by Nancy Gibbs
Oregon, 215
Ortega, Daniel, 400, 402–4
Oslo Accords, 436
Oswald, Lee Harvey, 155, 156
Oval Office, 162–63
Palestine Liberation Organization, 349, 436, 486
Palestinians, 399, 486
Panama, 480, 484
Carter’s overseeing of elections in, 11, 400–402
Panama Canal, 320, 330
pardons, 512
Paris peace talks, 230, 236–49, 266, 271, 284–85, 289
Parks, Rosa, 294
Peale, Norman Vincent, 254–55
Pearl Harbor, 21, 53
Pearson, Lester, 180
Pentagon Papers, 259, 270–78
PepsiCo, 154, 268
Percy, Chuck, 217, 342
Perlstein, Rick, 225
Perón, Eva, 36
Perón, Juan, 36–37
Perot, Ross, 426
Perry, Herman, 195
Persons, Wilton, 120–21
Pierce, Franklin, 1
Pius XII, Pope, 36, 95
Plain Speaking (Miller), 85–86
Pleiku, South Vietnam, 173–74
Plumbers, 278
Podesta, John, 7, 513
Points of Light, 464, 502, 515
Poland, 21, 35
Polaris, 123
Polk, James K., 261
Poneman, Dan, 437
Potsdam Conference, 28, 40, 61, 104
Powell, Colin, 423, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447
Powell, Jody, 342
Practical Bonsai for Beginners, 267
Presidential Power (Neustadt), 115
presidential salary, as taxable, 42–43
presidents, historian’s polls on, 152–53
President’s Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities, 141
President’s Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board (PFIAB), 141
Price, Don, 44
Priscilla of Boston, 254
Punch, 35
Quemoy, 97
Rabin, Yitzhak, 425, 427, 436
Rancho Mirage peace talks, 330
RAND Corporation, 273
Rayburn, Sam, 9, 44–45, 59, 99–100, 163–64, 294
Reader’s Digest, 350
Reagan, Moon, 322
Reagan, Nancy, 197, 205, 216, 324, 325, 341, 368, 459
Reagan, Ronald, 3, 267, 338, 380, 409, 411, 417, 463, 479, 488
abolition of nuclear weapons proposed by, 362
as accused of anti-Semitism, 203–4
Alzheimer’s of, 426, 450
“Business, Ballots and Bureaus” speech of, 195–96
in California election of 1966, 200–206
Carter criticized by, 399
charm of, 191, 194–95
Clinton and, 410, 413–14
Clinton taught to salute by, 414–15
as considered as Nixon’s vice president, 217–19
death of, 470
deficit deal of, 522
Ford offered vice presidency nomination by, 330–36
Ford’s consideration as vice-presidential candidate for, 321–24
Ford’s offering of cabinet spot to, 319
Ford’s relationship with, 5
Gorbachev as viewed by, 358–58
Gorbachev’s meeting with, 359, 385
in Iran-contra scandal, 357–58, 366, 368, 452
lame duck period of, 365–71
in meetings with Soviets, 11, 358–65
memoirs of, 219
Middle East talks of, 399
in 1968 election, 206–7, 208–17, 353
in 1976 election, 313–14, 315–28
at 1976 Republican Convention, 322–26
in 1980 election, 314, 353, 355
1988 election and, 365, 368, 371
Nixon advised on politics by, 197, 198–99
Nixon’s advice on presidency to, 355–57, 381
Nixon’s correspondence with, 3, 191, 193–94, 195–97, 208, 209, 210, 211
Obama’s praise of, 507, 510, 520–21
optimism of, 191
popularity of, 367, 404
Robert Kennedy’s debate with, 209, 215
Sadat’s funeral and, 340
as Screen Actors Guild president, 194, 197, 327
testimony to Nixon’s congressional committee of, 194–95
Rebozo, Bebe, 286
recession:
1960–1961, 146
1991–1992, 387, 390
Reconstruction, 152
Red Cross, 498
Redwood National Park, 267
Reed, Tom, 206
Reeves, Richard, 104, 143–44, 151, 264, 299
Reinsch, Leonard, 97
Rendell, Ed, 520
Republican Congressional Campaign Committee, 226
Republican Convention (1976), 321–26
Republican Convention (1980), 331
Republican National Committee, 77
Republican Party, U.S.:
ideological struggle in, 5
1946 takeover of Congress by, 39, 43
Republican Women’s Club, 253
Reston, James, 47, 79, 178
Reykjavik summit, 361–62
Rhodes, John, 305
rice, 29
Rice, Condoleezza, 466–67, 468
Rich, Denise, 465
Rich, Mark, 465
Richards, Ann, 479
Richardson, Elliot, 322, 323, 403
Rickard, Edgar, 24–25, 41, 49
river blindness, 399
Roche, Charles, 234
Roche, John, 187
Rockefeller, Nelson, 206, 207, 213, 214, 216, 299
as considered as Ford’s vice-presidential candidate, 318–19, 322
Rocketdyne, 200
Rogers, William, 139, 158
Romania, 29
Rome, 33
Romney, George, 206, 207
Roosevelt, Alice, 253
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 100, 108
Roosevelt, Franklin, 3, 15, 19, 23, 24, 28, 38–39, 55, 60, 75, 108, 152, 194, 279, 468, 523, 525
charm of, 524
death of, 22, 23, 57
Eisenhower’s securing of legacy of, 4
executive branch restructuring desired by, 50
funeral of, 155
Hoover disliked by, 20, 21–22, 48, 89, 120
as JFK’s model, 104
as Nixon’s model, 262
secret tapes made by, 277
self-confidence of, 179
Roosevelt, Franklin, Jr., 65
Roosevelt, James, 65
Roosevelt, Theodore, 1, 3, 9, 253, 262, 464
Rose Bowl Parade, 196–97
Ross, Charlie, 27
Rostow, Eugene, 242
Rostow, Walt, 127, 229, 235, 242, 243, 271–72, 275–76, 281
Rove, Karl, 461–62, 479, 480
Rovere, Richard, 88
Rowan & Martin’s Laugh-In (TV show), 232
Rowe, James, 45, 47, 234
warnings on Vietnam by, 187–88
Ruckelshaus, William, 323
Ruff, Charles, 454
Rumsfeld, Donald, 319, 482
Rusk, Dean, 167, 228, 239, 240, 241–42, 245, 249
Russell, Bertrand, 149
Russia:
elections in, 427
Nixon’s post-presidential trips to, 416–17, 427–28
U.S. aid to, 389, 390, 392, 393–94, 413, 419
Rutherford, Skip, 492
Ryan, Cornelius, 124
Sadat, Anwar, 398
assassination and funeral of, 337, 339–51, 512
Sadat, Jehan, 345
Safire, William, 111, 214, 225, 226, 237, 248, 262, 266, 362, 389, 418
Saigon, 241
St. Johns, Adela Rogers, 198
St. Louis Globe-Democrat, 227
Salinger, Pierre, 114, 132, 143, 153
Salisbury, Harrison, 225
SALT, 288, 328, 362
SALT II, 350, 362
Sanchez, Manolo, 525
San Jose Mercury News, 216
San Román, José “Pepe,” 133
Saudi Arabia, 344, 345, 347–48, 349, 407–8
Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr., 104, 105, 106, 116, 130, 132, 136–37, 152
on Cuban Missile Crisis, 151
Schlesinger, Arthur, Sr., 152
Schlesinger, James, 391
Schorr, Daniel, 389
Schultz, Robert, 265
Schweiker, Richard, 321
Scott, Hugh, 305
Scowcroft, Brent, 11, 317, 318, 319, 384, 390, 402, 420, 423, 487
in conversation with Chinese leaders, 382
former presidents briefed by, 380–81
Gulf War and, 405, 407
Iraq War opposed by, 482–83
LBJ’s requests of, 266
Screen Actors Guild, 194, 197, 327
Sears, John, 208, 217, 218, 321, 322
Secret Service, 6, 95, 114, 124, 125, 157, 283, 340, 347–48, 467, 490, 494, 515, 525
Segretti, Donald, 255, 278, 283
Selective Service, 187
Senate, U.S.:
Foreign Relations Committee, 132
Vietnam amendment of, 278
Watergate scandal investigated by, 282
see also House of Representatives, U.S.
September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks of, 458, 467–71, 481, 482, 487
Sequoia (yacht), 397
Serbia, 412
Sestak, Joe, 516
Sevareid, Eric, 93
sexual revolution, 316
Shelton, Hugh, 446
Shriver, Sargent, 280–81
Shultz, George, 356, 362, 363, 364
Sicily, 29
Sidey, Hugh, 178, 261, 345, 483
Sidwell Friends, 418, 434
Silent Committee, 478
Silent Majority, 187, 232, 385
Simes, Dimitri, 381, 384, 385, 388, 416, 427
Simon, William, 322
Single Integrated Operational Plan (SIOP), 143
Skinner, Sam, 392
Smathers, George, 247
Smith, Bromley, 242
Smith, Richard Norton, 51, 451
Smith, Walter Bedell, 79, 81
Smoot Hawley Tariff Act, 426
Snyder, John, 34
Somalia, 427
Sorensen, Ted, 110, 115, 116, 132, 133, 134
South, 232
South Carolina, 461
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), 183
Southern California Democrats for Nixon, 198
South Korea, 66, 142, 236, 435
Carter’s trip to, 438–42
South Vietnam, 171, 181, 225
coups in, 171, 173–74
Eisenhower’s support for, 171, 181–82
Nixon’s talks with, 230–31
see also Paris peace talks
Soviet Union, 11, 16, 26, 32, 38, 41, 68, 71, 122, 123, 142, 313, 392
atomic bomb of, 66
Bay of Pigs invasion and, 137
coup in, 386
Cuban Missile Crisis and, 148–49, 150, 173
disarmament talks with, 271
fall of, 480
G. H. W. Bush’s policy towards, 383–86
Gulf War and, 408
Reagan’s trip to, 11, 358–65
SALT agreement with, 288, 328
SALT II agreement with, 350
Vietnam War and, 239, 240
Special Investigations Unit, 278
Specter, Arlen, 516
Spencer, Stu, 201, 203, 206, 321, 324, 327
Spock, Benjamin, 185
Sri Lanka, 491, 497
Stalin, Joseph, 35
Stans, Maurice, 139
Staples, Mavis, 502
Starr, Ken, 454
Stassen, Harold, 295
State Department, U.S., 27, 36, 37, 39–40, 50, 114, 132, 149, 238, 250, 283, 345, 408, 437, 467, 517
tsunami response of, 493
Steelman, John, 47
Stephanopoulos, George, 423, 430, 444–45, 525
Stevenson, Adlai, 78, 79, 80, 81, 87, 88–89, 113
Stewart, Jon, 522
Stimson, Henry, 24, 25, 59
stimulus package, 519
Stone, Harlan, 59
Stone, I. F., 60
Stone, Roger, 415
Strauss, Robert, 452–53
Sudan, 120
Sulzberger, Arthur, 85
Summerfield, Arthur, 84
Summers, Anthony, 248
Summers, Larry, 513
Summersby, Kay, 77
Sununu, John, 421
Super Bowl, 494
Supreme Court, U.S., 155, 255
ruling against Nixon by, 379
Symington, Stuart, 119
Syria, 400, 407–8
Taft, Robert, 63, 69, 71, 73, 77, 78, 82, 87
Taft, William Howard, 5, 24, 73, 449
Taiwan Strait, 97
Talbott, Strobe, 416–17, 418
tax bills, 167, 521–22
taxes, 181, 195
Taylor, Maxwell, 151
Tea Party, 519, 520
Teeter, Robert, 319, 328, 332
Temple, Shirley, 194
Tenet, George, 469
terHorst, Jerry, 300
test ban treaty, 106, 153
Tet Offensive, 189, 227
Texas, 111, 320
drought in, 169
Texas A&M, 459, 515–16
Thailand, 399, 491
That Hagen Girl (film), 194
Thurmond, Strom, 342
Tiananmen Square, 382
Time, 20, 22, 37, 46, 58, 69, 70–71, 103, 121, 128, 178, 199, 208–9, 210–11, 213, 216, 243–44, 253, 254, 261, 299, 317, 324, 334, 335, 363, 366, 385, 406, 416, 422, 429, 465, 466, 481, 483, 496
Time for Choosing, A (speech), 200
Time-Life, 31
Times (London), 247
“Time to Heal Our Nation, A,” 454
Today, 332
Tonkin Gulf Resolution, 176
Toys for Tots, 498
trade, 153, 288
Truman, Bess, 29, 59, 93, 175, 286
Truman, Harry, 6, 9, 10, 11, 55, 79, 101, 102, 103, 121, 159, 161, 164, 168, 226, 265, 337, 488, 525
American leadership solidified by, 38
approval ratings of, 72, 110, 186
assassination attempt against, 154
in attempt to make politician of Eisenhower, 61–63, 72, 73–74, 75–76
background of, 19, 59, 60
on Churchill’s “jury,” 523–24
as cochair of Citizens Committee for Peace with Freedom in Viet Nam, 188
courage of, 524
Cuban Missile Crisis and, 145, 147
death of, 4, 260, 285–86, 305
Defense Department unified by, 6, 62, 66
defense spending and, 144
Eisenhower handed presidency by, 89–92, 249
Eisenhower invited to foreign policy meeting by, 80–81
Eisenhower’s feud with, 7, 55–56, 95, 96–98, 118, 223
Eisenhower’s first meeting with, 55, 57
Eisenhower’s globe given to, 61, 90–91
at Eisenhower’s inauguration, 92–93
in election of 1948, 61–62, 77
financial troubles of, 42–43
German aid and, 39–43
historians’ ranking of, 152, 153
Hoover Commission as sanctioned by, 6, 68
Hoover invited to White House by, 22–25, 163
Hoover’s political differences with, 5, 47
Hoover’s postwar humanitarian work sanctioned by, 11, 15–16, 17–18, 22–23, 25–37, 39–43
Japanese strategy of, 58–59
JFK’s election opposed by, 107–8
at JFK’s funeral, 155, 156–58
JFK’s visit to, 108–9
JFK visited by, 125
Korean War and, 66–68, 79, 91, 93, 94
LBJ’s Vietnam policy supported by, 175–76
McCarthy vs., 84–85, 87–88
Medicare card given to, 170
Nixon disliked by, 109
and offer to be Eisenhower’s running mate, 3
post-presidency popularity of, 13, 98–99, 285–86
Presidents Club started by, 5–6, 14, 15
radio addresses on food crisis by, 30
and reorganization of executive branch, 43–46, 48–51
self-confidence of, 179
as upset by JFK’s death, 154
Truman, Margaret, 66, 154, 155, 156, 157, 523–24
Truman Doctrine, 41, 82
Truman library, 97, 286
tsunami (2004), 491–92, 498
Turkey, 41, 150
22nd Amendment, 464–65
25th Amendment, 304
U2 surveillance, 146
UCLA, 520
Ukraine, 383
Underwood, Carrie, 502
unemployment, 29
United Nations, 67, 148, 348, 381, 444, 500
Security Council of, 12, 137, 404, 406, 407, 439
United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA), 23
urban political machines, 232
U.S. News & World Report, 368
Valenti, Jack, 171, 185, 226
Vaughan, Harry, 86, 265
Venezuela, 36
Vietcong, 171, 173, 176, 180–81, 225, 237, 244
in peace talks, 237
Vietnam, 320, 366, 387, 526
blocked unification of, 181
French defeat in, 181
Thailand’s border dispute with, 399
Vietnam War, 123, 160, 167, 171, 263, 274–75, 279, 316, 419, 509
anti-war activists and, 186–87, 207
as confusing war, 221, 224
Eisenhower’s advice on, 6, 172–88
end of, 290
Nixon’s criticism of LBJ’s policy on, 224–25
Nixon’s desire to end, 263–64
Nixon’s disruption of peace process of, 221–22, 230–31, 235–49, 271, 285, 289
Pleiku assault in, 173–74
Senate Amendment on end of, 278
Tet Offensive in, 227
U.S. approval of, 174
U.S. bombing halt in, 189, 229, 232, 234–35, 237, 240, 241, 263–64, 273–74, 285
U.S. bombs dropped on, 178, 235
U.S. casualties of, 185, 221
Westmoreland’s request for more troops in, 179, 180
see also Pentagon Papers
Voltaire, 524
voluntarism, 30
Voting Rights Act, 181
Wadsworth, James, 139
Wagner, Carl, 433
Wagner, Elwood, 219
Wagner, Lorraine, 219
Waldorf Towers, 19, 30
Wallace, George, 206, 207, 217, 218, 241, 243
Wall Street Journal, 185, 387, 404, 482
Walter Reed Medical Center, 6, 7, 169, 176, 186, 251–52, 255, 357
Walters, Vernon, 318
War Council, 26
War Department, U.S., 23, 39
Washington, George, 3, 55, 152, 514, 524
Washington Post, 31, 87, 92, 244, 252, 269, 282, 283, 299, 343, 514
Washington Star, 287, 288
waterboarding, 526