“If I can bear this, what cannot I bear?” said Cao Mao. “But I will do something, and if I die, what matters?”
He went into the private apartments and spoke to the Empress Dowager.
Wang Shen, Wang Jing, and Wang Ye sat outside talking.
“This matter is coming to a head, and unless we want to be put to death and all our loved ones with us, we would better go and warn Sima Zhao,” said Wang Shen.
This advice angered Wang Jing, and he said, “The prince's sorrow is the minister's shame, and a shamed minister dies. Dare you contemplate treachery?”
Wang Jing would have nothing to do with this visit to Sima Zhao, but the other two went to the Prime Minister's palace to betray their prince.
Shortly after, Cao Mao appeared, called the officer of the guard, Jiao Bo, and bade him muster his force, as many as he could. Jiao Bo got together about three hundred, and this little force marched out to the beating of a drum as escort to a small carriage, in which sat the Ruler of Wei gripping his sword. They proceeded south.
Wang Jing stepped to the front and prayed Cao Mao to stay his steps and not go.
“To go against Sima Zhao with such a force is driving the sheep into the tiger's jaws. To die such a death is a vain sacrifice. You can do nothing,” said Wang Jing.
“Do not hinder me. I have made up my mind,” replied the Ruler of Wei, heading toward the Dragon Gate.
Presently Jia Chong came in sight. He was armed and mounted on a fine horse. Beside him rode two generals, Cheng Zu and Cheng Ji, and behind him followed a body of mail-clad guards, who shouted one to another as they rode.
Then Cao Mao held up his sword and cried, “I am the Son of God. Who are you thus breaking into the forbidden precincts? Are you come to murder your lawful ruler?”
The soldiers suddenly stopped, for they were palace guards.
Then Jia Chong shouted to Cheng Ji, saying, “What did Duke Sima Zhao train you for if not for this day's work?”
Cheng Ji took his halberd and turned to Jia Chong, saying, “Death or capture?”
“Duke Sima Zhao said the man had to die,” replied Jia Chong.
Cheng Ji rushed toward the carriage.
“Fool! How dare you?” cried the Ruler of Wei.
But the shout was cut short by a thrust from the halberd full in the breast; another thrust, and the point came out at the back, so that Cao Mao lay there dead beside his carriage. Jiao Bo coming up to strike a blow in defense was also slain, and the little escort scattered.
Wang Jing, who had followed, upbraided Jia Chong, shouting, “Rebel and traitor! How dare you kill the Emperor?”
Jia Chong got angry and bade his lictors arrest Wang Jing and stop his tongue.
When they told Sima Zhao, he went into the Palace, but the Emperor was dead. He assumed an air of being greatly shocked and beat his head against the carriage, weeping and lamenting the while. He sent to tell all the officials of high rank.
When Imperial Guardian Sima Fu saw the dead body of the Emperor, he threw himself beside it, his head resting thereon, and wept, saying, “It is my fault that they slew Your Majesty!”
Sima Fu had a coffin brought, and the remains were laid therein and borne to the west side hall. Therein Sima Zhao entered and summoned the chief officers to a council. They came, all but Minister Chen Tai. Sima Zhao noticed his absence and sent the Chair of the Secretariat Xun Yi, his uncle, to call him.
Chen Tai wept aloud, saying, “Gossips often class me and my uncle together. Yet today is my uncle less virtuous than I.”
However, Chen Tai obeyed the summons and came, dressed in the coarse white cloth of mourning, and prostrated himself before the bier. Sima Zhao feigned to be grieved also.
“How can this day's work be judged?” said Sima Zhao.
“If only Jia Chong be put to death, that will only be a slight atonement to satisfy the empire,” replied Chen Tai.
Sima Zhao was silent and thought long before he spoke. Then he said, “How about a little less severe?”
“That is only the beginning; I know not other punishments less severe.”
“Cheng Ji is the ungodly rebel and actual criminal; he should suffer the death of shame; and his family, too,” said Sima Zhao.
Thereupon Cheng Ji broke out into abuse of Sima Zhao and reviled him, saying, “It was not my crime; it was Jia Chong who passed on your own orders.”
Sima Zhao bade them cut out his tongue and put him to death. They did so; and Cheng Ji and his brother Cheng Zu were both put to death in the market place, and their families were exterminated.
“The Emperor must die,” thus spoke Sima Zhao full plain
In Jia Chong's hearing; and the Emperor was slain.
Although they killed Cheng Ji, who dealt the blow,
The author of the crime we all well know.
Wang Jing's whole household were imprisoned. He himself was standing in the courthouse when he saw his mother, Lady Zhao, being brought up a prisoner.
He knocked his head on the ground and wept, saying, “O unfilial son to bring distress upon a gentle mother!”
But his mother laughed.
“Who does not die?” cried she. “The only thing to be feared is not dying the proper death. Who would regret dying like this?”
When next day the family were led out to execution, both mother and son smiled as they went past. But the whole city wept tears of sorrow.
Mother Yuan was famous at the rise of Han,
Mother Zhao was distinguished at the end of Wei,
With purest virtue and unfaltering heart,
With resolution stern she played her part.
Her fortitude was great as Taishan Mountains,
Her life but as the floating down did count,
Like mother like son, their fame never will die,
So long as shall endure the earth and sky.
Imperial Guardian Sima Fu proposed that the body of the late Emperor should receive a royal funeral, and Sima Zhao consented. Jia Chong and those of his party urged Sima Zhao to assume the Throne and replace Wei, but he refused.
“Formerly King Wen had two-thirds of the empire, and yet he supported and served the state of Yin to its end. Wherefore Confucius called him 'Complete of Virtue.' Emperor Cao of Wei would not replace the Hans, nor will I accept an abdication of Wei.”
Those who heard this felt that in these words was an implication that he intended to place his own son Sima Yan on the throne, and they ceased to urge him to act.
In the sixth month of that year, Cao Huang, Duke of Changdao, was raised to the throne as Emperor, the period-style being changed to Wonderful Beginning, the first year (AD 260). Cao Huang was a son of Cao Yu, Prince of Yan, and a grandson of Cao Cao.
Sima Zhao was made Prime Minister and Duke of Jin (an ancient state). Beside, he received gifts of one hundred thousand gold coins and ten thousand rolls of silk. All the officers were promoted or received honors.
When these doings in Wei were told in Shu, Jiang Wei seized upon them as pretext for another war, to punish Wei for the deposition of its ruler. So letters were written calling upon Wu to help, and a memorial was sent to the Throne. The army raised was one hundred fifty thousand, and there were many carts with boxes made to fit them. Liao Hua and Zhang Yi were the Leaders of the Van. Liao Hua was to march to the Ziwu Valley, and Zhang Yi to the Luo Valley, while Jiang Wei took the Xie Valley road. They marched at the same time and hastened toward Qishan.
Deng Ai was still on the Qishan Mountains training the Wei soldiers when he heard that the Shu armies were once more on the war path. He called his officers together.
And Military Adviser Wang Guan said, “I have a plan to propose, but I will not tell it openly. However, I have written it down for your consideration.”
Deng Ai took the envelop, opened, and read it.
“Though excellent, I fear it is not enough to beguile the leader of Shu,” said Deng Ai as he finished reading.
“I am willing to stak
e my life on it,” said Wang Guan, “and I will lead the way.”
“Since you have such confidence you may try. You ought certainly to succeed.”
So five thousand troops were put under the leadership of Wang Guan, and they set out for the Xie Valley, where they fell in with the scouts of Jiang Wei's force.
Seeing these, their leader, Wang Guan, shouted, “We are deserters: tell your leader.”
So the scouts told Jiang Wei, who replied, “Hold up the soldiers, letting their leader only come to me.”
Wang Guan went forward and kneeled before Jiang Wei, saying, “I am a nephew of Wang Jing, and I hate Sima Zhao for what he has done to the Emperor and my family, and I wish to join you and my five thousand soldiers with me. I also desire to be sent against the rebel crew that I may avenge my uncle.”
Then said Jiang Wei, “Since you are sincere in your desertion, I must be sincere in my treatment of you. The one thing my army needs is grain. There is plenty at the border of the Lands of Rivers; and if you can transport it to Qishan, I can go straightway and take the Qishan camps of Deng Ai.”
This reply rejoiced Wang Guan, who saw that Jiang Wei was just going to walk into the trap. So he agreed at once.
“But you will not need five thousand troops to see after the transport. Take three thousand and leave two thousand as guides for me.”
Wang Guan, thinking that suspicions would be raised if he refused, took the three thousand of his troops and marched away, and the other two thousand were attached to the army of Shu.
Then Xiahou Ba was announced, and, when he was come in, he said, “O Commander, why have you believed the tale of this Wang Guan? In Wei I never heard that Wang Guan was related to Wang Jing, though it is true I never made particular inquiries. You should look to it, for there is much pretense in his story.”
“I know Wang Guan is false,” said Jiang Wei, with a smile. “That is why I have taken away many of his force. I am meeting trick with trick.”
“How do you know for certain he is a false?”
“Sima Zhao is as crafty as Cao Cao. If he slew all Wang Jing's family, would he have left a nephew and sent that nephew to the pass beyond his own reach with soldiers? You saw this, as did I.”
So Jiang Wei did not go out by the Xie Valley, but he set an ambush there ready for any move of Wang Guan. And indeed, within ten days, the ambush caught a man with a letter from Wang Guan to Deng Ai telling him what had come about. From the letter and the bearer thereof, Jiang Wei learned that Wang Guan
would divert a convoy of grain to the Wei camps on the twentieth and Deng Ai was to send troops to Yunshan Valley to help.
Jiang Wei beheaded the courier. Then he sent another letter to Deng Ai by a man dressed as a Wei soldier, the date being altered to the fifteenth instead of the twentieth.
As a preparation, Jiang Wei ordered many wagons to be emptied of their grain and laden with inflammables, covered with green cloth. The two thousand Wei soldiers were ordered to show flags belonging to the Shu transport corps. Then Jiang Wei and Xiahou Ba went into the valleys in ambush, while Jiang Shu was ordered to march to the Xie Valley, and Liao Hua and Zhang Yi were sent to capture Qishan.
The letter, apparently from Wang Guan, was sufficient for Deng Ai, and he wrote back to say it was agreed. So on the fifteenth day, Deng Ai led out fifty thousand veteran troops and moved in sight near Yunshan Valley. And the scouts saw endless carts of grain and fodder in the distance zigzagging through the mountains. When Deng Ai got closer, he distinguished the uniforms of Wei.
His staff urged him, saying, “It is getting dark; O General, hurry to help Wang Guan escort the convoy out of the valley.”
“The mountains ahead are hazardous,” said the general. “If by any chance an ambush has been laid, we could hardly escape. We will wait here.”
But just then two horsemen came up at a gallop and said, “Just as General Wang Guan was crossing the frontier with the convoy, he was pursued, and reinforcements are urgently needed.”
Deng Ai, realizing the importance of the request, gave orders to press onward. It was the first watch, and a full moon was shining as bright as day. Shouting was heard behind the hills, and he could only conclude it was the noise of the battle in which Wang Guan was engaged.
So Deng Ai dashed over the hills. But suddenly a body of troops came out from the shelter of a grove of trees, and at their head rode the Shu leader, Fu Qian.
“Deng Ai, you are stupid! You have just fallen into the trap set for you by our general. Dismount and prepare for death!”
Deng Ai halted and turned to flee. Then the wagons burst into flame. That flame was a signal, and down came the army of Shu. He heard shouts all round him, “A thousand ounces of gold for anyone who captures Deng Ai, and a lordship of ten thousand households as well!”
Terrified, Deng Ai dropped his arms, threw aside his armor, slipped from his steed, mingled with the footmen, and with them scrambled up the hills. The generals of Shu only looked for him among the mounted leaders, never guessing that he had got away among the common soldiers. So he was not captured.
Jiang Wei gathered in his victorious army and went to meet Wang Guan and his convoy.
Having made all arrangements, as he thought, complete, Wang Guan was patiently awaiting the development of his scheme, when a trusted subordinate came and told him that the ruse had been discovered and Deng Ai had already suffered defeat. Wang Guan sent out some scouts, and the report was confirmed, with the addition that the Shu armies were coming against him. Moreover, clouds of dust were rising. There was no way of escape, so Wang Guan ordered his troops to set fire to the convoy, and soon huge flames were rising high into the air.
“The case is desperate,” cried Wang Guan. “It is a fight to the death!”
He led his force westward, but the army of Shu came in pursuit. Jiang Wei thought Wang Guan would try at all costs to get back to his own side, but instead, Wang Guan went on toward Hanzhong; and as his troops were too few to risk a battle, Wang Guan ordered them to burn and destroy all military stations and even the Plank Trail as he went. Fearing the loss of Hanzhong, Jiang Wei made all haste along the by-roads after Wang Guan. Surrounded on all sides, Wang Guan jumped into the Black Dragon River and so died. Those of his soldiers who survived were slain by Jiang Wei.
Though a victory had been won and Wang Guan killed, it was costly. Many wagons and much grain had been lost, and the Plank Trail had been destroyed. Jiang Wei led his army into Hanzhong.
Deng Ai made his way back to Qishan. From there he reported his defeat to the Ruler of Wei and asked for degradation as a penalty. However, Sima Zhao saw that Deng Ai had rendered good services, so he did not degrade the general, but, on the other hand, sent him magnificent gifts, which Deng Ai distributed to the families of the soldiers who had been killed. Sima Zhao also sent him fifty thousand troops as reinforcement lest Shu should attack again.
Jiang Wei set about the restoration of the Plank Trail ready for the next expedition.
Repair the roads for marching feet to tread,
The strife will only cease when all are dead.
The next chapter will tell who won.
CHAPTER 115. Listening To Slander, The Latter Ruler Recalls His Army; Living In Farms, Jiang Wei Avoids Disaster.
In the autumn of the fifth year of Wonderful Sight, in Shu-Han calendar (AD 263), Jiang Wei was occupied with preparations for the renewal of an attack; mending the hill roads, gathering stores, and mobilizing his boats on the waterways of Hanzhong. These things done, he memorized the Throne, asking permission to go again to the attack:
“Although I have not been wholly victorious nor accomplished great things, yet I have put fear into the hearts of the
Wei armies. Our soldiers have been long under training, and they must now be used, or the army will go to pieces for lack of exercise. The soldiers are ready to die, the officers prepared for all risks, and I am determined to conquer or perish.”
The Latter Ruler di
d not consent at once.
As he was hesitating, Qiao Zhou stood forth and said, “I have observed the heavens. I have seen the leader stars in Shu dull and obscured. This expedition will be disastrous, and I hope Your Majesty will not approve.”
The Latter Ruler replied, “Let us see the results of this campaign; if it fails, then the war shall cease.”
Qiao Zhou resented the rejection of his advice, withdrew to his home, and retired on the pretext of illness.
As the final preparations were being made, Jiang Wei said to Liao Hua, “We are pledged to get through to the Middle Land this time; what do you advise to start with?”
“I dare not presume to advise you, General. For years we have been fighting and giving the people no rest. In Deng Ai we find a most formidable and resourceful opponent and an extraordinarily capable man, so that you must exert yourself to the very utmost.”
Jiang Wei was annoyed. Said he, “The late Prime Minister made six attempts, all for the state. I have attacked eight times. Was any one of those attacks to serve my private ends? This time I go to attack Taoyang, and no one shall say me nay. I will punish opposition with death.”
Jiang Wei left Liao Hua in charge of the base in Hanzhong and marched with three hundred thousand troops to Taoyang. His movements were reported in the Qishan camps, and Deng Ai's spies confirmed the news.
It happened that Sima Wang was with Deng Ai discussing military matters, and the former, when he heard it, said, “That move is a blind; he does not mean it. What he really intends is an attack on Qishan.”
“However, he has really gone to Taoyang,” said Deng Ai.
“How can you know?”
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