Enlightenment: Britain and the Creation of the Modern World

by Roy Porter

  ———, Politics in Eighteenth-century Wales (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1998)

  E. P. Thompson, The Making of the English Working Class (London: Gollancz, 1965; Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1968)

  ———, ‘The Moral Economy of the English Crowd in the Eighteenth Century’, Past and Present, 1 (1971), 76–136

  ———, The Poverty of Theory and Other Essays (London: Merlin Press, 1978)

  ———, ‘The Peculiarities of the English’, in idem, The Poverty of Theory and Other Essays (London: Merlin Press, 1978), 35–91

  ———, Customs in Common (London: Merlin Press, 1991)

  ———, ‘Time, Work-Discipline and Industrial Capitalism’, in Customs in Common (London: Merlin Press, 1991), 352–403

  Elizabeth H. Thomson, ‘The Role of the Physician in Humane Societies of the Eighteenth Century’, Bulletin of the History of Medicine, xxxvii (1963), 43–51

  James Thomson, Liberty (London: A. Millar, 1735)

  ———, The Seasons (London: A. Millar, 1744)

  ———, The Masque of Alfred in Roger Lonsdale (ed.), The New Oxford Book of Eighteenth Century Verse (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984), 192

  J. W. and A. Tibble (eds.), The Prose of John Clare (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1951)

  John Tillotson, The Works of the Most Reverend Dr John Tillotson, Late Lord Archbishop of Canterbury: Containing Two Hundred Sermons and Discourses, on Several Occasions, T. Birch (ed.), 10 vols. (London: Dove, 1820)

  Stella Tillyard, Aristocrats: Caroline, Emily, Louisa and Sarah Lennox (London: Chatto & Windus, 1994)

  ———, Citizen Lord: Edward Fitzgerald 1763–1798 (London: Chatto & Windus, 1997)

  Matthew Tindal, The Rights of the Christian Church Asserted against the Romish and All Other Priests Who Claim an Independent Power over It (London: sn, 1706)

  ———, Christianity as Old as the Creation; Or the Gospel a Republication of the Religion of Nature (London: Wilford, 1733)

  Ian Tipton, Berkeley: The Philosophy of Immaterialism (Bristol: Thoemmes Press, 1995)

  Dennis Todd, ‘The Hairy Maid at the Harpsichord: Some Speculations on the Meaning of Gulliver's Travels’, Texas Studies in Literature and Language, xxxiv (1992), 239–83

  ———, Imagining Monsters: Miscreations of the Self in Eighteenth-century England (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995)

  Janet Todd, Sensibility: An Introduction (London: Methuen, 1986)

  ———, The Sign of Angellica: Women, Writing and Fiction, 1660–1800 (London: Virago, 1989)

  John Toland, Christianity Not Mysterious: Or, A Treatise Showing, That There is Nothing in the Gospel Contrary to Reason, Nor Above It, and That No Christian Doctrine can be Properly Call'd a Mystery, 2nd edn (London: Buckley, 1696)

  ———, Letters To Serena (London: Lintot, 1704)

  ——, Reasons for Naturalising the Jews in Great Britain and Ireland (London: Roberts, 1714)

  ———, Pantheisticon, Sive Formula Celebrandae Sodalitatis Socraticae (London: sn, 1720)

  ———, Tetradymus (London: Brotherton and Meadows, 1720)

  Claire Tomalin, The Life and Death of Mary Wollstonecraft (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1974)

  Sylvana Tomaselli, ‘The First Person: Descartes, Locke and Mind–Body Dualism’, History of Science, xxii (1984), 185–205

  ———, ‘The Enlightenment Debate on Women’, History Workshop Journal, xx (1985), 101–24

  ———, ‘Moral Philosophy and Population Questions in Eighteenth-century Europe’, in M. S. Teitelbaum and J. M. Winter (eds.), Population, Resources and Environment (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), 7–29

  ———, ‘Reflections on the History of the Science of Woman’, History of Science, xxix (1991), 185–205

  ———, ‘Political Economy: The Desire and Needs of Present and Future Generations’, in Christopher Fox, Roy S. Porter and Robert Wokler (eds.), Inventing Human Science: Eighteenth-century Domains (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1995), 292–322

  ——— (ed.), Mary Wollstonecraft: A Vindication of the Rights of Men with A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995)

  Theobald Wolfe Tone, An Argument on Behalf of the Catholics of Ireland (Belfast, sn, 1791)

  G. Tonelli, ‘Genius: From the Renaissance to 1770’, in P. P. Wiener (ed.), Dictionary of the History of Ideas, vol. ii (New York: C. Scribner's & Sons, 1973), 293–7

  Horne Tooke, The Diversions of Purley (London: Johnson, 1786)

  Norman Torrey, Voltaire and the English Deists (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1930)

  J. Townsend, A Dissertation on the Poor Laws by a Well-wisher to Mankind (London: Dilly, 1786)

  Paget Toynbee and L. Whibley (eds.), Correspondence of Thomas Gray, 3 vols. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1935)

  William H. Trapnell, ‘Who Thomas Woolston Was’, British Journal for Eighteenth Century Studies, xi (1988), 143–58

  ———, ‘What Thomas Woolston Wrote’, British Journal for Eighteenth-century Studies, xiv (1991), 13–30

  ———, Thomas Woolston: Madman and Deist? (Bristol: Thoemmes Press, 1994)

  Joseph Trapp, Lectures on Poetry (London: Hitch and Davis, 1742)

  John Trenchard, The Natural History of Superstition (London: Baldwin, 1709)

  Hugh Trevor-Roper, ‘The Scottish Enlightenment’, in Theodore Besterman (ed.), Studies on Voltaire and the Eighteenth Century, lviii (1967), 1635–58

  Barry Trinder, The Industrial Revolution in Shropshire (Chichester: Phillimore, 1973)

  Ulrich Trohler, ‘Quantification in British Medicine and Surgery 1750–1830; with Special Reference to its Introduction into Therapeutics’ (PhD Thesis, University of London, 1978)

  Thomas Trotter, A View of the Nervous Temperament (London: Longman, Hurst, Rees & Owen, 1807)

  Howard William Troyer, New Ward of Grub Street: A Study of Sub-Literary London in the Eighteenth Century (London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd, 1968)

  Randolph Trumbach, The Rise of the Egalitarian Family: Aristocratic Kinship and Domestic Relations in Eighteenth-century England (New York: Academic Press, 1978)

  ———, ‘Modern Prostitution and Gender in Fanny Hill: Libertine and Domesticated Fantasy’, in G. S. Rousseau and Roy Porter (eds.), Sexual Underworlds of the Enlightenment (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1987), 69–85

  ——, Sex and the Gender Revolution, vol. i: Heterosexuality and the Third Gender in Enlightenment London (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1998)

  Yi-fu Tuan, The Hydrologic Cycle and the Wisdom of God: A Theme in Geoteleology (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1968)

  ———, Topophilia: A Study of Environmental Perception, Attitudes and Values (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1974)

  Abraham Tucker, The Light of Nature Pursued, 2 vols. in 3 (London: Payne, 1768)

  ———, Light of Nature Pursued, 7 vols. (New York & London: Garland Publishing, 1997 [1768])

  Josiah Tucker, Four Tracts (Gloucester: Raikes, 1774)

  ———, A Treatise concerning Civil Government (London: Cadell, 1781)

  S. I. Tucker, Protean Shape: A Study in Eighteenth-century Vocabulary and Usage (London: Athlone Press, 1967)

  ———, Enthusiasm: A Study in Semantic Change (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1972)

  Samuel Tuke, Description of the Retreat, an Institution near York for Insane Persons of the Society of Friends containing an Account of Its Origin and Progress, the Modes of Treatment, and a Statement of Cases (York: W. Alexander, 1813)

  David Turley, The Culture of English Antislavery, 1780–1860 (London & New York: Routledge, 1991)

  Cheryl Turner, Living by the Pen: Women Writers in the Eighteenth Century (London: Routledge, 1992)

  G. L'E. Turner, ‘Eighteenth-century Scientific Instruments and Their Makers’, in Roy Porter (ed.), The Cambridge History of Science, vol. iv: The Eighteenth Century (Cambridge: Cambridge Univers
ity Press, 2001), 583–607

  James Turner, Reckoning with the Beast: Animals, Pain, and Humanity in the Victorian Mind (Baltimore & London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980)

  M. Turner, English Parlimentary Enclosure: Its Historical Geography and Economic History (Folkestone: Dawson, 1980)

  ———, Enclosures in Britain, 1750–1830 (London: Macmillan, 1984)

  —— (ed.), Malthus and His Times (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1986)

  William Turner, Speculations on the Propriety of Attempting the Establishing a Literary Society in Newcastle upon Tyne (Newcastle: np, 1793)

  Ernest Lee Tuveson, The Imagination as a Means of Grace: Locke and the Aesthetics of Romanticism (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1960)

  ———, Millennium and Utopia: A Study in the Background of the Idea of Progress (New York: Harper & Row, 1964)

  Stanley Tweyman (ed.), Human on Miracles (Bristol: Thoemmes Press, 1996)

  Gerald Tyson, Joseph Johnson: A Liberal Publisher (Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1979)

  Jenny Uglow, Hogarth: A Life and a World (London: Faber & Faber, 1997)

  James Usher, Clio: or, a Discourse on Taste, 2nd edn (London: T. Davies, 1769)

  Abbot Payson Usher (ed.), Two Manuscripts by Charles Davenant (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1942)

  David Vaisey (ed.), The Diary of Thomas Turner of East Hoathley (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984)

  W. Vamplew, The Turf: A Social and Economic History of Horse Racing (London: Allen Lane, 1974)

  Norman Vance, Irish Literature: A Social History: Tradition, Identity and Difference (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1990)

  Simon Varey (ed.), Lord Bolingbroke: Contributions to the Craftsman (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982)

  Aram Vartanian, Diderot and Descartes. A Study of Scientific Naturalism in the Enlightenment (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1953)

  Benjamin Vaughan, New and Old Principles of Trade Compared (London: Johnson and Debrett, 1788)

  Thorstein Veblen, The Theory of the Leisure Class (New York: Macmillan, 1912)

  Franco Venturi, Utopia and Reform in the Enlightenment (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971)

  ———, ‘Scottish Echoes in Eighteenth-Century Italy’, in Istvan Hont and Michael Ignatieff (eds.), Wealth and Virtue: The Shaping of Political Economy in the Scottish Enlightenment (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983), 345–62

  Amanda Vickery, The Gentleman's Daughter: Women's Lives in Georgian England (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1998)

  Fernando Vidal, ‘Psychology in the Eighteenth Century: A View from Encyclopaedias’, History of the Human Sciences, vi (1993), 89–120

  David Vincent, Bread, Knowledge and Freedom: A Study of Nineteenth-century Working Class Autobiography (London: Routledge, 1982)

  ———, Literacy and Popular Culture. England 1750–1914 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989)

  Jacob Viner, The Role of Providence in the Social Order: An Essay in Intellectual History (Philadelphia: American Philsophical Society 1972)

  Robert Voitle, Samuel Johnson the Moralist (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1961)

  ——— ‘The Reason of the English Enlightenment’, Studies on Voltaire and the Eighteenth Century, xxvii (1963), 1735–74

  ———, The Third Earl of Shaftesbury: 1671–1713 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1984)

  F. M. Voltaire, Letters concerning the English Nation (London: printed for C. Davis and A. Lyon, 1733; Charles Whibley (ed.), London: Peter Davies, 1926)

  ———, Philosophical Dictionary, Theodore Besterman (trans.) (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1979 [1764])

  Peter Wagner, Eros Revived: Erotica in the Age of Enlightenment (London: Seeker & Warburg, 1986)

  Dror Wahrman, ‘National Society, Communal Culture: An Argument about the Recent Historiography of Eighteenth-century Britain’, Social History, xvii (1992), 43–72

  Thomas Walker, A Review of Some of the Political Events Which Have Occurred in Manchester during the Last Five Years: Being a Sequel to the Trial of Thomas Walker, and Others, for a Conspiracy to Overthrow the Constitution and Government of This Country, and to Aid and Assist the French, Being the King's Enemies (London: J. Johnson, 1794)

  Derek Wall, A Reader in Environmental Literature, Philosophy and Politics (London: Routledge, 1994)

  Peter Walmsley, The Rhetoric of Berkeley's Philosophy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990)

  ———, ‘Prince Maurice's Rational Parrot: Civil Discourse in Locke's Essay’, Eighteenth-Century Studies, xxviii (1995), 413–25

  John Walsh, Colin Haydon and Stephen Taylor (eds.), The Church of England c. 1689–c. 1833 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993)

  Alice N. Walters, ‘Conversation Pieces: Science and Politeness in Eighteenth-century England’, History of Science, cviii (1997), 121–54

  John K. Walters and James Walvin (eds.), Slavery, Abolition and Emancipation: Black Slaves and the British Empire (London: Longman, 1976)

  J. Walvin and D. Eltis (eds.), Abolition of the Atlantic Slave Trade (Madison, Wisc.: University of Wisconsin Press, 1981)

  William Warburton, The Divine Legation of Moses Demonstrated, 2 vols. (London: Gyles, 1738–41)

  ———, Works, 7 vols. (London, sn, 1788)

  ———, Letters from a Late Eminent Prelate to One of His Friends (London: Cadell and Davies, 1808)

  Marina Warner, From the Beast to the Blonde: On Fairy Tales and Their Tellers (London: Chatto & Windus, 1994)

  ———, No Go the Bogeyman: Scaring, Lulling and Making Mock (London: Chatto & Windus, 1998)

  Richard Warner, The History of Bath (Bath: Cruttwell, 1801)

  G.J. Warnock, Berkeley (Harmondsworth: Peregrine, 1969)

  Joseph Warton, The Enthusiast: or Lover of Nature: A Poem (London: Dodsley, 1744)

  A. M. C. Waterman, ‘A Cambridge “Via Media” in Late Georgian Anglicanism’, Journal of Ecclesiastical History, xlii (1991), 419–36

  Ian Watt, The Rise of the Novel: Studies in Defoe, Richardson and Fielding (London: Chatto & Windus, 1957)

  Isaac Watts, Philosophical Essays on Various Subjects (London: Ford, Hett, 1733)

  ———, The Psalms of David Imitated in the Language of the New Testament (London: Clark, 1719)

  ——, Logick: Or, The Right Use of Reason in the Enquiry after Truth. With a Variety of Rules to Guard against Error, in the Affairs of Religion and Human Life, as well as in the Sciences (London, 1724; 20th edn, Glasgow: William Smith, 1779)

  Michael R. Watts, The Dissenters: From the Reformation to the French Revolution (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978)

  Lorna Weatherill, Consumer Behaviour and Material Culture, 1660–1760 (London: Routledge, 1988)

  ———, ‘The Meaning of Consumer Behaviour in Late Seventeenth- and Early Eighteenth-century England’, in John Brewer and Roy Porter (eds.), Consumption and the World of Goods (London and New York: Routledge, 1993), 206–27

  Miles Weatherall, In Search of a Cure: A History of the Pharmaceutical Industry (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990)

  M. E. Webb, ‘A New History of Hartley's Observations on Man’, Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, xxiv (1988), 202–11

  ———, ‘The Early Medical Studies and Practice of Dr David Hartley’, Bulletin of the History of Medicine, lxiii (1989), 618–36

  Max Weber, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (London: Allen and Unwin, 1930)

  Charles Webster, The Great Instauration. Science, Medicine and Reform 1626–1660 (London: Duckworth, 1975)

  Josiah Wedgwood, An Address to the Young Inhabitants of the Pottery (Newcastle: Smith, 1783)

  David M. Weed, ‘Sexual Positions: Men of Pleasure, Economy, and Dignity in Boswell's London Journal’, Eighteenth-century Studies, xxxi (1997–8), 215–34

  Howard D. Weinbrot, Augustus Caesar in ‘Augustan’ England: The Decline of a Classical Norm (
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1978)

  Charles M. Weis and Frederick A. Pottle (eds.), Boswell in Extremes, 1776–1778 (London: Heinemann, 1971)

  Saunders Welch, A Proposal to Render Effectual a Plan to Remove the Nuisance of Common Prostitutes from the Streets (London: sn, 1758)