A History of the World

by Andrew Marr

  Copernicus, Nicolaus ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  Corday, Charlotte ref 1, ref 2

  Córdoba ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Corinth ref 1

  Corn Laws ref 1

  Cortés, Hernando ref 1, ref 2

  Cossacks ref 1

  Counter-Reformation ref 1

  Courthope, Nathaniel ref 1

  cowpox ref 1

  Crassus ref 1, ref 2

  Crete ref 1

  Crimean War ref 1

  Cripps, Stafford ref 1

  Crispus ref 1

  Critias ref 1

  Cro-Magnons ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Croesus, king of Lydia ref 1, ref 2

  Cromwell, Oliver ref 1

  crossbows ref 1

  Crusades/Crusaders ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Fourth (1202–4) ref 1

  Cuba ref 1

  Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) ref 1

  Culloden Moor, battle of (1746) ref 1, ref 2

  Cultural Revolution (China) ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Custer, General George ref 1

  customs unions ref 1

  Cyprus ref 1

  Cyrus, King ref 1, ref 2

  Czechoslovakia ref 1

  and Prague Spring (1968) ref 1

  Da Yu (‘Great Yu’) ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  daimyo ref 1, ref 2

  Damascus ref 1, ref 2

  Dandolo, Enrico ref 1

  Daniel, Book of ref 1

  Danton, Georges ref 1

  Daoguang, Emperor ref 1

  Daoism ref 1

  Darby, Abraham ref 1

  Darius III, King ref 1

  Darius, King ref 1

  Darwin, Charles ref 1

  Darwin, Erasmus ref 1

  David, Jacques-Louis ref 1

  Davis, Jefferson ref 1

  Davy, Humphry ref 1

  Dawkins, Richard ref 1

  days of the week, naming of ref 1

  de Gaulle, General ref 1

  death rate ref 1

  Decembrists ref 1

  Declaration of Emancipation (US) ref 1, ref 2

  decolonization ref 1

  Deep Blue computer ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Deep Thought computer ref 1

  deforestation ref 1

  Deir el-Medina ref 1

  Delian League ref 1

  demes ref 1

  democracy ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  Athenian ref 1, ref 2

  as a culture ref 1

  expansion in twentieth century ref 1

  relationship between prosperity and ref 1

  Deng Pufang ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Deng Xiaoping ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Denisovans ref 1

  Denmark–Norway ref 1

  Dessalines, Jean-Jacques ref 1

  détente ref 1, ref 2

  dhamma ref 1

  Diamond, Jared ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Dickens, Charles ref 1

  dictatorships ref 1

  Dido of Tyre (Elissa) ref 1

  Diesel, Rudolf ref 1

  Diggers ref 1

  Diocletian ref 1

  Dionysus ref 1

  Djenne ref 1

  Djerassi, Carl ref 1

  DNA ref 1

  dogs, early domestication of ref 1

  Dorians ref 1, ref 2

  Dowden, Richard ref 1

  Drake, Francis ref 1

  drama, Athenian ref 1

  Dreyfus affair ref 1

  Dutch see Netherlands

  Dutch East India Company ref 1

  Dyer, General Reginald ref 1

  Earth

  early history ref 1

  moving around the Sun discovery ref 1, ref 2

  East India Company ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7

  Eastern Europe ref 1, ref 2

  impact of Black Death on ref 1

  and second serfdom ref 1

  Eaton, William ref 1

  economic crisis (2010–12) ref 1

  Edict of Toleration (313) ref 1

  Edison, Thomas ref 1

  Edo ( Japan) ref 1

  Egypt, ancient ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  and Alexandria ref 1

  art ref 1

  and Cleopatra ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  conquest of by Arabs (642) ref 1

  craftsmen ref 1

  culture ref 1

  monuments and temples ref 1

  and Nile ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Ptolemaic ref 1, ref 2

  self-sufficiency of ref 1

  Upper and Lower ref 1

  village life ref 1

  Egypt (modern) ref 1, ref 2

  Einstein, Albert ref 1

  Eisenhower, Ike ref 1

  El Cid ref 1

  El (god) 632

  El Niño (500) ref 1

  Elamites ref 1

  Elizabeth I, Queen ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Ellis, Havelock ref 1

  Emancipation Proclamation (US) ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  enclosures ref 1

  energy, alternative forms ref 1

  Engels, Friedrich ref 1

  England see Britain

  English Civil War ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Enlightenment ref 1, ref 2

  environment ref 1

  Eratosthenes ref 1

  Eridu ref 1, ref 2

  Erlitou ref 1

  Ethical Cultural Society ref 1

  Ethiopia ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Etruscans ref 1

  Euclid ref 1, ref 2

  eunuchs ref 1

  Euphrates river ref 1

  Eurasia ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7

  Euripides ref 1

  euro ref 1

  Europe ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  comparison with India ref 1

  enmities and rivalries within ref 1

  impact of Black Death ref 1

  and imperialism ref 1

  isolation of early ref 1

  and Peasant Rebellion (1524–5) ref 1

  secrets of later success ref 1

  tribal migrations ref 1

  see also individual countries

  European Economic Community (EEC) ref 1

  European Iron and Steel Community ref 1

  European Union ref 1, ref 2

  Eusebius ref 1, ref 2

  Evans, Sir Arthur ref 1

  Eve, Mitochondrial ref 1

  exploration/explorers ref 1

  factories ref 1

  Factory Acts ref 1

  Fagan, Brian ref 1, ref 2

  Faiyum mummy portraits ref 1

  famines ref 1

  Faraday, Michael ref 1

  farming see agriculture

  Fascism ref 1, ref 2

  Fatehpur Sikri ref 1

  Fausta ref 1

  Fenby, Jonathan ref 1

  Feng-Hsiung Hsu ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Ferdinand and Isabella ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  Fertile Crescent ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  fertilizers ref 1, ref 2

  feudal system ref 1

  Figes, Orlando ref 1

  First World War (1914–18) ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6

  causes ref 1

  German U-boat campaign ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  and Russia ref 1, ref 2

  ‘Zimmerman telegram’ and US entry into ref 1

  Five Pecks of Rice movement ref 1

  Flannery, Tim ref 1

  Flood ref 1

  floods/flooding ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6

  Florence ref 1

  Ford, Henry ref 1

  Fordism ref 1

  Four Hundred ref 1

  Fourth Crusade (1202–4) ref 1

  France ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  alliance with Habsburgs ref 1

  and American War of Independence ref 1, ref 2

  aristocracy ref 1

  and Bourbons ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Code Napoléon ref 1

  col
onization of Africa ref 1

  Fronde ref 1, ref 2

  and Haitian Revolution ref 1

  and Napoleon ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6

  post-Napoleonic monarchy ref 1

  Second Republic ref 1

  and Second World War ref 1, ref 2

  Franco, General Francisco ref 1, ref 2

  François I, King of France ref 1

  Franklin, Benjamin ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Franks ref 1

  Frederick I, King of Prussia ref 1

  Frederick II, the Great ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Frederick William, King of Prussia ref 1

  French Revolution ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  and Declaration of the Rights of Man ref 1

  execution of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette ref 1

  and Haitian Revolution ref 1

  impact and legacy of ref 1, ref 2

  and Marat ref 1

  reforms ref 1

  starting of ref 1

  storming of Bastille ref 1

  the Terror ref 1

  French wars of religion ref 1, ref 2

  Friedrich the Wise ref 1

  Fronde ref 1, ref 2

  Fukuyama, Francis

  The End of History and the Last Man ref 1

  Fulani ref 1

  fur trade (Russia) ref 1

  Gaddis, Jon Lewis ref 1

  Gagarin, Yuri ref 1

  Galata ref 1

  Galileo ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  Gan Ying ref 1

  Gandhi, Mohandas ref 1, ref 2

  Gang of Four ref 1, ref 2

  gas-lighting ref 1

  Gaskell, Elizabeth ref 1

  Gaugamela, battle of ref 1

  Gauls ref 1, ref 2

  Genghis Khan ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  Genoa ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  geo-engineering ref 1

  geometry ref 1

  George III, King ref 1

  Georgia ref 1

  Georgiev, Kimon ref 1

  Gere, Cathy ref 1

  Germany ref 1, ref 2

  and Berlin Blockade ref 1

  and bureaucracy ref 1

  colonization of Africa ref 1, ref 2

  fall of Berlin Wall ref 1

  and First World War ref 1, ref 2

  and imperialism ref 1, ref 2

  and industrialization ref 1, ref 2

  inventiveness ref 1

  in Luther’s time ref 1

  patent system ref 1

  Peasant Rebellion (1524–5) ref 1

  railways ref 1

  reunification (1990) ref 1

  and Second World War ref 1

  see also Nazis

  Ghana ref 1

  al-Ghazali ref 1, ref 2

  Gibbon, Edward ref 1, ref 2

  The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire ref 1

  Gilgamesh, King ref 1

  Gilliéron, Émille ref 1

  glasnost ref 1

  global warming ref 1

  Glorious Revolution (1688) ref 1

  God Worshippers ref 1

  gods ref 1, ref 2

  Egyptian ref 1

  India ref 1

  and Mesopotamian cities ref 1

  Goebells, Josef ref 1, ref 2

  Goering, Hermann ref 1

  Golkonda mine (India) ref 1

  Gorbachev, Mikhail ref 1, ref 2

  Goths ref 1

  Granada ref 1

  Grant, General Ulysses ref 1, ref 2

  Great Crash (1929) ref 1, ref 2

  Great Leap Forward (China) ref 1, ref 2

  Great Reform Act (1832) ref 1

  Great Wall of China ref 1, ref 2

  Greece, ancient ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  and Alexander the Great see Alexander the Great

  alphabet ref 1

  city-states (polis) ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  conflict with Mauryans ref 1

  conflict with Romans ref 1

  disaster causing collapse of first civilization ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  fall of ref 1, ref 2

  fighting methods ref 1

  Hellenistic culture ref 1, ref 2

  and Indians ref 1

  Jewish revolt against Seleucid ref 1

  Mycenaean ref 1

  navy ref 1

  Olympic Games ref 1

  and religion ref 1

  war against Persians ref 1

  war against Romans ref 1, ref 2

  war elephants ref 1

  see also Athens/Athenians; Sparta/Spartans

  Greece (modern) ref 1, ref 2

  ‘Greek fire’ ref 1

  Gregory X, Pope ref 1

  Grossman, Vasily

  Everything Flows ref 1

  Guantanamo Bay (Cuba) ref 1

  Guatemala ref 1

  guilds ref 1

  Italian ref 1

  Guillotin, Dr Joseph-Ignace ref 1, ref 2

  guillotine ref 1

  Gulf War ref 1

  Gun ref 1

  gunpowder ref 1

  Gupta dynasty ref 1, ref 2

  Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden ref 1

  Gutenberg, Johannes ref 1

  Haber, Fritz ref 1, ref 2

  Habsburgs ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5

  Hadrian, Emperor ref 1

  Hagia Sophia ref 1, ref 2

  Haiti (Saint-Domingue) ref 1

  Haitian Revolution ref 1, ref 2

  al-Hakam II ref 1

  Halliday, Jon ref 1, ref 2

  Hamilcar ref 1

  Han dynasty ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4

  Hannibal ref 1, ref 2, ref 3

  Hanno the Carthaginian ref 1

  Hanseatic League ref 1, ref 2

  Harrison, John ref 1

  Hastings, Max ref 1, ref 2

  Hastings, Warren ref 1

  Hatshepsut, Queen ref 1

  Hattusa ref 1

  Hausa ref 1

  Havel, Vaclav ref 1

  Hawaii ref 1