Jazz: New Orleans 1885–1957 (Charters), 70
Jefferson Airplane, 173
Jefferson, Blind Lemon, ix, 9–11, 18, 23, 43, 75–76, 84, 87, 146, 289n39
Jefferson, George, 10–11
Jefferson, Marcella, 10–11
“Jesus, Won’t You Come by Here,” 11, 121. See also “Now Is the
Needy Time”
Jewel Records, 149, 150, 151, 186
Jim Crow laws, 32, 85
Johnson, Conrad, 33
Johnson, Floyd, 4
Johnson, Lonnie, 23, 30
Johnson, Robert, 17
“Jole Blon,” 46, 48
Jones, Abner, 33
Jones, Little Hat, 23
Jordan, Tucker, 8
Joseph, Harold “Frenchy,” 146
juke joints, 25
Juneteenth Blues Festival, 205, 221, 223; and “Lightnin’ Hopkins Day,” 220
Kagan, Shel, 130
Kahal, Sol, 294n47
“Katie Mae Blues,” 43, 116
KCOH, 53
Kelly, J. D., xii
Kelly, Reverend Johnny, 227
Kessler, Joe, 118
KFVD, 66–67
Kilpatrick, Joe “Spider,” 77, 103, 122–23, 146
King, B. B., 233
King, Freddie, 232
King, Martin Luther Jr., 86
Knight, Elizabeth, 104
Kroll, Connie, 62
KPRC, 40
KYOK, 53
Lacy, Elamer, 16, 28, 38, 224
Lang, Eddie, 23
Langford, Clyde, xiii, 4, 8, 18, 37, 42
Last Night Blues (recording), 107, 109
“Late in the Evening,” 64
Lay, Sam, 148
“Leaving Blues,” 64
Ledbetter, Huddie (Leadbelly), 15, 61, 70, 79, 87, 100, 115, 156
Ledbetter, Martha, 115, 129
Leadbitter, Mike, 41, 179, 301n81
Legacy of the Blues series, 203
Lennon, John, 184
Leonard, Victor, 122
Leon County (Texas), 1, 12; slave property in, 2
Leona (Texas), 5
Lester, Julius, 172
“Let Me Play with Your Poodle,” 36
“Letter to Lightnin’ Hopkins,” 299n21
“(Letter to My) Back Door Friend,” 150
“Levee Camp Moan,” 25
Leventhal, Harold, 79, 83, 104–5, 110–11, 114, 121
Lewis, George, 70
Lewis, Huey, 230, 310n89
Lewis, Stan, 149–50, 186, 192
“Life I Used to Live,” 64
Lightnin’ (recording), 109
“Lightnin’ Blues,” 50, 131, 132
Lightnin’ and the Blues (recording), 115–16
Lightnin’ and Co. (recording), 123
Lightnin’ in New York (recording), 110, 111
“Lightnin’ Don’t Feel Well,” 65. See also “Wonder What Is Wrong with Me”
Lightnin’ Hopkins Appreciation Society, 151
Lightning Hopkins: Last of the Great
Blues Singers (recording), 116
Lightnin’ Hopkins, Rare Performances 1960–1979 (recording), 302n7
Lightnin’ Hopkins Strums the Blues (recording), 115
“Lightnin’ Jump,” 64
“Lightnin’s Piano Boogie,” 110
Lightnin’ Slim (Otis Hicks), 232
Lightning Strikes (recording), 119, 149, 198, 301n82
Lippmann, Horst, 135, 147
Lipscomb, Mance, 54, 102–3, 131, 140, 179, 181, 188, 190, 197, 231
“Little Antoinette,” 182
Little Richard (Richard Penniman), 67
“Little School Girl,” 56
Little Walter (Walter Jacobs), 148
Live at the Bird Lounge (recording), 161
Lockett, Jesse, 46
Logan, Don, 186–88, 192
Lohr, Fran Petters, 190
Lomax, Alan, 147, 307n34
Lomax, John A. Jr., 69, 78–79, 92, 96–101, 104, 117, 140, 175, 179, 188, 227, 307n34
Lomax, John A. Sr., 100
The London Muddy Waters Session (recording), 198
Lone Star Colored Baseball League of Texas, 21
Lore, Nick, 300n51
Lyday, Jim, 79
Lyon, George, 137
lynching, 3
Mahal, Taj, 194
Marshall, Thurgood, 86
Mary Allen College, 9, 289n35
“Matchbox Blues,” 136
Matrix (club), 173–74
Mayhew, Aubrey, 146
McAdoo, Bill, 104–5
McCarthy, Joseph, 104
McCartney, Paul, 184
McCaskill, Bill “Rascal,” 53
McCormick, Robert “Mack,” 18, 30, 45, 47, 54, 61, 68, 69–70, 73, 84, 90, 93, 95–96, 98, 101–4, 106–8, 113, 117, 119, 120–23, 146, 153, 188, 297n37, 298n64; arrest warrant of, 127; and Folkways letter, 91–92; Lightnin’ Hopkins, promoting of, 78–81, 83; Lightnin’ Hopkins, recording of, 76–77, 87, 89; Lightnin’ Hopkins, relationship with, as deteriorating, 124–28
McDowell, Fred, 147, 231
McGhee, Brownie, 70, 79–80, 100, 147, 210, 299n21
“Mean Old Frisco,” 109
“Mean Old Twister,” 43
Meeker, Robert C., 53
Mello, Breno, 159
Mercury Records, 62, 64
“Mercy,” 48
“Merry Christmas,” 63
Mesner, Eddie, 41, 43, 45, 48
Michel, Ed, 101
“Mighty Crazy,” 111
Mikofsky, Anton J., 218–20
Milburn, Amos, 40–41, 44
Miles, Luke “Long Gone,” 99, 103, 189
Miller, Henry, 171
Milton, Mabel, 13, 125
“Mini Skirt,” 184
Mississippi Sheiks, 23
Mister Jelly Roll (Lomax), 70
“Moanin’ Blues,” 64
Modern Records, 48, 58
“Mojo Hand,” 113, 114, 193, 206, 300n62
Mojo Hand (Phillips), 155, 159, 166–67; critical reaction to, 171–72
Mojo Hand (recording), 113, 130
Monroe, Bill, 196
Moon, Bucklin, 167
“Moonrise Blues,” 49
Moore, Chintz, 22–23
Moore, Ella B., 22
Moore, Tom, 54–55, 87, 102. See also
“Tom Moore’s Farm”
Morgenstern, Dan, 132–33, 192
Morrison, Van, 230, 310n89
Mousner, Jim, 86
“Move on Out Boogie,” 64, 151
“Mr. Charlie,” 97, 184, 186, 219, 223
“Mr. Charlie, Your Rollin’ Mill Is Burnin’ Down,” See “Mr. Charlie”
Mullen, Patrick, 84
Murray, Albert, 171
Musselwhite, Charlie, 67
“My Little Kewpie Doll,” 64–65. See also “Bad Boogie”
Naifeh, Alfie, 200, 212
Napier-Bell, Simon, 152
Nash, Tom, 5
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), 85
National Students Association, 156
Newell, Inez, 46
New Lost City Ramblers, 114
Newport Folk Festival, 147
Nixon, Elmore, 137, 185, 187
Nixon, Hammie, 141
Normangee (Texas), 22
“Nothin’ But the Blues,” 65
“Now Is the Needy Time,” 11. See also “Jesus, Won’t You Come by Here”
Ochs, Phil, 145
Odetta, 156
“Old Country Stomp,” 7
Oliver, Joe “King,” 23, 61
Oliver, Paul, xiii, 95, 102–4, 142, 151–52, 295n69
Olivier, Barry, 97
O’Neal, Jim, 222
On the Road Again: Down Home Blues, Jazz, Gospel, and More (film), 302n7
Otis, Charles “Honey Man,” 219
Paley, Tom, 114
Palmer, Earl, 149
Palmer, Robert, 205, 222
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Patoski, Joe Nick, 134, 302–3n11
A Pattern of Words (television program), 110
Patterson, J. L. Jr., 127
Paula Records, 186
Pearl, Bernie, 194–95, 197, 232
Pearl, Ed, 98–100, 125, 189, 194, 196, 197, 198
Peery, Carroll, 118–19, 138–39, 183, 191, 235
“Penitentiary Blues” (“Groesbeck Blues”), 75, 181–82. See also
“Bud Russell Blues”
Phelan, Charlotte, 82–83, 88
Phillips, J. J., 155, 166, 170, 304n4, 305n12; arrest of, 157; background of, 156; and Lightnin’ Hopkins, 157–69, 171–72
Phillis Wheatley High School, 33
Pickens, Buster, 29, 123, 200
Pickwick Records, 146
Plessy v. Ferguson, 32
Point, Michael, 217
“Policy Game,” 63
Pollock, Mark, 212
“Polo Blues,” 27
Pope, Kay, 144
Poppy Records, 190–91
Porper, Howard, 69
“Prairie Dog Hole,” 27
Prestige/Bluesville Records, 117, 126–27, 146, 151, 201, 229–30
Price, Sam, 23
Puckett, Riley, 7
Pullum, Joe, 53
Quinn, Bill, 45–46, 48–52, 54, 56–59, 69, 91, 119, 152, 293n38, 294n46, 295n59, 295n61, 301n82
race records, 48, 115, 294n52
Racine, Marty, 226–27
radio: African Americans, targeting of, 66
Rainey, Ma, 133
Ramey, Ben, 79, 81
Ramsey, Frederic, 70, 73
Rau, Fritz, 135, 147
Real Jazz (Panassie), 70
Reconstruction, 3
“Reminiscences of Blind Lemon,” 75–76
Robertson, Eck, 7
Robey, Don, 52
Robinson, Bobby, 112–14, 130–31, 201
Robinson, Clyde, 28
Robinson, Frank, xiii, 28
Rochon, Lonnie, 53
rock ‘n’ roll, 67, 82
“Rocky Mountain Blues,” 43–44, 108, 239. See also “I Can’t Stay
Here in Your Town”
Rogers, Larry, 213, 215
Rogers, Lelan, 184–85, 187
Ronn Records, 186
The Rooster Crowed in England (recording), 87, 89, 240
Rotante, Anthony, 95, 152, 237
Rowe, Mike, 152
Royal Amalgamated Association of Chitterling Eaters of America, 295n73
Rubenstein, Mansel, 153, 184
Russell, Tony, 152
Sanborn, Frank, 46
Santa Fe Group, 32–33
Schilthuis, Laurence, 239
Schuller, Tim “Mit,” 215
Score Records, 115
Scott, Frank, 151
Sebastian, John, 110, 300n51
“Section Gang Blues,” 25
Seeger, Mike, 114
Seeger, Pete, 79, 85, 104–5, 115, 296n23
“See That My Grave Is Kept Clean,” 75
“Sellin’ Wine in Arizona,” 191
Serenaders, 13
Shad, Bobby, 58–62, 116, 201
Shaw, Arnold, 59
Shaw, Robert, 32, 188, 211
Sharp, Cecil, 79
Shelton, Robert, 89, 105, 107, 130
“She’s Mine,” 75
Shine, Black Boy, 32
“Shining Moon,” 48, 64, 109
“Short Haired Woman,” ix, 47–50, 81, 89, 107, 115, 136, 142, 150
“Shotgun Blues,” 49, 56
“Sick Feeling Blues (I’m Aching),” 64
Silber, Irwin, 104
Silver, Al, 64
Silverman, Jerry, 104
Sims, Estelle, xi
Sims, Frankie Lee, 29, 55–56, 239
Sing Out! (magazine), 104
Sittin’ In With Records, 58, 62
Skoog, Larry, 41
“Slavery,” 181–82, 234
Smith, Bessie, 14, 55
Smith, Charles Edward, 116
Smith, Wilson “Thunder,” xiv, 41, 43–44, 200
Smokes Like Lightning (recording), 122, 124, 153
Snyder, Robert, 171
“Some Day Baby,” 58
Sometimes I Believe She Loves Me (recording), 139
Sonet Records, 203
songs: as commodity, 60
“So Sorry to Leave You,” 109
Soul Blues (recording), 137, 151
“Spirituals to Swing” concert, 70
square dances, 6–7
Stack, Frank, 80
Starr, Ringo, 173
Steele, Lanny, 205, 221, 308n16
Stewart-Baxter, Derek, 142
Stoneham, Luther, 39, 293n38
“Stop Drinking,” 310n89. See also “Better Watch Yourself”
Story, Zarefah, 114
Strachwitz, Chris, x–xi, 50, 52, 54, 71–72, 76–77, 89, 95, 98, 102–3, 113, 120–22, 131, 133, 135, 136, 138, 140, 147–48, 154, 170, 181, 190–91, 197–98, 230–31, 235, 294n46, 295n59, 301n87
SugarHill Studios, 51, 293n43
“Sugar Mama,” 49
Sumlin, Hubert, 141
Sunnyland Slim, 141
The Sun’s Gonna Shine (film), x–xi, 180
Swank, Sam, ix
Sweatt, Heman, 85
Sweatt v. Painter, 85
“Take It Easy,” 110
Tampa Red, 30, 36, 84
Tanner, Gid, 7
“Tell Me Baby,” 75
Terry, Sonny, 80, 100, 107–9, 147, 210
Texas: African Americans in, viii; baseball in, 21; during Civil War, 2
Texas blues, vii–ix
Texas Blues Man (recording), 184
Texas Blues Society, 151
“That Mean Old Twister,” 80, 81
Theater Owners Booking Association (TOBA), 23, 57
“Thinkin’ ‘bout an Old Friend,” 110
13th Floor Elevators, 184, 186
Thomas, Andy, 293n38
Thomas, Beulah (Sippie Wallace), 33
Thomas, Danny, 184–85
Thomas, George W., 33
Thomas, George W. Jr., 33
Thomas, Henry, 7–8
Thomas, Hersal, 33
Thomas, Marcellus, 181
Thompson, Lurie, 5
Thompson, Sid, 41
Thornton, Big Mama, 218
Thornton, Yank, 54
Through the Years: A Historical Sketch of Leon County (Leathers), 2
Time Records, 116
“Tim Moore’s Farm,” 55, 102, 123, 181–82; as protest song, 54, 86–87, 234
Titon, Jeff Todd, 96
“T’ Model Blues,” 55
TNT Records, 62, 64, 91
Tolbert, Frank, 43
“Tom Moore.” See “Tim Moore’s Farm”
Tonneau, Serge, 152
Tradition Records, 89, 298n53
A Treasury of Field Recordings (recording), 90
Trident Press, 155, 167
Turner, Ben, 64
Turner, B. K. “Black Ace,” 56
Turner, Felton, 85
The Unexpurgated Folk Songs of Men (recording), 89
University of Texas Law School, 85
“Unsuccessful Blues (Can’t Be Successful),” 50
“Up on Telegraph,” 191
Van Ronk, Dave, 145
Van Zandt, Townes, 190, 232
Vaughan, Jimmie, 211, 232
Vaughan, Stevie Ray, 211, 232–33
Verve Records, 149
“Vietnam War,” 187
Village Gate, 104, 107, 114, 130, 132–33, 215
von Schmidt, Eric, 112
“Walking Blues,” 50
Walkin’ This Road by Myself (recording), 122–23
“The War Is Over,” 63
Warren’s Bottom (Texas), 2–3, 5
Washington, Lorine, 6, 125
Waterman, Dick, 193
Waters, Muddy, 47, 56–57, 61, 66, 113, 151, 192, 198, 203–5, 221, 235, 307n34
Watson, D
oc, 196
Watson, Johnny “Guitar,” 67
Wawzyn, Dietrich, 131
WDIA, 66–67
Weavers, 70, 104–6
Welding, Pete, 106
Wesley, Carter, 86
“West Coast Blues,” 43
Wheelin’ on Beale (radio program), 66
“Whiskey Headed Woman,” 49
White, Bukka, 190
White, Hattie Mae, 85
White, Tony Joe, 190
Whiz Records, 153
Wiesand, Stephanie, 141
Williams, Big Joe, 50, 84, 100–1
Williams, Clarence, 23
Williamson, John Lee “Sonny Boy,” 30, 84, 141, 310n89
Williams, L. C., 56, 103
Williams, Moohah, 66
Williams, Ted, 35
Wills, Bob, 46
Wilmer, Val, 143–44
Wilson, Harding “Hop,” 55, 239
Wilson, John S., 81–82, 93, 115
Wilson, Ron, 208, 211, 220
Winter, Johnny, 184
WLAC, 67
“Wonder What Is Wrong with Me,” 65. See also “Lightnin’ Don’t Feel Well”
Wood, W. D., 2
World Pacific Records, 101
Wright, Dan, 29
Wynne, Angus III, 134
Yates, Peter, 156
Ziehm, Howard, 120
“Zolo Go,” 50–51
zydeco, 33, 51
Also by Alan Govenar
Nonfiction
Texas Blues: The Rise of a Contemporary Sound
Untold Glory: African Americans in Pursuit of Freedom, Opportunity and Achievement
The Early Years of Rhythm and Blues
Stoney Knows How: Life as a Sideshow Tattoo Artist
Masters of Traditional Arts: A Biographical Dictionary
African American Frontiers: Slave Narratives and Oral Histories
Portraits of Community: African American Photography in Texas
Deep Ellum and Central Track: Where the Black and White Worlds of Dallas Converged (with Jay F. Brakefield)
American Tattoo
Meeting the Blues: The Rise of the Texas Sound
Flash From the Past: Classic American Tattoo Designs 1890–1965 (with Ed Hardy)
A Joyful Noise: A Celebration of New Orleans Music (with Michael P. Smith)
Living Texas Blues
For Young Readers
Extraordinary Ordinary People: Five American Masters of Traditional Arts
Stompin’ at the Savoy
Osceola: Memories of a Sharecropper’s Daughter
Essay Collections
Juneteenth Texas: Essays in African-American Folklore (with Francis Abernethy and Patrick B. Mullen)
Alan Govenar Page 43