by Roy Porter
Hugh West, ‘The Limits of Enlightenment Anthropology: Georg Forster and the Tahitians’, History of European Ideas, xx (1989), 147–60
Richard S. Westfall, Science and Religion in Seventeenth-century England (Garden City, New York: Doubleday Anchor, 1970)
———, Never at Rest: A Biography of Isaac Newton (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980)
Roxann Wheeler, ‘The Complexion of Desire: Racial Ideology and Mid-Eighteenth-century British novels’, Eighteenth-century Studies, xxxii (1999), 309–32
Frederick G. Whelan, ‘Population and Ideology in the Enlightenment’, History of Political Thought, vii (1991), 35–72
H. Whitbread (ed.), I Know My Own Heart: The Diaries of Anne Lister (1740–1840) (London: Virago, 1987)
Gilbert White, The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne, Richard Mabey (ed.)(Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1977 [1789])
R. J. White, Political Thought of Samuel Taylor Coleridge (London: Jonathan Cape, 1938)
——— (ed.), Political Tracts of Wordsworth, Coleridge and Shelley (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1953)
Lois Whitney, Primitivism and the Idea of Progress, English Popular Literature in the Eighteenth Century (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1934)
A. Whyte, Characters and Characteristics of William Law: Nonjuror and Mystic (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1898)
Robert Isaac Wilberforce and Samuel Wilberforce, The Life of William Wilberforce, 5 vols. (London: Murray, 1838)
William Wilberforce, A Practical View of the Prevailing Religious System of Professed Christians in the Higher and Middle Classes in This Country Contrasted with Real Christianity (London: Cadell and Davies, 1797)
———, The Correspondence of William Wilberforce, R. I. and S. Wilberforce (eds.), 2 vols. (London: Murray, 1840)
C. B. Wilde, ‘Hutchinsonians, Natural Philosophy and Religious Controversy in Eighteenth-century Britain’, History of Science, xviii (1980), 1–24
———, ‘Matter and Spirit as Natural Symbols in Eighteenth-century British Natural Philosophy’, British Journal for the History of Science, xv (1982), 99–131
R. McKeen Wiles, Freshest Advices: Early Provincial Newspapers in England (Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1965)
———, ‘The Relish for Reading in Provincial England Two Centuries Ago’, in Paul J. Korshin (ed.), The Widening Circle: Essays on the Circulation of Literature in Eighteenth-century Europe (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1976), 85–115
——, Serial Publication in England before 1750 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1957)
John Wilkes, An Essay on Woman (London: André Deutsch, 1972 [1763])
Basil Willey, The Eighteenth Century Background: Studies on the Idea of Nature in the Thought of the Period (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1962)
Carolyn Williams, ‘The Genteel Art of Resuscitation’, Transactions of the International Congress of Enlightenment, viii (1982), 1887–90
Clare Williams (ed. and trans.), Sophie in London, 1786, Being the Diary of Sophie v. La Roche (London: Jonathan Cape, 1933)
David Williams, Lectures On Education (London: Bell, 1789)
[———], Incidents in My Own Life Which Have been Thought of Some Importance, Peter France (ed.) (Brighton: University of Sussex Library, 1980 [1802])
David Williams (ed.), The Enlightenment (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999)
Ernest Neville Williams, The Eighteenth Century Constitution, 1688–1815 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1960)
Gwyn Williams, Madoc: The Making of a Myth (London: Eyre Methuen, 1979)
———, ‘Romanticism In Wales’, in Roy Porter and Mikulás Teich (eds.), Romanticism in National Context (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988), 1–8
Raymond Williams, The Country and the City (London: Chatto & Windus, 1973)
———, Keywords: A Vocabulary of Culture and Society (London: Fontana Press, 1988)
G. Williamson, ‘Mutability, Decay and Seventeenth-century Melancholy’, in Seventeenth-century Contexts (London: Faber, 1961), 73–101
Tom Williamson, Polite Landscapes: Gardens and Society in Eighteenth-century England (Stroud: Sutton Publishing, 1996)
Adrian Wilson, The Making of Man-Midwifery (London: University College Press, 1995)
Arthur M. Wilson, ‘The Enlightenment Came First to England’, in Stephen B. Baxter (ed.), England's Rise to Greatness, 1660–1763 (Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press, 1983), 1–28
A. N. Wilson, God's Funeral (London: John Murray, 1999)
Kathleen Wilson, The Sense of the People: Politics, Culture and Imperialism in England, 1715–1785 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995)
John Wiltshire, Samuel Johnson in the Medical World: The Doctor and the Patient (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991)
W. K. Wimsatt, Philosophic Words: A Study of Style and Meaning in the Rambler and Dictionary of Samuel Johnson (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1948)
———, Samuel Johnson on Shakespeare (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1960)
William Wimsatt Jr and Frederick A. Pottle, Boswell for the Defence 1769–1774 (London: Heinemann, 1960)
Donald Winch, Adam Smith's Politics: An Essay in Historiographic Revision (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978)
———, Malthus (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987)
———, Riches and Poverty: An Intellectual History of Political Economy in Britain, 1750–1834 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996)
James Anderson Winn, John Dryden and his World (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1987)
Robert Wokler, ‘Apes and Races in the Scottish Enlightenment: Monboddo and Kames on the Nature of Man’, in Peter Jones (ed.), Philosophy and Science in the Scottish Enlightenment (Edinburgh: John Donald, 1988), 152–56
———, ‘From l'homme physique to l'homme moral and Back: Towards a History of Enlightenment Anthropology’, History of the Human Sciences, vi (1993), 121–38
———, ‘Anthropology and Conjectural History in the Enlightenment’, in Christopher Fox, Roy S. Porter and Robert Wokler (eds.), Inventing Human Science: Eighteenth-century Domains (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1995), 31–52
———, ‘The Enlightenment Project and its Critics’, in S. E. Liedman (ed.), The Postmodernist Critique of the Project of Enlightenment, Poznan Studies in the Philosophy of the Sciences and the Humanities, lviii (1997), 13–30
Larry Wolff, ‘When I Imagine a Child: The Idea of Childhood and the Philosophy of Memory in the Enlightenment’, Eighteenth Century Studies, xxxi (1998), 377–401
William Wollaston, The Religion of Nature Delineated (London: Palmer, 1724)
Mary Wollstonecraft, Thoughts on the Education of Daughters, Janet Todd (ed.) (Bristol: Thoemmes, 1995 [London: sn, 1787])
———, Mary: A Fiction (London: Johnson, 1788)
———, Letters, Written During a Short Residence in Sweden, Norway and Denmark, Carol H. Poston (ed.) (Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press, 1976 [1796])
———, Maria or The Wrongs of Woman, Anne Mellor (ed.) (New York: Norton, 1994 [1798])
———, A Vindication of the Rights of Men with A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, Sylvana Tomaselli (ed.) (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995 [1790 and 1792])
Marcus Wood, Radical Satire and Print Culture 1790–1822 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994)
Paul B. Wood, The Aberdeen Enlightenment: The Arts Curriculum in the Eighteenth Century(Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press, 1993)
———, ‘Methodology and Apologetics: Thomas Sprat's History of the Royal Society', British Journal for the History of Science, xiii (1980), 1–26
———, ‘The Natural History of Man in the Scottish Enlightenment’, History of Science, xxviii (1990), 89–123
Samuel Wood, Strictures on the Gout (London: J. Bell and J. Sewel, 1775)
Martha Woodmansee, ‘The Genius
and the Copyright: Economic and Legal Conditions of the Emergence of the “Author” ’, Eighteenth Century Studies, xvii (1984), 417–32
J. Woodward, To Do the Sick No Harm: A Study of the British Voluntary Hospital System to 1875 (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1974)
John Woodward, An Essay towards a Natural History of the Earth (London: R. Wilkin, 1695)
Thomas Woolston, Six Discourses on the Miracles of Our Saviour and Defences of His Discourses (New York: Garland, 1979 [1727–30])
J. Wordsworth, M. H. Abrams and S. Gill (eds.), William Wordsworth, the Prelude 1799, 1805, 1850 (London: W. W. Norton, 1979)
William Wordsworth, The Prelude. Or, Growth of a Poet's Mind (Text of 1805), Ernest de Selincourt and Stephen Gill (eds.) (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1970)
———, The Prose Works of William Wordsworth, W.J. B. Owen and Jane Worthington Smyser (eds.), 3 vols. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1974)
Donald Worster, Nature's Economy: A History of Ecological Ideas (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985)
———, The Wealth of Nature. Environmental History and the Ecological Imagination (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993)
William Worthington, An Essay on the Scheme and Conduct, Procedure and Extent of Man's Redemption (London, sn, 1743)
John P. Wright, ‘Association, Madness, and the Measures of Probability in Locke and Hume’, in Christopher Fox (ed.), Psychology and Literature in the Eighteenth Century (New York: AMS Press, 1987), 103–27
Ian Wylie, Young Coleridge and the Philosophers of Nature (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989)
Deborah Baker Wyrick, Jonathan Swift and the Vested Word (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1988)
E. Yeo (ed.), Mary Wollstonecraft and 200 Years of Feminism (London: Rivers Oram Press, 1997)
Richard Yeo, ‘Genius, Method and Mortality: Images of Newton in Britain, 1760–1860’, Science in Context, ii (1988), 257–84
—, Encyclopaedic Visions: Scientific Dictionaries and Enlightenment Culture (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, forthcoming) John W. Yolton, John Locke and the Way of Ideas (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1956)
———, Thinking Matter: Materialism in Eighteenth-century Britain (Minneapolis, Minn.: University of Minnesota Press, 1983)
———, Perceptual Acquaintance from Descartes to Reid (Minneapolis, Minn.: University of Minnesota Press, 1984)
——, Locke: An Introduction (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1985)
———, ‘Schoolmen, Logic and Philosophy’, in L. S. Sutherland and L. G. Mitchell (eds.), The History of the University of Oxford, vol. v: The Eighteenth Century (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986), 565–91
———, Locke and French Materialism (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991)
Arthur Young, The Farmer's Letters to the People of England (London: W. Nicoll, 1767)
———, A Six Weeks’ Tour through the Southern Counties of England and Wales (London: W. Nicoll, 1768)
——, A Six Months' Tour Through the North of England, 4 vols., 2nd edn (London: W. Strahan, 1771)
———, The Farmer's Tour through the East of England, 3 vols. (London: Strahan and Nicoll, 1771)
———, An Enquiry into the State of the Public Mind (London: Richardson, 1798)
———, Annals of Agriculture and Other Useful Arts, 46 vols. (London: Arthur Young, 1784–1815)
———, View of the Agriculture of Oxfordshire (London: R. Phillips, 1809)
B. W. Young, ‘ “The Soul-sleeping System”: Politics and Heresy in Eighteenth-century England’, Journal of Ecclesiastical History, xlv (1994), 64–81
———, Religion and Enlightenment In Eighteenth-century England: Theological Debate From Locke to Burke (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998)
Edward Young, Conjectures on Original Composition (London: Millar and Dodsley, 1759)
———, Night Thoughts on Life, Death and Immortality (London: Toplis and Bunney, 1780)
———, The Merchant (Dublin: Risk, 1730)
R. M. Young, ‘David Hartley’, in Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vi (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1972), 138–40
R. M. Young, ‘Association of Ideas’, in P. P. Wiener (ed.), Dictionary of the History of Ideas (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1973), 111–18
WORKS OF REFERENCE
Jeremy Black and Roy Porter (eds.), The Basil Blackwell Dictionary of World Eighteenth-century History (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1994)
Philip P. Wiener (ed.), Dictionary of the History of Ideas (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1973)
John W. Yolton (ed.), The Blackwell Companion to the Enlightenment (Oxford: Blackwell, 1991)
John Yolton, John Valdimir Price and John Stephens (eds.), The Dictionary of Eighteenth-century Philosophers, 2 vols. (Bristol: Thoemmes Press, 1999)
INDEX
Aberdeen 242 see also Scotland
Académie Royale des Sciences (Paris) 135
accountability 167, 219 see also morality/morals
Act of Settlement (1701) xvi
Act of Toleration (1689) 31–2, 107
Act of Toleration (1813) 107
Act of Uniformity (1662) 25
Act of Union (1707) xvi-xvii, 34, 242, 243
Act of Union (1801) xvi-xvii
actuarial statistics 207, 208
Adam, Robert 243
Addison, Joseph 4, 8, 35, 36, 40, 69, 79, 93, 105, 277, 298, 311
on ballads 365
on gardens 311–12
on the imagination 279
influence/importance 88, 201, 203–4, 265, 482
on morals/morality 194–7, 198
as MP 276
‘Pleasures of the Imagination’ 69
on trade 384
on witchcraft 220–21, 222
on women's rights 331–2 see also The Spectator, Steele, Richard
adult education 353–8, 361, 363
the aesthetic 163–5, 194–7, 215, 226–7, 261–2, 279, 281, 283, 313–14
chinoiserie, vogue for 358
industrialization as threat to 316–18
possessors of 369 see also human nature
Africa 148, 354, 359
African Society 148
agricultural improvement 306–9, 317–18, 428–9, 430, 451
agricultural societies 307, 308
agriculture 147, 148, 267, 297, 301, 306–11
enclosure 306, 309–10, 317, 318, 366, 386–7, 451, 459
science and 307–8
as stewardship 306, 317–18 see also rural life
Aikenhead, Thomas 244
Aikin, John 154–5, 352, 398
Letters from a Father… 425
Aikin, Lucy:
Poetry for Children 352
Akenside, Mark 279
The Pleasures of Imagination 303, 304
alcohol see drunkenness
d'Alembert, Jean le Rond 8, 10, 57
Encyclopédie 57, 92, 246
Alexander, William:
History of Women 321
Algarotti, Francesco 134
Newtonianismo… (Sir Isaac Newton's Philosophy…) 134
Alison, Sir Archibald 164–5
almanacs 151 see also printing/books
Almon, John 192
America xviii, 1
attitudes to 402–3
Declaration of Independence (1776) 402
discovery of 52, 240
emigration to 240
Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina xx-xxi
Thirteen Colonies 239, 240
trade with 386
American Revolution 9, 148, 188, 240, 402, 432, 448, 458
Analytical Review 81, 335
anarchism 455–9
Anderson, Perry 12, 481
Andrews, Robert and Frances 310
Anglican Church 5, 25, 99, 185, 404–5 see also religion
animals 348–51
Anne, Queen of Gt Britain and Ireland 28, 152
anthropology 355–6
A
ntigallicans 37
Anti–Jacobin Review 74, 293, 423, 465–6
antiquarianism 230, 231, 267
Arbuthnot, John 345
archaeological excavations 72
Archenholz, Johan Wilhelm von 18, 44, 191, 324
architecture 34, 44, 215
Arden, James 143
Argand, Louis 44
Arianism 104, 109–10
definition 102, 109
Isaac Newton and 133, 137
Arkwright, Sir Richard 316, 431