Portugal, 7, 81, 107, 120, 143–4, 146–8, 150, 153–4, 157, 193
post-war, 3–4, 26–7, 33–4, 41, 183, 185, 187,, 191, 194, 219
Potonié, Edmond, 137
Power Pacts, 193
prayer, 4, 77, 95, 99, 101, 108,116
primates, 9, 12–15, 18, 239–40, 246
private law, 130
private war, 79, 105, 108
Prize Courts, 130, 138
prehistory, 4, 9, 12–21, 35, 37, 75, 237, 239, 242
Promised Land, 83–4, 87, 90, 237
Protagoras, 44
protest, 6, 25, 45, 68, 72, 90, 99, 115–16, 152, 173, 179, 181, 186–7, 189–90, 196, 199–200, 202–4, 207, 214, 216–17, 226, 231–2
Protestantism, 113–18, 120, 147, 150, 192
Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph, 174, 221
proxy wars, 198–9
public law, 130
public war, 79, 105
Pufendorf, Samuel, 129
Pugwash Conference, 198, 202, 238
Punic Wars, 48
Pyramid of Peace, 234–48
Pyrrhic victory, 48
Pythagoras, 43
Quakerism, 6, 116–18, 147–8, 182, 202
Quesnay, François, 164
quilombo, 153
Qur’an, 95–102
Quraysh, 95–6, 98–9
Qin Dynasty, 67, 69–70, 72, 74
Qing Dynasty, 65, 158
Quebec, 181, 225
Quietude, 235, 244
Ramses the Great, 32–4
rapprochement, 93
Reagan, Ronald, 201, 206
realpolitik, 112, 157
reason, 13, 42, 44, 46, 111, 121, 123–4, 129, 133–4, 140–1, 146
reciprocity, 13, 18, 42, 66, 68, 75, 89, 97–9, 105–6, 116, 168, 197, 205, 247
recognition, 15, 100, 105, 107, 150, 176, 235, 244–5
reconciliation, 14, 32–3, 44, 91, 110, 127, 181, 187, 218
Red Cross, 128, 237
Reformation, 114–18
refugees, 135, 153, 190, 228
reglements d’avouerie, 108
reincarnation, 59, 90
Reign of Terror, 125
religion, 3, 9, 21, 25–6, 32, 59–60, 63, 73–4, 85–6, 89, 93, 97–101, 120, 123, 142, 148, 207, 244
Renaissance, 109–114
republicanism, 5, 48–9, 53–5, 112, 117, 122, 134–5, 169, 246
respect, 33, 51, 55, 68, 80, 82, 84, 92, 100–1, 152, 187, 190, 192–3, 203, 208, 224–5, 235, 244–5
restorative behavior, 114, 240
Reublin, Wilhelm, 116
revolution, 6, 10, 24, 50, 71, 122, 124–5, 150, 153, 155, 157, 162, 164, 170–5, 179, 184, 186, 188, 193, 196, 207, 225, 236, 240, 243
Ricardo, David, 167–8, 242
rituals, 5, 14, 20, 33, 57–9, 65, 82, 86, 88, 147, 151
ritsuryo, 78
Roe, Sir Thomas, 154
rogue states, 11, 227, 229
Rolin-Jacquemyns, Gustave, 130
Romanization, 48, 50, 74, 104, 221, 242
Rome
Ancient, 5, 9, 46–55, 63, 88, 92–4, 101, 103–6, 189, 239
City of, 100, 106, 111, 112, 200
Roosevelt, Franklin, 189, 192
Roosevelt, Theodore, 138, 159, 159, 179
Roosevelt Corollary, 159–60
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 5–6, 16, 124–5
Russell, Bertrand, 180–1, 197, 203, 245
Russia, 116, 132–3, 138–41, 150, 155, 157–8, 175, 178–9, 187–8, 210, 211, 224–5
Sabines, Rape and Peace of, 47
Sainthood, 108
Saint Augustine, 94, 103–5, 109, 111, 114
Saint Cyprian, 94
Saint Francis of Assisi, 108, 184
Saint Justin, 93–4
Saint Melito, 94
Saint-Pierre, Abbé, 127
Saint-Simon, Henri, 170
sakoku, 81
samurai, 79–80, 244
SANE, National Committee for a Sane Nuclear Policy, 204–5
sanctions, 10, 66, 71, 117, 168, 211, 217, 226, 227, 230, 247,
Sangha, 61–3, 244
sanitation, 56, 62, 171, 235–7
Satyagraha, 186–7, 202, 216
Say, Jean-Baptiste, 168
Schmalkaldic League, 120
School of Prosperous Peace, 81, 238
Schmoller, Gustav von, 169
Scramble for Africa, 157
secessionism, 224–5
Second World War, 182, 185, 187, 193, 195, 200, 202, 209, 213, 214, 226, 247
secularism, 4–5, 25, 57, 80, 106, 108, 110–1, 115, 123, 125, 142, 172, 180
security, 30, 54, 168, 184, 190, 193, 209–12
self-determination, 120, 129, 188
Semai, 9, 20
Seneca, 52
September 11, 2001, 226, 230
Sermon on the Mount, 89
Sforza, 126,
Shang Dynasty, 65–7
Sharia, 101
shelter, 38, 235–7
Shiites, 100–1, 141, 226,
Shinto, 76–7, 81
Shoen, 79–81, 240
Shultz Doctrine, 230
Silver Rule, 68, 89
Sima Qian, 63
simple societies, 9, 20, 238
Sinicization, 74, 221, 242
Six-Fold Policy, 58
slavery, 3, 10, 24–5, 28, 30, 40, 48–9, 52, 62, 71, 84, 107, 124, 140, 145–8, 153, 190, 213
Smith, Adam, 164–6, 170
social cohesion, 17, 39, 64, 66–7, 239
social contracts, 5–6, 121, 124
Social Democratic Parties, 173, 175
social justice, 7, 35, 137, 169, 200, 215, 216–17, 221–2, 242
Social War, 50
socialism, 3, 10, 138, 162, 164, 170–7, 183, 189, 195, 198, 222, 239, 242
sociology, 5, 7, 170
Socrates, 43–6, 61, 247
Soga, 76, 78
Solomon, 86–7
Solon, 40, 246
Sophistry, 44, 134
Souleyman, Elizabeth, 164
South Africa, 181, 184–6, 211, 216–17, 247
sovereignty, 107, 120, 133, 193, 198, 210, 212, 222, 227, 240
space race, 201
Spain, 47, 101–2, 106, 108, 117, 120, 127, 138, 143–6, 150, 152, 155–6, 184, 225
Sparta, 35, 39–42, 47, 74, 114, 122, 226, 240, 247
Spencer, Herbert, 16
Sponsel, Leslie, 12, 16, 20
statecraft, 31, 58, 66, 81, 98
static dynamism, 95, 236
Stoicism, 4, 51–2, 55, 70, 244
Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, 205
stratification, social, 18, 25, 57, 59, 75–6
strife, 36–7, 40, 43, 57, 59, 72, 83, 88, 117–18, 189, 220, 237, 239
strikes and lockouts, 175–6
structural violence, 25, 57, 62, 75, 107, 124, 149, 173, 185, 209, 220, 239
student activism, 170, 199, 202, 216
Suez Canal, 157, 214
subalterns, 220–1
Suijin, 76
Sumer, 22–5
Sunni, 100, 226
survival
of the fittest, 6, 16, 247
of the peaceful, 6, 12, 17, 202, 247
of humanity, 13, 15, 17–19, 22, 35, 232–3, 242, 247
sustainability, 232, 241
Suttner, Bertha von, 181
Swaraj, 187
Sweden, 120, 130, 132, 138, 150
Switzerland, 120, 132
symmachiae, 42
sympathy, 17, 127, 239, 245
syncretism, 26–7, 33, 58, 74, 77, 83, 91
Synods, 108
Syria, 99–100, 214, 215
Tacitus, 48
Taika, 78–80
Tasaday, 9, 20, 238
taxation, 100, 122
tea ceremony, 80
technology, 1, 11, 15, 25, 157, 196, 227, 231–2
Templum Pacis, 54
Tempyo, Era of Heavenly Peace, 78
Ten Commandments, 84
terrorism, 11, 174–5, 227–35, 245
Tertullian, 94
Thales, 43
Themis, 35–7
Thucydides, 40, 42–3
Thermidor, 125, 240
Thirty Years Peace, 42
Thirty Years War, 119
Thoreau, Henry, 139–40, 216
Three Sovereigns, 63–4
Tito, 5, 208, 226
tolerance, 13–14, 55, 59, 95, 100, 102, 187
Tolstoy, Leo, 116, 139–42, 174, 216
Tokugawa Peace, 81
Torah, 83–4, 87–8, 91, 97–8, 237
Transcendentalism, 139, 142, 243
transformative non-violence, 142, 186, 216, 240
transportation, 53, 76, 130, 232
treaties, 7, 34, 42, 48, 65, 67, 102, 107, 120, 129–30, 132, 134, 138, 144, 147, 150, 154, 157, 160, 169, 184–5, 198, 209, 212–13, 244
treaties, medieval, 107–8
Treaty of Alcazovas, 144
Treaty of Alliance and League, 126
Treaty of Atlantidas, 42
Treaty of Lausanne, 185
Treaty of Osnabrück, 130
Treaty of Paris, 149
Treaty of Saragossa, 144
Treaty of Tordesillas, 144
Treaty of Versailles, 189–90, 192
Treaty of Windsor, 107
Treuga Dei, 105
tributary system, 33, 57, 75, 83, 129, 247
Triple Alliance, 132
Triumvirates, 52–3
truces, 36, 28, 42, 100, 105, 111, 120, 214
Truth and Reconciliation Commission, 218
Turkey, 63, 74, 94, 99, 102, 113, 142, 185, 225
Tutu, Desmond, 218
Twelve Tables, 49
tyranny, 40–1, 44, 54, 114, 124–5, 152–3
Umayyad Dynasty, 100–2
Unions, trade, 171–2, 175–6, 244
United Nations (UN), 7, 127, 131, 185, 187,194, 196, 198, 200–1, 208–17, 221, 225–7, 230, 245
United for Peace and Justice, 231
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 211
Universal Peace Congress, 138
universities, 114, 199, 238
Ur, 22–3, 83
uti possidetis, 147, 150
USSR, 11, 189–90, 195–8, 200–1, 204–6, 211–12, 220, 225–6
utilitarianism, 4, 71, 166
Utopia(n), 109, 114, 116, 145, 171, 173, 177, 240
Varros, Marcus Terentius, 52, 55
Vedic Culture, 57, 59–60, 72, 237
Vedism, 58
Vietnam, 63, 157, 199–200
villages, 9, 21–2, 24, 56–7, 75, 107, 171, 213
Visconti, Filippo, 126
Vitoria, Francisco de, 152–3
Vopiscus, Falvius, 54
walking
upright, 15–16
for peace, 62, 84, 139, 149, 202
Waal, Frans de, 13
Walras, Léon, 169
war and peace, 4, 15, 26, 41, 47, 49, 51, 64, 128–9, 138, 140–1, 154, 175, 197, 219, 231, 246
war crimes, 213
warfare, 8–9, 15–16, 19–21, 24–6, 31, 33, 37, 39, 41, 56–7, 64–5, 75, 79, 87, 91, 102, 105, 107, 109, 113, 115, 117, 127–9, 132, 138, 144, 149, 152, 160, 176, 179, 181–2, 221, 223–4, 232, 240
Warsaw Pact Organization (WPO), 196, 207, 209, 226, 247
Washington
D.C., 138, 182, 192
George, 132, 155
march on, 200
wealth disparities, 235, 243
Weddle, Meredith, 6
Weil, Simone, 183–4
weltpolitik, 157
Westphalian System, 119, 133, 210
William the Silent, 117, 120
Wilson, Woodrow, 183, 188–90
Wolff, Christian, 129, 246
Women’s Peace Party, 182
Women’s International League for
Peace and Freedom (WILPF), 183
World Social Forum, 221
wu-wei, 70–1, 244
Wycliffe, John, 115
Yahweh, 84–6, 89, 237
Yin-Yang, 70
yoga, 58
Yugoslavia, 5, 208, 226, 246
Zampaglione, Gerardo, 46
Zen, 77
zero-sum mentality, 162, 164, 207
Zhou Dynasty, 66–8, 70
Zhuangzi, 70–1
Zinn, Howard, 200
Zongfa, 66–7
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