Bob Woodward

by State of Denial (lit)

  CHAPTER 29

  The information in this chapter comes primarily from background interviews with 12 knowledgeable sources, from an author interview with Judge Silberman, and from an interview with General Pace on August 25, 2003.

  316 On July 15, 2004: Document obtained by author.

  317 The June 4 Washington Post: Dana Priest and Walter Pincus, Tenet

  Resigns as CIA Director; Intelligence Chief Praised by Bush, but Critics Cite

  Lapses on Iraq War, The Washington Post, June 4, 2004, p. Al.

  317 Eleven days later: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist

  Attacks upon the United States (2004).

  318 One of the most inexcusable: It wasn't just in Iraq. A Royal Navy

  ship that was helping the U.S. on a counternarcotics mission in the Caribbean couldn't get its orders directly and in real time because its captain

  could not access the SIPRNET.

  320 In August 2004: See also Josh White and Scott Higham, Army Calls Abuses Aberrations'; Report Cites 94 Detainee-Mistreatment Cases in Iraq and Afghanistan, The Washington Post, July 23, 2004, p. Al; Amy Argetsinger, Arabic Language a Tough Assignment; More Student Speakers Try to Fill Need, The Washington Post, July 3, 2004, p. Bl.

  325 I had explored: Author interviews with President George W Bush, December 20, 2001, and August 20, 2002.

  325 I know it is hard : Woodward, Bush at War, pp. 256-59.

  326 In particular: David McCullough, 1776 (New York: Simon Schuster, 2005), p. 110.

  327 But the reality: Documents reviewed by the author; Government Accountability Office report, Rebuilding Iraq: Governance, Security, Reconstruction, and Financing Challenges, GAO-06-697T, April 25, 2006.

  CHAPTER 30

  The information in this chapter comes primarily from background interviews with 12 knowledgeable sources, and from author interviews with David Kay.

  329 David Kay testified: FDCH Political Transcripts, Senate Select Committee on Intelligence hearing, August 18, 2004.

  331 In August 2004: Documents reviewed by the author; Government Accountability Office report, Rebuilding Iraq: Governance, Security, Reconstruction, and Financing Challenges, GAO-06-697T, April 25, 2006.

  336 In the days and weeks: Documents reviewed by the author; Government Accountability Office report, Rebuilding Iraq: Governance, Security, Reconstruction, and Financing Challenges, GAO-06-697T, April 25, 2006.

  336 In Diyala Province: Karl Vick, Insurgents Massacre 49 Iraqi Recruits; State Dept. Official Killed in Attack at U.S. Military Base, The Washington Post, October 25, 2004, p. Al.

  336 We have a strategy : Presidential Documents, September 23, 2004: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2004_ presidentialdocuments docid=pd27se04_txt-31.

  CHAPTER 31

  The information in this chapter comes primarily from background interviews with 15 knowledgeable sources, from an interview with Senator John F. Kerry on October 27, 2005, and from notes obtained by the author. This chapter also draws on media reports about election day, such as newspaper and magazine articles, and transcripts of the broadcasts from NBC, Fox News, CBS, ABC and other networks.

  345 At 1:30 a.m.: Lois Romano and John Wagner, Clinging to Hope as Long Journey Nears Conclusion, The Washington Post, November 3, 2004, p. A22.

  347 At 3:36 a.m.: You've got it right, Mike McCurry said in an interview on August 11, 2006, when asked about the e-mail he sent to Nicole Devenish. I can confirm that.

  350 We are convinced : Congressional Quarterly Transcripts, November 3, 2004.

  CHAPTER 32

  The information in this chapter comes primarily from background interviews with 12 knowledgeable sources.

  353 We cannot wait : Presidential Documents, October 7, 2002: http://frwebgate5.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate.cgi?WAISdocID=2148 05110712+0+0+O WAISaction=retrieve.

  353 At other times: Presidential Documents, January 28, 2003: http:// frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2003_presidential_ documents docid=pd03fe03_txt-6.

  353 The starkest, most direct: FDCH Political Transcripts, September 7, 2004.

  CHAPTER 33

  The information in this chapter comes primarily from background interviews with 11 knowledgeable sources.

  368 In 2006: Author interview with Secretary Rumsfeld, July 6, 2006.

  368 One of the administration's: Presidential Documents, September 23, 2004: http://frwebgate3.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate.cgiPWAISdoc ID=218281882+0+0+0 WAISaction=retrieve.

  368 Rumsfeld had made the claim: Department of Defense transcript:

  www.defenselink.mil/Transcripts/Transcript.aspx?TranscriptID=2091.

  369 Listen, 14 : Presidential Documents, January 7, 2005: http://frweb

  gate4.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate.cgi?WAISdocID=2160625206+5+

  0+0 WAISaction=retrieve.

  369 Mosul, a city: Karl Vick, Trouble Spots Dot Iraqi Landscape; Attacks Erupting Away from Fallujah, The Washington Post, November 15, 2004, p. Al; Karl Vick and Jackie Spinner, Insurgent Attacks Spread in Iraq; 'Hard Fighting' Expected in Mosul in Coming Days, The Washington Post, November 16, 2004, p. Al.

  371 Historian Arthur Schlesinger Jr.: Schlesinger spoke at the Robert F.

  Kennedy Book Awards in Washington, D.C., on May 24, 2005.

  372 Pay any price : Transcript of President John F. Kennedy's inaugural

  address, January 20, 1961, www.jfklibrary.org.

  374 It was the kind: Al Kamen, Skipping the After-Dinner Cordial, The

  Washington Post, February 23, 2005, p. A17.

  375 Bush hosted a White House reception: Presidential Documents,

  January 3, 2005: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?

  dbname=2005 _presidential_documents docid=pdl 0ja05_txt-13.

  CHAPTER 34

  The information in this chapter comes primarily from background interviews with seven knowledgeable sources.

  377 On January 18, Rice: Congressional Quarterly Transcripts, January 18, 2005, Senate Foreign Relations Committee Hearing.

  377 A week later: Charles Babington, Rice Is Confirmed amid Criticism; Democrats Assail Iraq War Policies Before Senate Approves Nomination, The Washington Post, January 27, 2005, p. A3.

  378 It is the policy: Inaugural address, Presidential Documents, January 20, 2005: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgiPdbname =2005 jpresidential_documents docid=pd24ja05_txt-13.

  378 For many conservatives: Peggy Noonan, Way Too Much God, The

  Wall Street Journal, January 21, 2005; www.opinionjournal.com.

  379 Rumsfeld later confirmed: Author interview with Secretary Rumsfeld, July 6, 2006.

  382 As the date approached: James Glanz and Thorn Shanker, Anti-Vote Violence in Iraq Is Widespread and Intensifying, Latest Surveys Show, The New York Times, January 27, 2005, p. 14.

  382 On January 26: Josh White, In Hawaii, Time to Grieve Yet Again; Crash in Iraq Is Latest Setback for Military Town, The Washington Post, January 27, 2005, p. A12.

  382 In his Saturday radio address: Presidential Documents, January 29,

  2005: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2005_

  presidential_documents docid=pd07fe05_txt-3.

  383 Some 8 million Iraqis: Dexter Filkins, Iraqis Vote Amid Tight Security and Scattered Attacks, The New York Times, January 30, 2005, p. 1, and

  Defying Threats, Millions of Iraqis Flock to Polls, The New York Times, January 31, 2005, p. 1; Anthony Shadid, Iraqis Defy Threats as Millions Vote;

  Mood Is Festive; Turnout Appears Strong Despite Deadly Attacks, The

  Washington Post, January 31, 2005, p. Al.

  383 Bush thought it was: Presidential Documents, January 30, 2005: http://frwebgate4. access. gpo.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate.cgi?WAISdocID=0920 0627764+0+0+O WAISaction=retrieve.

  383 Despite the excitement: Documents reviewed by the author; Government Accountability Office report, Rebuilding Iraq: Governance, Securit
y, Reconstruction, and Financing Challenges, GAO-06-697T, April 25, 2006.

  385 If I were going to : Author interview with Secretary Rumsfeld, July 6, 2006.

  CHAPTER 35

  The information in this chapter comes primarily from background interviews with 10 knowledgeable sources.

  387 Zelikow, 50: Philip Zelikow and Condoleezza Rice, Germany Unified and Europe Transformed: A Study in Statecraft (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1995).

  390 In his memoirs: Tommy Franks, American Soldier (New York: HarperCollins, 2004), p. 411.

  390 Rice was the rock star: Robin Givhan, Condoleezza Rice's Commanding Clothes, The Washington Post, February 25, 2005, p. CI.

  391 Bush announced Negroponte's appointment: Presidential Documents, February 17, 2005: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc

  .cgi?dbname=2005_presidential_documents docid=pd21fe05_txt-13.

  392 Talabani was sworn in: Ellen Knickmeyer and Caryle Murphy,

  Iraqis Pick Kurd as New President; Shiite Set to Be Named Prime Minister,

  The Washington Post, April 7, 2005, p. Al; Ellen Knickmeyer, Talabani Offers

  Amnesty to Insurgents; New Iraqi President Reaches Out to Sunnis, Names

  Jafari as Prime Minister, The Washington Post, April 8, 2005, p. A22.

  CHAPTER 36

  The information in this chapter comes primarily from background interviews with eight knowledgeable sources.

  396 But wars have costs. : Rice told her staff it all reminded her of an

  old episode of the science fiction TV show Star Trek. Death, destruction,

  disease, horror—that's what war is all about, Captain Kirk tells an alien

  leader in the episode. That's what makes it a thing to be avoided. (Star

  Trek, A Taste of Armageddon, first aired February 23, 1967.)

  397 Cheney was on CNN's: CNN transcript, Larry King Live, May 30,

  2005.

  398 Who governs after Saddam? : NBC News transcript, Meet the

  Press, July 7, 2002.

  398 Have we calculated : David S. Broder, The Hagel Doctrine, The Washington Post, September 18, 2002, p. A29.

  398 We cannot do it alone. : Congressional Record, October 9, 2002: http://thomas. loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/F?rl07:7:./temp/~r 10741 leL7: e98605.

  398 First, a post-Saddam transition : Landon Lecture at Kansas State University, February 20, 2003.

  400 He left unsatisfied: Kevin Whitelaw, liana Ozernoy, and Terence Samuel, Hit by Friendly Fire, U.S. News World Report, June 27, 2005.

  400 On June 21: Tyler Marshall and Borzou Daragahi, The Conflict in Iraq; 80 Countries to Weigh Solutions for Struggling Iraq, Los Angeles Times, June 22, 2005, p. 7.

  400 On July 7, 2005: Glenn Frankel, Bombers Strike London at Rush Hour; At Least 37 Killed on Trains, Bus, The Washington Post, July 8, 2005, p.Al.

  CHAPTER 37

  The information in this chapter comes primarily from background interviews with nine knowledgeable sources and from an interview with General Peter Pace on July 20, 2006, and from an interview with General Jones on July 27, 2006.

  406 Former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger: Author discussion

  with Vice President Dick Cheney, July 14, 2005.

  407 We cannot abandon : Henry Kissinger, Years of Renewal (New York:

  Simon Schuster, 1999), pp. 1074-76.

  408 His column in the Post: Henry Kissinger, Lessons for an Exit Strategy, The Washington Post, August 12, 2005.

  CHAPTER 38

  The information in this chapter comes primarily from background interviews with six knowledgeable sources, and from an interview with Senator Carl Levin on September 29, 2005.

  418 Zelikow had been reading: Lewis Sorley, A Better War (New York: Harvest/HBJ, 2000).

  418 Rice made it: Senate Foreign Relations Committee, October 19, 2005, State Department transcript at www.state.gov/secretary/rm/2005/ 55303.htm.

  418 According to Rumsfeld: Author interview with Secretary Rumsfeld, July 6, 2006.

  CHAPTER 39

  The information in this chapter comes primarily from background interviews with 11 knowledgeable sources, and an interview with Congressman Jack Murtha on June 8, 2006.

  422 Enemy-initiated attacks: Documents reviewed by the author; Government Accountability Office report, Rebuilding Iraq: Governance, Security, Reconstruction, and Financing Challenges, GAO-06-697T, April 25, 2006.

  422 Rumsfeld confirmed to me: Author interview with Secretary Rumsfeld, July 6, 2006.

  423 The other, bigger message: Presidential Documents, November 11,

  2005: http://frwebgate3.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate.cgiPWAISdocID

  = 10490720041+0+0+0 WAISaction=retrieve.

  423 On November 16, Cheney gave an address: Congressional Quarterly, FDCH Political Transcripts, November 16, 2005.

  423 That day: Editorial, Decoding Mr. Bush's Denials, The New York Times, November 15, 2005, p. 26; White House statement, Setting the Record Straight: The New York Times Editorial on Pre-War Intelligence, November 15, 2005.

  423 The next day: Eric Schmitt, Fast Withdrawal of G.I.'s Is Urged

  by Key Democrat, The New York Times, November 18, 2005, p.l; see also Library of Congress records at http://thomas.loc.gov.

  424 Later that day: Statement by the press secretary on Congressman

  Murtha's statement, November 18, 2005: www.whitehouse.gov/news/

  releases/2005/11/20051118.html.

  425 For much of the year: Presidential Documents, February 4, 2005:

  http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2005_presi

  dentialdocuments docid=pd07fe05_txt-13.

  426 In an address: Presidential Documents, June 28, 2005: http://frweb

  gate, access. gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2005_presidential_docu

  ments docid=pd04jy05_txt-8.

  426 Indeed the number: Documents reviewed by the author.

  428: The National Strategy for Victory in Iraq, November 30, 2005: www.whitehouse.gov/infocus/iraq/iraq_strategy_nov2005.html.

  429 Part of the plan: Presidential Documents, November 30, 2005: http://frwebgate.access. gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc. cgi?dbname=2005_presi dential_documents docid=pd05de05_txt-9.

  429 Bush's war policy: Doug Struck, In Baghdad, Reality Counters Rhetoric; Violence Remains Everyday Pattern, The Washington Post, December 1, 2005, p. A21.

  429 But a dispatch: John F. Burns and Dexter Filkins, For Once, President and His Generals See the Same War, The New York Times, December 1,

  2005, p. 22.

  430 On December 7: Presidential Documents, December 7, 2005:

  http://frwebgate. access. gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname = 2005_presi

  dential_documents docid=pd 12de05_txt-9.

  CHAPTER 40

  The information in this chapter comes primarily from background interviews with six knowledgeable sources.

  431 Bush gave his third Iraq speech: Presidential Documents, December 12, 2005: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgiPdbname

  =2005_presidential_documents docid=pd 19de05_txt-5.

  434 In his fourth Iraq speech: Presidential Documents, December 14, 2005: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2005_ presidential_documents docid=pdl9de05_txt-8.

  434 In Iraq: Dexter Filkins, Iraqis, Including Sunnis, Vote in Large Numbers on Calm Day, The New York Times, December 16, 2005, p. 1.

  434 There's a lot of joy : Presidential Documents, December 15, 2005:

  http://frwebgate. access, gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2005_presi

  dential_documents docid=pd 19de05_txt-14.

  435 After a meeting with the Iraqi ambassador: Presidential Documents, December 16, 2005: http://frwebgate4.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/

  waisgate.cgi? WAISdocID= 118 73431240+0+0+O WAISaction=retrieve.

  435 But the violence continued: Documents reviewed by the author; Government Accountability Office report, Rebuilding Iraq: Governance, Security,
Reconstruction, and Financing Challenges, GAO-06-697T, April 25, 2006.

  435 Three days after: Presidential Documents, December 18, 2005: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2005_presi dentialdocuments docid=pd2 6de05_txt-10.

  437 But the ebb and flow: Documents reviewed by the author; Government Accountability Office report, Rebuilding Iraq: Governance, Security, Reconstruction, and Financing Challenges, GAO-06-697T, April 25, 2006.

  437 On New Year's Day: Presidential Documents, January 1, 2006: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2006_presi dential_documents docid=pd09ja06_txt-4.

  438 You cannot help : Author interview with Secretary Rumsfeld, July 7, 2006.

  CHAPTER 41

  The information in this chapter comes primarily from background interviews with 10 knowledgeable sources, and with Congressman Murtha on June 8, 2005.

  440 On December 23, 2005: International Monetary Fund Press Release, December 23, 2005: www.imf.org/external/np/sec/pr/2005/pr05307 .htm.

  444 General Chiarelli: Major General Peter W. Chiarelli and Major Patrick R. Michaelis, Winning the Peace: The Requirement for Full-Spectrum Operations, Military Review, July-August 2005.

  444 Thomas E. Ricks, Fiasco (New York: Penguin, 2006), p. 318.

  444 On the morning: Ellen Knickmeyer and K. I. Ibrahim, Bombing Shatters Mosque in Iraq; Attack on Shiite Shrine Sets Off Protests, Violence, The Washington Post, February 23, 2006, p. Al; Robert E Worth, Blast at Shiite Shrine Sets Off Sectarian Fury in Iraq, The New York Times, February 23, 2006, p. 1.

  448 The previous month: Evan Thomas, The Shot Heard Round the

  World, Newsweek, February 27, 2006, p. 24; Time, February 27, 2006, cover

  headline reads, Sticking to His Guns.

  449 That afternoon: Rachel Shteir, Former Bush Aide Charged in

  Felony Theft, Slate, March 10, 2006, www.slate.com.

  450 On March 16: Congressional Quarterly, FDCH Political Transcripts,

  Senate Armed Services Committee Hearing, March 16, 2006.

  CHAPTER 42

  The information in this chapter comes primarily from background interviews with 11 knowledgeable sources.