by Amartya Sen
9. Fraser, Iron and Steel in India, p. 1.
10. Perin wrote that when Jamsetji came to interview him, this ‘stranger in a strange garb’ asked: ‘Will you come to India with me?’ ‘ “Well,” I said, “yes, I’d go.” And I did’ (quoted in Lala, The Creation of Wealth, p. 20).
11. There is, furthermore, a significant distinction between import substitution and endogenous domestic expansion. In a joint paper with K. N. Raj, ‘Alternative Patterns of Growth under Conditions of Stagnant Export Earnings’ (Oxford Economic Papers, 13, 1961), I was concerned with the latter, whereas it has sometimes been interpreted, quite mistakenly, as a defence of import substitution against export promotion – an issue that was not even addressed in the paper. The so-called Raj–Sen model considered neither import substitution nor export promotion, and concentrated instead on alternative patterns of endogenous development, focusing in particular on issues of growth theory and the implications of stock-flow relationships.
12. Harris, Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata, p. 118.
13. From a letter to C. F. Andrews, dated 13 March 1921, published in Rabindranath Tagore, Letters to a Friend, with essays by C. F. Andrews (London: Allen & Unwin, 1928).
14. See Michael Sandel, Liberalism and the Limits of Justice (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2nd edn., 1998), pp. 150–52.
15. Rabindranath Tagore, The Religion of Man (London: Unwin, 1931; 2nd edn., 1961), p. 105.
16. This is how the issue was presented by its distinguished chairman, Lord Parekh, in ‘A Britain We All Belong To’, Guardian, 11 Oct. 2000. See, however, the much richer analysis of social identity presented by Bhikhu Parekh himself in Re-thinking Multi-culturalism: Cultural Diversity and Political Theory (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2000).
Index of Names
Abul Fazl 25, 75, 288–9, 320, 331, 360n, 368n,387n
Ade Ajaayyi, J. F. 387n
Agarwal, Bina 220f, 235, 363n, 383n
Agnihotri, Satish Balram 220f, 383n
Ahluwalia, Isher Judge 380n
Ahluwalia, Montek Singh xvi
Ahmad, Aijaz 367n
Ahmed, Qazi Hussain 258
Akbar, Emperor xiii, 16, 17–19, 25, 32, 39–42, 47, 59–60, 75–6, 81, 90, 134, 136, 287–93, 313, 314, 318–19, 320 picture, 328, 330–32, 359n, 360n, 368n, 375n, 386n, 387n, 390n
Akbar, Prince, Aurangzeb’s rebellious son 61
Alberuni 29–30, 39, 58, 78–9, 84, 144–5, 148–9, 157, 172–3, 292, 314, 314f, 315, 361n, 365n, 369n, 373n, 374n, 376n, 378n, 388n, 389n
Alexander the Great 14, 15, 15f, 39
Ali, Hakim 291
Ali, M. Athar 368n, 387n
Allchin, Bridget 367n
Allchin, Raymond 367n
al-Sabhadi 160
Ambedkar B. R. 36, 80–81, 305, 309, 362–3n
Anand, Sudhir xvi
Anderson, Benedict 131
Andrews, C. F. 86, 92, 106, 349, 367n, 391n
Apollonius of Tyana 39, 151, 154–5, 328
Appadurai, Arjun 362n
Appiah, Anthony 369n
Aristotle 136, 284–5
Arnett, Eric 265, 385n
Arrian 15, 15f, 151
Arrow, Kenneth 382n
Āryabhaṭa 28–30, 78–9, 148–9, 158, 178, 179, 323, 374n
Ashoka, Emperor xii-xiii, xix, 15–16, 17–18, 21, 40, 46–7, 75, 81, 82–3, 136, 182–3, 284–5, 286, 288, 289, 308, 313–14, 328, 359n, 360n, 369n
Aston, W. G. 369n
Attenborough, Richard 92
Augustine, St 36, 284–5
Aurangzeb, Emperor 60–61, 61f, 134, 314
Austin, Granville 194f
Azad, Maulana Abdul Kalam 307, 389n
Bacon, Francis 27–8, 361n
Bagchi, Prabodh C. 377n, 378n, 379n
Bailly, Jean-Sylvain 324
Baird, Robert 388n, 389n
Balfour, Lady Betty 390n
Bānạ 167
Bardhan, Pranab xvi, 383n
Barker, D. J. P. 247–8, 384n
Bary, Wm. Theodore de 183–4, 378n, 379n
Basu, Alaka M. 383n
Basu, Kaushik xvi, 294f, 365n, 376n, 380n
Baxi, Upendra 365n
Bayly, C. A. 32f, 368n
Beal, Samuel 377n
Bechert, H. 354f
Behrman, J. R. 384n
Berlin, Irving 130
Berlin, Isaiah 105, 135, 371n, 373n
Bernstein, Richard 377n
Béteille, André 362n, 380n
Bhabha, Homi xvi, 372n
Bhandare, Sunanda 220f
Bhāravi 9
Bhargava, Rajeev 359n, 365n, 375n, 376n
Bhāskar 28
Bhattacharji, Sukumari xvi, 23f, 360n, 361n
Bhattacharya, Dipak 23f, 361n
Bhattacharya, Sabyasachi 294f, 390n
Bidwai, Praful 255, 385n
Bilgrami, Akeel xvi, 89f, 139f, 294f, 297f, 369n, 375n
Blackburn, Bonnie 390n
Bloom, Irene 378n, 379n
Bok, Sissela 89f, 273f
Bose, Abala 108
Bose, Jagadish Chandra 108
Bose, Nandalal 130
Bose, Rashbehari 110
Bose, Subhas Chandra 7f, 110, 111, 371, 378
Bose, Sugata xvi, 89f, 139f, 161f, 294f, 353f, 365n, 373n,376n, 389n
Bose, Supratik 89f
Bouquet, A. C. 22, 360n
Brahmagupta 26, 28–30, 67, 79, 144, 148–9, 178, 179, 292, 323, 374n
Brannen, J. 384n
Brecht, Bertolt 109
Brennand, W. 390n
Brown, Judith M. 194f
Brown, Murray 383n
Bruno, Giordano 76, 287
Buah, F. K. 387n
Buchanan, James M. 14, 359n
Buddha, Gautama 15, 23, 23f, 27, 75, 167, 170–74, 180, 286, 378n
Bukharin, Nikolai 275–6, 291
Bunin, Ivan 112
Caldwell, J. C. 384n
Cārvāka 23, 24, 24f, 25, 26, 75, 159, 288–9, 308, 331, 355, 361n
Chaitanya 287
Chandoke, Neera 365n
Chandra, Bipan 364n
Chandra, Lokesh 377n
Chatterjee, Partha 80, 123, 131, 156, 369n, 372n, 376n
Chatterji, Nimai xvi
Chattopadhyaya, Debiprasad 360n, 361n
Chengzu, the Yongluo Emperor 180
Chirol, Sir Valentine 96
Churchill, Winston S. 39, 261, 261f, 327, 328
Clinton, President Bill 265, 267
Clive, John 368n
Clive, Lord 42
Coale, Ansley 226, 382n
Cohen, Joshua 108f
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor 152
Confucius 136, 286
Corbridge, Stuart 381n
Cornford, Frances 94
Cowell, E. B. 361n
Croce, Benedetto 112
Curzon, Lord 338
Dadu 11, 19, 45, 136, 316
Dalrymple, William 368n
Dara Shikoh xi, 61, 61f, 375n
Das, Gurcharan 380n
Das, Veena 365n, 389n
Das Gupta, Monica 383n
Datta, Deependranath xvi
Datta, Supurna v, xvi
Davidson, Basil 387n
Davis, William 375n
De, Barun 139f, 364f
Deaton, Angus 380n
Desai, Meghnad xvi
Devi, Mahasweta 358n
Devji, Faisal 389n
Dev Sen, Antara xvi
Dev Sen, Nabaneeta xvi, 95f
Dhrombres, Jean 379n
Diodorus 151
Dirks, Nicholas 362n
Drew, John 375n
Drèze, Jean xvi, 35, 37f, 38f, 42f, 83f, 139f, 188f, 198f, 201f, 212, 213, 213f, 214, 220f, 225f, 243–4, 245, 251f, 277f, 363n, 372n, 375n, 380n, 381n, 382n, 384n
Dugger, Celia 239f
Dumont, Louis 34, 362n
Dutta, Krishna xvi, 89f, 113f, 370n, 371n
Dyson, Ketaki Kushari 371n
Dyson, Tim 383n
; Einstein, Albert 104, 371n
Eliot, T. S. 4, 357n
Elmhirt, Leonard 93, 102–3
Embree, A. T. 361n, 365n, 369n, 373n, 378n, 388n, 389n
Engineer, Asghar Ali 388–9n
Epstein, Barbara 89f, 385n
Eves, Howard 379n
Farmer, Steve 68
Faxian (Fa-Hsien) 82, 145, 164, 168–9, 172, 173, 184, 377n, 378n
Ferber, Marianne A. 236f, 384n
Fernandes, George 258, 265, 385n
Fitch, Ralph 363n
Folbre, Nancy 236f, 384n
Fordyce, James 233
Formichi, Carlo 111
Forster, E. M. 41, 95, 96, 154, 330, 363n, 390n
Foster, William 363n
Fraser, Antonia 8, 358n
Fraser, Lovat 339–40, 390n, 411n
Fraser, Nancy 362n
Frazier, Mark W. 266, 386n
Freed, Fred 357n
Freeman, Samuel 280f
Fu-yi 189
Gandhi, Indira 117, 194f, 209, 253–4, 358n, 365n
Gandhi, Mohandas 7f, 32, 51, 64, 91–3, 99–107, 109, 114, 117, 150, 252, 286, 288, 352n, 365n, 370n, 371n, 374n
Gandhi, Rajiv 305
Gandhi, Sonia 7f
Ganeri, Jonardan 357n
Gates, Henry Louis L. 369n
Gautama (Qutan Xida in Chinese), Indian astronomer 161, 179–80, 379n
Geertz, Clifford 281–2, 387n
George, Asha 383n
Gernet, Jacques 379n
Ghosh, Amitav 256, 258, 385n
Ghosh, Manmohan 11f, 45f
Ghosh, Ramendranath 361n
Ghosh, Sankha 102
Giovannitti, Len 357n
Glazer, Nathan xvi, 374n
Glazer, Sulochana xvi, 374n
Glover, Jonathan 273–6, 277, 278–80, 282, 290, 291, 386n
Gluckman, P. D. 384n
Godfrey, K. M. 384n
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von 155
Gombrich, Richard 354f
Goodwin, Neva R. 386n
Gopal, Sarvepalli 204f
Gordon, Leonard A. 371n
Gough, A. E. 361n
Gray, John 386n
Green, Peter 15f
Greene, Graham 89, 90
Griswold, Charles 386n
Guha, Ramachandra 366n, 380n
Guha, Ranajit 77, 368n, 376n
Guio, Anne Catherine 244, 245, 384n
Gujral, I. K. 43
Gupta, Dipankar 362n
Gupta, S. P. 367n
Habermas, Juergen 182, 358–9n
Habib, Irfan 359n, 360n, 368n, 386n, 387n, 390n
Hajime, Nakamura 369n
Halbfass, Wilhelm 373n, 375n, 376n
Han, Yu 170
Haq, Abdul 18, 289
Haq, Mahbub ul 268
Harasym, Sarah 86f
Harding, J. E. 384n
Harris, F. R. 336, 390n, 391n
Harris, Jonathan M. 386n
Harriss, John 381n
Hassan, Moinul 23f, 361n
Hastings, Warren 77
Hegel, George 35, 94, 141, 152
Herder, J. G. 40, 94, 151–2, 155, 328, 375n
Himmelfarb, Gertrude 283, 387n
Hiuan-tsang, see Xuanzang
Hobsbawm, Eric 361–2n, 386n
Holford-Strevens, Leofranc 390n
Honneth, Axel 362n
Hoodbhoy, Pervez 42f
Horney, M.J. 383n
Hucker, Charles O. 171, 378n
Hui Li 173–4
Humboldt, Wilhelm von 4, 357n
Hume, David 279, 387n
Huntington, Samuel 54, 62, 76, 164–5, 165n, 281, 284, 289, 365n, 367n, 387n
Hurvitz, Leon 171, 378n
I-Hsing, see Yi Xing
I-tsing, see Yi Jing
Ifrah, Georges 160, 374n, 376n
Inden, Ronald 375n
Isaacs, Harold 150, 374n
Isherwood, Christopher 4
Jacobsohn, Gary Jeffery 389n
Jaggi, O. P. 390n
Jahan, Rounaq 89f
Jahan, Salim 89f
Jahangir, Asma 43
Jain, Devaki 220f
Jalal, Ayesha xvi, 70f, 139f, 251f, 301f, 353f, 364n, 365n, 369n, 373n, 376n, 389n
James, Robert Rhodes 261f
Jamieson, Craig xvi
Jayaraman, T. 385n
Jayarishi 24
Jha, D. N. 23–4, 361n, 367n
Jha, Natwar 67, 367n
Jha, Prem Shankar 380n
Jinnah, Muhammad Ali 51, 299, 301f, 307, 364n
Joffe, Roland 128
Jones, William 61f,145–6, 147, 148, 154, 373n, 374n, 375n
Jung, Anees 363n
Jungk, Robert 385n
Kabir 11, 19, 45, 45f, 75, 119, 134, 287, 316, 389–90n
Kalam, Abdul 253, 253f, 255
Kālidāsa 19, 41, 167, 330, 355, 363n
Kangle, R. P. 361n
Kant, Immanuel 280
Kaplan, Robert 346f
Karve, Irawati 230, 383n
Kāśyapa (Chiayeb in Chinese), Indian astronomer 179–80
Kāśyapa Matanga 167
Kauṭilya xiv, 25, 158, 166, 284–5, 361n, 369n
Kawabata, Yasunari 94, 111, 370n, 371n
Kelly, Erin 358n
Khan, Ali Akbar 57, 75
Khan, Iqtidar Alam 360n, 387n
Khan, Marufi 89f
Khilnani, Sunil 364n, 365–6n
Khusrau, Amir 19, 287
Kieschnick, John 176, 180, 183, 379n
Kipphardt, Heiner 357n
Kishlansky, Mark A. 377n
Kishwar, Madhu 363n
Klasen, Stephan 226, 382n
Kohli, Atul 194f
Krausz, Michael 25f,376n
Kripalani, Krishna 371n
Krishnan, Rajaram 386n
Kumāra (Cumolo in Chinese), Indian astronomer 179–80
Kumar, Dharma 139f
Kumar, Radha 363n
Kumārajīva 82, 183, 183f, 369n
Lahiri, N. C. 390n
Lal, B. B. 367n
Lala, R. M. 390n, 391n
Laplace, Pierre-Simon 324–5, 390n
Latham, R. E. 367n
Lawrence, D. H. 107
Lebra-Chapman, Joyce 358n
Legge, James 377n, 379n
Lennon, John 152
Little, I. M. D. 380n
Lloyd, Geoffrey 161f
Lukács, Georg 109
Lundberg, Shelly 383n
Mabbett, Ian 23f
Macaulay, T. B. 77, 78, 79, 149, 154, 368n
McElroy, M. B. 383n
McEvilley, Thomas 82–3, 369n
McMullen, David 161f
Madan, T. N. 388n
Mādhavācārya 24, 309, 376n
Mahmood, Tahir 388n
Man Singh, Raja 19, 288
Mandela, Nelson 30–31, 361n
Manser, Merilyn 383n
Mansfield, John H. 388n, 389n
Martzloff, Jean-Claude 175–6, 379n
Marx, Karl 157–8f, 235
Massarenti, Armando xvi
Matilal, Bimal xvi, 25f, 357n, 360n, 361n 375n
Mayo, Katherine 150, 154
Megasthenes 39, 151
Mehta, Gita 160f
Menon, Krishna 3
Mill, James 78–9, 140, 142, 146–9, 147f, 154, 316, 316f, 368n, 369n, 374n
Mill, John Stuart 150, 182
Miller, Barbara 383n
Miller, Barbara Stoler 363n
Mira Bai 11, 19
Mirrlees, Patricia xvi, 161f
Mishra, Pankaj 256, 385n
Mitchener, John 359n, 366–7n
Moore, Charles A. 369n
Moore, Mick 383n
Moore, S. A. 360n
Moosvi, Shirin 290, 359n
Mouzi 171
Muirhead, John 11, 375n
Mukhopadhyay, Pranati xvi
Mukhopadhyay, Shyama Prasad 307
Müller, Max 77, 152, 368n
Mumtaz Mahal xi
Murthi, Ma
mta 244, 245, 384n
Mussolini, Benito 111–12
Nāgārjuna 158
Nagel, Thomas 279, 371n, 387n
Naidu, Sarojini 5–6
Nair, Meera 127, 127f
Nanak, Guru 75, 287
Nanda, B. R. 100–101, 371n
Nanda, Meera 367n
Nandy, Ashis 150, 299–300, 312–14, 365n, 374n, 388n
Nash, John 241, 241f, 383n
Needham, Joseph 82f, 175–6, 177, 178, 183f, 379n
Nehru, Jawaharlal 80, 91, 93, 106, 116, 155, 193, 195, 202, 204, 204f, 218, 288, 308, 343, 357n, 369n, 370n, 371n, 375n, 380n
Nelson, Julie A. 236f, 384n
Newton, Isaac 26, 165
Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm 273, 274
Nobili, Roberto 145
Noguchi, Yone 111
Noorani, A. G. 365n
Nussbaum, Martha xvi, 25f, 108f, 248f, 376n, 387–8n
Nzinga Mbemba, King 287
Obeyesekere, Gananath 282, 387n
Ocampo, Victoria 102–3, 371n
Oe, Kenzaburo 253, 253f, 255, 276, 385n, 386n
O’Flaherty, Wendy Doniger 22f
Oppenheimer, J. Robert 5, 255–6, 357n
Osmani, Siddiq xvi, 381n, 384n
Ostlin, Pireska 383n
Owen, Susan 96
Owen, Wilfred 96
Owens, J. A. 384n
Pal, Radhabinod 110
Pandey, Gyanendra 364n
Panikkar, K. M. 365n, 366n
Pāṇini 84, 181, 325
Papandreou, Andreas 386n
Parekh, Bhikhu 365n, 391n
Parry, Jonathan P. 380n
Patterson, Orlando 135, 373n
Patwardhan, Anand 42f
Paz, Octavio 44, 44f
Perin, Charles Page 340, 391n
Perkovich, George 385n
Peterson, Indira Viswanathan 358n
Pettit, Philip 359n
Philostratus, Flavius 151
Plato 136, 284–5
Plattner, Stuart 388n
Pol Pot 275, 278
Pollak, Robert 383n
Pollock, Sheldon 85f
Polo, Marco 68, 367n
Pons, Father 145
Pound, Ezra 90, 94–5, 111, 153
Prabhavananda, Swami 357n
Prajñadeva 174–5
Prasad, Pushpa 387n
Proffitt, Stuart xvi
Putnam, Hilary 104, 371n
Qizilbash, Mozaffar xvi, 273f
Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli 357n, 360n
Radice, William 370n
Rafique, Abdur 216f
Rahman, Anisur xvi
Raj, K. N. 391n
Rajaram, N. S. 67, 367n, 386n
Ram, N. 256–7, 385n
Ramachandran, V. K. xvi, 38f, 139f, 220f 251f
Ramanujan, Srinivasa 75
Rana, Kumar xvi, 216f
Ravi-das 11, 19
Rawls, John 14, 182, 280, 280f, 358n
Ray, Kumkum 23f, 361n
Ray, Satyajit xv, 98f, 109, 115, 121, 121f, 122, 124–31, 138, 371n, 372n
Raychaudhuri, Tapan 139f, 364n, 368n