Enlightenment: Britain and the Creation of the Modern World

by Roy Porter

  James Blondel, The Strength of Imagination in Pregnant Women Examin'd (London: Peele, 1727)

  Edward A. Bloom and Lillian D. Bloom, Joseph Addison's Sociable Animal: In the Market Place, on the Hustings, in the Pulpit (Providence: Brown University Press, 1971)

  Edward A. Bloom, Lillian D. Bloom and Edmund Leites, Educating the Audience: Addison, Steele, and Eighteenth-century Culture (Los Angeles: William Andrews Clark Memorial Library, 1984)

  Morton W. Bloomfield, The Seven Deadly Sins: An Introduction to the History of a Religious Concept, with Special Reference to Medieval Literature (East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1952)

  Charles Blount, Anima Mundi (London: W. Cademan, 1679)

  Madame du Boccage, Letters concerning England, Holland and Italy, 2 vols. (London: E. and C. Dilly, 1770)

  Henry St John, Viscount Bolingbroke, The Works of Lord Bolingbroke, 7 vols. (London: David Mallett, 1754–98; Farnborough: Gregg International, 1969 [repr. of 1841 edn])

  James R. Bonar, Malthus and His Work (London: Macmillan, 1885; repr. Frank Cass, 1966)

  Donald F. Bond, ‘ “Distrust” of Imagination in English Neoclassicism’, Philological Quarterly, xiv (1937), 54–69

  ———, ‘The Neo-Classical Psychology of the Imagination’, ELH, iv (1937), 245–64

  ——— (ed.), The Tatler, 3 vols. (Oxford and New York: Clarendon Press, 1987)

  Richmond P. Bond (ed.), Studies in the Early English Periodical (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1957)

  Peter Borsay, ‘The Rise of the Promenade: The Social and Cultural Use of Space in the English Provincial Town, c. 1660–1800’, British Journal for Eighteenth-century Studies, ix (1986), 125–40

  ———, The English Urban Renaissance: Culture and Society in the Provincial Town 1660–1770 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989)

  ——— (ed.), The Eighteenth-century Town: A Reader in English Urban History 1688–1820 (London: Longman, 1990)

  Peter Borsay and Angus McInnes, ‘The Emergence of a Leisure Town: Or an Urban Renaissance?’, Past and Present, cxxvi (1990), 189–202

  Robert S. Bosher, The Making of the Restoration Settlement (London: Dacre Press, 1951)

  Ian Bostridge, Witchcraft and its Transformation, c. 1650-c. 1750 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997)

  James Boswell (ed.), The Celebrated Letter from Samuel Johnson, LLD to Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield (London: Dilly, 1790)

  ———, The Life of Samuel Johnson, 2 vols. (London: J. M. Dent, 1946 [1790])

  Ruth B. Bottigheimer, ‘Fairy Tales and Folk-tales’, in Peter Hunt (ed.), International Companion Encyclopaedia of Children's Literature (London and New York: Routledge, 1996), 162–65

  P.-G. Boucé (ed.), Sexuality in Eighteenth-century Britain (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1982)

  James T. Boulton, The Language of Politics in the Age of Wilkes and Burke (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1963) —— (ed.), Selected Writings of Daniel Defoe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975)

  William Biggs Boulton, The Amusements of Old London: being a Survey of the Sports and Pastimes, Tea Gardens and Parks, Playhouses and Other Diversions of the People of London from the Seventeenth to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century (New York and London: Benjamin Blom, 1969)

  Alain Boureau, et al. (eds.), A History of Private Life, vol. iii: Passions of the Renaissance, Arthur Goldhammer (trans.) (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1989)

  H. R. Fox Bourne, The Life of John Locke, 2 vols. (London: H. S. King, 1876)

  P.J. Bowler, Evolution: The History of an Idea (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984)

  John Bowring, The Works of Jeremy Bentham, 11 vols. (Edinburgh: William Tait, 1843; John Hill Burton (intr.), Bristol: Thoemmes Press, 1995)

  George R. Boyer, An Economic History of the English Poor Law, 1750–1850 (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990)

  Robert Boyle, Some Considerations Touching the Usefulnesse of Experimental Natural Philosophy (Oxford: Davis, 1663)

  ———, The Works of the Honourable Robert Boyle, T. Birch (ed.), 5 vols. (London: A. Millar, 1744)

  Ian Bradley, The Call to Seriousness: The Evangelical Impact on the Victorians (London: Jonathan Cape, 1976)

  Leo Brady, ‘Fanny Hill and Materialism’, Eighteenth-century Studies, iv (1970–71), 21–40

  Dennis Brailsford, Bareknuckles: A Social History of Prize-fighting (Cambridge: Lutterworth, 1988)

  ———, Sport, Time and Society (London: Routledge, 1990)

  ———, British Sport: A Social History (London: Lutterworth Press, 1992)

  John Brand (ed.), Observations on Popular Antiquities: Chiefly Illustrating the Origin of Our Vulgar Customs, Ceremonies and Superstitions (London: Johnson, 1777; London: Chatto & Windus, 1913)

  George C. Brauer, The Education of a Gentleman: Theories of Gentlemanly Education in England 1660–1775 (New York: Bookman Associates, 1959)

  T. H. Breen, ‘ “Baubles of Britain”: The American and Consumer Revolutions of the Eighteenth Century’, Past and Present, cxix (1988), 73–104

  ———, ‘The Meanings of Things: Interpreting the Consumer Economy in the Eighteenth Century’, in John Brewer and Roy Porter (eds.), Consumption and the World of Goods (London and New York: Routledge, 1993), 249–60

  John Brewer, ‘English Radicalism in the Age of George III’, in J. G. A. Pocock (ed.), Three British Revolutions: 1641, 1688, 1776 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980), 323–67

  ——, The Common People and Politics, 1750–1800: Popular Political Participation in Cartoon and Caricature (Cambridge: Healey, 1986)

  ———, The Sinews of Power. War, Money and the English State 1688–1783 (London: Unwin Hyman, 1989)

  ———, The Pleasures of the Imagination: English Culture in the Eighteenth Century (London: HarperCollins, 1997)

  John Brewer and Roy Porter (eds.), Consumption and the World of Goods (London: Routledge, 1993)

  S. M. Brewer, Design for a Gentleman: The Education of Philip Stanhope (London: Chapman and Hall, 1963)

  K. M. Briggs, Pale Hecate's Team (New York: The Humanities Press, 1962)

  Crane Brinton, The Political Ideas of the English Romanticists (London: Oxford University Press, 1926)

  R. F. Brissenden, Virtue in Distress: Studies in the Novel of Sentiment from Richardson to Sade (London: Macmillan, 1974)

  Edward J. Bristow, Vice and Vigilance: Purity Movements in Britain since 1700 (Dublin: Gill and Macmillan, 1977)

  Alexander Broadie (ed.), The Scottish Enlightenment: An Anthology (Edinburgh: Canongate, 1997)

  William H. Brock, The Fontana History of Chemistry (London: Fontana, 1992)

  Jacob Bronowski, William Blake and the Age of Revolution (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1972)

  B. Bronson (ed.), Samuel Johnson, Rasselas, Poems and Selected Prose, 3rd edn (San Francisco: Rinehart, 1971)

  Henry Brooke, Universal Beauty (London: J. Wilcox, 1735)

  John Hedley Brooke, Science and Religion: Some Historical Perspectives (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991)

  Marilyn L. Brooks, ‘Mary Hays: Finding a “Voice” in Dissent’, Enlightenment and Dissent, xiv (1995), 3–24

  David Brown, ‘Butler and Deism’, in Christopher Cunliffe (ed.), Joseph Butler's Moral and Religious Thought (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992), 7–28

  Ford K. Brown, Fathers of the Victorians: The Age of Wilberforce (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1961)

  John Brown, An Estimate of the Manners and Principles of the Times, 2 vols. (London: L. Davis & C. Reymers, 1757)

  ———, Thoughts on Civil Liberty, Licentiousness and Faction (Newcastle-upon-Tyne: Davis and Reymers, 1765)

  Laura Brown, Ends of Empire: Women and Ideology in Early Eighteenth-century English Literature (Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1993)

  Peter Brown, The World of Late Antiquity: From Marcus Aurelius to Muhammad (London: Thames &
Hudson, 1971)

  Philip Anthony Brown, The French Revolution in English History (London: Frank Cass, 1965)

  Robert Brown, The Nature of Social Laws, Machiavelli to Mill (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984)

  Sanborn C. Brown (ed.), Collected Works of Count Rumford, vol. iv: Light and Armament (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press, 1970)

  Theodore Brown, ‘From Mechanism to Vitalism in Eighteenth-century English Physiology’, Journal of the History of Biology, vii (1974), 179–216

  V. Brown, Adam Smith's Discourse: Canonicity, Commerce and Conscience (London: Routledge, 1994)

  Alice Browne, The Eighteenth-century Feminist Mind (Brighton: Harvester Press, 1987)

  Janet Browne, ‘Botany for Gentlemen: Erasmus Darwin and The Loves of the Plants’, Isis, lxxx (1989), 593–612 Reed Browning, Political and Constitutional Ideas of the Court Whigs (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1982)

  Gladys Bryson, Man and Society: The Scottish Inquiry of the Eighteenth Century (New York: Kelley, 1968)

  W. Buchan, Domestic Medicine, or a Treatise on the Prevention and Cure of Diseases by Regimen and Simple Medicines (Edinburgh: Balfour, Auld & Smellie, 1769)

  ———, Observations concerning the Prevention and Cure of the Venereal Disease (London: Chapman, 1796)

  Gerd Buchdahl, The Image of Newton and Locke in the Age of Reason (London and New York: Sheed and Ward, 1961)

  R. O. Bucholz, The Augustan Court: Queen Anne and the Decline of Court Culture (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1993)

  eter Buck, People Who Counted: Political Arithmetic in the Eighteenth Century’, Isis, lxxiii (1982), 28–45

  Jerome Hamilton Buckley, The Triumph of Time: A Study of the Victorian Concepts of Time, History, Progress, and Decadence (Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press, 1967)

  V. Bullough, ‘Prostitution and Reform in Eighteenth-century England’, in R. P. Maccubbin (ed.), ‘Tis Nature's Fault: Unauthorized Sexuality during the Enlightenment (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987), 61–74

  John Bunyan, Pilgrim's Progress (London: Nathaniel Ponder, 1678)

  James Burgh, Crito; or, Essays on Various Subjects, 2 vols. (London: J. Dodsley, 1766, 1767)

  ———, Political Disquisitions; or, An Enquiry into Public Errors, Defects, and Abuses, 3 vols. (Philadelphia: Robert Bell, 1775)

  Edmund Burke, Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and the Beautiful (London: R. and J. Dodsley, 1757)

  ———, Reflections on the Revolution in France and on the Proceedings in Certain Societies in London Relative to that Event. In a Letter Intended to have been Sent to a Gentleman in Paris (London: J. Dodsley, 1790; Conor Cruise O'Brien (ed.), Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1982)

  ———, The Works and Correspondence of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, 8 vols. (London: Francis and John Rivington, 1852)

  ———, A Vindication of Natural Society, Frank N. Pagano (ed.) (London: Cooper, 1756; North Shadeland, Indianapolis: Liberty Classics, 1982)

  Peter Burke, The Renaissance Sense of the Past (New York: St Martin's Press, 1970)

  ———, Popular Culture in Early Modern Europe (London: Temple Smith, 1978)

  ———, ‘Heu Domine, Adsunt Turcae: A Sketch for the Social History of Post-Medieval Latin’, in Peter Burke and Roy Porter (eds.), Language, Self and Society: A Social History of Language (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1991), 23–50

  ——— (ed.), New Perspectives on Historical Writing (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1991)

  ———, The Art of Conversation (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1993)

  Gilbert Burnet, Some Passages of the Life and Death of the Right Honourable John, Earl of Rochester (London: Chiswel, 1680)

  Thomas Burnet, The Sacred Theory of the Earth, translated from the 1681 Latin original (London: Centaur Press, 1956 [1684–90])

  R. M. Burns, The Great Debate on Miracles, from Joseph Glanvill to David Hume (Lewisburg, PA: Bucknell University Press, 1981)

  Robert Burns, The Poetical Works of Burns (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1974)

  J. W. Burrow, Evolution and Society: A Study in Victorian Social Theory (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1966, 1970)

  Shelley Burtt, Virtue Transformed: Political Argument in England, 1688–1740 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992)

  J. B. Bury, A History of Freedom of Thought (London: Williams and Norgate, nd) M. L. Bush (ed.), What is Love? Richard Carlile's Philosophy of Sex (London: Verso, 1998)

  Bob Bushaway, By Rite: Custom, Ceremony and Community in England, 1700–1880 (London: Junction Books, 1982)

  T. L. Bushell, The Sage of Salisbury: Thomas Chubb 1679–1747 (London: Vision Press, 1968)

  Joseph Butler, Fifteen Sermons Preached at the Rolls Chapel (London: Knapton, 1726)

  ———, The Analogy of Religion to the Constitution and Course of Nature (London: Religion Tract Society, n.d.)

  Marilyn Butler, Maria Edgeworth: A Literary Biography (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972)

  ———, Jane Austen and the War of Ideas (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975)

  ———, Peacock Displayed: A Satirist in His Context (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1979)

  ———, Romantics, Rebels and Reactionaries: English Literature and Its Background 1760–1830 (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1981)

  ——— (ed.), Burke, Paine, Godwin, and the Revolution Controversy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984)

  ———, ‘Romanticism in England’, in Roy Porter and Mikuláš Teich (eds.), Romanticism in National Context (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988)

  Samuel Butler, Hudibras, Parts I and II and Selected Other Writings, John Wilders and Hugh de Quehen (eds.) (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1973 [1663])

  John Butt (ed.), The Poems of Alexander Pope (London: Methuen, 1965)

  M. Byrd, London Transformed: Images of the City in the Eighteenth Century (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1978)

  Max Byrd, Tristram Shandy (London: Allen & Unwin, 1985)

  James Byrne, Glory, Jest and Riddle: Religious Thought in the Enlightenment (London: SCMPress Ltd, 1996)

  William Cadogan, Essay upon Nursing, and the Management of Children (London: J. Roberts, 1748)

  C. G. Caffentzis, Clipped Coins, Abused Words, and Civil Government. John Locke's Philosophy of Money (New York: Autonomedia, 1989)

  Barbara Caine, English Feminism, 1780–1980 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997)

  Angus Calder, Revolutionary Empire: The Rise of the English-speaking Empires from the Fifteenth Century to the 1780s (London: Jonathan Cape, 1981)

  Craig Calhoun (ed.), Habermas and the Public Sphere (Cambridge, Mass. and London: MIT Press, 1992)

  William Camden, Britannia (London: Churchill, 1695)

  Charles Camic, Experience and Enlightenment: Socialization for Cultural Change in Eighteenth-century Scotland (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1983)

  C. Campbell, The Romantic Ethic and the Spirit of Modern Consumerism (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1989)

  R. H. Campbell and Andrew S. Skinner (eds.), The Origins and Nature of the Scottish Enlightenment (Edinburgh and New York: Edinburgh University Press, 1982)

  T. D. Campbell, Adam Smith's Science of Morals (London: Allen & Unwin, 1971)

  Piero Camporesi, The Fear of Hell: Images of Damnation and Salvation in Early Modern Europe, Lucinda Byatt (trans.) (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1990)

  ———, Exotic Brew: Hedonism and Exoticism in the Eighteenth Century (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1992)

  David Cannadine, ‘The Present and the Past in the English Industrial Revolution, 1880–1980’, Past and Present, ciii (1984), 131–72

  ——, The Decline and Fall of the British Aristocracy (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1990)

  John Cannon, Parliamentary Reform 1640–1832 (London: Cambridge University Press, 1972)

  ——— (ed.), The Whig Ascendancy: Colloquies on Hanoverian England
(London: Edward Arnold, 1981)

  G. N. Cantor, ‘The History of “Georgian” Optics’, History of Science, xvi (1978), 1–21

  Bernard S. Capp, Astrology and the Popular Press: English Almanacs, 1500–1800 (London: Faber & Faber, 1979)

  Giancarlo Carabelli, In the Image of Priapus (London: Duckworth, 1996)