Just picture the children in small isolated communities. They will inevitably grow up to do one of the things their fathers or mothers did in the small remote village. They will absorb the local culture, they may weave, plant certain crops, breed a certain farm animal, wash in a certain way, eat in a certain way, worship the same way and marry a partner (or more) according to their tradition. Any suggestion of doing things differently is seen as heresy to those who have upheld those traditions for years. They are not aware of the other worldly possibilities, and their frame of reference is restricted only to what they grew up with. To the western world this may sound a bit far-fetched , but let me assure you that this kind of activity permeates much of Africa, Asia, South America, eastern Europe, the Middle and Near East. In fact, even in the so-called ‘very’ advanced societies like the USA, there are little villages and small towns which have upheld their traditions for centuries, completely separated from the rapid modernisation that has taken place around them.
When the Anunnaki gods decided to help humans learn the skills of survival after the flood, not all humans were convinced that this was a good idea. Some primitive humans most likely did not trust the brutal gods who had oppressed them for so long, and therefore many of them remained in their mountain hideouts, too scared to enter the newly established settlements of people. It must have looked to them like a new version of the labour camps that persisted for millennia around the gold mines. This is why the newborn civilisation did not explode in large numbers of people, but was rather stimulated by its acquisition of know-how virtually overnight. But the global gods eventually found those hidden communities of rebellious slaves and imposed their control on them in the most remote locations. This is all very clearly illustrated in the so-called mythologies of even the most remote tribes of the planet. They all had a similar relationship with the omnipresent gods. But as the new civilised communities' needs for labour increased, they would do what came naturally to them: go into the mountains or the neighbouring village and catch themselves some slaves. After all, those ‘mountain men’ and ‘mountain girls’ were now deemed to be wild and primitive in their eyes: ‘Like father… like son’.
But the irony does not end here. When humans adopted their new wisdom by settling into communities, domesticating animals, planting crops and taking slaves captive in the mountains around them, where did they turn to for their supply of slaves next…? Africa. The cycle of life has now been fully completed. The newly civilised slave species returns to its place of birth to capture slaves for their own needs. Does that sound out of line to you? Well it should not. The violent gene was strong in our DNA then, some 11,000 years ago, and it is still as strong as ever today, let there be no doubt about that. The greed gene is still firmly encoded in our DNA and a whole host of other genes that drive our violent, blood-thirsty behaviour. Slavery is what the human species was born into, and slavery is what we have known until today.
The incredible thing is that virtually all ancient cultures in the world were practising slavery at some stage, starting with the Sumerians and Egyptians. Then came Hammurabi, the priest king of Babylonia who lived around 2123 to 2181 BC. This was a new breed of human king who showed distinct signs of mental evolution in the lineage of human-species-leaders. In essence he was the first great king who established the first metropolis on Earth, Babylonia. The Code of Law which he laid down in clay was one of the first recorded sets of laws in human history. Hammurabi displayed an uncanny feeling for human rights in the face of his own people's tradition in slavery. He detailed many laws pertaining to slaves. Slaves were allowed to own property, enter into business, and marry free women. Formal release by the owner was permitted through either self-purchase or adoption. Nevertheless, even by this humanitarian code, the slaves were still considered as merchandise. The ‘Code of the Hittites’, which was applied in western Asia from 1800 to 1400 BC, was even more humane by conceding that a slave was a human being, although of an inferior order. The ancient Israelites experienced slavery in Egypt, while in the Indus Valley the first documented evidence of slavery coincides with the Aryan invasion of about 2000 BC. Indian literature indicates that slavery was allowed throughout India from the 6th century BC to the beginning of the Christian era, but there is no doubt that slavery was alive and well millennia before that. In ancient Persia, slaves were actually bred for supply purposes for the hungry slave markets. Persian victories in the Aegean islands of Chios, Lesbos, and Tenedos resulted in the enslavement of entire populations. China's entire history is virtually built on a slave culture going all the way back to Huangdi, the ‘Yellow Emperor’ and mystical ancestor of all Chinese, the Xia Dynasty, which started in the 21st century BC.
But the first true slave society in history probably only emerged in ancient Greece between the 6th and 4th centuries BC. At the slave markets of Athens, Rhodes, Corinth, and Delos, a thousand slaves would change hands in an afternoon. Just imagine that kind of setup at the San Francisco harbour in 2004… the modern human mind would not be able to cope with such a desecration of human rights. This must surely be a visible indication of humanity's general state of mental and spiritual evolution. But things were different in Greece 500 years BC. After a major battle, as many as 20,000 captives would go on sale. Some say that Aesop, the legendary story teller, was a freed Greek slave in the 6th century BC. Next in line was Rome, which became even more dependent upon slaves when a form of agricultural slavery called ‘estate slavery’ was introduced. After the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, slavery persisted in Arab lands and in central Europe. Many ‘Slavs’ were captured and taken as slaves to Germany where it seems they retained their derivative name from ‘Slave’. At this stage, slavery across the world was unstoppable and man's cruelty and greed reached unprecedented heights. From the very first day of civilisation, man practised what he was taught by his maker: obsession with gold and keeping slaves.
Slave-owning societies continued and included the Ottoman Empire, the Crimean khanate, the Inca Empire in Peru, the Sokoto caliphate, and the Hausa of Nigeria. It extended to the central Asians such as the Mongols, Kazakhs, and various Turkic groups who also kept slaves. As unbelievable as it seems, slavery was even practised by some native North American Indian people such as the Comanche and the Creek. Even in Africa there was slavery among its own people. This is how firmly our genetic inheritance is entrenched from our maternal donors, the seven original Anunnaki females who gave birth to the first group of ‘slave species’, but we will find out more about them a little later. African chiefs would first sell off their prisoners to the slave traders from Europe. When these ran out, the chiefs would line up their own criminals and wrong-doers to be sold into slavery. When this was not enough, they would simply grab remote and ignorant villages capturing all and sundry for the slave markets. I hope that this is proof enough of the violent gene and greed gene embedded in our DNA.
I do however suspect that there will be many who still have a problem with this concept, so let me take it a bit further. Some men would even sell their wives or children into slavery to pay off their own debts. This barbaric, genetically inherited behaviour reached its apex in the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries when an estimated 20 million slaves were captured in Africa and shipped around the world to places like Brazil, Caribbean and North America, while trade within Africa itself continued. The first slaves to have been brought to South Africa came from Angola on board a Dutch ship called the Amersfoort in 1658, only six years after the first settlement by the Dutch at the Cape of Good Hope. And because I am South African, I have a particular interest in the slave history of this beautiful part of the world. So let's use this as a full chronological example. The rest of the world's slave trade between the 15th and 17th centuries evolved in similar ways. According to Mogamat Kamedien, these are the events surrounding the establishment of slavery in South Africa.
FORMATION OFTHE DUTCH EAST INDIA COMPANY – THE VOC
• 1602 : Chamber Representativ
es of the Netherlands Parliament grants a founding charter to the Dutch East India Company to establish an Indian trading empire in the East.
DUTCH COLONIAL SOUTH AFRICA
• 1652: The Dutch East Indian Company started a refreshment station at the Cape for its VOC shipping fleet on their way to the East and/or on their return trips from Batavia (present day Java as part of Indonesia).
• 1658: The first shipload of slaves are brought to the Cape, from Angola, on board the ship, the Amersfoort.
• 1666: Slaves built the Castle Fort Good Hope.
• 1679: Foundations are laid for the Company Slave Lodge.
• 1693: Slaves at the Cape outnumber free people for the first time.
They are mainly from the Indian Ocean, Mozambique, Madagascar and Mauritius.
• 1717: VOC decides to retain the institution of slavery as the main labour system for the Cape.
• 1725: Evidence exists that runaway slaves had been living at the mountainous Hangklip for extensive periods, between Gordon's Bay and Kleinmond/Hermanus.
• 1754: The governor, Tulbagh, consolidated the numerous VOC slave regulations into a single placaaten, the Cape Slave Code.
• 1754: A census taken of the Cape colony at the time showed the two populations, both slaves and settlers, to be roughly equal to about 6,000 each.
1st BRITISH OCCUPATION
• 1795: The British take over control of the Cape and remain in charge throughout the 19th century.
• 1796: The British outlaw torture and some of the most brutal forms of capital punishments.
2nd DUTCH RE-OCCUPATION: THE BATAVIAN REPUBLIC
• 1803: The Dutch temporarily re-occupy the Cape of Good Hope for a short three-year stay.
2nd BRITISH OCCUPATION: BRITISH SOUTH AFRICA
• 1806: Company slaves are released from the Slave Lodge under rule of the then Governor, the Earl of Caledon.
• 1807: The British outlaw the Trans-Indian Ocean slave trade. It was now illegal to be a slave trader buying or selling slaves, but it was still legal to own slaves. Prohibition on the importation of overseas slaves resulted in the increase of exchange value of Cape born Creole slaves.
1st SLAVE REBELLION
• 1808: The Koeberg Slave Rebellion in the Swartland near Malmesbury, led by Louis of Mauritius, is defeated at Salt River. Resulted in the capturing of 300 farm slaves as dissidents.
• 1813: Het Gesticht, the fourth oldest church building in South Africa is erected in 1813 by the inhabitants of Paarl as a meeting house for non-Christian slaves and ‘heathens’ in the town.
• 1823: The British House of Commons discuss the conditions of slaves at the Cape of Good Hope. A commission of enquiry is appointed due to relentless pressure of the Anti-Slavery Abolitionists lobby.
2nd SLAVE REBELLION
• 1825: A second slave uprising at the farm, Hou-den-Bek, led by Galant van die Kaap, is defeated in the Koue Bokkeveld, near Ceres.
• 1826: Collapse of the Cape wine industry.
SLAVE AMELIORISATION LAWS
• 1826: The Colonial Office intervened by forcing local colonial assemblies to bring the local amelioration legislation into effect through Ordinance 19 of 1826 promulgated at the Cape. This was in line with the Trinidad Order, aimed at the sugar plantation slave owners. Thus the British introduced ameliorisation laws in order to improve the living conditions of slaves as well as a series of practical ameliorisation measures to make punishments less cruel; and the Office of the Protector of Slaves is established with Assistant Slave Protectors in rural towns and villages away from Cape Town.
• 1826: Appointment of the Guardian of the Slaves.
• 1827: Coloured Persons qualified for the municipal franchise of Cape Town, and a Malay property owner was elected as Wardmaster.
• 1828: Ordinance 50 of 1828 liberated the Khoisan into the category on par with Free Blacks and placed all Free Black persons i.e. both Hottentots and Vrye Swartes on equal legal footing with white colonists within the judiciary system.
• 1830: Revised provisions of Ordinance 19 by the British Parliament resulted in the renamed Office of the Protector of Slaves.
• 1830: Slave owners ordered to keep records of slave punishments.
• 1831: Stellenbosch slave owners rioted by refusing to accept the order to keep registers of slave punishments.
• 1832: More than 2,000 slave owners assembled in Cape Town to hold a protest meeting demonstrating against this government order, which was adopted without proper consultation.
SLAVE EMANCIPATION
• 1834: Slavery is abolished in British colonies on 1 December. ‘Liberated’ slaves now fall into the category of Free Blacks, although the ‘freed’ slaves are forced to serve an extended four-year apprenticeship to make them “fit for freedom”.
• 1835: Ordinance No. 1 of 1835 introduced the terms of apprenticeship at the Cape, including the appointment of special magistrates.
• 1836: Start of the Great Trek by 12,000 frontier farmers (Voortrekkers), who demonstrated their unhappiness about the government's policy to release slaves from the control of Free Burghers as slaveholders.
• 1836: Non-whites were finally accorded similar treatment to white colonists in their interaction with the public institutions of the local authorities.
END OF SLAVE APPRENTICESHIP PERIOD
• 1838: End of all slave apprenticeships.
• 1838: About 39,000 slaves are freed on Emancipation Day,
1 December in 1838. Only 1.2 million pounds was paid out against the original estimated compensation amount of three million pounds which was initially set aside by the British government as compensation monies for the about 1,300 affected slaveholding farmers at the Cape of Good Hope.
CAPE ‘MASTERS & SERVANTS’ LABOUR LEGISLATION
• 1841: The Masters and Servants Ordinance was promulgated regulating and criminalising labour relationships between employer and employee in favour of the former slave masters based on the past Cape Slave Codes originally issued by the VOC as ‘Placaaten of India’.
By the 17th century the slave trade was regarded an ‘honourable and noble’ business in Europe through which many companies generated immense wealth and caused untold misery. As the inhumane elements of this trade started to be exposed by small groups of liberals in the 18th century, many of the so-called honourable businessmen fought their accusations with all their wealth and influence. By the end of the 19thcentury, one by one, the guilty culprits signed various ‘abolition of slavery acts’ under pressure from enlightened activists. Argentina 1813; Colombia 1821; Mexico 1829; South Africa 1834; USA 1865 just to mention a few. It was however only in 1948, when the United Nations released the ‘Proclamation of Human Rights Declaration’, which in essence prohibited slavery worldwide. But the United Nations left a huge loophole in the previous declaration, which took another eight years to rectify. They were forced to add a further declaration which dealt with “slave trade and institutions similar to slavery”. To most people today this bit of information will come as a horrific shock: how is it possible that slavery was only officially prohibited in 1956 by the so-called ‘free and civilised’ world? Let me remind you of an earlier sentiment which suggests that “if we don't know where we come from, how can we possibly know where we are going?” For as long as people keep their eyes closed to new evidence and their minds poisoned against new possibilities, we will continue to propagate the ‘slave species’ characteristics which our maker so successfully implanted in us. We were created as a slave species and to this day we remain a slave species, held captive by our ignorance, lack of clarity about our human origins and the stunted genome with which our maker has endowed us.
Even after the 1956 UN proclamation, the inhumane trade in people did not stop. 11,000 years since the emergence of civilised man nothing has really changed. Saudi Arabia only signed the ‘abolition of slavery act’ in 1963 and Mauritania in 1980. Is it not incredibly ironic that
it is once again in Africa, the cradle of man, the birthplace of slavery on Earth, that we find the last place to let go of this abhorrent custom? Slavery is so deeply and firmly rooted in the African ancestry, that it seemingly cannot be escaped. But slavery is still alive and well in the 21st century. It seems that certain parts of our DNA have not evolved at all. In 1988 slaves were sold in Sudan for 30 pounds, and in 1989 China launched a national campaign against the trade in ‘women and children’ slaves. The effort uncovered 9,000 cases of slavery in that year alone. My guess is that this was only the tip of the iceberg in China.
In this technologically advanced global village where every sensational event is reported by global networks within seconds; where communication has become child’s play; where we look at Mars rovers with a certain amount of impatience because we want them to do more stuff, and do it quicker... how free are we really? We spoke about economic warfare in earlier chapters, but it should also be referred to as ‘economic slavery’. This applies to individuals as well as poor countries. In this case the conquering armies do not take prisoners as slaves, they simply enslave the entire country economically. The total indebtedness of poor countries to wealthy countries is so incredibly vast, that it most likely can never be repaid. The strange thing is, that most of the poor countries of the world are those who were raped for slaves by the West for centuries. This rape of many nations understandably resulted in the complete collapse of such countries, that all eventually had to ask for assistance from the aggressor. What a conniving and calculating bunch of ‘civilised’ humans we are.
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