The Mammoth Encyclopedia
of
Extraterrestrial Encounters
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The Mammoth Encyclopedia of Extraterrestrial Encounters
Compiled and Edited by
Ronald D.Story
Constable & Robinson Ltd
55–56 Russell Square
London WC1B 4HP
www.constablerobinson.com
First published online by Ronald D. Story as The Encyclopedia of Extraterrestrial Encounters on RonaldStory.com, 2001
First published in the UK by Robinson, an imprint of Constable & Robinson Ltd, 2012
Copyright © Ronald D. Story, 2001
The right of Ronald D. Story to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
All rights reserved. This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out or otherwise circulated in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser.
A copy of the British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available from the British Library
ISBN: 978-1-78033-703-6 (ebook)
Printed and bound in the UK
1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2
In Memoriam
This book is dedicated to one of the great pioneers in the search for intelligent life elsewhere—my early mentor and advisor—who inspired millions of us earthlings to continue the search for truth wherever it might lead. His inspiration will live on.
“We make our world significant by the courage of our questions and by the depth of our answers.”
Carl Sagan
(1934-1996)
Contributors
Gloria Alderson
Arlan K. Andrews
Walter Andrus
Robert Baker
Gray Barker
Charles Bowen
Arthur Bray
Thomas Eddie Bullard
David Chace
William Chalker
Jerome Clark
Daniel Cohen
Filip Coppens
Scott Corrales
Hal Crawford
Wes Crum
Peter Davenport
Steven Dick
Barry Downing
Frank Drake
W. Raymond Drake
Ann Druffel
Robert S. Ellwood
Hilary Evans
Robert Fairfax
Lucius Farish
George D. Fawcett
Randall Fitzgerald
Paris Flammonde
Raymond E. Fowler
Kendrick Frazier
Stanton T. Friedman
Daniel Fry
Peter Geremia
Timothy Good
Stan Gordon
J. Richard Greenwell
Loren Gross
Richard Haines
Richard Hall
Michael Hesemann
Budd Hopkins
Michael Horn
Patrick Huyghe
J. Allen Hynek
Philip Imbrogno
David M. Jacobs
Brian James
Debra Jordan Kauble
John Keel
Donald Keyhoe
Philip J. Klass
Martin S. Kottmeyer
Alvin H. Lawson
Roger Leir
Greg Little
Coral Lorenzen
L. J. Lorenzen
Betty Andreasson Luca
Bruce Maccabee
John Mack
Scott Mandelker
David Marler
Tim Matthews
James E. McDonald
William Louis McDonald
Howard Menger
Monarca Lynn Merrifield
Aimé Michel
Charles Moody
James W. Moseley
Joe Nickell
James E. Oberg
Thornton Page
Karl Pflock
Nick Pope
Gary Posner
Diane Prentice
Billy J. Rachels
Kevin D. Randle
Jenny Randles
Scott Rogo
Carl Sagan
John Schuessler
Berthold Schwarz
Robert Sheaffer
Seth Shostak
Zecharia Sitchin
R. Leo Sprinkle
Brad Steiger
Sherry Hansen Steiger
Dennis Stillings
Ronald Story
Frank Stranges
Whitley Strieber
Robert Swiatek
Susan Swiatek
John Timmerman
Jacques Vallée
Wim Van Utrecht
Erich Von Däniken
Donald Ware
Walter Webb
Dan Wright
Jennie Zeidman
Acknowledgements
The following acknowledgments and credits are considered an extension of the copyright page:
ABDUCTED: CONFRONTATIONS WITH BEINGS FROM OUTER SPACE and all other mini-book-review entries by Randall Fitzgerald were revised and adapted by the author from his book Cosmic Test Tube: Extraterrestrial Contact, Theories & Evidence. Copyright © 1998. Reprinted by permission of Randall Fitzgerald, the author, and Donald Altman, publisher, Moon Lake Media, Los Angeles, CA (www.moonlakebooks.com).
ABDUCTION and all other glossary-style entries by Scott Mandelker were revised and adapted by the author from his book Universal Vision: Soul Evolution and the Cosmic Plan. Copyright © 2000. Reprinted by permission of Scott Mandelker, the author, and Universal Vision, publisher, San Francisco, CA (www.universal-vision.com).
ABDUCTION TRANSCRIPTION PROJECT. Copyright © 2001 by Dan R. Wright. POSTSCRIPT Copyright © 1999, 2001 by Philip J. Klass. Adapted and reprinted by permission from The Skeptics UFO Newsletter (SUN).
ADAMSKI, GEORGE. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Ronald D. Story. Revised and adapted from The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/N
ew English Library, 1980).
AETHERIUS SOCIETY. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Ronald D. Story. Revised and adapted from The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
AIRSHIP WAVE OF 1896. Copyright © Loren E. Gross 1980, 2001. Revised and adapted from Story, Ronald D. ed., The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
AIRSHIP WAVE OF 1897. Copyright © Lucius Farish 1980, 2001. Revised and adapted from Story, Ronald D. ed., The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
ALIEN AUTOPSY FILM. Copyright © Joe Nickell 1995, 2001. Reprinted from the Skeptical Inquirer (November 1995) by permission of the author.
ALIEN GALLERY (text and illustrations). Copyright © 2001 by David W. Chace.
ALIEN ICONOGRAPHY. Copyright © Joe Nickell 1997, 2001. Reprinted from the Skeptical Inquirer (September/October 1997) by permission of the author.
ALIEN MOTIVES. Copyright © 2001 by Stanton T. Friedman.
ALIEN ROOTS. Copyright © 1979, 2001 by Alvin H. Lawson. Revised and adapted from “Alien Roots: Six Entity Types and Some Possible Earthly Ancestors” by Alvin H. Lawson. First published in the 1979 MUFON UFO Symposium Proceedings, (Mutual UFO Network, 1979). Illustrations have either been redrawn or are in public domain. Reprinted by permission of the author and MUFON.
ALIEN TYPES. Copyright © 2001 by Patrick Huyghe.
ALLAGASH ABDUCTION. Copyright © 2001 by Raymond E. Fowler.
ALLENDE LETTERS. Copyright © by Kevin D. Randle 1980, 2001. Revised and adapted from Story, Ronald D. ed., The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
AMERICA WEST AIRLINES SIGHTING. Copyright © 2001 by Robert Swiatek.
ANCIENT ASTRONAUT THEORY. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Ronald D. Story. Revised and adapted from The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
ANCIENT UFOS. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Ronald D. Story. Revised and adapted from The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
ANDREASSON ABDUCTIONS. Copyright © 2001 by Raymond E. Fowler and Betty Andreasson Luca.
ANGELS AND UFOS. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Barry H. Downing. Revised and adapted from Story, Ronald D. ed., The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
ANGELUCCI, ORFEO. Copyright © Robert S. Ellwood 1980, 2001. Revised and adapted from Story, Ronald D., ed. The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
ANIMAL MUTILATIONS and all other entries by CORAL & JIM LORENZEN and those credited to APRO are reprinted by prior arrangement with the Lorenzens, APRO, and by permission of Lawrence E. Lorenzen, executor of the Lorenzen estate. Copyright to all entries reprinted from The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980) are held in trust by Ronald D. Story.
ANTHROPIC PRINCIPLE. Copyright © 2001 by Ronald D. Story.
APOCALYPTIC THOUGHT. Copyright © 1991, 2001 by Martin S. Kottmeyer. Revised and adapted from UFO Brigantia (January 1991). Original title: “Dying Worlds, Dying Selves.” Reprinted by permission of the author.
ARCHETYPES. Copyright © 2001 by Gregory L. Little.
AREA 51. Copyright © 2001 by Arlan K. Andrews.
ARNOLD SIGHTING. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Ronald D. Story. Revised and adapted from The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
ASTRONAUTS, UFO SIGHTINGS BY. Copyright © 1978, 1980, 2001 by James E. Oberg. Revised and adapted from The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980). published separately in The Skeptical Inquirer, fall 1978.
ATOMIC BOMB AND UFOS. Copyright © 2001 by Daniel Cohen.
AVELEY (ENGLAND) ABDUCTION. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Jenny Randles. Revised and adapted from Story, Ronald D., ed. The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
B-57 BOMBER PHOTO. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Ronald D. Story. Revised and adapted from The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
BELGIAN UFO WAVE OF 1989-90. Copyright © 2001 by Wim Van Utrecht.
BENDER MYSTERY. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Jerome Clark. Revised and adapted from Story, Ronald D., ed. The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
BERMUDA TRIANGLE-UFO LINK. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Ronald D. Story. Revised and adapted from The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
BETHURUM, TRUMAN. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by David M. Jacobs. Revised and adapted from The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
BIBLICAL MIRACLES AS SUPERTECHNOLOGY Copyright © 2001 by Barry H. Downing.
BIBLICAL UFOS. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Barry H. Downing. Revised and adapted from Story, Ronald D. ed., The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
BIRTH MEMORIES HYPOTHESIS. Copyright © 2001 by Alvin H. Lawson.
BOUNDARY DEFICIT HYPOTHESIS. Copyright © 1989, 1994, 2001 by Martin S. Kottmeyer. Revised and adapted from Magonia (March 1989) and from the Bulletin of Anomalous Experience (August 1994) . Original titles: “Abduction: The Boundary-Deficit Hypothesis” and “Testing the Boundaries” respectively. Reprinted by permission of the author.
BUFF LEDGE (VERMONT) ABDUCTION. Copyright © 2001 by Walter N. Webb.
CASH-LANDRUM ENCOUNTER. Copyright © 2001 by John Schuessler.
CATEGORIES OF UFO REPORTS. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by J. Allen Hynek and Ronald D. Story. Revised and adapted from The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
CHUPACABRAS. Copyright © 2001 by Scott Corrales.
CLOSE ENCOUNTERS OF THE THIRD KIND. Copyright © 2001 by Martin S. Kottmeyer and Ronald D. Story.
COMMUNION FOUNDATION. Copyright © 2001 by Whitley Strieber.
CONTACTEES. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Ronald D. Story. Revised and adapted from The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
COSMIC CONSCIOUSNESS. Copyright © 2001 by R. Leo Sprinkle.
COSMONAUT UFO SIGHTINGS. Copyright © 2001 by Michael Hesemann.
COYNE HELICOPTER ENCOUNTER. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Jennie Zeidman. Revised and adapted from The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
DAWSON ENCOUNTER. Copyright © 2001 by Billy J. Rachels.
DAY THE EARTH STOOD STILL, THE. Copyright © 2001 by Martin S. Kottmeyer and Ronald D. Story.
DELPHOS (KANSAS) LANDING. Copyright © 1981, 2001 by Ronald D. Story. Revised and adapted from UFOs and the Limits of Science (William Morrow, 1981).
DEMONIC THEORY OF UFOS. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Barry H. Downing. Revised and adapted from Story, Ronald D. ed., The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
DRAKE EQUATION. Copyright © 1998, 2001 by the SETI Institute.
EARTH CHRONICLES. Copyright © 2001 by Zecharia Sitchin.
ELK ABDUCTION. Copyright © 2001 by Peter B. Davenport.
ELOHIM. Copyright © 2001 by Ronald D. Story.
EXETER (NEW HAMPSHIRE) SIGHTINGS. Copyright © 2001 by Peter B. Davenport and Peter Geremia.
EXTRATERRESTRIAL HYPOTHESIS. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by J. Richard Greenwell. Revised and adapted from Story, Ronald D. ed., The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIFE, HISTORY OF. Copyright © 2001 by Steven Dick.
EZEKIEL’S WHEEL. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Walter N. Webb. Revised and adapted from Story, Ronald D. ed., The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
FACE ON MARS. Copyright © 2001 by Gary Posner.
FAIRY LORE AND UFO ENCOUNTERS. . Copyright © 2001 by Thomas Eddie Bullard.
FATIMA (PORTUGAL), MIRACLE AT. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Ann Druffel. Revised and adapted from The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
FAWCETT’S “REPETITIONS.” Copyright © 1991, 2001 by George D. Fawcett. Originally published by the International UFO Library magazine (1991). Reprinted by permission of the author.
FLATWOODS (W. VA.) “MONSTER.” Copyright © Joe Ni
ckell 2000, 2001. Reprinted from the Skeptical Inquirer (November/December 2000) by permission of the author.
“FLYING SAUCER.” Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Loren E. Gross. Revised and adapted from Story, Ronald D. ed., The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
FORT, CHARLES. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Loren E. Gross. Revised and adapted from Story, Ronald D. ed., The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
FRY, DANIEL W. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Ronald D. Story. Revised and adapted from Story, Ronald D. ed., The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
GALICIA UFO WAVE OF 1995. Copyright © 2001 by Scott Corrales.
GARDEN GROVE (CALIFORNIA) HOAX. Copyright © 2001 by Alvin H. Lawson.
GEOMAGNETIC EXPLANATIONS OF UFOS. Copyright © 2001 by Gregory L. Little.
GEOMAGNETIC INTELLIGENT ENERGY THEORY OF UFOs. Copyright © 2001 by Gregory L. Little.
GHOST ROCKETS OF 1946. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Loren E. Gross. Revised and adapted from Story, Ronald D. ed., The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
GILL SIGHTING. Copyright © 1980, 2001 by Richard Hall. Revised and adapted from Story, Ronald D. ed., The Encyclopedia of UFOs (Doubleday/New English Library, 1980).
GRAYS. Copyright © 1994, 1998, 2001 by Martin S. Kottmeyer. Revised and adapted from The MUFON UFO Journal (November 1994) and Magonia (February 1998). Original titles: “Why Are the Grays Gray?” and “Varicose Brains: Entering a Gray Area” respectively. Reprinted by permission of the author.
GREAT FALLS (MONTANA) MOVIE. Copyright © 2001 by Kevin D. Randle and Ronald D. Story.
GULF BREEZE (FLORIDA) INCIDENTS. Copyright © 2001 by Bruce Maccabee.
HILL ABDUCTION. Copyright © 2001 by Walter N. Webb.
HUDSON VALLEY (NEW YORK) UFO SIGHTINGS. Copyright © 2001 by Philip J. Imbrogno.
HYPNOSIS, USE OF, IN UFO INVESTIGATIONS. Copyright © 2001 by R. Leo Sprinkle. POSTSCRIPT Copyright © 2001 by Robert A. Baker.
IATROGENESIS. Copyright © 2001 by Robert A. Baker.
IMAGINARY ABDUCTEE STUDY. Copyright © 2001 by Alvin H. Lawson.
IMPLANTS, ALIEN. Copyright © 2001 by Roger K. Leir.
INSECTOIDS. Copyright © 1997, 2001 by Martin S. Kottmeyer. Revised and adapted from UFO Magazine (July/August 1997). Original title: “Bugs Baroque.”
INTERSTELLAR TRAVEL. Copyright © 2001 by Stanton T. Friedman.
INVADERS FROM MARS. Copyright © 2001 by Martin S. Kottmeyer and Ronald D. Story.
INVASION OF THE BODY SNATCHERS. Copyright © 2001 by Martin S. Kottmeyer and Ronald D. Story.
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