Second Law of Thermodynamics: States that everything naturally tends toward entropy (qv). It is for this reason that the creation of information, or meaning, is seen as requiring effort.
Shadow: In Jungian terminology, the repressed and unconscious part of the personality which has to be recognized and integrated by the conscious mind in the process of individuation (qv). More broadly, the shadow is the undeveloped side of any natural pair of character traits. Men typically have a feminine shadow ("anima") and a women a masculine one ("animus"); sadists also possess a streak of masochism; very serious persons have an unexpressed frivolous side, and so on.
Solve et coagula: Literally, dissolve and coagulate, a phrase summarizing the essence of the alchemical process. This involves reduction to the 'prima materia' (qv) and then gradual fixation into a new pattern.
Steady state: Homeostasis (qv). The term is also used to refer to any type of nonprofit-oriented economy (e.g., feudalism) that does not expand over time, but only seeks to maintain itself.
Tacit knowing: Subliminal awareness and comprehension of information, especially information about the particular paradigm (qv) into which a given person is born. This operates on a gestalt and unconscious level, and consists of the ethos (qv) of a culture as well as the eidos. The concept of tacit knowing presupposes that any articulated world view is the result of unconscious factors that are culturally as well as biologically filtered and influenced. See also Gestalt, Principle of incompleteness, Figuration, Analogue knowledge.
Teleological: Pertaining to purpose, or goal. Aristotelian physics is termed teleological because it argues that objects fall to earth because they seek it as their natural place.
Teratology: Study of monstrosities, or abnormal formations in the animal and plant kingdoms.
Theory of Logical types: As formulated by Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell, this theory states that no class of objects, as defined in logic or mathematics, can be a member of itself. As a logical construct, for example, we can form a class consisting of all the elephants that exist in the world. The theory states that this construct is not itself an elephant; it has no trunk, and eats no hay. The essential point of the theory is that there is a fundamental discontinuity between a class and its members.
Transcendence: see Immanence.
Trans-contextual: The characteristic of seeing things or situations as having a symbolic as well as a literal dimension. Madness, humor, art, and poetry are all trans-contextual in nature, operating on the level of metaphor or "double take."
Transform: In cybernetic theory, a change in the structure or composition of information without any corresponding alteration in meaning. Cf. Coding.
Index
Accademia del Disegno, 49
Achebe, Chinua, 84
Achinstein, Peter, 133, 323
Addiction 166, 242-43;
and acclimation, 260-63.
See also Alcoholism; Drug use
Agricola, Georg, 43, 95-97, 318
Agrippa von Nettesheim, 63, 67, 94, 313
Alchemical world view.
See Hermetic tradition
Alchemy, 61-105, 314-19, 321;
and G. Bateson, 272-76;
and color, 74;
and Newton, 112-16;
soteriological, 98-99, 104, 113-14;
symbolism in, 68-75, 96-97;
and technology, 90, 95-96
Alcoholics Anonymous, 238-41, 243, 276, 292-93
Alcoholism, 7, 166, 292-93, 306, 334
Alembic, 76, 351
Alpha-thinking, 133-35, 323
Analogue knowledge, 216, 230-31, 249-54, 270, 341, 351
Animism, 58-59, 62-63, 83, 117, 138, 316, 351
Archaic tradition, 61-68, 271, 275, 351-52;
and schizophrenia, 123-25, 273.
See also Hermetic tradition
Archimedes, 50
Ariès, Philippe, 159-61, 330-31;
Centuries of Childhood, 159
Aristotelian logic, 15, 38, 137-38, 236, 308
Aristotelian physics, 25, 51-54
Aristotle, 13, 61-62
Astrology, 87, 94-95
Atomism, 21, 29-30, 34, 319, 352
Bacon, Francis, 14-18, 94, 96;
New Organon, 14, 15
Bacon, Roger, 37
Baconianism, 16-18
Balinese culture, 159, 209-11, 257, 330, 339
Balkanization, 281, 297
Ballistics, 50-52
Barfield, Owen, 128, 132-34, 139, 313;
Saving the Appearances, 128
Barrett, William, 156, 173;
Ego and Instinct, 156
Bateson, Gregory, 140-41, 187, 190-91, 195-96, 332, 336, 339, 345;
and aesthetics, 272-76;
and alchemy, 272-76;
and alcoholism, 238-41;
Balinese studies of, 209-11;
and cybernetic theory, 237-49, 256, 275;
Iatmul studies of, 197-209;
and learning theory, 211-22;
and schizophrenia, 220-33, 273;
See also Batesonian holism:
Double bind;
Incompleteness, principle of;
Learning I;
Learning II;
Learning III;
Metacommunication
works of:
Mind and Nature: A Necessary Unity, 197;
Naven, 196;
Steps to an Ecology of Mind, 187, 235.
Bateson, William, 191-96, 230, 248, 283-84, 356-37.
See also Meristic differentiation
Batesonian holism, 235-65, 273, 283-304;
and Cartesian world view, 236-37
Behavioral psychology, 163, 212-14, 215;
and schizophrenia, 273
Benedetti, Giovanni, 49
Benedict, Ruth, 200, 208
Berg, Peter, 298-99, 344
Biringuccio, Vannocio, 4,3, 95, 97, 318
Blake, William, 122-23, 147;
"Newton," 122
Bly, Robert, 147, 184-86, 302;
"I Came Out of the Mother Naked," 184-85
Boehme, Jacob, 73, 115
Brown, Norman O., 142, 166, 320
Cabala, 87, 90-94
Capital accumulation, 37-38, 44, 46, 104, 114-15
Capitalism, 46;
and ego development, 152-53
Cartesian logic, 18-24, 325, 335, 352;
and Freud, 167;
and Polanyi, 147-48;
and quantum mechanics, 137-38, 141;
and schizophrenia, 22-23, 34, 273.
See also Descartes, René
Cartesian physics, 102
Castaneda, Carlos, 84, 300, 316, 334
Character armor, 119-22, 168-70, 322, 331-32
Child development, 150-54, 158-64, 173-74, 329-31
Chromosome theory, 192-94, 337
Chromo-therapy, 183, 336
Circuitry, 194, 256-57, 258, 275, 352.
See also Cybernetics
Coding, 212, 352
Cognitive dissonance, 130
Color, 181-83, 335-36, 342;
and alchemy, 74;
and Edwin Land, 181-82;
and Newton, 32-33
Copernicus, Nikolaus, 43
Crafts, 42, 47, 77-78, 311;
and alchemy, 95
Croll, Oswald, 62-63
Cultism, 293-95, 347
Cybernetics, 194, 197, 238-48, 256-57, 275, 285-90, 344, 352
Dali, Salvador, 86, 185;
The Persistence of Memory, 89
Darwinian theory, 191, 197, 258, 337
Dasmann, Raymond, 298-99
De Occulta Philosophia,
See Agrippa von Nettesheim
De Re Metallica,
See Agricola, Georg
Dee, John, 94, 318
Della Porta, 62, 94
Delmedigo, Joseph Solomon, 93, 317
Descartes, René, 11, 14-15, 18-24, 71, 102, 307, 335;
works of:
Discourse on Method, 14, 18;
Principles of Philosophy, 21, 102
Deutero-learning.
See Learning II
Developmentals, 157, 173-76, 352
Dialectical reason, 352
Digital knowledge, 216, 254, 270,352.
See also Analogue knowledge
Discourse on Method,
See Descartes, René
Diversity, ethics, of, 263-65
Don Quixote (Cervantes), 64, 313
Double bind, 220, 222-24, 226-50, 274
Dreams, 314, 339;
and Descartes, 23-24;
and Jung, 68-73, 148;
and Wilhelm Reich, 171
Drug use, 7-8, 166, 306, 344
Eckhart, Meister, 78
Ecology, 143, 189, 278-79, 289-90, 298-99, 348
Economy:
Commercial Revolution, 38, 42-44;
England,
17th century, 113;
feudal, 40-41; 47, 310;
planetary, 279;
Renaissance, 42-48.
See also Capital accumulation
Ego:
consciousness of, 155;
crystallization of, 151, 156-58, 164, 328;
development of, 151-58, 164, 174, 328;
knowledge of, 140;
psychology of, 328
Eidos, 201-2, 338, 353
Einsteinian physics, 136
Eliade, Mircea, 45, 78, 334
Elim (J.S. Delmedigo), 93, 317
Eliot, T. S., 74
Eluard, Paul, 147
English Civil War, 86, 113-14
English Restoration, 114-15
Enthusiasm, 113-15;
attack on, 122-23
Entropy.
See Second Law of Thermodynamics
Epimenides' Paradox, 217-18, 327
Escher, M.C.:
Three Worlds, 259
est, 293-94, 300;
Werner Erhard and, 293-94, 295
Ethos, 201-2, 338, 353
Fact-value distinction, 28, 187-88, 213-14, 233, 319
False-self system, 6, 22.
Fascism,
and the occult, 294-97, 347, 348
Feedback, 241-43, 247, 353
Ferenczi, Sŕndor, 128, 141, 175
Ficino, Marsilio, 94-95, 318
Figuration, 129-30, 132-34, 353
First Law of Thermodynamics, 263
Fludd, Robert, 91, 92-93, 101-2, 318, 319
Foucault, Michel, 64, 152, 174-75, 311, 313
Frankfurt School of Social Research, 305, 312
French Academy of Sciences, 103
Freud, Sigmund, 141-42, 150-52, 167, 256, 328
Galilei, Galileo, 24-29, 33, 48-55, 307;
New Science, 49;
Two New Sciences, 51, 311
Galileo (Brecht), 28
Gassendi, Pierre, 101-3
Genetics, 191, 192-93, 337
Gestalt, 54, 129-30, 353
Giorgio, Francesco, 90
Gnosticism, 58, 312
Gödel, Kurt, 145
Gravity, 25-27, 30-33, 143
Guilds, 42;
and alchemy, 95
Guruism, 291-93, 348
Haley, Jay, 221-22
Hanson, Norwood Russell, 129
Heisenberg, Werner, 137, 325
Helvetius, 81
Hermetic tradition, 61-67, 87, 99-103, 114, 116-17, 128, 189, 272, 316, 319;
and Newton, 108-10, 112;
and Protestantism, 103-5;
and schizophrenia, 124, 273
Hill, Christopher, 105, 113, 123, 276, 303;
The World Turned Upside Down, 276, 317, 320, 322
Holt, Luther Emmett, Sr., 162
Homeorhesis, 287
Homeostasis, 195, 256-58, 287-88, 353-34
Homeric tradition, 59-60, 312
Iatmul culture, 197-208, 338
Iconic communication, 249-51, 354
Iliad (Homer), 59
Immanence, 354
Incompleteness, principle of, 250-52, 256-57, 355
Individuation, 67-68, 258, 354
Industrial Revolution, 10, 34, 189
Inquisition, 100
Jaynes, Julian, 296, 302, 312, 348-49
Jimenez, Luis, Jr.,
The American Dream, 165
Judaism, 58-59, 312
Jung, Carl, 76-77, 256;
and dreams, 67-73, 148;
Individual Dream Symbolism in Relation to Alchemy, 73-74.
See also Shadow, Jungian concept of
Kant, Immanuel, 142, 295, 322
Keynes, John Maynard, 108
Kinesics, 251, 354
Kraepelin, E., 222-26
Kuhn, T. S., 177
Lacan, Jacques, 301
Laing, R.D., 5-7, 22, 75-76, 80-81, 124, 222-24, 231, 339, 340;
The Divided Self, 76, 124, 222-24;
The Politics of Experience, 75
Land, Edwin, 181-82
Langer, Susanne, 149, 179, 323
Language acquisition, 130, 156-57, 252-53, 288, 329-30
Lapis-Christ parallel, 98, 99, 354
Laplace, Pierre Simon de, 136-37
Learning I, 213, 354
Learning II, 213-15, 229-30, 261, 291, 354
Learning III, 214, 230, 261, 275-76, 288, 290-97, 300, 354
Learning process, 131-34;
in Bateson, 211-17;
in Polanyi, 175-77
Lévi-Strauss, Claude, 185, 260, 264, 270
Liar's Paradox.
See Epimenides' Paradox
Madness,
See Schizophrenia
Magritte, René, 86, 317;
The Explanation, 88
Mahler, Margaret, 151, 153, 157
Maier, Michael, 74, 100
Mannheim, Karl, 145, 328
Mannheim's Paradox
See Epimenides' Paradox
Marcuse, Herbert, 3-4, 210, 305
Materialism, 57, 167, 307
Maxwell, James Clerk, 191, 194
Maxima, ethics of, 256, 263-64
McCulloch, Warren, 287
Mead, Margaret, 157, 164, 196;
See also Bateson, Gregory: Balinese studies of
Mechanism, 3, 102-5, 114- 17, 319;
and alchemy, 85-87;
and Descartes, 20-23;
and Freud, 167
Medieval world view, 38, 39
Meditations on First Philosophy
See Descartes, René
Merchant, Carolyn, 289, 319, 346
Meristic differentiation, 193, 346
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, 155, 329
Mersenne, Marin, 101-3, 309, 319
Metacommunication, 218-20, 221-24, 227, 340, 345, 354
Metallurgy, 77-80, 95, 316, 318
Metamerism, 193-94, 354-55
Mimesis, 61, 131, 134, 167, 172-73, 335, 355
Mind
See Batesonian holism
Mind and Nature: A Necessary Unity
See Bateson, Gregory: works of
Mirandola, Pico della, 90
Modal personality, 168
Monotheism, 58-59
Montagu, Ashley, 159, 162, 164, 330
Montmor Academy, 103
Morphogenesis, 288
Natura vexata, 14, 17, 173, 290
Naven, 197-208, 338
Needham, Joseph, 138
Neumann, Erich, 150, 153, 166;
The Child, 328
New Organon
See Bacon, Francis
Newton, Isaac, 28-33, 86, 107-23, 169, 193, 316-17, 320;
and alchemy, 112-16;
and aura catena, 109;
and character armor, 119-22;
and enthusiasm, 115-17;
experiments on color of, 32-33;
and Hermetic tradition, 108-10, 112;
portraits of, 118-21;
works of:
Opticks, 32-33, 108;
Principia, 30, 107, 108, 110, 116, 308.
See also Physics: Newtonian
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 146, 264;
The Birth of Tragedy, 146
Nonverbal communication, 216-20, 335
Numerology, 90-93
Odyssey (Homer), 59
Opticks
See Newton, Isaac
Optima, ethics of, 256, 263
Original participation, 83-84
Ourobouros, 68, 74
Palmistry, 63
Parapsychology, 343
Parsons, Talcott, 133
Participant observation, 141-43
Pascal, Blaise, 40, 192
Pavlov, Ivan, 212-13
Perry, John, 81
Personal knowledge, 128, 175
Philosopher's stone, 67
Physics:
Aristotelian, 25, 51-54;
classical, 156;
Einsteinian, 136;
Newtonian, 31-33, 115-16;
quantum, 128, 136-41, 323-24
Piaget, Jean, 151, 307
Pirotechnia
See Biringuccio, Vannocio
Pirsig, Robert, 312
Planetary culture, 277-88, 298-302, 542
Plato, 13, 59-61, 284, 312, 327;
Timaeus, 13-14
Polanyi, Michael, 128-32, 138, 147-48, 175-77
Positivism, 32-33, 101, 102, 309
"prima materia" (also "materia prima"), 79, 355
Primary process, 150-52, 155, 167-72, 177, 219, 355
Primitive cultures, 135, 159, 164.
See also Balinese culture; Iatmul culture
Principia
See Newton, Isaac: works of
Principia Mathematica (Russell and Whitehead), 216
Principles of Philosophy,
See Descartes, René
Projectile motion, 51-54, 143
Protestantism, 97, 99-101, 104-5
Proto-learning.
See Learning I
Psychosis.
See Schizophrenia
Ptolemaic universe, 93;
according to Robert Fludd, 91
Puritanism, 104-5, 113-14, 116-18
Quantum mechanics, 128, 136-41, 323-24
Quarks, 325
The Reenchantment of the World Page 42