenging the Status Quo,” New York Times, September 28, 2015.
Harding, C., F. Pompei, D. Burmistrov, et al. “Breast Cancer Screening, Incidence, and Mortality Across US Counties,” Journal of the American Medical Association Internal Medicine 175 (2015): 1483–1489.
Kaplan, K. “Screening Mammograms Don’t Prevent Breast Cancer Deaths,” Los Angeles Times, July 6, 2015.
Kolata, G. “Study Points to Overdiagnosis of Thyroid Cancer,” New York Times, November 5, 2014.
Kolata, G. “It’s Not Cancer: Doctors Reclassify a Thyroid Tumor,” New York Times, April 14, 2016.
Lee, J-H, and S. W. Shin. “Overdiagnosis and Screening of Thyroid Cancer in Korea,” Lancet 384 (2014): 1848.
McCullough, M. “When Mammograms Are More Harm Than Help,” Philadelphia Inquirer, July 12, 2015.
Moyer, V. A., on behalf of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. “Screening for Prostate Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement,” Annals of Internal Medicine 157 (2012): 120–134.
Narod, S. A., J. Iqbal, V. Giannakeas, et al. “Breast Cancer Mortality After a Diagnosis of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ,” Journal of the American Medical Association Oncology, August 20, 2015.
Penson, D. “The Pendulum of Prostate Cancer Screening,” Journal of the American Medical Association 314 (2015): 2031–2033.
Rapaport, L. “Less Frequent Cancer Screenings Possible for Many People, Doctor Says,” Reuters, May 18, 2015.
Sammon, J. D., F. Abdollah, T. K. Choueiri, et al. “Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening After 2012 US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation,” Journal of the American Medical Association 314 (2015): 2077–2079.
Shute, N. “Overdiagnosis Could Be Behind Jump in Thyroid Cancer Cases,” National Public Radio, February 21, 2014.
Shute, N. “More Mammograms May Not Always Mean Fewer Cancer Deaths,” National Public Radio, July 7, 2015.
Tanner, L. “Less Prostate Cancer and Screening After New Guidance,” Associated Press, November 17, 2015.
Volmer, R. T. “Revisiting Overdiagnosis and Fatality in Thyroid Cancer,” American Journal of Clinical Pathology 141 (2014): 128–132.
Welch, H. G., and W. C. Black. “Overdiagnosis in Cancer,” Journal of the National Cancer Institute 102 (2009): 605–613.
Welch, H. G., and P. C. Albertson. “Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment After the Introduction of Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening: 1986–2005,” Journal of the National Cancer Institute 101 (2009): 1325–1329.
Welch, H. G., D. H. Gorski, and P. C. Albertson. “Trends in Metastatic Breast and Prostate Cancer—Lessons in Cancer Dynamics,” New England Journal of Medicine 373 (2015): 1685–1687.
Genetically Modified Organisms
Ewen, S. W., and A. Pusztai. “Effect of Diets Containing Genetically Modified Potatoes Expressing Galanthu nivalis Lectin on Rat Small Intestine,” Lancet 354 (1999): 1353–1354.
Flam, F. “Defying Science and Common Sense, New York Bill Would Ban GMOs in Vaccines,” Forbes, February 26, 2015.
Klumper W., and M. Qaim. “A Meta-Analysis of the Impacts of Genetically Modified Crops,” PLOS One 9 (2014): 1–7.
Novella, S. “No Health Risks from GMOs,” Skeptical Inquirer, July/August, 2014.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Paul A. Offit, M.D., is the director of the Vaccine Education Center at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the Maurice R. Hilleman Professor of Vaccinology and a professor of pediatrics at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. He is the recipient of many awards, including the J. Edmund Bradley Prize for Excellence in Pediatrics from the University of Maryland Medical School, the President’s Certificate for Outstanding Service from the American Academy of Pediatrics, the David E. Rogers Award from the American Association of Medical Colleges, the Odyssey Award from the Center for Medicine in the Public Interest, and the Maxwell Finland Award for Scientific Achievement from the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases.
Dr. Offit has published more than 160 papers in medical and scientific journals in the areas of rotavirus-specific immune responses and vaccine safety, and he is the co-inventor of the rotavirus vaccine RotaTeq, recommended for universal use in infants by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; for this achievement he was honored by Bill and Melinda Gates during the launch of their foundation’s Living Proof Project for global health and was elected to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences. In 2015 Dr. Offit was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He is the author of six medical narratives: The Cutter Incident: How America’s First Polio Vaccine Led to Today’s Growing Vaccine Crisis; Vaccinated: One Man’s Quest to Defeat the World’s Deadliest Diseases, for which he won an award from the American Medical Writers Association; Autism’s False Prophets: Bad Science, Risky Medicine, and the Search for a Cure; Deadly Choices: How the Anti-Vaccine Movement Threatens Us All, which was selected by Kirkus Reviews and Booklist as one of the best nonfiction books of 2011; Do You Believe in Magic?: The Sense and Nonsense of Alternative Medicine, which won the Robert P. Balles Prize in Critical Thinking from the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry and was deemed one of the best books of 2013 by National Public Radio; and Bad Faith: When Religious Belief Undermines Modern Medicine, selected by the New York Times Book Review as an Editor’s Choice book in April 2015. Dr. Offit lives in Philadelphia.
INDEX
A
Abinanti, Thomas J.
Ablin, Richard 8.1, 8.2
Acid rain
Ackerly, Spafford
Agrippina, Empress (Rome)
Ahrens, Pete
AIDS epidemic
Alcott, Louisa May
Algren, Nelson
Allen, Irwin
Ammonia
Ammonium nitrate 3.1, 3.2
Anesthesia
Anichkov, Nikolay
Animal studie
s, misleading nature of
Anti-Semitism
Antibiotics
Antioxidants 7.1, 7.2
Anxiety, surgical treatment for 5.1, 5.2
Aschwanden, Christie
Aspirin
Asylum (movie)
Atacama Desert, Chile
Atherosclerosis
Auschwitz-Birkenau
concentration camp 3.1, 4.1, 4.2
Autism 7.1, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
B
Balch, Emily Greene
Baldwin, I. L.
Ballantyne, Jane
Baltimore, Maryland
Barré-Sinoussi, Françoise
BASF (Badische Anilin & Soda-Fabrik), 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4
Baum, L. Frank
Bayer (company)
Bayer, Friedrich
Bell, Alexander Graham 4.1, 4.2
Bell, John
Belushi, John
Bergen-Belsen concentration camp
Berger, George and Henry
Berger cookies 2.1
Binet, Alfred
Birth control
Bisphenol A (BPA) 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
Black Stork (movie)
Bleyer, Archie
Borlaug, Norman
Bosch, Carl 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4
BPA (bisphenol A) 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
Brain see Frontal lobes; Lobotomies
Brandeis, Louis
Brandt, Karl
Breast cancer
Broley, Charles
Buck, Carrie
Buck, Emma
Buck, Frank
Buck, Vivian
Buck v. Bell 4.1
Bullard, Dexter
Bunsen, Robert
Burroughs, William
Bush, George W.
Butter 2.1, 2.2
C
California gold rush
Cancer, and megavitamins
Cancer-screening programs
Cannon, W. B.
Carbon
Carrel, Alexis
Carson, Maria
Carson, Rachel
awards
birth and childhood
breast cancer 6.1, 6.2
and DDT bans
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