The Transformative Constitution

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The Transformative Constitution Page 56

by Gautam Bhatia


  Freedom of speech, expression, association on conscience,

  under the Constitution, state of normalcy; states of exception;—preventive detention;—emergency; three views on the meaning

  freedom movement/struggle

  French Revolution

  fundamental rights; and directive principles, constitutional relationship

  Gajendragadkar, Chief Justice of India

  Gandhi, Indira

  Gandhi, M.K.

  gender: differences/ discrimination, and sex equality; division between the public and the private spheres; hierarchy; relations; roles; stereotypes

  General Manager, Southern Railway v. Rangachari

  genetic discrimination

  German constitutional doctrine

  ghettoization

  Gnanadesikan, V.

  Gobind v. State of MP

  Gogoi, Justice Ranjan

  Goldberg v. Kelly

  Goonda Acts

  Government of India Act 1935

  Govindlalji v. State of Rajasthan

  Griswold v. Connecticut

  group identity; religious freedom and

  group rights

  group-differentiated rights

  group-subordination approach

  Gujarat Disturbed Areas Act

  Habitual Offenders Act

  Haji Ali shrine, disputes over access to

  Halsbury’s Laws of England

  handwriting samples

  Haradhan Saha v. State of West Bengal

  Harlan, Justice

  Harvinder Kaur v. Harmander Singh Choudhry

  Hastings, Warren

  Hayek, Friedrich

  Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich

  Hindu Marriage Act

  Hindu religious institutions

  Hinduism

  Hindus

  homosexuality, decriminalization

  Horvath v. The Queen

  Hossain, Rokeya Sakhawat

  housing discrimination

  human trafficking

  Hutton, J.H.

  Ibrahim v. The Queen

  Identification of Prisoners Act

  identity fraud

  immutability

  inability and unfreedom, distinction

  inclusiveness

  Indian Administrative Rules

  Indian Contract Act

  Indian Franchise movement, and the Constitution

  Indian Medical Association (IMA) and Article 15 (2) of the Constitution

  Indian Medical Association (IMA) v. Union of India

  Indian National Congress (INC); agitation against British rule; Karachi resolution, the proto-Bill of Rights

  Indian Penal Code (IPC)

  Indian Social Conference

  Indian Young Lawyers’ Association v. State of Kerala

  individual, community, state: the textual web of Indian Constitutional secularism

  individualism

  Indra Das v. State of Assam (2011)

  Indra Sawhney v. Union of India

  inequality and hierarchy; within the family; social

  Information Technology Act

  informational self-determination, right to

  inheritance laws

  institutional: discrimination;

  disadvantages; and structural barriers

  intentional domination

  intentionality

  International Conventions, departure from

  International Labour Organization

  international law

  interrogation techniques

  involuntary servitude

  Ireland: Constitution

  Iyer, Justice Krishna

  Jagdish Rai v. State of Punjab

  jagirdars

  Jain, Arijit Prasad

  Joseph Shine v. Union of India

  judicial enforcement

  jurisdiction of suspicion

  Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India

  Jyoti Chorge v. State of Maharashtra; and the transformative Constitution

  Kabir Kala Manch

  Kamath, H.V.

  Kamble, Baby

  Kannabiran, K.G.

  Karachi Resolution of 1931

  Karanata Goonda Act

  Karnataka: Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL)

  Kartar Singh v. State of Punjab

  Kashmir separatism

  Katju, Justice Markandey

  Katz v. United States

  Kennedy, Justice

  Kenyan: Constitution; Court of Appeal

  Kerala High Court

  Kesavananda Bharati

  Khanna, Justice

  Kharak Singh v. State of UP kin relationships

  Krimuddin, Kazi Syed

  Krishnamachari, T.T.

  Kyllo v. United States

  L’Heureux-Dubé, Claire

  labour: division of; laws/regulation;

  and unionization

  labour-republicanism

  Lady Irwin Hospital’s Recruitment Rules

  Lahiri, Somnath

  Lakshmanan, Justice

  Lakshmindra Swamiar. See Madras v. Lakshmindra Swamiar

  Lawrence v. Texas

  League of Nations’ 1926 Slavery Convention

  LGBT community’s right to equal treatment

  liberalism and multiculturalism

  liberty; of conscience; constitutional; and conditions of its exercise; factors that compromise and factors that condition; individual; personal;—and the state of exception; and worth of liberty

  liberty-equality-fraternity, trinity of; the framework of democratic politics

  limited polygamy

  Lingegowd Detective and Security Chamber (P) Ltd. v. Mysore Kirloskar Ltd.

  living wage

  living-tree constitutionalism

  Lothian Committee

  M.P. Sharma v. Satish Chandra

  M.R. Balaji v. State of Mysore

  Macaulay, Thomas

  Mackay, Justice

  Macleod, Donald

  Madan, T.N.

  Madhya Pradesh High Court

  Madras v. Lakshmindra Swamiar

  Mahad Satyagraha

  Mahadeb Jiew v. B.B. Sen

  Mahar Satyagraha

  Maintenance of Internal Security Act (MISA)

  Makhan Singh v. State of Punjab

  Malabari, Behramji

  Malhotra, Justice

  Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India

  Margaret Cousins

  marital: equality within family; intercourse;

  privacy; rape exception; relationship

  market economy

  marriage brokerage contracts

  Marx, Karl

  master-slave dynamic

  Mathew, Justice

  matrimonial property

  McGee v. Attorney-General

  medical intervention

  Mehta, Hansa

  men and women, natural differences

  mental privacy

  Mill, John Stuart

  Miller, David

  Minerva Mills

  minimum wage; as defined by Supreme Court

  Minimum Wages Act

  Minorities Committee

  Mohd. Hanif Qureshi v. State of Bihar

  Montagu, Edwin

  motherhood, gendered at the very stage of conceptualization

  Munshi, K.M.

  Muralidhar, Justice

  Muslim League

  Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act

  Muslims; women in colonial Bengal

  Naga People’s Movement for Human Rights v. Union of India

  Nagappa, S.

  Nagpur Central Jail

  Naidu, Sarojini

  narco analysis; and criminal investigation process

  Narcotics, Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act

  Nargesh Meerza. See Air India v. Nargesh Meerza

  Nariman, Justice Rohinton

  National AIDS Control Organization (NACO)

  National Crime Records Bureau

  Nationa
l Human Rights Commission’s National

  Conference on Human Rights and HIV/AIDS

  National Legal Services Authority (NALSA)

  National Planning Committee, Report, 1939, Women’s Role in a Planned Economy

  National Security Act (NSA)

  Navtej Johar v. Union of India

  Naxalism

  Naz Foundation v. NCT of Delhi; and equal moral membership; and the future of Article 14

  Nehru, Jawaharlal

  Nehru, Motilal; 1928 Report

  nine judgments

  Noble v. Alley

  non-discrimination, clause of the Constitution

  Objectives Resolution

  Olmstead v. New York

  Ontario High Court

  Oral testimony and documentary evidence

  Orissa Civil Service Rules

  Orissa High Court

  Other Backward Classes (OBCs)

  Packard, Vance

  Packer, Herbert

  Parsis’ right to association

  Patna High Court

  Pawar, Soonderbai

  peonage system

  People’s Union for Civil Liberties(PUCL) v. Union of India

  Peoples Union for Democratic Rights (PUDR) and forced labour

  Peoples Union for Democratic Rights (PUDR) v. Union of India

  personal liberty, fundamental right to

  Phule, Jyotirao; Gulamgiri

  physical segregation

  physiological responses

  Pinhey, Justice

  platform economy

  Point of Service (POS) machine

  police interrogations

  Police Regulation

  police surveillance

  political and constitutional liberalism

  political parity

  polygamy

  Poola Bhaskara Vijaykumar v. State of Andhra Pradesh

  Portelli, Alessandro

  Powar, Soonderbai

  power: and duty; relations/structures;—inequality

  pregnancy-based burdens

  Prevention of Seditious Meetings Act

  Prevention of Terrorism Act (POTA)

  Preventive Detention Act

  preventive detention system’ (PDS)

  princely states

  privacy: barriers; beyond the public/private divide, freedom within the family; of community, historical pathways; and the criminal process, Selvi v. State of Karnataka; fundamental right: under the Indian Constitution; within the marriage; in physical sense and of one’s mental process; spatial conception; traditional conceptions

  private: contracts; domain, political conceptualization; enterprise; institutions; insurance contracts; orderings; regime of power; spaces’ (the home), ‘private relations’ (marriage), and ‘private functions’ (sex and ‘procreation’), democratization of; sphere

  Privy Council of the United Kingdom

  Promotion of Equality Act

  public and private divide

  public employment; goals and mode of recruitment, relationship

  public immorality

  Public Interest Litigation (PIL)

  Public Safety Act

  public welfare

  Punjab: Excise Act; insurgency

  Punjab and Haryana High Court

  purity and pollution, social doctrines

  quota system for admissions into institutions and recruitments

  R.C. Cooper v. Union of India

  R.K. Sabharwal v. State of Punjab

  R.S. Singh v. State of Punjab

  racial segregation, Canada; South Africa

  racism and patriarchy

  Rajbala v. State of Haryana (2016)

  Ram Manohar Lohia

  Ram Prasad Seth v. State of UP

  Ramabai, Pandita, The High Caste Hindu Women

  Ramaswamy, Justice

  Ramtekke, Sucshma

  Rangachari

  Rani Raj Rajeshwari Devi v. State of UP

  Rao, Justice Subba

  Rau, B.N.

  Ravidas

  Rawls, John

  Ray, Chief Justice

  Ray, Renuka

  Rayhad, Chief Justice

  Re Drummond Wren, a 1945 Canadian case

  religion: influence in Indian public life; and religious groupings, role in Indian public life

  religious: communities; community-based separate electorates; conceptions; denomination; duties; exclusion; excommunication; freedom;—and group identity: Saifuddin and the anti-exclusion principle;—and secularism; identity and integrity; practices; trust management

  reservation policy, reservations; pre-Constitutional; antithetical to equality of opportunity; carry forward principle

  restrictive covenants

  Roe v. Wade

  Rohatgi, Justice, A.B.

  romantic paternalism

  Roosevelt, Franklin

  Round Table Conference, Second

  Rowlatt Act

  Roy, Raja Ram Mohan

  Rukhmabai, xli

  Sabarimala shrine, disputes over access to

  Sabharwal, R.K.

  Sachar Committee Report

  Safai Karmachari Aandolan (SKA)

  Sahai, Justice

  Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh: caste violence

  Sahu, Lakshminarayan

  Said, Edward

  Saksena, Shibban Lal

  salus populi suprema lex

  Samatha v. State of Andhra Pradesh

  same-sex intercourse

  Samya

  Sant, princely state of

  Sardar Syedna Tahir Saifuddin v. State of Bombay

  Sareetha v. T. Venkatasubbaiah; and the transformative Constitution; the aftermath; the formulation of privacy; implications of Sareetha’s transformative vision

  Sastri, Srinivasa

  Sastri Yagnapurushadji v. Muldas

  Sattianadhan, Krupabai

  Satyamurti, S.

  Scheduled Castes (SCs) and the Scheduled Tribes (STs); reservations for; special provisions for

  Schmerber v. California

  Schmitt, Carl

  Sea Customs Act

  secular intervention and religious autonomy

  Seervai, H.M.

  Sekhri, Abhinav

  self-determination; and future of transformative constitutionalism

  self-incrimination; scope of compulsion; and the early Supreme Court

  Self-Respect movement in Tamil Nadu

  Selvi v. State of Karnataka; and the Due Process Model; and the transformative Constitution

  separate-spheres theory

  Sepoy Mutiny

  Serfdom

  Seshammal v. State of Tamil Nadu

  Sethi, Damodar Swrup

  sex: discrimination; plus’ justification;

  and property; roles, the Indian Franchise movement, and the Constitution

  sexual: assault laws; orientation, discrimination of; relations

  Shah, Justice A.P.

  Shah, Justice J.C.

  Shah, K.T.

  Shahnawaz, Begum

  Shahuji Maharaj

  Shahuji, Maharaja of Kolhapur

  Shastri, Justice Patanjali

  Shelley v. Kraemer

  Shinde, Tarabai

  shops, horizontal discrimination, and the transformative Constitution

  Shreya Singhal v. Union of India

  Shyamlal Mohanlal Choksi

  silos theory of fundamental rights

  Singh, Justice Pratibha

  Singh, R.S.

  Singhvi, Justice G.S.

  Sinha, Chief Justice

  slave trade

  slavery

  social: boycotts; cultural, and economic roles;

  disabilities; disadvantages and disabilities; and economic inequalities; and economic practices of exclusion; and economic sanctions; exclusion; feminism; hierarchies/inequalities; institutions;—of marriage; justice; movements; norms and assumptions; ostracism; practices; reform movements; roles; rules; stigma; structure; welfare and reform

>   Socialist Party

  socio-economic rights

  socio-economic transformation

  sodomy law

  source-code disclosure

  South African: Constitution;

  Constitutional Court; Supreme Court of Appeal

  Southborough Committee on the Franchise

  sovereignty, Western idea

  space, physical division of (‘home’ and ‘outside’)

  spatial and social segregation

  Starte Committee Report

  State: acquiescence; and individual, relationship; policies and popular will;—and individual rights; and the ‘private’; and the ‘public’; role of; socialism; society, corporations, and the individual; surveillance of an individual’s private life

  state-of-exception jurisprudence; emergency; preventive detention

  State of Bombay v. Kathi Kalu Oghad

  State of Bombay v. Narasu Appa Mali

  State of Karnataka v. Uma Devi

  State of Kerala v. N.M. Thomas; and a transformative decision, equality of opportunity; Directive Principles of State Policy

  State of Kerala v. Raneef

  State of Madras v. Champakam Dorairajan

  State of Madras; pre-Constitutional reservation policy

  State of Maharashtra v. Indian Hotel & Restaurants Association

  State of Punjab v. Sukhpal Singh

  State of West Bengal v. Anwar Ali Sarkar

  Stone, Lawrence

  structural: disadvantage; inequalities

  Subbarayan, Radhabai

  suffrage movement

  Sukhnandan Thakur v. State of Bihar

  Suresh Kumar Koushal v. Naz Foundation

  Swaminarayan sect’

  T. Devadasan v. Union of India

  Tarabai

  technological self-determination and the future of transformative Constitution

  Telangana

  Telgi, Abdul Karim

  temple entry issues/movements

  tenBroek, Jacobus

  Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act (TADA)

  Thakur, Sukhnandan

  Thipsay, Justice Abhay

  Thomas, N.M.

  Travancore Devaswom (temple) Board

  Tussman, Joseph

  UNAIDS Declaration

  Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI)

  United Nations General Assembly, Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS

  United States; Constitution; Fourth Amendment; Fifth Amendment; Thirteenth Amendment; Fourteenth Amendment; Constitutional courts; Second Bill of Rights; Supreme Court

  universal adult franchise

  universal adult suffrage

  Unlawful Activities Prevention Act (UAPA)

  unlawful’ acts of association and organization

  untouchability

  untouchables; and touchables, physical contact

  Uttar Pradesh Courts of Wards Act

  Velayudhan, Dakshayani

  Venkatanarayanan, Anand

  Venkatasubbaiah, T. See also Sareetha v. T. Venkatasubbaiah

 

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