Far From the Tree
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self-advocacy and, 334–38
stages of, 296, 303–4, 318–19
symptoms of, 302, 303, 304, 309, 316, 317, 318, 324, 325, 330, 331, 334, 342, 345, 348
treatment of, 221, 309–15, 317–31, 335–37, 340, 341, 344, 345, 347, 349, 353
as world of voices, 296, 300, 311, 324, 326, 334–35, 340, 346–47
schizophrenogenic mothers, 307, 308
Schmitz, Barbara, 520–26
Schmitz, Elaine, 520–21
Schmitz, Jim, 520–21
Schmitz, Pauline, 524–25
Schnabel, Artur, 414, 415, 416, 436
school buses, 11, 612
Schopenhauer, Arthur, 412, 472
Schorr, Lev, 414
Schreibman, Laura, 260
Schubert, Franz, 438
Schumann, Robert, 429
Schwartz, Robert G., 546
Science, 108
Scorgie, Kate, 42
Scott, Judith, 214
Sea, Scott, 236–37
Seashore House, 285
seat scooting by dwarf infants, 130
Seattle Children’s Hospital, 386, 387, 388
Seattle Growth Attenuation and Ethics Working Group, 388–89
Seattle Post-Intelligencer, 390–91
Sebat, Jonathan, 252, 254
SEC (US Securities and Exchange Commission), 139
Second Piano Concerto (Chopin), 447
secrecy, 10
multiple severe disabilities and, 372
rape and, 477, 487, 499–502, 511, 525
schizophrenia and, 309
transgender and, 624
Secret, The (self-help book), 308
SED, see spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita
sedatives, 267, 269, 311, 345
rape and, 481
segregation, of special-needs children, 182
Séguin, Édouard, 179
Seidel, Kathleen, 257–58, 263, 278–81, 284
Seifert, Ruth, 526
seizures, 217, 253, 254
multiple severe disabilities and, 359, 360, 364, 366, 377, 378
myoclonic, 205, 206
self-acceptance, 6, 26–27, 30, 136, 157, 284, 334
self-advocacy, schizophrenia and, 334–38
self-advocacy groups, 213, 238
self-blame, 22, 25
self-confidence, 134, 424, 627, 688
self-control, 352, 450, 546, 549
self-destructive behavior, 11, 12, 469, 553, 570–71
see also alcoholism; drinking; substance abuse
self-determination, 335
self-development, 36
self-esteem, 27, 46, 81, 193, 281, 519
crime and, 551
of dwarfs, 134, 135, 162, 167
schizophrenia and, 335, 337
transgender and, 605, 610
self-hatred, 46, 70, 78
self-help books, 308
self-injury:
autism and, 223, 229, 235, 237, 247, 268, 285
transgender and, 616, 632
self-interest, 33
self-knowledge, 583, 607
self-pity, 296, 569
self-worth, 434
Semenya, Caster, 666
Senate, New York, 45
Senate, US, 310
Senate, Vermont, 638
Send in the Idiots (Nazeer), 246
Senegal, 330
sensory integration therapy, 266–67
Serenity Prayer, 33, 223
Serkin, Rudolf, 432
serotonin, 317, 563
Sesame Street (TV show), 173
Seventeen, 460
severe disability, defined, 356
severely affected by autism, 244
sexism, 44, 609, 627
sex-reassignment surgery, 35, 602, 609, 614, 621–22, 636
sexual abuse, 11, 71, 73, 74, 492
autism and, 248
of children, see child abuse, sexual
crime and, 570, 571
Down syndrome and, 195, 211–12
rape and, 496, 512, 513, 514
transgender and, 616
sexual intercourse, 20, 480, 496, 620
sexuality, sex, 9, 289, 522, 546, 570
autism and, 230, 240, 268–69
Down syndrome and, 176, 215
of dwarfs, 148–49
gender vs., 600
in marriage, 450–51
prodigies and, 429, 434
with prostitutes, 569
rape as, 480
schizophrenia and, 320, 322, 345, 350, 351, 352
surrogate therapy and, 14–15
sexual obsessions, 561
sexual opportunity, 13–14
sexual phone calls, 545
sexual slavery, 528, 531, 532
Shadish, William R., 584
Shady Grove Fertility Center, 681
Shakespeare, Tom, 157
Shamberg, Caitlin, 78
Shamberg, Jacob, 74–79, 112
Shamberg, Michael, 74–80
shame, 57, 70, 236, 685
dwarfism and, 137
prodigies and, 429
rape and, 478, 479, 484, 488, 490, 500, 503, 506
schizophrenia and, 308
Shann, Frank, 393
Shannon, Bill, 37–38
sharks, 108
Shawn, Allen, 381
Sheffield, University of, 109
shelters, 513, 650
Shelton, Heidi, 293
Shelton, Zach, 293
Shenyang, 446, 447
Shestack, Dov, 256
Shestack, John, 256
shock, dwarfism and, 120, 122
Shockley, William, 413
Short Stature Foundation, 134
Shriver, Eunice Kennedy, 182
siblings, 210, 332, 338, 389
of Down syndrome children, 204
as friends, 442
multiple severe disabilities and, 380–81
Siebers, Tobin, 22–23, 44
Siegel, Bryna, 266
Signed Exact English, 82
sign language, see American Sign Language
Sign Language Structure (Stokoe), 52
Silent Knights (Deaf baseball team), 81
Silverman, Michael, 653
Simpson, Alexa, 551
Simpson, Jackson, 551
Simultaneous Communication, 82
sin, homosexuality as, 16
Sinclair, Jim, 37, 276, 279
Singal, Daniel, 457–58
Singer, Alison Tepper, 241, 280
Singer, Judy, 278, 281
Singer, Max, 372–75
Singer, Peter, 189, 372–75, 389, 393–94, 401, 402
transgender advocates compared with, 667–68
Singer, Susanna, 372–75
singers, absolute pitch and, 423
Singh, Lali, 686
Singh, Sushma, 686
Singh, Vinod, 686
Singing Neanderthals, The (Mithen), 407
single-parent families, crime and, 568–69
Sino-Japanese War, 529
Sirota, Robert, 427, 445, 467
“Sissy Boy Syndrome” and the Development of Homosexuality, The (Green), 600
60 Minutes (TV show), 424
skating, figure, 101
skeletal dysplasia, 119, 126, 130, 155, 157, 158, 163
see also achondroplasia
Slate, 237, 683
Slatkin, Alexandra, 242, 245
Slatkin, David, 242–45
Slatkin, Harry, 242–45
Slatkin, Laura, 242–45, 292
sleeping pills, see sedatives
Slenczynska, Ruth, 428
Smart, Elizabeth, 137
Smith, Dylan, 196–98
Smith, Helena, 529–30
Smith, Jeff, 196, 197
Smith, Joel, 292
Smith, Michelle, 195–98
Smith, Steven R., 33
Smith, Vernon, 278
Smith, Windy, 213
Smithers, Bobby, 308, 309
Smi
thers, Freda, 306–9
Smithers, Paul, 308–9
Smithers, Philip, 308, 309
Smithsonian, 63
smoking, 263, 310, 317, 570
Smythe, Ringo, 499
Sneider, Leslye, 137–39
snowplowing by dwarf infants, 130
Snyder, Sharon, 27–28, 29
Sobsey, Dick, 42
Social and Rehabilitative Services of Kansas (SRS), 648–49
social class, see socioeconomic status
see also poverty, the poor
social Darwinism, 52
social interaction, autism and, 232–33
social isolation:
crime and, 554
multiple severe disabilities and, 363, 371, 380
prodigies and, 466
transgender and, 605
social model of disability, 603, 679
Social Security, 69, 177, 248, 498
Social Security Act (1935), 181
Société de l’autisme, 290
Society for the Prevention of Pauperism, 545
socioeconomic status, 157
disability and, 36–37
Down syndrome and, 199
prodigies and, 455
social mobility, 20, 454
upward mobility and, 685
sociolinguistics, 62
sodomy, 480, 513, 544
soldiers, 350–51
Solinger, Rickie, 490
Solnit, Albert, 180
Solomon, Andrew (author), 6–16
apologizing of, 8–9
autistic friend of, 233
childish things clung to by, 10, 11
depression of, 31, 38, 43, 700
dog walking of, 13–14
dyslexia of, 6–7, 18, 34
education of, 7, 8, 9, 11–13
family background of, 113
as father, 677–78, 688–702
as gay, 3, 4, 7, 9–16, 18–19, 33, 34, 45–46, 162–63, 190, 392–93, 559, 586, 675, 677–78, 688–89
heterosexual experiences of, 15, 677–78
homophobia experienced by, 11
Liechtenstein visited by, 9
loneliness of, 13
marriage of, 690, 692
nobility and, 674–75
as Percy, 11
suicidal thoughts of, 11
surrogate therapy of, 14–15
unpopularity of, 8
Solomon, Andrew, family and friends
Blaine Smith (mother of author’s daughter), 689–93, 695, 699
little Blaine (author’s daughter), 691–94, 695, 699
Carolyn Solomon (author’s mother), 3, 4, 6–11, 45–46, 675, 677
being gay as viewed by, 9–10, 16, 18, 46
Blaine compared with, 691
control of, 10
influence of, 7–8
Judaism as viewed by, 10, 18
reading taught by, 6–7, 18, 34
trauma of self-recognition of, 10
vulnerability of, 8
David Solomon (author’s brother), 7, 15, 31, 113, 695, 696
Elmer Gross (family friend), 15–16
George (author’s son), 692, 694–97, 699
Howard Solomon (author’s father), 3, 4, 7, 12, 16, 34, 45–46, 675, 677, 700
background of, 113
business trip of, 9
as grandfather, 691, 695, 696, 699
reading aloud of, 10
John Habich Solomon (author’s husband, biological father of Lucy and Oliver), 688–95, 697, 699
Laura Scher (partner of Tammy, biological parent of Oliver, surrogate mother of George), 689, 690, 692–95, 699
Lucy (daughter of Laura and Tammy), 689, 693, 694, 695, 699
Oliver (son of Laura and Tammy), 689, 690, 693, 694, 695, 699
Richard Hubbard (Blaine’s partner), 690, 691
Tammy Ward (partner of Laura), 689, 690, 692, 693, 699
Willy Forauer (Elmer’s partner), 16
Solomon, Judith, 363–64
Sonne, Thorkil, 273
Son-Rise Program, 269
Sony Classical, 424
sound, 89–93, 98, 100, 108, 426
discrimination of, 58, 93, 101, 287
fetus and, 53
sound recording, development of, 462
South Africa, 335–36
South Dakota, 110
Soviet Union:
antipsychotics in, 310
artists in, 113–14
prodigies in, 408–10, 412, 420
Spack, Norman, 607, 608, 621, 622, 654, 659
Spade, Bruce, 267–69
Spade, Harriet, 268, 269
Spade, Robin, 268–69
Spain, 444, 654
spatial-thinking assessments, 273
Special Olympics, 28
speech therapy:
autism and, 248, 267
deafness and, 78, 80, 88–89, 101, 106
Down syndrome and, 215–16
stroke and, 317
Spence, Sarah, 282
sperm donors, 683, 689
spider crawling by dwarf infants, 130
Spiegel, Barbara, 119, 124, 126
spina bifida, 29, 39, 680
spinal injury, 32, 148
spine, 130, 148
spirituality, 25, 147, 698
Spitzer, Walter O., 237–38
spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (SED), 128, 129, 155
spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, Kozlowski type, 146
sports and athletics, 406
baseball, 91, 98–99, 100
dwarfs and, 130
gender screening and, 666
music as, 419, 423
Sprague Hall, 465–66
Springfield, IL, 139
Spurbeck, Jared, 45
SSI, see supplemental security income
SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), 264, 267
stabbings, 559
Stable, Jose, 291
Stable, Ulysses, 291
Staecker, Hinrich, 108–9
Stalin, Joseph, 412
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test, 412–13
Stanford University, 146, 264
Stark, Mary, 180
State, Matthew, 251
Staten Island, NY, 139
States, Arnie, 646
static encephalopathy, 385
status, 67, 402, 530
Stayner, David, 324
stealing, 550, 562, 574, 586, 594–95
Stephenson, Eliza, 495–96
Stephenson, Marcus, 494–96
Stephenson, Melinda, 493–96
stereotypes, 10, 590
gender, 601, 631, 632, 634, 637, 660–61
sterilization, 413, 490
of deaf, 51
Down syndrome and, 180
involuntary, 27, 386–88, 526
Stevens, Glenn, 655–56, 658
Stevens, Sufjan, 475
Stevens, Wallace, vii
Stewart, Darius, 555–58
Stigma (Goffman), 28
Stigma Inc., 478, 506
Stiles, Jennifer, 539–43
Stiles, Mandy, 539–40, 542
Stiles, Sondra, 540–43
stillbirths, 170, 495
Stillman, Bruce, 265
Stillman, Robert J., 681
Stillwater, MN, Correctional Facility, 580
Stokoe, William, 52, 62, 109–10
Stramondo, Joe, 125, 140, 156
strangers, 307, 352, 428
children as, 1, 5, 6
strangling, 226, 290, 291
stress, 210, 510
aging and, 25, 42
multiple severe disabilities and, 363, 366, 376, 390
preterm labor and, 513
prodigies and, 440, 461
schizophrenia and, 316, 339, 366
stroke, 52, 317, 328
strollers, dwarf children and, 134
Suara Putra (Bengkala resident), 86
Suarayasa (Bengkala resident), 85
sublime, defined, 472
&
nbsp; substance abuse, 25, 271, 321, 340, 568
crime and, 546, 547, 548, 554
transgender and, 650
treatment for, 546, 547, 548, 553, 567
Sudarma (Bengkala resident), 87
suffering, 42, 43, 47, 144, 684
autism and, 245, 270, 283, 290
boredom vs., 472
multiple severe disabilities and, 389
of parent vs. child, 36
prodigies and, 441, 458
schizophrenia and, 336, 338, 353
suicide, 11, 12, 73, 78, 236, 256, 648
abortion and, 492
author’s thought of, 11
of Dylan Klebold, 588, 593, 595
incarceration and, 552
of prodigies, 426–27, 434
rape and, 490, 493, 494, 497, 514, 518, 527, 533
schizophrenia and, 296, 310, 315, 335, 349, 352
transgender and, 603, 605, 611, 614, 615, 630, 633, 641, 653
Sukesti, Cening (Bengkala resident), 86
summer camps, 373–74, 375
superego, 424
superiority, 413, 425, 586
supplemental security income (SSI), 205, 352
supported homes, 312
support groups:
autism and, 227
disability, 25
Down syndrome, 216
multiple severe disabilities and, 371
schizophrenia and, 331
Supreme Court, US, 55, 180, 667
juvenile crime and, 544, 545
Roe v. Wade and, 490, 492
Sureños (gang), 567, 571, 573–74, 575, 578, 579, 580
Surgeon General, US, 584–85
surgery, 34–36, 73
brain, 90
dwarfs and, 130–31, 150, 151
limb-lengthening, 3, 36, 123, 160–63
multiple severe disabilities and, 366–67, 368, 386–88
sex-reassignment, 35, 602, 609, 614, 621–22, 636
transgender and, 599, 602, 606, 609, 610, 617, 619–23, 625–26, 636, 637, 641, 664
see also cochlear implants
surrogate therapy, sexual, 14–15
survival, 363, 500, 527, 554
Susser, Ezra, 330
Sweden, 103, 317
Swiller, Josh, 107–8
swimming, 228, 248–49
Switzerland, 27
synaptic elimination (pruning), 303–4
syndrome, 4
autism as, 221–24
systemizers:
assortative mating and, 250
men as, 254–55
Szasz, Thomas, 314
Taiyuan, 445–46
“Taking the Train” (Palencia), 355–56
talent, musical, 419–20, 450–51
talk therapies, 317
Tammy (schizophrenic), 321, 323
Tanglewood Music Center, 469
Tao, Conrad, 463–65
Tao, Sam, 463
Taos, NM, 271
Tashkent, 412
Tate, Malcolm, 331
Taussig, Frederick J., 489, 490
Tavistock Clinic, 622
Taylor, Billy, 466
Tay-Sachs disease, 39
teachers, 460, 472, 654–55, 658, 659
autism and, 243, 287, 288
of deaf, 50, 52, 76, 104, 105
Down syndrome and, 206, 216
at Horace Mann School, 11–13