Murphy, Daniel, 560
Murphy, Richard, 849
Muskie, Edmund, 430, 913, 1114, 1121
mutual assured destruction, doctrine of, 257–258, 260
MX missile. See ICBM: MX
Naffa’, Fu’ad, 788
Nassau agreement (1962), 141
Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 196–197, 199–200, 201, 210, 217, 482, 527, 633, 638, 768
National Association of Broadcasters, 932
National Council for National Reconciliation and
Concord, 32, 303, 315
National Intelligence Estimate, 463
National Liberation Front (NLF), 327n
National Party, Chile, 384, 399
National Religious Party, Israel, 219, 800, 848, 852, 959, 977, 1039, 1140
National Security Act, 1947, 586n
National Security Council (NSC), 91, 262, 266, 414, 419, 586
and possible Cambodian settlement, 341
and Chile, 379, 389
JCS liaison with, 805, 806–807, 808–809
HAK’s staff on, 106, 107
and SALT, 266, 267–268, 1016, 1017, 1019, 1157–1159
and US-Saudi relations, 974
Senior Review Group, 379, 383, 390
Verification Panel, 267, 270–271, 1013, 1015, 1026, 1027
see also Washington Special Actions Group
NATO, 133, 134, 136, 156, 161, 272, 590
European Community and, 722, 724, 929
foreign ministers’ meeting, Ottawa, 1142
France withdraws from, 132
and Middle East war, 707–722
and nuclear weapons, 275
twenty-fifth anniversary of, 1161
West Germany and, 145–146
and Year of Europe (Atlantic Declaration), 173–174, 178, 182
Navy, US, 1005
Neal, J. D., 389
negotiating, art of, 214
Nelson, Gaylord, 993
Nelson, Lars-Erik, 820n
Neruda, Pablo, 384–385
Netherlands (Holland), 178, 182, 709, 717, 722
and Arab oil embargo, 873, 874, 879
and Washington Energy Conference, 901n, 903n
see also Benelux countries New Republic, The, 1181
Newsweek, 307, 820n, 1086n, 1111
interview with Asad, 1133
on HAK and wiretaps, 1117, 1118
and 1974 Moscow summit, 1177–1178
interview with Sadat, 224, 225
New Times, 1115
New York Daily News, 820n
New York Times, 371, 531, 703, 712, 820n, 1086n
on bombing halt in Cambodia, 359, 360–361
on Allende’s Chile, 399–400
interview with Pham Van Dong, 29
and HAK and wiretaps, 1117, 1118
on Middle East, 195, 1091
calls for Nixon’s resignation, 634
interview with Pompidou, 130
on US-Europe relations, 718, 719
on US-Soviet relations, 251, 599–600, 988, 1125, 1177
on enforcement of Vietnam agreement, 306
on Watergate, 102
and Year of Europe speech, 101, 153
Nhu, Ngo Dinh, 345
Nine, the. See European Economic Community
Nitze, Paul, 1151–1152, 1155, 1175
Nixon, Richard M.: accomplishments of, 103
administrative procedures of, 6–7, 77, 80, 93, 95–96, 418
relationship of, with Agnew, 90, 91, 92
meets with Andreotti (April 1973), 150
and antiwar critics, 87, 88–89
meets with Arab foreign ministers (October 17, 1973), 534–535
and Brandt’s US visit (May 1973), 155–159
letter of, to Brezhnev, granting HAK “full authority” in negotiations (October 1973), 547–548
and Brezhnev’s visit to United States (June 1973; Washington summit), 123, 289–300
Cabinet changes of, 7
and Cambodia, 339, 358, 359
character and personality of, 73–74, 78, 105, 141, 1181–1183, 1186
returns to childhood homes, 1184–1186
views of, on Chile (televised interview, January 4, 1971), 380
as Cold Warrior, 236, 256
criticized by Commentary, 236n
admiration of, for Connally, 385–387
and Cyprus crisis, 1191–1192
and US defense program, 261–262
private meeting with Dobrynin (December 13, 1973), 771–772
announces Egyptian-Israeli disengagement agreement (January 17, 1974), 838
energy messages to Congress, (1971) 865–866, (1973) 870
and US-European relations, 137, 139
and Faisal, 523, 774
appoints Ford as Vice President, 509, 514
desire of, to control US foreign policy, 4, 78, 127, 330, 414, 415–416, 770–771, 1208–1209
meets with Genscher (July 26, 1974), 1195–1196
goals of, 1187
meets with Gromyko, (February 4, 1974) 940–941, 942 (April 12, 1974) 1034–1035
names Haig chief of staff, 108–110
relationship of, with Haig, 107, 108–109
health of (phlebitis), 1119, 1125
and Heath, 141, 142–143
and J. Edgar Hoover, 117
and Hussein’s visit to Washington (March 12, 1974), 1038
and inflation, 1202, 1203
and arms for Iran, 668–670
meets with Ismail (February 1973), 213
isolation of, 95–96
and Israel, 202–203, 211, 212, 759, 792, 1078–1079, 1205
and US airlift to Israel, 514, 515, 536
and Jewish emigration from Soviet Union, 986
attitude of, toward Jews, 202–203
and JCS liaison office investigation, 807
love-hate relationship of, with Kennedy family, 1182
HAK’s feelings toward, 102–103, 1178, 1183–1184, 1207
HAK’s meeting with, evening of August 7, 1974, 1207–1210
and HAK’s receipt of Nobel Peace Prize, 371
relationship of, with HAK, 7, 126, 202, 414, 415, 416, 770–771, 804, 1122, 1163–1164, 1174
and HAK’s Salzburg press conference, 1120, 1122
appoints HAK Secretary of State, 3–4, 420–421, 422–423, 431–432
and US bombing of Laos, 316–317, 321–322, 326
and Alice Longworth, 918, 919
meets with Golda Meir in Washington, (March 1973) 220–222, (November 1973) 622–623
and Middle East, 195, 196, 200–201, 204, 206, 634
and possible Soviet intervention to enforce Middle East cease-fire, 585, 586, 593, 597–599, 601, (press conference on, October 26, 1973) 606–607
and Middle East peace negotiations, 550–551, 656–657, 793–794, 1034–1035, 1071, 1091–1092
and Middle East war, 468, 470, 474, 490, 504, 520–521, 526
and National Security Council, 586n
and nuclear strategy, 1195
and Arab oil embargo, 804, 882, 890, 947–949
standings of, in polls, 1112, 1187
and Pompidou, 129
and the press, 79, 95
relationship of, with Rogers, 414, 418–419, 425
and Sadat, 649
and SALT, 263, 267–268
and San Clemente, 184
meets with Saqqaf and Fahmy (February 19, 1974), 952–953
and J. Schlesinger, 1156–1157, 1158
and US-Soviet relations, 236, 240, 242–243, 245–246
and 1972 US-Soviet trade agreement, 253
relationship of, with staff and advisers, 94, 96, 97, 112, 416
relationship of, with State Department, 6, 387, 414, 418, 434–435
announces Syrian-Israeli disengagement agreement, 1107
and Thieu’s US visit, 310, 314–315
and Vietnam Agreement, 305, 315, 318–319
and Vietnam war, 116, 304–305, 1183
and Washingt
on Energy Conference, 914–916
and Washington Special Actions Group, 587
and wiretapping, 103, 118–121, 1114–1115, 1123
and Year of Europe, 189–191
SPEECHES AND ADDRESSES OF: on energy (November 25, 1973), 881
to Executives’ Club of Chicago (March 15, 1974), 932
introducing 1973 Foreign Policy Report (radio, May 3, 1973), 160
on inflation (July 25, 1974), 1196
to National Association of Broadcasters (March 19, 1974), 932
on return of last US prisoners of war (March 29, 1973), 322
announcing his resignation (August 8, 1974), 1212
announcing staff firings (April 30, 1973), 104–105
State of the Union (January 30, 1974), 892, 893, 914
farewell to White House, 1213
TRAVELS OF: to Egypt (June 1974), 1125–1130
to Iceland (May-June 1973
summit with Pompidou), 172–173, 175–180
to Iran (May 1972), 868, 869
to Israel (June 1974), 1136–1137, 1141
to Jordan (June 1974), 1141, 1142
to Salzburg (June 1974), 1118–1119
to Saudi Arabia (June 1974), 1130–1135
to Soviet Union (June 1974; Moscow summit), 1161–1165, 1168, 1170–1171, 1172, 1173–1174, 1177
AND WATERGATE, 77–78, 123, 127, 155–156, 289, 321, 324, 470, 543, 598–599, 606–607, 1112–1113
attacks on, 122, 1152
at Cabinet meeting of August 6, 1974, 1202–1204
confrontation with Cox, 531, 537–538
and European allies, 193–194, 704, 1161
foreign leaders’ respect for, 1188
considers firing Haldeman and Ehrlichman, 90, 99
and resignation of Haldeman and Ehrlichman, 102, 155
refuses immunity to aides, 89, 90
prepares for impeachment, 804–805, 914, 1025–1026, 1181, 1193
and Jaworski, 656
consults HAK on, 78, 79, 90, 98–99
effect on, during Middle East trip, 1124, 1125, 1143
quoted, on probable international consequences, 581
possible resignation discussed, 634, 1196–1197, 1198–1199, 1202, 1205
resigns, 1206–1207, 1212
“Saturday night massacre,” 546–547
and Senate Select Committee, 319, 353
Sihanouk on, 354–355
announces staff firings (April 30, 1973), 104–105
response of his staff, colleagues, 1181, 1183
statement of August 15, 1973, 417–418
tapes of Oval Office conversations, 110–114, 353, 770, 1052, 1193, 1198, 1199, 1200–1201
leaves White House, 1213
Nixon, Mrs. Richard M. (Pat), 432, 1130, 1213
Nixon, Tricia, 294
Nixon doctrine, 339, 668, 669
Nobel Peace Prize, awarded to HAK and Tho, 370–373, 532
Noel, Cleo A., Jr., 223
North Atlantic Council, 123, 286, 590, 722
HAK addresses (December 1973), 723
HAK briefs, on Mideast negotiations, 927, 929
ministerial meeting (December 1973), 722–723
see also NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. See NATO
North Korea, 378, 810
North Vietnam, 12, 23, 237, 348, 378, 681, 687
and China, 44, 57, 58–59, 82, 351, 681
aims of, in Indochina, 11, 17–18, 29, 82, 83–84
HAK visits (February 1973), 9, 23–37, 40–43
troops of, in Laos, 18–20, 32–33, 34, 35–36, 37, 85, 303, 332
and peace settlement in Laos, 9–10, 21, 34
South Vietnamese prisoners in, 331–332
troops of, in South Vietnam, 324
and Soviet Union, 295, 1030
Thai views on, 13–14
and United States, 12, 15, 25–26, 37–42, 369
US bombing of, 23, 24
US prisoners of war in, 26, 33–34, 317, 320
AND AGREEMENT ON ENDING THE WAR AND RESTORING PEACE IN VIETNAM: views On, 29, 31–32, 37, 42, 372
and violations of, 16, 32–33, 302–303, 316–317, 319–321, 323–324, 325–326, 327, 328
AND CAMBODIA, 336–337, 345, 347
peace settlement in, 9–11, 34, 35, 36–37, 341
troops in, 16, 32–33, 34, 35, 36, 85, 86, 303, 333
Norway, 901n, 903n
Novak, Robert, 195
Noyes, James H., 478
NSC. See National Security Council
nuclear energy, 1129
nuclear testing: 1963
ban on, 1166
“threshold” ban on, 1166, 1167–1168
problem of verification of, 1167–1168
nuclear weapons, 999, 1000, 1010, 1194–1195
Occidental Petroleum, 861–862
October war. See Middle East war
Odeen, Philip, 230, 1004
Office of Management and Budget, 80, 266
Ogarkov, Nikolai, 269
Ohira, Masayoshi, 741, 743–745
and Washington Energy Conference, 908, 913, 917, 920–921
oil: price increases, 537, 859, 861, 862, 865, 866, 872, 885–889, 925
production cutbacks, 536–537, 872, 874, 884, 889–890
revolution in, 854, 861–863, 864–865, 869, 873
US imports of, 855–857, 858, 859, 868–869, 870
US production of, 858
see also oil companies; oil consumers; oil embargo
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries oil companies, 859, 869, 873
and “equity participation,” 866–868
independents, 858n, 861–862
majors, 857–858, 861, 862
price negotiations of, with OPEC, 862–863, 864, 865, 872
oil consumers, cooperation among, 870–871, 872, 874, 891, 896–918, 919–925
oil embargo: of 1967, 855
OF 1973, 675–676, 873–874, 884–885, 889–894, 945–949, 975–976
imposed, 545, 873, 884, 889–890
lifted, 882, 894, 932, 951, 952, 978
and Middle East peace negotiations, 619, 643, 765–766, 767, 871–873, 876, 878–883, 892–894, 939–940, 946, 947
oil producers. See Organization of Petroleum
Exporting Countries
Olav V, King, 371
O’Leary, Jeremiah, 820n, 1086n
Omayed Mosque, Damascus, 958, 959
O’Neill, Thomas P., Jr., 355
OPEC. See Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 1008
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 898, 900, 907, 910, 918
Organization of American States (OAS), 378, 392, 413
Organization of Latin American Solidarity, 375
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 855
imposes oil embargo, 545, 873, 884, 889–890
and “equity participation” in oil companies, 866–867
members of, 855n
price increases of, 537, 872, 885–889
price negotiations of, with oil companies, 862–863, 864–865, 872
and oil production cutbacks, 536–537, 872, 884, 889–890
Ortoli, François-Xavier, 905, 908
Osborne, John, 1181
Ostpolitik, 57, 145–146, 147, 156, 731, 732
Pacem in Terris Conference, HAK speech to (October 8, 1973), 239–240, 255, 448, 490–491, 685
Packard, David, 260, 1009–1010
Pahlavi, Mohammed Reza. See Iran, Shah of Pakistan, 46, 55, 67, 304, 675, 676–677, 687, 763n, 806
Palestine, 197, 655, 748, 1140
Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), 197, 201, 215, 624–629, 972
and Algiers summit, 757
and Jordan, 216, 503, 748
attempted takeover of Lebanon, 1140
Syria and, 1140–1141
contact with United States, 626–629, 1036–10
37
hijacking of US airplanes, 625
and possible West Bank negotiations, 787, 1038, 1138–1139
and Rabat Arab summit, 1141
Palestinian National Covenant, 626
Palestinians, 200, 210, 219, 222, 655–656, 793, 1129
and Geneva Conference, 758, 770, 786
in Jordan, 218
in Lebanon, 787–789, 1048–1049, 1082n
in Syria, 777, 1090–1091, 1098, 1103, 1104
see also Palestine Liberation Organization
TERRORIST ACTS OF: Khartoum murders of US diplomats, 223
attack on Kiryat Shmona, Israel, 1048–1049
and HAK’s visit to Syria (February 1974), 958–959
attack on Ma’alot, Israel, 1076, 1077–1078, 1079, 1082
Palma, Anibal, 392
Paris Agreement. See Agreement on Ending the
War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam Paris Club (talks), 385, 390–391, 410
Parkinson, Kenneth, 970
Pathet Lao, 10, 20, 34, 316, 337
Patolichev, Nikolai, 275
peace movement. See Vietnam war: opposition to, in United States
Peking City Orchestra, 45
Penn Nouth, 59, 342
Pentagon: and US force reduction, 265–266
and arms for Iran, 669
and Jackson, 1007
National Military Command Center (NMCC), 560
published projections of, 1016
and SALT, 260, 264, 1009, 1017, 1159
and withdrawal of air power from Southeast Asia, 316, 329
and enforcement of Vietnam Agreement, 328
and US weapons program, 262, 265, 271, 273, 1002
see also Defense, Department of
Pentagon Papers, 14, 116, 117
People’s Daily (Peking), 65, 349
People’s Republic of China, 20, 44–70
and possible Cambodian settlement, 18, 341, 343–344, 346, 349–354, 355, 356
anti-Confucian campaign in, 680, 695–696
internal controversy in, 67–70, 680, 695–696, 698
views of, on Indochina, 57–60
relations of, with Japan, 56
modernization of, 68–70
and North Vietnam, 44, 57, 58–59, 82, 351, 681
and Pakistan, 677
relations of, with Soviet Union, 6, 46, 47–49, 51, 70, 83, 689
and US-Soviet relations, 51–52, 54–55, 67, 70–71
and Vietnam Agreement, 57–58, 60, 278, 286, 318
and Vietnam war, 52, 58–59, 82
views of, on Western Europe, 56–57
HAK’S VISITS TO: July 1971 (first), 7, 46, 49
October 1971 (second), 46
February 1973 (fifth), 44–46, 47, 52–60, 61–63, 64–70
November 1973 (sixth), 683–698, (postponements of) 364, 365, 366, 678–679
RELATIONS OF, WITH UNITED STATES, 6, 46–47, 52–56, 65–67, 70–71, 169, 177, 678–682, 688, 697, 698–699
Years of Upheaval Page 192