Jefferson’s support of the Revolution in, 57–58
Napoleonic rule, 70
Saint-Domingue slave revolt, 67–70, 72–79
support for the Continental Army, 42
Vesey’s revolt, influenced by, 96
War of 1812, 84–86
Franklin, Benjamin, 62–63
Fredericksburg, Battle of, 298
Free blacks, 7–9, 127, 206, 222
Free Soil Party, 214–215
Freedom of speech, 140, 146
Fremont, John C., 218, 293
French Revolution, 61
Fugitive Slave Act, 143–146, 185–187, 196–197, 225–226
Fugitive slaves, 158–160, 182, 236, 292–293
Gag rule, 147–152, 155–156
Gang system on plantations, 207–208
Garrison, Abijah, 101
Garrison, Fanny Lloyd, 102
Garrison, William Lloyd
abolitionist tensions, 137–138
American Colonization Society and, 109, 111–112
biography, 101–102
British abolitionists and, 109–110
celebration of Union victory, 311
criticism of The Liberator and, 108–109
Dana and, 279
disunion, 153–155, 263
education, 102–103
extremist views of, 138–139
fugitive slave laws, 186
hostile attitude, 99–100
John Brown’s raid, 240
Lincoln and, 259, 297
Lovejoy’s martyrdom, 140–141
lynching plot, 139
Nat Turner insurrection, 105–108
political isolation, 100–101
public denunciations of, 111–113
subscribers’ support of, 104
The Liberator, 97–99
The Slave Power, 178
Weld and, 129, 131
Wilmot’s Proviso, 172
Geary, John A., 221
Genetic inferiority of blacks argued by Agassiz, 190–192, 211
George III, King of England, 30
Gerry, Elbridge, 52
Ghent, Treaty of, 88
Glover, Joshua, 185
Grant, Ulysses S., 291, 305–307, 311–312
Greeley, Horace, 216–217, 230, 279–280, 289–293
Green, Israel, 12–13
Green, Shields, 13
Greene, Nathanael, 42–44
Grimké, Angelina, 133–134
Grimké, Sarah, 133–134
Griswold, Roger, 81
Guerilla warfare, 2–3, 42, 73–74, 306
Habeas corpus, 185, 276
Haiti, 76–79, 94–96. See also Saint-Domingue
Hall’s Island, Virginia, 6
Hamilton, Alexander, 40, 42–46, 49, 58, 69–70
Hamlin, Hannibal, 296
Hammond, James Henry, 180
Harpers Ferry, Virginia, 1, 3–11, 13, 237–239, 243, 247–248, 271, 277, 286. See also Brown, John
Harrison, Constance Gary, 239
Harrison, Robert Monroe, 193
Harrison, William Henry, 164
Hartford Convention, 88–89, 103, 118
Hayne, Robert Y., 108–109, 117–118, 121
Hayward, Shepherd, 7
Hazard, Thomas, 20, 22
Helper, Hinton Rowan, 210
Henry, Patrick, 61
Henson, Josiah, 201–205
Higginson, Thomas Wentworth, 223, 246, 248
Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 302–303
Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr., 302–304
House divided, 231–232
House Foreign Affairs Committee, 165
Houston, Sam, 162
Howe, Julia Ward, 277
Howe, Samuel Gridley, 192, 223, 245– 246, 248
Hunter, David, 293
Ice Age, 190
Illinois, 91
The Impending Crisis in the South (Helper), 210
Independence, American, 26–27
Indiana, 91, 261–262
Industrial Revolution, 115, 117
Industrialization, 54–55
Interstate slave trade, 144
Islam, slavery in, 16
Jackson, Andrew, 88, 100, 117, 119–121, 152, 162, 165–166, 265–266, 268–269
Jackson, James W., 62, 278–279
Jackson, Thomas “Stonewall,” 171, 286
Jamaica, 193–194
Jay, John, 17, 40, 288–289
Jefferson, Martha, 49
Jefferson, Thomas
bankruptcy, 124
challenging the primacy of the Union, 60–61
Declaration of Independence, 28–32
election to the presidency, 67, 71–72
embargo against Britain, 83–84, 178–179
extermination of Haiti’s white population, 77–79
foreign policy, 57–58
Louisiana Purchase, 75, 78, 81–82
Missouri Compromise, 93
New England disgruntlement with, 83
Notes on the State of Virginia, 35–37
Saint-Domingue slave revolts, 70–71, 74
stance on slavery, 47–48
westward expansion, 49–51
Whiskey Rebellion, 58–59
Jeremiad, 103–104, 178
Jewish-Americans, 253
John Brown’s Body, 276–277, 310
Johnson, Albert Sidney, 253–254
Johnson, Andrew, 301
Johnson, Louisa, 180
Johnson, Sally, 180
Johnson, Samuel, 31–32
Johnston, Joseph, 253–254, 282–288
Kansas Committee, 223, 229–230
Kansas-Nebraska Act, 195, 197, 213, 218, 233
Kentucky, 60–61, 82, 268, 296
King, Rufus, 92–93
Knapp, Isaac, 97–98, 108–109
Know-Nothings, 214, 219
Ladd, Luther C., 276
Lafayette, Marquis de, 34, 55, 61, 309
Lane, Joseph, 251
Laski, Harold, 304
Laurens, Henry, 40–41
Laurens, John, 39–46, 48
Lear, Tobias, 59
Leclerc, Charles, 72–74
Lee, Custis, 236, 272
Lee, Henry “Light Horse Harry,” 58–59, 85
Lee, John, 268
Lee, Mary Custis, 106, 234, 237, 272, 281
Lee, Robert E.
abolitionists’ postwar hostility towards the South, 312
advisor to Jefferson Davis, 281–282
Antietam, 295
Brown’s execution, 246–247
Buchanan’s election, 220–221
Bull Run, 288
Bull Run (second), 294
collapse of the Union, 253–254
cooperation with Lincoln, 313
fortification of Virginia, 282–283
Fredericksburg, 298
Harpers Ferry, 11–12, 237–238
leadership of Virginia, 273–274
Lincoln and, 264–265
Mexican War, 170–172
Nat Turner uprising, 106–107
resignation of, 269–273
secession, 255
surrender, 305–307
treatment of slaves, 234–237
Virginia’s secession threat, 268–272
Yorktown Peninsula battles, 291
Lee, Robert E. Jr., 234
Lee, Rooney, 272
Letcher, John, 273–274
Lewis, Dixon, 151
Lexington, Massachusetts, 27, 271
The Liberator, 97–99, 104, 108–109, 112, 131, 154–155
Liberia, 89–91, 95, 127
The Life of George Washington (Everett), 254–255
Lincoln, Abraham
assassination of, 312–313
Bull Run, 288–289
challenge to Douglas, 229–231
circumvention of the Constitution, 276
commitment to rights for blacks, 213–214
compensated emancipation, 173, 232, 292,
296–297
Dana’s On To Richmond war cry, 283
debates with Douglas, 232–234
election to Congress, 172–173
election to the presidency, 252
Ellsworth’s death, 279
Emancipation Proclamation publication, 295–297
executive authority, 281
Greeley’s Prayer of Twenty Millions, 291–292
inauguration speech, 306
John Brown’s raid, 240
Lee and, 264–265, 269, 273
Maryland’s lack of support for, 275
nomination, 249
political tensions over secession, 261–264
postwar policy, 308
religious and spiritual views, 294–295, 299–300
Republican Party, 215
response to secession, 266
signing of the Emancipation Proclamation, 298–300
struggle for Fort Sumter, 266–268
troops in D.C., 280
Tyler’s meeting with, 259
union versus disunion, 301
Lincoln, Benjamin, 41–42
Lincoln, Mary, 298–299, 309, 313
Lincoln, Tad, 308
Livingston, Robert R., 75
Loring, Edward G., 185–186
Louis Napoleon, 294, 309
Louisiana Territory/Louisiana Purchase, 72, 75, 78, 81–82, 91
Louverture, Toussaint, 69–74
Lovejoy, Elijah, 139–141
Lowell, James Russell, 169–170
Macandal, François, 68
MacDowell, James, 126
Madison, James, 60–61
American Colonization Society, 89
Britain’s divisive trade policy, 86–87
call for resignation, 88
centralization of government, 51–54
election as president, 84
Exposition of 1828, 116–117
Hartford Convention demands, 88
Missouri Compromise, 93–94
nullification crisis, 120
Saint-Domingue slave revolts, 74
Manassas, Virginia, 282–283
Manifest Destiny, 161–162, 169
Marion, Francis, 42
Maroon communities, 2, 68–69
Marriage, 56, 179–180, 191–192, 203
Marshall, John, 154
Marshall, Thomas F., 153–154
Martial law, 293
Maryland, 268, 274–278
Mason, George, 53, 248
Mason, James M., 14, 247–248, 256
Massachusetts, 17, 26–27, 32, 85–86, 97–98, 108–109, 275–276
Mather, Cotton, 50–51
McClellan, George, 291, 293
McDowell, Irvin, 284, 287
Media
Bull Run, 289
escalating hatred, 216–217
John Brown’s raid and trial, 238–239, 241–244, 249–250
Nat Turner insurrection, 107
response to the Emancipation Proclamation, 296
secession, 266, 280–281
The Liberator, 97–99, 104, 108–109, 112, 131, 154–155
Mexican War, 168–171, 173–174, 181
Mexico, 50–51, 161–162, 165, 168, 192
Military, blacks’ right to serve in, 42–44, 128, 268, 297–298
Miller, William Bluffton, 138, 301–302
Millerism, 138
Mills, Samuel, 89
Missouri, 91–93
Missouri Compromise, 91–94, 144–145, 269
Mob violence, 275
Monroe, James, 50–51, 71, 75, 89
Morris, Gouverneur, 52
Morton, Edwin, 245
Morton, Samuel George, 190–191
Mount Vernon, 55–56, 63–65
The National Era, 187
Negro Act (South Carolina), 24–25
New England
Britain’s divisive trade policy, 86–87
embargo against Britain, 83–84
Garrison’s education, 102–103
Garrison’s Liberator, 97–100
Hartford Convention demands, 88
incitement to war, 255–256
Industrial Revolution and tariffs, 115–116
Kansas-Nebraska Act, 195–196
lack of empathy for the South, 107–108
Missouri Compromise, 91–93
moral and political superiority, 50–51, 98
push for disunion, 87–88
response to the Louisiana Purchase, 82
sectionalism over the Missouri Compromise, 93–94
War of 1812, 84–86
westward expansion, 117–118
New Jersey, 17–19
New Mexico, 183
New York, 17, 23, 25, 82, 132–133
New York Herald, 216–218
New York Sun, 216–217
New York Tribune, 216, 218, 236, 279–280, 283, 291–292
Newburyport Herald, 102
Newby, Dangerfield, 7, 9
Newton, John, 23
Nicolay, John G., 288–289
Ninety-day volunteers, 283–284
Norris, Wesley, 236–237
Northwest Ordinance, 51, 91, 125
Notes on the State of Virginia (Jefferson), 35–36
Nullification, 116–117, 119, 184
Oberlin College (Ohio), 130–131, 135
Ohio, 117, 131, 293
On the Origin of Species (Darwin), 192
Oregon territory, 167–168
Otis, Harrison Grey, 87, 103, 108–109, 139
Otis, James, 25–26
Overseers, black, 205–207
Paine, Lewis, 309
Paredes, Mariano, 168
Parker, Theodore, 223, 225, 246
Patterson, Robert, 284–285
Peace convention, 259–260
Phillips, Wendell, 139–141, 244, 268, 294, 297
Pichon, Louis-André, 67, 74
Pickering, Timothy, 81–83, 102–103
Pierce, Franklin, 185–186, 218–220, 250
Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, 53
Pinckney, Henry Laurens, 147
Pinckney, William, 92
Plantation economy, 17, 67–68, 72, 115–116, 125, 192–194, 207–209, 234–237, 261–262
Polk, James K., 147–148, 150, 165, 167–170, 172–173, 181
Postal laws, 145
Postwar policy, Lincoln’s, 308–309
Pottawatomie Creek, 198, 216, 223–224, 243
“Provisional Constitution and Ordinances for the People of the United States” (John Brown), 3–4, 6
Pryor, Roger, 267
Punch, 296
Puritans, 82, 196
Quakers, 17–18
abolition in the District of Columbia, 148–149
emancipation proposal, 62
opposition to slavery, 18–22
pushing for abolition in Virginia, 123–124
Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 189
Virginia slave revolts, 71
Race war, 128, 292, 297
Racial equality, 233
Racism
abolitionists’ postwar hostility towards the South, 311–312
Agassiz’s anthropology, 190–192
American Colonization Society, 90
early history of slavery, 15–16
Jefferson’s Notes on the State of Virginia, 36–37
justifying slavery, 18
Lincoln-Douglas debates, 232–234
Wilmot’s Proviso, 172
Railroad, 7–11, 275–276, 278
Randolph, Jane, 124
Randolph, John, 70–71, 84, 89, 92, 116
Randolph, Thomas Jefferson, 124–128, 174–175
Rape, slavery as, 98–99, 104
Raymond, Henry, 266
Rebel yell, 287
Recession, 115–116
Redpath, James, 239–240, 244
Religion
abolitionists’ doctrines, 139–141
anti-Lincoln rallies, 252–253
Benjamin Frankli
n’s hoax, 62–63
black churches, 95–96
British abolitionists, 110–111
Brown’s religion of violence, 225–226
concerns over disunion, 53
Cotton Mather’s moral superiority of New England, 50–51
early history of slavery, 16
Garrison’s political and religious views, 100–103
inspiring Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 188–189
John Brown, 196–197, 225–226, 242–243
Lincoln’s beliefs, 294–295, 299–300
Millerism, 137–138
Quaker opposition to slavery, 17–22
religion among slaves, 24
temperance movements, 130
The Slave Power replacing, 177–178
Weld’s abolitionist crusade, 130–135
Republican Party, 296
Blair’s defection to, 269
emergence of, 214
Lincoln nomination, 249
Lincoln’s leadership, 231–232
Maryland’s hostility to, 275
national convention, 218
Thoreau’s speech on Brown, 244
Whig Party, 100
Rhode Island, 20–21, 34–35, 39–40, 84, 86
Richmond Enquirer, 128, 238, 257, 296
Riley, Isaac, 202–204
Roane, William Henry, 123
Robertson, John, 273
Rogers, Nathaniel Peabody, 138
Ross, David, 206–207
Ruffin, Edmund, 243–244, 267
Rush, Benjamin, 26
Russell, Thomas B., 224–225
Rutledge, Edward, 32
Rutledge, John, 41–43, 53
Saffin, John, 18
Saint-Domingue, 67–70, 72–77, 95, 125, 134–135, 159. See also Haiti
Sanborn, Franklin, 222–224, 226, 245, 248
Santa Anna, Antonio López de, 162, 170
Scott, Dred, 230, 232
Scott, Winfield, 170–171, 173–174, 255, 263–266, 270–272, 278–279, 282–284, 288–289
Secession, 50
anti-Lincoln rallies, 252–253
as Democratic platform, 251–252
Lincoln’s response to, 263–264
New England’s push for, 87–88, 118
over the Louisiana Purchase, 82
Ruffin’s fanaticism, 243–244
Virginia, 255–258
Virginia’s threat of, 262, 271
Virginia’s vote for, 278–279
Whiskey Rebellion, 58
Second Great Awakening, 102
Seddon, James A., 259
Seditious journalism, 108
Segregation, 210
Seven Years’ War, 72
Seward, Frederick, 299–300, 310–311
Seward, William, 218, 231–233, 240, 249, 257, 261, 263–264, 266, 288–289, 293–294, 299–301
Sexual abuse, 135
Shays, Daniel, 51
Sherman, William Tecumseh, 287, 302, 311
Shiloh, Battle of, 291
Skilled slaves, 206–207
Slave army, 39–41, 128, 268, 297–298
Slave patrols, 157–160
The Slave Power, 3, 162–163, 167, 169, 185–186, 197, 211, 217–218
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