in defence of Mrs. S.: Herman Rogers to Sara Delano Roosevelt, from the estate of Lucy Livingston Rogers.
could not possibly get away with it: Adrian Fort, Nancy, 248.
must make even Judas queasy: William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, 393.
Absolutely brilliant: Ibid.
study of her and her friends: William Shawcross, Counting One’s Blessings, 285–86.
the battle could have been won: Colin Cross, The Fascists in Britain (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1963), 165.
wanted Edward to stay on the throne: Martha Schad, Hitler’s Spy Princess, 64.
Especially if one is king: Ibid., 63.
details orally to my Führer: Christopher Andrew, Defend The Realm, 199.
in the face of this nonsense: Ibid., 199.
tenuous connection with his official post: Gerhard L. Weinberg, Hitler and England, 1933–1945: Pretense and Reality, German Studies Review 8, no. 2 (May 1985): 299–309.
important details miscarried: Ian Kershaw, Making Friends with Hitler, 190.
unalloyed gain for Britain: Ibid., 189.
most prescient statesman then living: Patrick J. Buchanan, Churchill, Hitler, and the Unnecessary War (New York: Crown, 2008), 357.
forbade Prince Lu to attend: Jonathan Petropoulos, Royals and the Reich, 160.
lovely to look forward to: Letter from Duke of Windsor to Herman Rogers, December 22, 1936, from the estate of Lucy Livingston Rogers.
a monarch’s service: “Sir Dudley Forwood, Bt” (obituary), Daily Telegraph, January 27, 2001.
They were always made for me: George S. Messersmith papers, MSS 109 2017-00.
a constant anxiety to me: H. Montgomery Hyde, Walter Monckton (London: Sinclair-Stevenson, 1991), 93.
kings don’t take tricks, they only abdicate: Alan Truscott, “Bridge; No Tricks for a King,” New York Times, July 18, 1982.
impediment in his speech: H. Montgomery Hyde, Walter Monckton, 80.
hanging about doing nothing: William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, 388.
arts and graces that please: H. Montgomery Hyde, Walter Monckton, 94.
definite ideas as to dictatorship: Charles Higham, The Duchess of Windsor, 180.
right to return to it—for all time: Stephen Bates, “Edward Forced to Stay in Exile or Risk Income,” Guardian, January 30, 2003.
without my approval: Paul Reynolds, “Royals Kept Windsors in Exile,” BBC News, January 30, 2003.
an extremely difficult situation: President Roosevelt to Edmund Rogers, from the estate of Lucy Livingston Rogers.
proper backing would mean so much: Michael Bloch, The Duchess of Windsor, 111.
the wife—who hates us both: Ibid.
one of the most dangerous of Nazi spies: Charles Higham, The Duchess of Windsor, 102.
“So degrading,” noted the queen: William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, 424.
many German business contacts: Jonathan Petropoulos, Royals and the Reich, 211.
those who still believe in this ideal: Kingston Daily Freeman (Kingston, NY), October 27, 1937.
we could meet it side by side: Michael Bloch, The Duchess of Windsor, 117.
the ‘other one’ wouldn’t have done: Mary Soames, Clementine Churchill: The Biography of a Marriage (New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1979), 274.
a fine wedding present: Philip Ziegler, King Edward VIII, 311.
automatically on marriage: William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, 422.
your own future happiness: National Archives, file NA PRO HO 144/22945. Released January 2003.
alienating us from my family: H. Montgomery Hyde, Walter Monckton, 83.
none of the family is going to the wedding: William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, 422.
nail in the coffin of monarchy: Ibid., 421.
he was deeply, deeply hurt: Charles Higham, The Duchess of Windsor, 206.
no interest at all in politics: Helena Normanton, “Intrigue Is Denied by Mrs. Warfield,” New York Times, June 1, 1937.
I think I can make him happy: H. Montgomery Hyde, Walter Monckton, 86.
I did step into the breach: William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, 423.
increasingly suspicious of the duke’s behavior: Conversation with Edward after his abdication, George S. Messersmith papers, MSS 109 2017-00.
Chapter Eight: Hitler’s Good Queen Wallis
dominated by his fine, dark eyes: Janet Flanner, “Annals of Collaboration,” New Yorker, September 22, 1945.
make the arrangements with Hitler: “Sir Dudley Forwood, Bt” (obituary), Daily Telegraph, January 27, 2001.
value to any universal—not political—world cause: Herman Rogers to Dr, Peabody, October 23, 1937, from the estate of Lucy Livingston Rogers.
more than anything else is peace: Michael Bloch, The Secret File of the Duke of Windsor, 109.
a “more sinister” figure: Jonathan Petropoulos, Royals and the Reich, 212.
the Windsors, Bedaux, Solbert, and Watson reveals this thinking: Author interview.
bombshell and a bad one: William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, 425.
private stunts for publicity purposes: Michael Bloch, The Secret File of the Duke of Windsor, 115.
a bite of luncheon: Ibid.
bombshell after bombshell: Ibid., 116.
respect felt for an equal: Gerwin Strobl, The Germanic Isle: Nazi Perceptions of Britain (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), 109.
so-called guests of the Third Reich: Jonathan Petropoulos, Royals and the Reich, 209.
where they store the cold meat: “Sir Dudley Forwood, Bt” (obituary), Daily Telegraph, January 27, 2001.
trophies at an exhibition: Bryan and Murphy, The Windsor Story, 362.
quarrelsome, a four flusher: Ibid.
What a shame! What a terrible shame: Gerwin Strobl, The Germanic Isle, 109.
could have saved Europe from her doom: Charles Higham, The Duchess of Windsor, 225.
I did salute Hitler: Bryan and Murphy, The Windsor Story, 364.
He was frank and friendly with Hitler, and displayed the social charm: R .H. C. Steed, ed., Hitler’s Interpreter (London: Heinemann, 1951), 75.
peculiar fire: Bryan and Murphy, The Windsor Story, 362.
Nazi salute that the Duke returned: Jonathan Petropoulos, Royals and the Reich, 209.
would have made a good queen: Ibid.
she was most ladylike: Martha Schad, Hitler’s Spy Princess, 67.
a devoted admirer, on the British throne: Jonathan Petropoulos, Royals and the Reich, 206.
distinction and success: Philip Ziegler, King Edward VIII, 339.
strong pro-Fascist sympathies: Ibid., 209–210.
royalty’s warm feelings for the Nazis: William Stevenson, Spymistress: The Life of Vera Atkins, the Greatest Female Secret Agent of World War II (New York: Arcade, 2007), 57.
the Weimar Republic, which had been extremely socialist: “Sir Dudley Forwood, Bt” (obituary), Daily Telegraph, January 27, 2001.
popular appeal which the Duke of Windsor possesses: Charles Higham, The Duchess of Windsor, 235.
semi-fascist comeback in England: Ibid., 221–22.
movement could be found than in the Duke of Windsor: Sarah Bradford, King George VI, 255.
recalled to the throne as a dictator: Sol Bloomenkranz, Charles Bedaux: Deciphering an Enigma (Bloomington, IN; iUniverse, 2012), 50–53.
“delayed” so . . . they would miss the sombre ceremony: Charles Higham, The Duchess of Windsor, 238.
diplomatic complications: Cornelius Vanderbilt to Herman Rogers, June 18, 1937, from the estate of Lucy Livingston Rogers.
the problems of labour or the poor and needy: Charles Higham, The Duchess of Windsor, 237.
regime’s hold on the working classes: Michael Bloch, The Secret File of the Duke of Windsor, 117.
quit public life: Charles Higham, The Duchess of Windsor, 269.
a sharp and salutary lesson: John Vincent, ed., The Crawford Papers, 585.
lovely innocent trip: Michael Bloch, The Secret File of the Duke of Windsor, 119.
accept the presidency of the English Republic: Philip Ziegler, King Edward VIII, 342.
like a small boy at Christmas: Bryan and Murphy, The Windsor Story, 378–79.
delivered from the fears that beset us: Michael Bloch, The Secret File of the Duke of Windsor, 137.
to choose such a moment: William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, 453.
discreet political missions: Jonathan Petropoulos, Royals and the Reich, 192.
betterment of Anglo-German relations: Ibid., 201.
private domain of royal cousins: Tom MacDonnell, Daylight upon Magic: The Royal Tour of Canada, 1939 (Toronto, ON: Macmillan of Canada, 1989), 43.
not the purview of the royals: Jonathan Petropoulos, Royals and the Reich, 193–94.
if war came: Philip Ziegler, King Edward VIII, 345.
Complete strangers embraced in the streets: Gerwin Strobl, The Germanic Isle, 130.
Chapter Nine: The Game of Thrones
YOU talk of your PRIDE: Anne Sebba, That Woman, 227.
He might not even exist: Michael Bloch, The Secret File of the Duke of Windsor, 144.
Admit that man has charm: Diana Mitford, The Duchess of Windsor, 155.
they HATE her: William Shawcross, Counting One’s Blessings, 279–80.
she should not be here in wartime: William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, 494.
babble out state secrets without realizing: Charles Higham, The Duchess of Windsor, 300.
victors of the contest will be the Soviet: Duke of Windsor to Herman Rogers, October 16, 1939, from the estate of Lucy Livingston Rogers.
visiting the French front: Michael Bloch, The Secret File of the Duke of Windsor, 147.
Go ahead sir, I will back you: Philip Ziegler, King Edward VIII, 357.
source of any intelligence: Jonathan Petropoulos, Royals and the Reich, 212.
He knows too much: John Costello, Mask of Treachery, 413–14; Bryan and Murphy, The Windsor Story, 418.
peace with the Nazis on any terms they could: Author interview with Gerhard Weinberg.
favourable circumstances might acquire a certain significance: Charles Higham, The Duchess of Windsor, 308.
source of military intelligence: John Costello, Mask of Treachery, 415; Sarah Bradford, King George VI, 434–35.
Did the duke know what this person was doing?: Author interview with Gerhard Weinberg.
information made its way into German hands: Charles Higham, The Duchess of Windsor, 302–6.
a whole nation against one lone woman: Bryan and Murphy, The Windsor Story, 418.
betrayed military secrets to Hitler: Ben Fenton, “Lies and Secrets,” Financial Times, May 3, 2008.
marry her and maintain the throne: FOIA, FBI file of the Duke and Duchess of Windsor, Edward Tamm to J. Edgar Hoover, September 13, 1940.
not just to his fellow countrymen: Philip Ziegler, King Edward VIII, 375.
wasn’t completely out of character: Neill Lochery, Lisbon: War in the Shadows of the City of Light 1939–1945 (New York: Public Affairs, 2011), 61.
arriving in Barcelona on June 20: Michael Bloch, Operation Willi: The Nazi Plot to Kidnap the Duke of Windsor, July 1940 (New York: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1984), 23.
please confirm that I am acting correctly: Ibid., 48.
establishing contact with him: German Foreign Ministry (Auswärtiges Amt) document AA-B15/B002531, Stohrer to Ribbentrop, June 23, 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy, 1918–1945, Series D, 1937–1945 (London: H.M.S.O., 1949–; Washington: US Government Printing Office, 1949–), cited in Michael Bloch, Operation Willi.
suggestion came from Germany: German Foreign Ministry document AA-B15/B002532, Ribbentrop to Stohrer, June 24, 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy.
appealed directly for peace: Frances Donaldson, Edward VIII (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson), 385–86.
if reasonable conditions could be obtained: Donald C. Watt, ed., Contemporary History in Europe: Problems and Perspectives (London: Allen & Unwin, 1969), 197.
nebulous peace overtures were made: Jonathan Petropoulos, Royals and the Reich, 189.
England’s destiny after the war: Rob Evans and David Hencke, “Hitler Saw Duke of Windsor as ‘No Enemy’ US File Reveals,” Guardian, January 24, 2003.
no quarter was given: Michael Bloch, The Duchess of Windsor, 149.
ensure that such an error never occur again: Michael Bloch, The Duke of Windsor’s War (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1982), 75.
using the duke and duchess: Alan Palmer, Crowned Cousins, 221–22.
military uprising. Nothing came of it: John Colville, The Fringes of Power: Downing Street Diaries 1939–1955 (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004), 57.
Good God, no: Neill Lochery, Lisbon, notes, 28.
give the duke a naval command: Philip Ziegler, King Edward VIII, 364.
when everything can be considered: Michael Bloch, Operation Willi, 62.
no conditions, about the Duchess or otherwise: John Colville, Fringes of Power, 176.
only fitted to be a café society royal: Kenneth de Courcy papers, Hoover Institution Archives, Stanford University.
brinkmanship of an appalling kind: Bryan and Murphy, The Windsor Story, 434.
any need for a prompt return: Michael Bloch, Operation Willi, 57–58.
following developments from afar: Ibid., 58–59.
governments after the war: German Foreign Ministry document AA-490/232262, Memorandum by the State Secretary Ernst von Weizsäcker, June 30, 1940, doc. 65: 68, Documents on German Foreign Policy.
prolonged destruction and suffering: Michael Bloch, Operation Willi, 59.
very pleasant, very genial, and very witty: MSS 1W4126cFA2, Weddell, A.W., Box 4, Elizabeth W. Weddell, Weddell Collection, Virginia Historical Society.
any peace party that may emerge: Michael Bloch, Operation Willi, 60–61.
a cowardly and rapacious vulture: Paul Preston, The Politics of Revenge: Fascism and the Military in 20th Century Spain (London: Routledge, 1995), 57.
against Churchill and against the war: German Foreign Ministry document AA-B15/B002538, Stohrer to Ribbentrop, July 2, 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy.
Chapter Ten: Plot to Kidnap a King
wishes of the government: Martin Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill Vol. 6, Finest Hour, 1939–1941 (London: Heinemann, 1983), 698.
as he had been in December 1936: Roy Jenkins, Churchill: A Biography (London: Macmillan, 2001), 561.
before arranging the day and time: Lord Moran, Churchill: The Struggle for Survival, 1940–1965 (London: Constable, 1966), 97.
forestall flight out of the country: Bryan and Murphy, The Windsor Story, 431.
Not as much as his brother will: John Colville, Fringes of Power, 184.
embarrassing both to HM and the Government: Martin Gilbert, Finest Hour, 700.
pretty freely criticized: John Barnes and David Nicholson, eds., The Empire at Bay: The Leo Amery Diaries 1929–1945 (London: Hutchinson, 1988), 631.
lowest of the low: William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, 520.
my brother has behaved disgracefully: Jonathan Petropoulos, Royals and the Reich, 217.
arch beachcombers of the world: Sybil Eccles and David Eccles, By Safe Hand: Letters of Sybil and David Eccles 1939–42 (London: Bodley Head, 1983), 128, 133.
done your best for me in difficult circumstances: Michael Bloch, Operation Willi, 79.
exile to St. Helena: Michael Thornton, “The Queen Mother? That Spiteful Old Soak Dedicated Herself to Making Our Lives Hell,” Daily Mail, September 19, 2009.
European ally to be kidnapped: Author interview with Douglas Wheeler.
until four in the morning: Jimmy Burns, Papa Spy: Love, Faith, and Betrayal in Wartime Spain (New York: Walker, 2009), 124.
President of the Great British Republic: Michael Bloch, Operation Willi, 95.
Operation Cleopatra Whim: Bryan and Murphy, The Windsor Story, 435.
A prince does not ask favours: Michael Bloch, Operation Willi, 133.
suitable for a king: German Foreign Ministry document AA-B15/B002549–51 (GD D/X/152), Ribbentrop to Stohrer, July 11, 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy.
planned a public declaration: German Foreign Office document AA-B15/B002582-3, Stohrer to Ribbentrop, July 23, 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy.
the duchess in particular became very thoughtful: German Foreign Office Document AA-B15/B002588 (GD D/X/290), Stohrer to Ribbentrop, July 25, 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy.
cantankerous and maddening: Philip Ziegler, King Edward VIII, 369.
messed about quite long enough: Ibid., 370.
we shall be alright: Ibid., 369.
Cordell Hull, in Washington: National Archives, Diplomatic Branch 841.0011.102 1/2, Herbert Claiborne Pell to Secretary of State, 4:00 p.m., July 20, cited in Philip Ziegler, King Edward VIII, 366.
Frenchmen in his company: Philip Ziegler, King Edward VIII, 366.
She has great influence over the duke: Michael Bloch, Operation Willi, 144.
every step has to be watched with care: Ibid., 174.
how can we be of any use to them?: H. Montgomery Hyde, Walter Monckton, 104.
you should not be too far away: Neill Lochery, Lisbon, 82.
disregarded or allowed to be destroyed: Michael Bloch, Operation Willi, 206.
the expected invasion of Britain: Martin Gilbert, Finest Hour, 709.
Germans could keep in contact: German Foreign Office document AA-B15/B002617-18 (GD D/X/265), Ribbentrop to Hoyningen-Huene, July 31, 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy.
almost able to touch it: Michael Bloch, Operation Willi, 201.
admiration and sympathy for the Führer: German Foreign Office document AA-B15/B002632-3 (GD D/X/276), Hoyningen-Huene to Ribbentrop, August 2, 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy.
German intrigues with the duke: John H. Waller, The Unseen War in Europe: Espionage and Conspiracy in the Second World War (New York: I. B. Tauris, 1996), 172.
17 Carnations: The Windsors, The Nazis and The Cover-Up Page 35