on enforcement of Vietnam Agreement, 305–306
on Watergate, 101–102
and Year of Europe speech, 101, 153–154
Washington Special Actions Group (WSAG), 316n
and possible Cambodian settlement, 344, 345–346
and Chile, 406–407, 408
and Cyprus crisis, 1191
and Libya, 859–860
and Arab oil embargo, 616, 871, 881
and violations of Vietnam Agreement, 316, 317, 318, 323, 325–326
AND MIDDLE EAST WAR, 453–454, 455, 458, 475, 483, 489–490, 493–495, 531–532, 534, 544
US airlift to Israel, 501, 514, 522, 525–526, 531, 536, 542
cease-fire, 578, 585, 586–590
and Egyptian Third Army, 623–624
meeting of May 15, 1973, on possibility of, 461, 462
Washington Star (or Star-News), 153, 820n, 1086n, 1118
Washington summit, US-USSR, 1973, 289–300
joint communiqué of, 295–296
preparations for, 228–235, 280–281, 287–289
Watergate, 75–81, 100, 101–106, 320, 321
linked to US alert of forces, 596
and Cambodian bombing halt, 356, 359
Chinese views on, 104, 122, 363–364, 683, 690, 693–694, 698, 1201
effect of, on Congress and legislation, 253, 254, 255
Democratic National Committee headquarters break-in, 75, 76
European views on, 1161
effects of, on foreign policy, 122–127, 300–301, 416–417, 979–980, 982
and US-German relations, 123, 157, 159, 734
and confirmation of Gray as FBI director, 319
possible impeachment proceedings, 537, 567, 575, 656, 1180, 1197–1198
indictments, 470, 970
HAK comments on, at Associated Press Annual Luncheon (April 23, 1973), 101
HAK informed of, 75–76, 78–79
and HAK’s rise to prominence, 415–416
North Vietnamese views on, 327
and SALT, 263, 264, 268, 1029, 1154–1159
“Saturday night massacre,” 547, 567
sentencing of defendants, 656
linked to Soviet emigration policies, 251
effects of, on US-Soviet relations, 122–123, 287–289, 300, 1030–1031, 1152–1153, 1160–1161
and Stennis compromise, 537–538, 543, 547
and US response to Vietnam Agreement violations, 324, 325, 326, 327
and effects of Vietnam war, 81, 89, 102
and Year of Europe, 123, 153–154, 162, 191, 193–194, 734
see also Nixon: and Watergate
“Plumbers unit”
TAPES, 110–114, 418, 470, 1182
18½-minute gap, 770
showing Nixon’s knowledge of cover-up, 1198, 1199, 1200–1201
turned over to Sirica, 1193, 1196, 1198
subpoenaed, 1180
transcripts of, released (April 30, 1974), 1052, 1071, 1112
allusion on, to wiretapping, 1114–1115
Watergate Committee. See Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities
Watson, Arthur, 61
Wayne, John, 294
weapons capability, US, 256, 257, 259, 262, 264, 265–267, 273, 1007–1008
weapons program, US, 237, 261, 273, 1001–1003
and SALT, 260–261, 274, 1004, 1019, 1027, 1029
see also nuclear weapons
Weather Underground, 89
Welander, Robert O., 806, 807
West Bank, 217, 503, 748, 976–977
Israeli occupation of, 197
possible negotiations on, 215, 219, 787, 847–848, 851–852, 1037–1038, 1138–1141
Western Alliance. See Atlantic Alliance
West Germany. See Germany, Federal Republic of
Wheeler, Earle, 106, 807
Wheelus Air Base, Libya, 860
White House, Western. See San Clemente
White House correspondents’ dinner (April 1973), 79
White House “enemies list,” 105
White House Years, 143, 336, 377
on Allende, 375
on Nixon, 1184
on wiretapping, 121
Whitlam, Gough, 142
Whittier, California, Nixon returns to, 1185–1186
Will, George F., 531
Wilson, Harold, 136, 933
wiretapping, 103n, 118–122, 1114–1117, 1118, 1119, 1123
discussed in HAK confirmation hearings, 426, 427, 428–429
HAK questioned on (press conference, June 6, 1974), 1116–1117
Nixon’s views on, 1182
see also Salzburg: HAK news conference in
Wohlstetter, Roberta, 459
Woods, Rose Mary, 104, 108, 548
World Bank, 409
World Peace Congress, 600
World War I, 237–238
World War II, 237
Wright, Charles Alan, 417
Wright, Marshall, 159
Wriston reforms (1954), of Foreign Service, 443
WSAG. See Washington Special Actions Group
Xanthopoulos-Palamas, Christos, 708–709
Xinhua News Agency, 365
Yad Vashem, 791
Yalta, USSR, 1170
Yamani, Sheikh Ahmed Zaki, 528, 866, 876–877, 878, 879, 880, 884–885, 890, 946–947
meets HAK in Washington (December 1973), 882–883
Yariv, Aharon, 653, 750, 751, 752, 772, 799
Yasukawa, Takeshi, 924
Year of Europe, 137, 700–707, 724, 725, 729–732, 905–906
meetings among Big Four proposed, 178–179, 180–181
birth of, 130–131
Britain and, 142–143, 151, 154, 162–163, 187, 189–190, 192
lack of enthusiasm for, among allies, 162, 172
reasons for failure of, 193–194, 729–735
France and, 149, 154, 187–188, 189–190
West Germany and, 147–148, 154–155, 156–157, 186–187, 190
Italy and, 150
and Japan, 151
HAK’s speech on (April 23, 1973), to Associated Press, 100, 151n, 152–155, 161, 870
purpose of, 139, 148, 716
and Watergate, 123, 153–154, 162, 191, 193–194, 734
Yedanov, Oleg, 453
Yew, Lee Kuan. See Lee Kuan Yew
Yom Kippur war. See Middle East war
Yorba Linda, California, Nixon returns to, 1185
Young, David R., 117–118, 807, 808, 853, 1113, 1114, 1120
Young, Milton, 262, 1194
Zamyatin, Leonid M., 1162
Zavidovo, Politburo hunting preserve, 228, 229
Zayyat, Mohamed el-, 453, 454, 458, 475–476, 487, 489, 583, 604
Zhou Enlai (Chou Enlai), 30, 49, 340
and Allende, 405
and possible Cambodian settlement, 349, 350–351, 352–354, 355, 356, 362, 363, 364, 365, 368, 682
relationship of, with HAK, 46
views of, on Laos and Cambodia, 341, 343
relationship of, with Mao, 63
intent of, to modernize China, 45
domestic power struggle of, 368, 679, 680–681, 684
retirement of, 70, 695, 696–697
on Taiwan, 47
views of, on Western Europe, 56–57
AND HAK’S VISITS TO CHINA: February 1973, 45–46, 47, 52–60, 61–63, 64–65, 68, 70
November 1973, 678, 683–688, 689, 691–692, 693, 694, 696, 697–698
Ziegler, Ronald L., 125, 317, 417, 538, 1096, 1142
and Ma’alot crisis, 1078
and Middle East war, 495
at 1974 Moscow summit, 1162, 1163
and HAK’s Salzburg press conference, 1120, 1121
and Watergate break-in, 77
and Watergate tapes, 1200
Zumwalt, Elmo R., Jr., 1017, 1175
I. Sideshow, p. 265.
II. Text at Tab A.
III. U.S. Air Operations in Cambodia: April 1973, a staff re
port prepared for the use of the Subcommittee on U.S. Security Agreements and Commitments Abroad of the Committee on Foreign Relations, p. 5.
IV. U.S. Air Operations in Cambodia: April 1973, pp. 5–6.
V. Sideshow, p. 265.
VI. [Sideshow,] p. 271.
VII. P. 396.
VIII. P. 271.
IX. U.S. Air Operations in Cambodia: April 1973, p. 6.
X. Seventh Air Force OPORD 71–17.
XI. Vogt to Enders letter, July 8, 1979, p. 2, Tab C [p. 1228 below].
XII. Vogt to Enders letter, p. 3 [p. 1229 below].
XIII. P. 295n.
XIV. U.S. Air Operations in Cambodia: April 1973, report on visit to Seventh Air Force Headquarters, p. 1.
XV. P. 272.
XVI. P. 294.
XVII. P. 271.
XVIII. Harben to Enders letter, June 22, 1979, Tab B.
XIX. Vogt to Enders letter, p. 1, Tab C [pp. 1227–1228 below].
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ISBN 978-1-4516-3645-1
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The author is grateful to the following companies for permission to quote from selected material:
CBS Inc. for excerpts from “A Conversation with Henry Kissinger” © CBS Inc. 1973/74. All rights reserved. Originally broadcast February 1, 1973, over the CBS Television Network as part of the CBS News Special Report: “A Conversation with Henry Kissinger”/The CBS Evening News with Walter Cronkite/over the CBS Radio Network on First Line Report on June 4, 1974.
Foreign Service Journal for excerpts from “U.S. Covert Actions in Chile, 1971–1973.” December 1978.
NBC News for excerpts from Meet the Press aired on January 28, 1973, and April 1, 1973.
Newsweek for excerpts from “A Prisoner of Rhetoric” March 26, 1973, Copyright 1973 by Newsweek, Inc. All rights reserved. Reprinted by permission.
The New York Times for excerpts © 1972, 1973, 1974, by The New York Times Company. Reprinted by permission.
United Feature Syndicate, Inc., for excerpts from columns by Jack Anderson © 1972 United Feature Syndicate, Inc.
Universal Press Syndicate for excerpts from “The Price of Change” by William F. Buckley, Jr. Copyright 1980 Universal Press Syndicate. Reprinted with permission. All rights reserved.
Excerpts from White House Years by Henry Kissinger (1979) courtesy of Little, Brown and Company.
The author is also grateful to the Daily Telegraph, the Chicago Tribune, The Times (London), and the Washington Post.
The maps on pages 456, 457, 505, and 533 are based on maps by Carta, Jerusalem, used in Chaim Herzog, The War of Atonement: October 1973 (London: George Weidenfeld & Nicolson Ltd., 1975; Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1975).
Years of Upheaval Page 195