by Gus Russo
Robinson, By Order of the President.
U.S. House, Select Committee Investigating National Defense Migration (Tolan Committee): hearings, 77th Cong., 2d sess., 1941-42 (SuDocs Y4.N21/5:M58/pts. 29-31); report, 77 Cong., 2d sess., 1942, H. Rpt.
1911, serial 10668; and report, 77 Cong., 2d sess., 1942, H. Rpt. 2124, serial 10668.
42. Commission, Personal Justice Denied, 130.
43. Winifred Ryder, Tolan Committee hearings, 11667; and Tolan Committee, Report 1911, 19.
44. John Tateishi, And Justice for All: An Oral History of the Japanese American Detention Camps (New York:
Random House, 1984).
45. Sandra C. Taylor, Jewel of the Desert: Japanese American Internment at Topaz (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993).
46. Commission, Personal Justice Denied, 132.
47. Ibid., "Instructions to All Persons of Japanese Ancestry," 4-30-42, fig. C; and Taylor, Jewel of the Desert.
48. Dorothy Swaine Thomas and Richard S. Nishimoto, The Spoilage (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1946).
49. Fletcher Bowron to John H. Tolan, 4-27-42, in Tolan Committee, Report 2124, 40.
50. Kotkin and Grabowicz, California Inc., 206.
51. Ibid.
52. Rakove, We Don't Want Nobody, 17, 19.
53. Ibid., 18.
54. Arvey was actually critical to the passing of the UN resolution. When he heard from New York sources that three nations were wavering and might tip the balance against the resolution, he got in touch with Truman, who quickly picked up the phone and made the saving appeals. The bill passed by just two votes more than needed.
55. Berkow, Maxwell Street, 259.
56. Kupcinet, Kup, 85.
57. Chicago Tribune, 8-30-52.
58. Washington Post, 12-22-49.
59. FBI memo, Ladd to Rosen, 7-22-52, Bazelon file; and FBI SAC telex, Cleveland to Hoover, 9-12-51.
60. Chelf Committee, 8-7-52, 82nd-83rd Congress, Judiciary Committee, Subcommittee to Investigate Justice Department, Case Files, Series B, Bazelon File, Box 53, Congressional Legislative Archives, Library of Congress.
61. Chicago Tribune, 3-7-48.
62. Ziffren letter to Treasury, 4-22-41, NARA RG 131, Foreign Funds Control, Box 795.
63. Memo from Evans to Rosen, 5-29-57, Bazelon file.
64. Demaris, Captive City, 221.
65. Weingart holdings culled from numerous files by Robert Goe, including Alien Custodian Book of Vesting Orders; California State Grantee-Grantor Records, Assessors Records; and L.A. City Clerks Records.
66. Chicago Tribune, 3-7-48.
67. Quoted in Murray, Legacy of Al Capone, 35.
68. Warehouse records: L.A. County Official Records Books 49977, p. 272; 26341, p. 222; 24907, p. 357; and L.A.
County Clerk Partnership File F146629.
69. Goe-White notes: Memo re Ziffren and Greene with notes on alien property, 11-5-57.
70. Ridgely Cummings, Government Employee 3 (June 1960).
71. L.A. County Grantor-Grantee Records, Book 26241, pp. 184-207; Book 49977, p. 272; and FBI telex, SAC L.A. to director, 10-15-59.
72. Goe-White notes, 3-29-57.
73. Memo from SAC L.A. to Hoover, 4-22-57, Bazelon file.
74. FBI memo from Rosen to Ladd, 7-14-52, 2, Bazelon file.
75. Memo from SAC WFO to Hoover, 5-24-57, Bazelon file.
76. Confidential int., 5-10-04.
77. Chicago Tribune, 8-5-49.
78. Peterson memo to file, 8-26-58.
79. Ickes letter to Truman, 9-22-49, Truman Library, OF 41-H Official File, WH Central Files.
80. From White's unpublished manuscript "A Benign Machiavelli of the West," quoted in FBI telex from SAC L.A. to director, 10-22-59.
81. FBI telex from SAC L.A. to director, 3-31-60.
Chapter Six
1. From Joan Didion's first collection of nonficrion, Slouching Towards Bethlehem (1968).
2. Korshak-Gioe-Ash: Ash testimony before House of Representatives "Busbey" panel looking into the parole scandal, 80th Cong., 2nd Session, Report No. 2441, hearings September 1947-March 1948. Also, FBI int. of Korshak, 9-27-47, in FBI parole investigation, 9-10-47 (located in FBI Rosselli file); undated FBI int. of Ash; Chicago American, 1947 (various); Chicago Daily Sun, 9-24-47; and Chicago Police Department report of M. P. Scanlon, September 25, 26, 1947.
3. Levy, King of Comedy, 79-83; and Tosches, Dino, 157-59.
4. Sharp, Mr. and Mrs. Hollywood, 17.
5. Kefauver's tax subpoenas on file in Kefauver Committee holdings, Legislative Archives, Library of Congress,
Washington, DC. Especially letter to Snyder, 7-14-50 (Box 21).
6. FBI Chicago report on Korshak and Goldblatts, 11-23-54, report by Howard Carlson.
7. Peterson, Barbarians in Our Midst, 259-62.
8. Collins, Scorpion Tongues, 167.
9. Miller, Fishhait, 350.
10. Fontenay, Estes Kefauver, 343; and Collins, Scorpion Tongues, 168.
11. Collins, Scorpion Tongues, 169.
12. Kupcinet, Kup, 151-52.
13. Baker, Wheeling and Dealing, 48.
14. Int. of Sy Hersh, 5-15-03.
15. Int. of MJ Goldblatt, 6-6-04.
16. Int. of Sandy Smith, 11-11-03.
17. Memo, 1-5-51.
18. Robinson notes in Kefauver Committee files, Box 21; and Korshak to press in Chicago Tribune, 10-27-50.
19. Greenberg testimony to Kefauver, 1-19-51.
20. Other Kefauver sources:
Robert S. Allen, "How Congress Scuttled Kefauver," U.S. Crime 1, no. 1 (12-7-51).
Anderson and Blumenthal, Kefauver Story.
Chicago American, 10-26-50.
Chicago Sun, 10-27-50.
"Estes Kefauver: RIP," National Review, 8-27-63.
Fox, Blood and Power.
Lund berg, Rich and the Super Rich.
Moore, Kefauver Committee.
Moore, "Was Estes Kefauver Blackmailed?"
Joseph Nellis, "Legal Aspects of the Kefauver Investigation," Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology andPolitical
Science, July-August 1951.
Peterson, Barbarians in Our Midst.
W Scott Stewart, "Kefauverism: A Protest," Patterson Papers, Library of Congress, Manuscript Division.
Swados, Standing Up for the People.
Lester Velie, "Rudolph Halley," Collier's, 5-19-51.
21. Confidential int., 1-20-03.
22. Nick Toches, "The Man Who Kept the Secrets," Vanity Fair, April 1997.
23. Int. of Frank Buccieri, 12-4-03.
24. Int. of Don Wolfe, 1-5-05.
25. Chicago Tribune, 8-20-52.
26. Reynolds, Debbie, 203.
27. FBI memo from Don Winne to Edward Joyce, deputy chief, DOJ OC and Racketeering Section, 1-27-70 (#94 430-1833), Korshak file.
28. Bruck, When Hollywood Had a King, 354.
29. Reid, Grim Reapers, 202-4.
30. Albuquerque Journal, 3-9-77, 1.
31. Int. of Richard Brenneman (who supplied his Rittenband notes), 12-2-03.
32. See, among others, Andersen, A Star, Chs. 6-8.
33. Munn, Hollywood Connection, 60-61.
34. Bautzer sources: Unpublished Bautzer biography by Hollywood PR man Henry Rogers (Special Collections, Brigham Young University); Maheu and Hack, Next to Hughes; Los Angeles Magazine, January 1969; HollywoodReporter 54th Anniversary Issue, December 1954; obits in Hollywood Reporter, Los Angeles Herald Examiner, and Los Angeles Times, 10-27-87; Los Angeles Times, 8-12-91; and int. of ex-wives Dana Wynter (Bautzer), 3-17-03, and Niki Dantine Bautzer, 3-17-04.
35. LAPD confidential report re Paul Kalmanovitz, 12-3-66 (in CCC files).
36. Dietrich, Howard, 273.
37. Hughes sources include: Garrison, Howard Hughes in Las Vegas; Maheu and Hack, Next to Hughes; Barlett and Steele, Empire; Hack, Hughes; Brown and Broeske, Untold Story of Howard Hughes; Drosnin, CitizenHughes; Thomas, Howard Hughes in Hollywood.
38. CCC, "Jukebox Report of 1954," 168.
39. RKO sources: Wall Street Journal, 10-16-52, and passim; Time, 10-27-52.
40. Niklas, Corner Table, 26.
41. Moldea, Dark Victory, 105.
42. Chicago Tribune, 1-20-53.
43. Time, 8-30-54, 67-68.
44. Lewis, Mondale, 99-101; and Cohn, Sister Kenny, 239-51.
45. Dietrich, Howard, 281-86; DeMaris, Dirty Business; Miller, Breaking of the President, 350-52.
46. Memo from Ladd to Rosen, 8-12-52, Bazelon File.
47. Chelf memo from Robert Collier, 7-10-52, 82nd-83rd Congress, Judiciary Committee, Subcommittee to Investigate Justice Department, Case Files, Series B, Bazelon File, Box 53, Congressional Legislative Archives, Library of Congress.
48. Chelf memo, Bob Lee to Mr. Collier, 1-2-53.
49. Chelf memo, Nulty to Mitchell, 7-11-52.
50. Chelf memo, Mitchell to Collier, 8-6-52.
51. Chelf memo, Bob Lee to Mr. Collier, 1-2-53.
52. Chelf memo on David Bazelon, from TC Link, 3-31-52.
53. Chelf Committee, letter from Frank Chelf to secretary of treasury, 5-29-52; memo from Robert Collier to Thomas Connor, 7-21-52; and Chelf memo to file from "JCW," 4-8-52.
54. Mollenhoff, Tentacles of Power, 6.
55. Letter from AG to Hoover, 8-8-52, Bazelon File".
56. Memo from Evans to Rosen, 5-13-57, Bazelon File.
57. Searches were conducted for the author over many months by senior archivists Fred Romanski, Steven Tilley, and Martha Wagner Murphy.
58. Memo from Sorenson to JFK, 11-22-62.
59. Sources for Bazelon biography include: bazelon.org, Chicago Tribune, 2-23-93; McDougal, Last Mogul, 141; University of Pennsylvania Law School, Biddle Library, Bazelon Papers; Demaris, Captive City, 222-23, 225; Moldea, Dark Victory, 324; New York Times, 2-21-93; Peters and Branch, Blowing the Whistle, 26; Powell, Covert Cadre, 51; Schrag, Mind Control, 103-5, 237-38; Bradlee, Good Life, 418; Kilian and Sawislak, WhoRuns Washington? 46; the 561-page FBI Bazelon File; and the over one thousand pages of Goe-White real estate records, some of which are in the Chicago Crime Commission files, and others in private holdings.
60. Velie, Reader's Digest, July 1960, 115.
61. Demaris, Captive City, 225.
62. CCC memos, 4-15-58, 6-6-62; and New York Times, 4-13-54.
63. LAPD officer's memo, "Hayward Hotel," 10-17-50.
64. Letter from James Hamilton to Virgil Peterson, 10-18-50.
65. Hamilton letter to Peterson, 11-26-56.
66. LAPD Hamilton internal memo, 2-2-54.
67. "Shattered Dynasty," Vanity Fair, May 2003; Knut Royce, Kansas City Times, March 8-10-82; and "Hyatt's Kingdom of Rooms," New York Times, 8-29-76.
68. Corbitt and Giancana, Double Deal, 216.
69. Int. of Mike Corbitt, 3-19-03.
70. Lynch letter to Peterson, 7-13-54.
71. Los Angeles Mirror, 4-30-54; Los Angeles Herald, 4-30-54; San Diego Evening Tribune, 5-1-54; and L05 AngelesTimes, 5-1-54.
72. Chicago Tribune, 9-4-54.
73. Ibid.
74. L.A. County Grantor-Grantee Records, Book 49977, p. 272.
75. Kate Berry, "City National," Los Angeles Business Journal, 5-12-03.
76. FBI report, 9-17-63.
77. Letter from Robert Goe to Virgil Peterson, 1-16-59.
78. CNB corporate history from its Web site, www.cnb.com.
79. Int. of David Nissen, 9-4-04.
80. Int. of Jack Clarke, 1-31-04.
81. Int. of Connie Carlson, 10-20-04.
82. FBI memo from Don Winne to Edward Joyce, deputy chief, DOJ OC and Racketeering Section, 1-27-70 (#94 430-1833), Korshak File.
83. Int. of Ed Becker, 10-11-04.
84. Int. of George Schlatter, 1-20-04.
85. Exner, My Story, 50-51.
86. Int. of Milt Ebbins, 1-17-05.
87. Int. of Virginia Korshak, 1-20-04.
88. Int. of Selene Walters, 3-2-05.
89. FBI memo from G. H. Scatterday to Rosen, 10-4-61.
90. Virgil Peterson, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 347 (May 1963): 33.
91. Quoted in Murray, Legacy of Al Capone, 36.
92. Chicago Tribune, 12-10-55.
93. Greenberg sources:
Chicago Daily Tribune, December 9-13, 1955.
Death notice, 12-11-1955 {Tribune).
Demaris, Captive City, 222-25.
McDougal, Last Mogul, 36-38.
Murray, Legacy of Al Capone, eh 2.
Nitti v. Greenberg, Superior Court of Cook County, 2-14-57, case #57S-2335. The estate was probated in Probate Court of Cook County, file #43P-5267, docket 561.
94. FBI memo, Gale to De Loach, 10-20-66.
95. FBI report, Chicago, 7-21-54.
96. FBI report, Chicago, 11 -28-54.
97. FBI airtel, SAC Las Vegas to director, 4-18-63.
98. FBI HQ Ziffren file; and memo from SAC LA, 4-30-58, 3.
99. Noted in Los Angeles Times, 5-25-56.
100. Chicago Tribune, 5-31 -56.
101. Chicago Tribune, 8-20-52.
C h a p t e r Seven
1. Evans, Kid Stays, 69.
2. Int. of Tom Mankiewicz, 4-4-03.
3. Int. of George Jacobs, 2-4-04.
4. Confidential int., 7-1-05.
5. Int. of George Schlatter, 1-20-04.
6. Confidential int., 1-30-03.
7. Nick Tosches, "The Man Who Kept the Secrets," Vanity Fair, April 1997.
8. Kelley, His Way, 243.
9. Kupcinet, Kup, 63-64.
10. Messick, Secret File, 346.
11. Messick, Lansky, 196.
12. Stanley Pen, Wall Street Journal, 2-4-70.
13. Int. of Dr. Lewis Yablonsky, 6-22-04.
14. Int. of Leo Geffner, 3-18-05.
15. Douglas, Ragman s Son, 404.
16. Yablonsky, George Raft, preface.
v 17. Int. of Fred Sidewater, 10-31-03.
18. Yablonsky, George Raft, 208.
19. Los Angeles Herald Examiner, 11 -29-80.
20. Int. of Betsy Duncan Hammes, 1-4-03.
21. Int. of Jan Amory, 3-5-03.
22. Confidential int., 1-14-05.
23. New York Times, 1-22-96 (Korshak obit).
24. Haygood, In Black and White, 222.
25. Fishgall, Gonna Do Great Things, 109-18.
26. Haygood, In Black and White, 261.
27. Ibid., 259-67.
28. Early, Sammy Davis Jr. Reader, 109 (quoting Kim Novak: Reluctant Goddess by Peter Harry Brown).
29. Int. of Dana Wynter, 3-17-03.
30. Early, Sammy Davis Jr. Reader, 109 (quoting Brown, Kim Novak).
31. Silber, Sammy Davis Jr., 200.
32. Int. of George Jacobs, 2-4-04.
33. Silber, Sammy Davis Jr., 195-203; and int. of Arthur Silber, 10-19-04.
34. Haygood, In Black and White, 270.
35. Robert Lusetich, "U.S. Lawyer Walked Mob Minefield," Australian, 2-16-96.
36. Int. of A. O. Richards, 4-29-03.
37. Int. of Mike Wacks, 4-22-03.
38. Bruck, When Hollywood Had a King, 171.
39. Int. of John Van DeKamp, 3-31 -04.
40. McDougal, Last Mogul, 328-29.
41. Bruck, When Hollywood Had a King, 62.
42. Int. of Berle Adams, 2-2-03.
43. Ibid., 172.
44. Int. of John Van DeKamp, 3-31-04.
45. Bruck, When Hollywood Had a King, 356.
46. Biskind, Easy Riders, 142.
47. Evans, Kid Stays, 67-68.
48. Ibid., 69-70.
49. New West, 9-13-76.
C h a p t e r Eight
1. Hoffa biography sources:
Brill, Teamsters.
Franco, Hoffa's Man.
Friedman and Schwartz, Power and Greed.
Hoffa, Hoffa.
Hoffa, Trials of Jimmy Hoffa.
"Jimmy Hoffa," World of Criminal
Justice, 2 vols (Gale Group, 2002), reproduced in Biography Resource Center.
Moldea, Hoffa Wars.
Schlesinger, Robert Kennedy.
Sheridan, Fall and Rise of Jimmy Hoffa.
Sloane, Hoffa.
Zeller, Devil's Pact.
2. Int. of Tom Zander, 12-8-03.
3. Quoted in Moldea, Dark Victory, 116.
4. Bruck, When Hollywood Had a King, 166.
5. Ibid., 359.
6. Int. of Anderson, 11-6-03.
7. Bruck, When Hollywood Had a King, 171.
8. Hersh, New York Times, 6-28-76.