by Mark Puls
43. George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, January 8, 1778; George Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 10, pp. 270–280.
CHAPTER 6—TURNING OF THE TIDE
1. Callahan, Henry Knox, p. 135.
2. Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, February 4, 1778.
3. Elbridge Gerry to Henry Knox, Letters of Delegates, vol. 9, p. 45.
4. Ibid.
5. Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, February 16, 1778.
6. George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, February 21, 1778; Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 10, pp. 489–490.
7. Drake, Life and Correspondence, pp. 55–56; Thayer, Nathanael Greene, p. 222; Terry Golway, Washington's General: Nathanael Greene and the Triumph of the American Revolution (New York: Owl Books, 2006), p. 164; Brooks, Henry Knox, pp. 114–115.
8. Ibid.
9. Thayer, Nathanael Greene, p. 226; Golway, Washington's General, p. 165.
10. George Washington to Henry Knox, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 11, pp. 26–27; George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, March 5, 1778.
11. Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, April 23, 1778.
12. Ibid.
13. Ibid.
14. George Washington to Gouverneur Morris, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 11, p. 306; George Washington to Gouverneur Morris, GWP, April 25, 1778.
15. Journals of the Continental Congress, vol. 10, p. 399; Letters of Delegates, vol. 9, pp. 516–517.
16. George Washington to Henry Knox, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 11, p. 407; George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, May 17, 1778.
17. Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, May 17, 1778.
18. Callahan, Henry Knox, p. 142.
19. General Orders, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 11, p. 361; General Orders, GWP, May 7, 1778.
20. Journals of the Continental Congress, vol. 11, p. 615.
21. Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, June 18, 1778.
22. Drake, Life and Correspondence, p. 57.
23. George Washington to the President of Congress, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 12, p. 143; George Washington to the President of Congress, GWP, July 1, 1778.
24. Moore, Diary, vol. 2, p. 50.
25. Drake, Life and Correspondence, p. 59.
26. Hamilton, Alexander Hamilton: Writings, (New York: Library of America, 2001), p. 54.
27. Drake, Life and Correspondence, pp. 57–58.
28. Brooks, Henry Knox, p. 122.
29. General Orders, GWP, June 29, 1778; George Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 12, p. 131.
30. George Washington to the Continental Congress, GWP, July 1, 1778; George Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 12, p. 145.
31. Drake, Life and Correspondence of Henry Knox, p. 59.
32. George Washington to Gouverneur Morris, GWP, October 4, 1778; George Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 13, pp. 21–22.
33. George Washington to Alexander McDougal, GWP, February 9, 1779; George Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 14, p. 82.
34. James Duane to George Washington, Letters of Delegates, vol. 11, p. 524.
35. Drake, Life and Correspondence, p. 60.
36. Moore, Diary, vol. 2, p. 90.
37. Journals of the Continental Congress, vol. 13, pp. 201–206.
CHAPTER 7—FORTITUDE
1. Henry Knox to Lucy Knox, HKP, August 8, 1779.
2. George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, July 12, 1779; George Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 15, p. 411.
3. GWP, General Orders, April 6, 1780; George Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 17, pp. 214, 286, 302, 468, and vol. 18, pp. 222–225; Journals of the Continental Congress, vol. 16, p. 161.
4. Alexander Hamilton to George Washington, GWP, January 14, 1780.
5. George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, January 15, 1780; George Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 17, p. 399.
6. Drake, Life and Correspondence, p. 62.
7. Ibid., p. 63.
8. Henry Knox to George Washington, Gilder Lehrman Collection, May 23, 1780; Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, May 23, 1780.
9. Journals of the Continental Congress, vol. 17, p. 508.
10. Henry Knox, Ammunition Shortages, GWP, July 3, 1780.
11. George Washington to Continental Congress War Board, GWP, July 4, 1780.
12. Henry Knox to George Washington, Gilder Lehrman Collection, September 9, 1780.
13. Golway, Washington's General: Nathanael Greene, pp. 227–228.
14. Alexander Hamilton, Works of Alexander Hamilton, vol. 9, p. 151; Alexander Hamilton, Hamilton: Writings, p. 90.
15. Callahan, Henry Knox, p. 164.
16. Benedict Arnold to George Washington, GWP, September 25, 1780.
17. John L. Andre to George Washington, GWP, September 24, 1780.
18. George Washington, GWP, General Orders, October 1, 1780.
19. Moore, Diary, Moore ed., vol. 2, p. 213.
20. Ibid.
21. Callahan, Henry Knox, p. 165.
22. George Washington to John Mathews, GWP, October 23, 1780.
23. George Washington to John Sullivan, GWP, November 25, 1780; Letters of Delegates, vol. 16, p. 402.
24. George Washington to James Duane, GWP, December 26, 1780.
25. Drake, Life and Correspondence, p. 63; Callahan, Henry Knox, pp. 167–168.
26. Drake, Life and Correspondence, p. 64.
27. Circular to the New England States and George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, January 5 and January 6, 1781; Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 21, pp. 61, 76.
28. Henry Knox to John Lowell, GWP, January 16, 1781.
29. George Washington to Benjamin Lincoln, GWP, February 10, 1781.
30. George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, February 7, 1781.
31. Henry Knox to George Washington, Gilder Lehrman Collection, February 13, 1781.
CHAPTER 8—YORKTOWN AND SURRENDER
1. Golway, Washington's General, p. 271; Bancroft, History of the United States, vol. 5, p. 504.
2. Golway, Washington's General, p. 286.
3. George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, May 28, 1781; Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 22, p. 126.
4. Henry Knox to William Knox, HKP, July 20, 1781.
5. Henry Knox to Lucy Knox, HKP, August 3, 1781.
6. Callahan, Henry Knox, p. 178.
7. William Knox to Henry Knox, HKP, August 22, 1781.
8. Henry Knox to William Knox, HKP, September 8, 1781.
9. George Washington to Board of War, GWP, September 29, 1781.
10. Nathanael Greene to Henry Knox, HKP, September 29, 1781.
11. Henry Knox to Lucy Knox, HKP, October 1, 1781.
12. Charles Cornwallis, "Report of the Battle of Yorktown," America, vol. 3, pp. 302–303.
13. Brooks, Henry Knox, p. 155.
14. Henry Knox to Lucy Knox, HKP, October 19, 1781.
15. Drake, Life and Correspondence, pp. 72–73.
16. George Washington, General Orders, GWP, October 20, 1781; Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 23, p. 246.
17. Henry Knox to John Jay, HKP, October 21, 1781.
18. George Washington to the President of Congress, GWP, October 31, 1781; Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 23, p. 308.
19. Nathanael Greene to Henry Knox, HKP, December 10, 1781.
20. Journals of the Continental Congress, vol. 18, pp. 1117–1120 and vol. 22, p. 143.
21. Henry Knox to George Washington, Gilder Lehrman Collection, April 21, 1782.
22. Ibid.
23. Letters of Delegates, vol. 18, p. 488.
24. Hamilton, Works of Alexander Hamilton, Federal ed., vol. 9, p. 185.
25. Brooks, Henry Knox, p. 167.
26. George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, August 29, 1782; Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 25, p. 91.
27. Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 26, p. 475.
28. Henry Knox to George Washington, Gilder Lehrman Collection, September 10, 1782.
29. Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 25, p. 150.
30. Henry Knox to Benjamin Lincoln, HKP, December 20, 1782; Brooks, Henry Knox, p. 169.
31. Samuel Osgood to Henry Knox, Letters of Delegates, vol. 19, p. 452.
32. James Madison to Edmund Randolph, Letters of Delegates, vol. 19, p. 5.
33. Journals of the Continental Congress, vol. 25, p. 850; James Madison's Notes of the Debates, Letters of Delegates, vol. 19, p. 571.
34. Journals of the Continental Congress, vol. 25, p. 852; James Madison's Notes on the Debates, Letters of Delegates, vol. 19, p. 580.
35. Alexander Hamilton to George Washington, Letters of Delegates, vol. 19, p. 690; Hamilton, Works of Alexander Hamilton, Federal ed., vol. 9, p. 222.
36. Henry Knox to Alexander McDougal, HKP, February 21, 1783.
37. Henry Knox to Gouverneur Morris, HKP, February 21, 1783; Brooks, Henry Knox, 170; Callahan, Henry Knox, p. 200; Drake, Life and Correspondence, p. 77.
38. Henry Knox to Alexander McDougal, HKP, March 3, 1783; Drake, Life and Correspondence, p. 79.
39. Joseph Jones to George Washington, Letters of Delegates, vol. 19, 746.
40. James Madison to Edmund Randolph, Letters of Delegates, vol. 19, p. 763.
41. Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 26, p. 211.
42. Henry Knox to Alexander McDougal, HKP, March 12, 1783.
43. Henry Knox to Benjamin Lincoln, HKP, March 12, 1783.
44. Washington, Works of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 26, p. 225.
45. Ibid., p. 222.
46. Henry Knox to Benjamin Lincoln, HKP, March 16, 1783.
47. George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, March 24, 1783.
CHAPTER 9—CONFEDERATION SECRETARY
1. Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, April 17, 1783.
2. Henry Knox to George Washington, Gilder Lehrman Collection, September 17, 1783; Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, September 17, 1783.
3. Henry Knox's Reply to Washington's Farewell Address to the Army, HKP, November 2, 1783.
4. George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, December 4, 1783.
5. Benjamin Tallmadge, Memoirs (New York: Fraunces Tavern Museum Collection).
6. George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, December 5, 1785.
7. Henry Knox to George Washington, Gilder Lehrman Collection, January 31, 1785; Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, January 31, 1785.
8. George Partridge to Henry Knox, Letters of Delegates, vol. 22, p. 254.
9. Rufus King to Henry Knox, Letters of Delegates, vol. 22, p. 270.
10. Henry Knox to Charles Thomson, HKP, March 17, 1785; Journals of the Continental Congress, vol. 28, pp. 115, 129.
11. Henry Knox to Samuel Parsons, HKP, March 29, 1785.
12. Callahan, Henry Knox, p. 237.
13. David Ramsay to Henry Knox, Letters of Delegates, vol. 23, p. 187.
14. Letters of Delegates, vol. 23, p. 187.
15. Nathanael Greene to Henry Knox, HKP, March 12, 1786.
16. Journals of the Continental Congress, vol. 31, pp. 739–740.
17. Ibid., p. 752.
18. Henry Knox to George Washington, HKP, October 23, 1786.
19. George Washington to James Madison, GWP, November 5, 1786.
20. Henry Knox to George Washington, HKP, January 14, 1787.
21. Henry Knox to Stephen Higginson, HKP, January 28, 1787.
22. Journals of the Continental Congress, vol. 32, p. 39.
23. Henry Knox to Benjamin Lincoln, HKP, February 14, 1787.
24. George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, March 8, 1787; Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 29, pp. 171–172.
25. Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, March 19, 1787.
26. Callahan, Henry Knox, p. 259.
27. Henry Knox to Winthrop Sargent, HKP, April 15, 1787.
28. Rufus King to Henry Knox, Letters of Delegates, vol. 24, p. 290.
29. Letters of Delegates, vol. 24, p. 352.
30. George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, August 19, 1787.
31. Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, December 11, 1787.
32. Henry Knox to George Washington, Gilder Lehrman Collection, February 14, 1788; Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, February 14, 1788.
33. George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, February 5, 1788.
34. Henry Knox to Marquis de Lafayette, HKP, April 26, 1788.
35. Doughty to Henry Knox, HKP, July 15, 1788.
CHAPTER 10—ILLUSIVE BUBBLES
1. Alexander Hamilton to Theodore Sedgwick, Letters of Delegates, vol. 25, p. 416.
2. Letters of Delegates, vol. 25, p. 417.
3. Alexander Hamilton to James Madison, Works of Alexander Hamilton, Federal ed., vol. 9, p. 321.
4. Henry Knox to George Washington, Gilder Lehrman Collection, December 21, 1788; Henry Knox to George Washington, HKP, December 21, 1788; Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, December 21, 1788.
5. David McClure to Henry Knox, HKP, December 22, 1788.
6. Henry Knox to David McClure, HKP, January 25, 1789.
7. George Washington to Charles Thomson, GWP, April 14, 1789.
8. William Maclay, Journal of William Maclay—United States Senator from Pennsylvania, 1789–1791, pp. 129–130. Online at loc.gov.
9. Callahan, Henry Knox, p. 276.
10. Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, January 12, 1790.
11. Maclay, Journal, p. 175.
12. Henry Knox to Josiah Harmar, American State Papers, Indian Affairs, June 7, 1790.
13. American State Papers, Indian Affairs, August 7, 1790.
14. George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, November 2, 1790.
15. Ibid., November 19, 1790.
16. James D. Richardson, ed., A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Bureau of National Literature and Art, 1910), vol. 1, p. 78.
17. George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, June 8, 1791.
18. Callahan, Henry Knox, p, 285.
19. Brooks, Henry Knox, p. 229.
20. Thomas Jefferson, Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Monticello ed. (Washington, D.C.: Thomas Jefferson Memorial Association, 1904–1905), vol. 1, pp. 350–351.
21. U.S. House Journal, 1st Ses., 3rd Congress, vol. 2, supplemental journal, NP, January 2, 1794.
22. Ian Toll, Six Frigates: The Epic History of the Founding of the U.S. Navy (New York: W.W. Norton, 2006), p. 45.
23. John Lehman, On Seas of Glory: Heroic Men, Great Ships, and Epic Battles of the American Navy, (New York: Touchstone, Simon & Schuster, 2002), pp. 73–74.
24. Ibid., p. 72.
25. U.S. House Journal, 1st Ses., 3rd Congress, p. 87.
26. Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, April 15, 1794; American State Papers, Naval Affairs, vol. 1 p. 6.
27. Lehman, Seas of Glory, p. 78.
28. Thomas Jefferson to John Adams, Thomas Jefferson Papers, November 1, 1822.
29. Henry Knox to Henry Jackson, HKP, May 10, 1794.
30. Messages and Papers of the Presidents, George Washington (Washington D.C.: Federal Register Division, National Archives and Records Service, Government Printing Office, 1956), vol. 1, p. 151; Proclamation, GWP, August 7, 1794.
31. Messages and Papers of the Presidents, George Washington, vol. 1, p. 152; George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, August 8, 1794.
32. Henry Knox to Lucy Knox, Henry Knox Papers, August 17, 1794.
33. Messages and Pa
pers of the Presidents, George Washington, vol. 1, p. 154.
34. George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, September 30, 1794.
35. Ibid., October 9, 1794.
36. American State Papers, Naval Affairs, vol. 1, p. 6.
37. Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, December 28, 1794.
38. George Washington to Henry Knox, Gilder Lehrman Collection, December 30, 1794; George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, December 30, 1794; Washington, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 34, p. 76.
CHAPTER 11—SOLDIER'S HOME
1. Callahan, Henry Knox, p.344.
2. Thomas Morgan Griffiths, Major General Henry Knox and the Last Heirs to Montpelier (Lewiston, ME: Monmouth Press, 1965), p. 48.
3. Thomas Jefferson to Henry Knox, Thomas Jefferson Papers, June 1, 1795.
4. Henry Knox to George Washington, Gilder Lehrman Collection, September 2, 1795.
5. Woodrow Wilson, History of the American People (New York: William H. Wise, 1931), vol. 3, p. 141.
6. Henry Knox to George Washington, Gilder Lehrman Collection, September 2, 1795.
7. George Washington to Henry Knox, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 34, pp. 310–311; George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, September 20, 1795.
8. Messages and Papers of the Presidents, George Washington, vol. 1, p. 188.
9. George Washington to Henry Knox, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol. 35, pp. 12–13.
10. Henry Knox to George Washington, Gilder Lehrman Collection, April 14, 1796.
11. Henry Knox to George Washington, GWP, April 14, 1796.
12. Ibid.
13. Brooks, Henry Knox, p. 248.
14. George Washington to Henry Knox, Writings of George Washington, Fitzpatrick ed., vol 35, pp. 84–85.
15. Henry Knox to George Washington, Gilder Lehrman Collection, January 15, 1797.
16. George Washington to Henry Knox, Writings of George Washington, vol. 35, pp. 408–409; George Washington to Henry Knox, GWP, March 2, 1797.
17. Messages and Papers of the Presidents, John Adams, vol. 1, p. 220.
18. Henry Knox to John Adams, Works of John Adams, Second President of the United States, (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1853), vol. 8, p. 532.
19. John Adams to Henry Knox, Works of John Adams, vol. 8, p. 535.
20. Messages and Papers of the Presidents, John Adams, vol. 1, p. 226.
21. Ron Chernow, Alexander Hamilton (New York: Penguin Books, 2004), p. 549.