by John Howard
NIA. see National Intelligence Assessment
Nicholls Society. see H.R. Nicholls Society
Niger, 453
Nigeria, 524–25, 596, Plate 27
9/11. see 11 September 2001 (“9/11”)
Nixon, Peter, 56, 92, 95, 99, 105, 117, 132, 160
Nock & Kirby’s (department store), 8
North, Anthony Max (Justice), 296, 299, 401
North America, Australian links with, 233. see also Canada; United States
North Korea, 447
North Ryde, NSW, 309
North Shore, NSW, 201, 483
North Sydney (federal electorate, NSW), 52, 66, 320, 661
North West Shelf Consortium, 507–8, 545
Northern Ireland, 41
Northern Territory, 149, 169–70, 204, 270, 283–84, 640, 666, Plate 24. see also Mudginberri abbatoir dispute
Norway, 393, 395–98
Notaras, Len, 413
Nuclear Disarmament Party, 147
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, 530–31
nuclear power, 530, 553–54, 556
nuclear weapons, 147–48, 423, 427, 501, 531. see also Iraq
Nugent, Carol, 371
Nugent, Peter, 371
Nutt, Tony, 379, 405, 600, 616, 647, 682, Plate 21
O
Oakes, Laurie, 116, 218, 360, 369
Oakeshott, Rob, 651, 659, 661
oath of allegiance, 240
Obama, Barack, 349, 388, 423, 429, 458, 474, 550, 560
Obasanjo, Olusegun, 524–25, Plate 27
O’Brien, Kerry, 194, 202, 223, 589
O’Byrne, Michelle, 479–80
O’Connor, Michael, 478
O’Donoghue, Lowitja (Lois), 273
OECD. see Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
O’Farrell, Barry, 666, 683
Office of National Assessments (ONA), 238, 406–7, 436, 454, 456
Office of the Employment Advocate, 579
Officer, Bob, 267
official residences. see Admiralty House, Sydney; Kirribilli House; Prime Minister’s Lodge
O’Hagan, Mike, 578
oil
climate change, 555
Iraq, 359
oil prices
1970s–80s, 54–55, 107, 122
2000–01, 361, 366
see also petrol prices
old growth forests. see forest policy
older Australians, 143–45, 370, 374, 497, 545, 630, 636, 646
O’Leary, Tony, 220, 378, 405, 593–94, 647, 684, Plate 21
Olympic Games, 251, 267, 417
1956 Melbourne, 18
2000 Sydney, 359, 592, Plate 25
2008 Beijing, 597
ONA. see Office of National Assessments
‘One Australia’ (Howard speeches), 173, 271. see also multiculturalism
One China policy, 501–2, 511
One Nation (Hanson movement), 262, 309–11
One Nation (Keating statement, 1992), 189–90, 201
one-off payments. see bonuses
OPEC. see oil prices
opinion polls. see polls & public opinion
Opposition
ALP in (see Australian Labor Party (ALP) in Opposition)
caretaker periods, 476–77
Opposition, Coalition in
elections (see elections)
Victoria, 177, 180
see also shadow ministers
Opposition, Coalition in (before 1949)
East Timor, 338
Menzies as leader, 8, 79, 139
Opposition, Coalition in (1972–75)
1975 crisis & dismissal, 82–85, 88–89
Fraser as leader, 70, 78, 84, 87
Gair affair, 64
Howard as MP, 48, 71–72
Howard as whip, 78–79
non-parlamentary work, 79
policies, 54, 65–67, 70, 72, 78, 108
Senate (1975), 83
Snedden as leader, 56, 76
Opposition, Coalition in (1983–96), 137–228
Brown as deputy leader, 564
Coalition split (1987), 139, 155, 160–67, 170–71
Downer as leader, 204–5, 210, 212
Downer’s shadow cabinet, 204, 210
economic reform, 94, 126, 541, 658, 664–65
Hewson as leader, 193
Howard as deputy leader, 338, 516
Howard as leader, 118, 145, 152–54, 178, 188, 212–13, 219–20, 222, 227–28, 272–73, 465, 514, 516, 664, Plate 19
Howard as manager of business, 197
Howard as shadow minister, 181–82, 185
Howard in, 48, 136, 228, 266, 268, 304
Indigenous policy, 272–73
industrial relations, 136, 287, 561, 566
Keating’s attacks on, 189–90
leadership (see Liberal Party of Australia leadership)
older Australians, 370
policies (1980s), 177
policies (1990s), 186–97, 205, 212, 215, 218–27 (see also Fightback!)
republican debate, 217–18
shadow cabinet, 210
tax policy, 160
waterffront reform, 287
whips, 206
Opposition, Coalition in (from 2007), 200, 495, 497, 531, 556, 568, 581, 583, 602, 648, 651–55, 662–67
Order of Australia, 240, 422, Plate 28
O’Reilly, Bill (Commissioner of Taxation), 108–9
O’Reilly, Bill (cricketer), 149
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 301, 486, 532–33, 535–36, 538, 548, 570
Osama bin Laden, 425
O’Sullivan, John, 669
O’Sullivan, Paul, 683
overseas aid
Asian financial crisis (1997–98), 339, 516–17, 542
Pacific region, 526–27
tsunami (2005), 519–20
overseas borrowing. see Khemlani, Tirath
overseas investment. see foreign investment
overseas visits
Anderson, 501
to China, 501, 503–5, 508, 510, 516, 522
Costello as Treasurer, 313
Fraser as PM, 96
Howard’s first (1964), 35–36
Howard as minister, 95–97, 100, 516
Howard in opposition (1983–96), 147, 173, 338, 465, 503–5, 516
Howard as PM (1996–2007): Africa, 525, Plates 27–28 (see also Commonwealth Heads of Government)
Howard as PM (1996–2007): Asia, 339, 354–55, 416–18, 422, 437, 439, 462–63, 502–8, 510, 515–17, 519, 521–22, 598, 613, 631, Plate 23, Plates 30–32 (see also APEC)
Howard as PM (1996–2007): Europe, 6–7, 339, 362, 437, 439–40, 451, 506, 522–24, 596, Plate 15, Plate 32
Howard as PM (1996–2007): Middle East, 449, Plate 22, Plate 28
Howard as PM (1996–2007): North America, 376–86, 431, 434, 437–39, 450–51, 460, 462–63, 465–67, 470, 472–74, 505, 522, 613, Plates 12–13, Plate 15
Howard as PM (1996–2007): South America, Plate 29
Rudd, 449, 516, 657
Wahid, 517
Whitlam, 55, 78
Oxley (federal electorate, Qld), 90, 172, 255–56
P
P&O (stevedoring company), 291, 300
Pacific region
Australia’s role, 526–27
China in, 511
Pacific Solution. see refugees and asylum-seekers
Packer, Clyde, 32
Packer, James, 313
Packer, Kerry, 33, 150–51, 216, 308, 590–91
Packer family, 32, 66
paid parental leave. see parental leave
Painters and Dockers. see Federated Ship Painters and Dockers Union
Pakistan, 349, 385, 429, 442, 463, 594, 598
Palestine, 425, 591
Palmer, Mick, 489
Papua New Guinea, 141, 403–4, 526–27
Paralympics, 359
Parbo, Arvi, 590–91
parental leave, 4
93–95, 572
Paris. see France
Parker, Beryl, 10, 50, 244–45
Parker family, 50, 244–45. see also Howard, Janette
Parkes (federal electorate, NSW), 32–33
Parkinson, Patrick, 495–96
Parliament (Federal)
Australian system, 588
deadlocks between houses, 69
Howard as member, 4, 18, 47–48, 62, 66–75, 139, 243–44, 268, 646, 648, 669
joint sittings (see joint sittings) judicial appointments, 470
long-serving members, 56
members (1960s), 30
members (1970s), 76
members and senators (1990s), 236–37, 241, 243–44, 256, 268, 280
Nationals in, 235
question time (see question time)
recruiting members, 31
travel allowances, 266
Westminster system, 471
see also Senate
Parliament House
new, 51, 70, 188, 419, 476, 482, 491, 500, 558, 596, Plate 19, Plate 27
old, 69–70, 86–88, 319, 322, 415
parliamentary candidates. see candidates
parliamentary performances
Andrews, 583
Beazley, 400, 628–29
Coalition, 153–54, Plate 19
Costello, 638, Plate 19
Howard, 144–45, 397–99, 415–16, 436, 567, 575
Iraq invasion (2003), 445–46, 455, 628
Keating, 215, Plate 19
Snedden, 66, 71, 77
see also speeches
parliamentary press gallery, 588–89, 610, 617
parliamentary secretaries, 79, 128, 204, 645, 648
Parramatta (federal electorate, NSW)
1973 by-election, 56, 657
1993 election, 194
part-time work. see employment
Pastika (General), 412, 421–22
pastoralists
gun laws, 249, 252
Indigenous policy, 271–72, 274–76
see also agriculture
Patrick (stevedoring company), 288, 290–301
patriotism. see nationalism
Patterson, Kay, 495, 634
Patterson, P.J., 525
Patton, George, 376
payroll tax, 99, 187, 307
PCS (stevedoring company), 295, 300
peace rallies, 147
peace settlement (Middle East), 221
peacekeepers. see East Timor
Peacock, Andrew
as minister (McMahon Government), 92, 141
in Opposition (1972–75), 56, 64, 76, 78
relationship with Fraser, 46, 114–15, 120–21, 125, 146
as minister (Fraser Government), 92, 114–15, 120
in Opposition (1983–94), 139–42, 144–47, 149–52, 154–56, 158, 171–73, 176, 179–81, 183, 185, 188, 191–92, 196
leadership rivalry, 46, 64, 139–42, 144–47, 149–52, 154–56, 158, 171–73, 176, 179–81, 183, 196, 198, 206, 212
relationship with Howard, 64, 140–41, 145–46, 149–53, 171–73, 180–81, 198–99, Plate 19
republican debate, 200
retirement from Parliament (1994), 205–7
as ambassador to US, 243, 349, 376
Peacock, Penne, 243
Pearce, Chris, 371–72
Pearl Harbor, 381–82, 426
Pearson, Noel, 273, 275, 282–86
PEFO. see pre-election economic statements
Pell, George, 323, 326, 421, 576
Penrith, NSW, 225, 267
pensions. see social security
people-smugglers. see refugees and asylum-seekers
periodicals. see reading
Perrin, John, 239, 495–96, 683
Perry, William, 253
Persian Gulf, 389, 435
personal injury case, 45–46
personal relationships. see political and personal relationships
personal security, 379–80
Perth, WA, 159, 210, 350, 380, 413, 429, 567, 594, 598, 605, 632, 641, 644
Petersham, NSW, 5, 9
Petraeus, David, 475, Plate 22
Petrie (federal electorate, Qld), 169
petrol prices, 160, 187, 360–61, 363–70, 374, 544, 639, 649. see also oil prices
petrol rationing, 11
Petrov, Vladimir & Evdokia, 22–23
pharmaceuticals, 482
pharmacies, 20
philanthropy. see charitable organisations
Philip, Prince, 52
Philippines, 313, 351, 354, 520
picture theatres, 5, 12, 14, 17. see also films
pilots’ dispute (1989), 181
plebiscite system, 59, 672
Pol Pot, 120
police
Bali bombings, 412, 417–18, 421
drugs, 489
East Timor, 343, 345, 355
gun laws, 247, 250–53
Solomon Islands, 526–27
waterfront reform, 297–98
see also Australian Federal Police; Australian Federal Police (AFP)
policies. see Australian Labor Party; Coalition; economic policy and management; Liberal Party of Australia; social policies
politeness, 16
political analysts, 88–89
political and personal relationships
Armitage and Powell, 384
Bjelke-Petersen and Peacock, 155–56, 158–59
Bjelke-Petersen and Sinclair, 160
Blair and Bush, 473
Bolger and Keating, 521
Bush (George W.) and Koizumi, 473
Bush (George W.) and Latham, 473, 482
Bush (George W.) and Putin, 377
Bush (George W.) and Rudd, 473–74
Bush (George W.) and Schieffer, 381
Bush (George W.) and Uribe, 473
Clinton, 506
Clinton and Jiang, 506
Costello and Kroger, 178
Costello and Stone, 369, 604
Costello and Turnbull, 614
Downer and Reith, 205
Fraser and Gorton, 46, 51–52
Fraser and Lynch, 99–100, 114–15
Fraser and Muldoon, 521
Fraser and Peacock, 46, 114–15, 120–21, 125, 146
Fraser and Withers, 100, 144–15
Gorton and Hughes, 52
Hawke and Keating, 140, 185–88, 197, 201, 227, 239, 611, 618
Hawke and Lange, 521
Hawke and Mahathir, 514
Keating and Kelty, 223–24
Keating and Mahathir, 514
Keating and Packer, 216
Keating and Suharto, 514
McEwen and McMahon, 44, 47