A wave of ghastly murders: Hurley, Cincinnati: The Queen City, p. 90.
“a series of events”: Ibid., p. 92.
“were filled with Christmas presents”: NYT, Mar. 30, 1884.
“cold-blooded butchery”: Duffy, William Howard Taft, p. 10.
“to plead guilty . . . absolute and unquestioned”: Ibid.
Cincinnati residents were stunned: NYT, Mar. 31, 1884.
“The people of Cincinnati”: Pringle, Life and Times, Vol. 1, p. 85.
“Justice”: NYT, Mar. 31, 1884.
“become the mere agents”: Elyria [OH] Republican, April 10, 1884.
“Hang the jury! . . . boisterous element remained”: NYT, Mar. 30, 1884.
the mob divided into three groups: Ibid.
Berner . . . transferred to another jail: Pringle, Life and Times, Vol. 1, p. 87.
“the bloodiest affair”: NYT, Mar. 30, 1884.
“to obtain testimony”: WHT to Alphonso Taft, May 10, 1884, WHTP.
“conducted the defense”: WHT to Alphonso Taft, June 15, 1884, WHTP.
“I shall do everything”: WHT to Alphonso Taft, May 10, 1884, WHTP.
“was an extraordinary honor”: Taft, Memories and Opinions, p. 112.
fearing even for his son’s physical safety: WHT to Alphonso Taft, May 10, 1884, WHTP.
“thrown the bar”: WHT to LTT, April 21, 1884, WHTP.
“for men to have backbone”: WHT to Alphonso Taft, May 10, 1884, WHTP.
his brother was instrumental: Taft, Memories and Opinions, p. 112.
“a thankless task”: Alphonso Taft to WHT, May 21, 1884, WHTP.
“I find that the Campbell . . . hoarse for Blaine”: WHT to Alphonso Taft, June 15, 1884, WHTP.
“Your son Will did splendid”: Benjamin Butterworth to Alphonso Taft, Jan. 5, 1885, WHTP.
“This is my last election”: WHT to LTT, Oct. 26, 1884, WHTP.
“The investigation”: WHT to Alphonso Taft, Nov. 23, 1884, WHTP.
“suddenly emerging”: Pringle, Life and Times, Vol. 1, p. 89.
“actuated by no other motive . . . member of the Bar”: Cin. Com. Gazette, Jan. 6, 1885.
“There was not a vindictive word . . . all is gone”: Cin. Com. Gaz., Jan. 8, 1885.
“Tom Campbell controls”: Benjamin Butterworth to Alphonso Taft, Jan. 5, 1885, WHTP.
exonerated Campbell of all charges: Cin. Com. Gaz., Feb. 4, 1885.
“It was disastrous”: WHT to Alphonso Taft, Feb. 8, 1885, WHTP.
“whatever may be said”: Benjamin Butterworth to Alphonso Taft, Jan. 5, 1885, WHTP.
“I am very glad now . . . it could be tried”: WHT to Alphonso Taft, Feb. 8, 1885, WHTP.
“I was very much pleased”: Alphonso Taft to WHT, Mar. 3, 1885, WHTP.
“It is the beginning . . . his feeling toward me”: WHT to Alphonso Taft, Mar. 27, 1885, WHTP.
“I should not bow my head”: WHT to HHT, July 4, 1885, WHTP.
“double-faced Campbell man”: WHT to HHT, July 10, 1885, WHTP.
“instant sympathy . . . his type of mind”: Julia B. Foraker, I Would Live It Again: Memories of a Vivid Life (New York: Harper & Bros., 1932), p. 305.
“knew him well enough”: Joseph B. Foraker, Notes of a Busy Life (Cincinnati, OH: Stewart & Kidd Co., 1916), p. 237.
“a very bright young man”: Duffy, William Howard Taft, p. 14.
“Considering the opportunity”: Foraker, Notes of a Busy Life, p. 238.
“the welcome beginning”: HHT, Recollections of Full Years, p. 22.
“hands full attending to various affairs”: TR, Personal Diary, Oct. 18, 1880, TRP.
“It almost frightens me”: TR, Personal Diary, Oct. 17, 1880, TRP.
“Our intense happiness”: TR, Personal Diary, Oct. 27, 1880, TRP.
“equally matched” lawn tennis: TR, Personal Diary, Nov. 3, 1880, TRP.
reading poetry: TR to Martha Bulloch Roosevelt, Oct. 31, 1880, in LTR, Vol. 1, p. 47.
“an energetic questioner” . . . in his classmates: Putnam, Theodore Roosevelt: The Formative Years, p. 219.
“some of the teaching”: TR, An Autobiography, p. 54.
“we are concerned”: Robert Charles, “Legal Education in the Late Nineteenth Century, Through the Eyes of Theodore Roosevelt,” American Journal of Legal History (July 1993), p. 247.
more than 1,000 pages: Ibid., p. 246.
he impressed professors: Putnam, Theodore Roosevelt: The Formative Years, p. 219.
“I tried faithfully”: Riis, Theodore Roosevelt, pp. 36–37.
a volume in the Porcellian Club library: Ibid., p. 39.
“afflicted with a hatred”: Hermann Hagedorn, ed., The Naval War of 1812, Vol. 6 of The Works of Theodore Roosevelt [hereafter WTR] (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1926), p. 14.
“I spend most of my spare time”: TR, Personal Diary, May 2, 1881, TRP.
“a wonderfully open”: Christopher Gray, “Streetscapes: The Old Astor Library,” NYT, Feb. 10, 2002.
American historians, desiring to embellish: Riis, Theodore Roosevelt, pp. 39–40.
“We’re dining out”: Owen Wister, Roosevelt: The Story of a Friendship, 1880–1919 (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1930), p. 24.
“Alice is the best”: TR, Personal Diary, May 25, 1881, TRP.
“Altogether it would be difficult”: TR to CRR, June 16, 1881, in LTR, Vol. 1, pp. 48–49.
“I was anxious to go . . . to make it exciting”: TR to ARC, Aug. 5, 1881, in ibid., p. 49.
“You would be amused”: TR to ARC, Aug. 21, 1881, in ibid., p. 50.
“Am working fairly”: TR, Personal Diary, Oct. 17, 1881, TRP.
“were so dry”: TR, An Autobiography, p. 22.
“The volume is an excellent one”: NYT, June 5, 1882.
“a comparison with”: George T. Temple, “The Naval War of 1812,” The Academy, July 22, 1882.
“in the very first class”: TR to S. Van Duzer, in LTR, Vol. 1, p. 136.
“the first really satisfactory”: Frederick Jackson Turner, “The Winning of the West,” The Dial (August 1889).
“Everything was of interest”: John A. Gable, ed., The Man in the Arena: Speeches and Essays by Theodore Roosevelt (Oyster Bay, NY: Theodore Roosevelt Assoc., 1987), p. 1.
the “barn-like room over a saloon”: TR, An Autobiography, p. 56.
“to help the cause”: William Roscoe Thayer, Theodore Roosevelt: An Intimate Biography (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1919), p. 21.
district politics were “low . . . of the governing class”: TR, An Autobiography, p. 56.
“I went around there often”: Ibid., p. 57.
“He looked like a dude”: Hermann Hagedorn, The Boys’ Life of Theodore Roosevelt (New York: Harper & Bros., 1918), pp. 66–67.
“a fine head”: Ibid., p. 67.
“He was by nature”: TR, An Autobiography, p. 59.
the college-educated men and “the swells”: Hagedorn, The Boys’ Life, p. 70.
“of high character”: Thayer, Theodore Roosevelt: An Intimate Biography, p. 30.
the youngest president: While John F. Kennedy was the youngest man elected to the presidency, TR was still younger when he assumed the office after McKinley’s assassination.
“My first days”: TR, An Autobiography, p. 63.
“He came in as if”: Hermann Hagedorn, Isaac Hunt, and George F. Spinney, “Memorandum of Conversation at Dinner at the Harvard Club, 27 West 44th Street, New York City, September 20, 1923,” p. 42, TRC.
“He was like Moses”: Ibid., p. 17.
“an analysis of the character”: Ibid., p. 1.
“bad enough”: TR, Diary, Jan. 7, 1882, in LTR, Vol. 2, p. 1469.
“totally unable to speak”: TR, Diary, Jan. 24, 1882, in ibid., p. 1470.
“By God! . . . let me alone”: Hagedorn et al., “Memorandum of Conversation,” pp. 84–85, TRC.
“Why don’t your mother . . . The third quit cold”: Ethel Armes, “When T.R. Qualified as a Boxer,” unpublishe
d MS, pp. 1–2, TRC.
“When Taft gives way”: Leupp, “Taft and Roosevelt: A Composite Study,” Atlantic Monthly (November 1910), p. 649.
“very good men . . . very bad men”: TR, “Phases of State Legislation,” Century Illus. Monthly Mag. (April 1885), p. 820.
About thirty reporters . . . in the back of the chamber: “Diagrams of Senate and Assembly Chambers,” in Manual for the Use of the Legislature of the State of New York for the Year 1884 (Albany, NY: Weed, Parsons & Co., 1884), n.p.
“good-hearted man . . . honest laugh”: Hagedorn et al., “Memorandum of Conversation,” p. 49, TRC.
“vigor, thoroughness”: Leupp, “Taft and Roosevelt: A Composite Study,” Atlantic Monthly (November 1910), p. 649.
“He grew like . . . ninety percent of them did”: Hagedorn et al., “Memorandum of Conversation,” p. 41, TRC.
“a mighty tree”: Watertown [NY] Daily Times, May 13, 1939.
“He would go away . . . grew right away from me”: Hagedorn et al., “Memorandum of Conversation,” pp. 40–41, TRC.
“It was Roosevelt’s habit”: William C. Hudson, Random Recollections of an Old Political Reporter (New York: Cupples & Leon, 1911), pp. 144–45.
Judge Westbrook’s collusion: NYT, Dec. 27, 1881.
“We went after him”: Hagedorn et al., “Memorandum of Conversation,” p. 13, TRC.
Gould had amassed railroads . . . system for the city: Matthew Josephson, The Robber Barons: The Great American Capitalists, 1861–1901 (New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1964), pp. 194–95, 209.
A burdensome lawsuit: Ibid., p. 209.
the Gould syndicate began buying . . . rose sharply: NYT, Dec. 27, 1881.
who “prostituted” himself . . . “the wolf the sheep”: Brooklyn Eagle, Dec. 30, 1881, reprinted in NYT, Dec. 31, 1881, Clipping Scrapbook, TRC.
“dignity and respect . . . rings and cliques”: Auburn [NY] Advertiser, Dec. 28, 1881, reprinted in NYT, Dec. 30, 1881, Clipping Scrapbook, TRC.
“remain silent”: Waterbury [CT] Republican-American, Dec. 28, 1881, reprinted in ibid.
Hunt suggested that Roosevelt: Hagedorn et al., “Memorandum of Conversation,” p. 1, TRC.
“but would not take it up”: Ibid., pp. 7–8.
“an energetic . . . cross-questioned him”: Pringle, Theodore Roosevelt: A Biography, p. 71.
“the presses in the basement”: George F. Spinney, “The Westbrook Scandal,” p. 5, TRC.
“I am willing to go”: TR, An Autobiography, p. 75.
“never been explained”: New York Evening Post, Mar. 30, 1882, Clipping Scrapbook, TRC.
“By Jove!”: Hagedorn et al., “Memorandum of Conversation,” p. 9, TRC.
“Mr. Roosevelt correctly states”: NYT, Mar. 30, 1882.
“Roosevelt suddenly interrupted . . . grew silent”: Spinney, “The Westbrook Scandal,” p. 7, TRC.
“slowly and clearly”: Ibid., pp. 7–8.
“The men who . . . demand such an investigation”: Ibid., pp. 10–11.
“Beyond a shadow . . . to be trifled with”: Ibid., pp. 11–12.
“the day’s proceedings”: Ibid., p. 13.
“I have drawn blood”: TR to Alice Hathaway Lee Roosevelt, April 5, 1882, in Nathan Miller, Theodore Roosevelt: A Life (New York: William Morrow, 1992), p. 135.
“Mr. Roosevelt has a most refreshing”: NYT, April 6, 1882, Clipping Scrapbook, TRC.
“Before any official . . . in a newspaper”: New York World, April 12, 1882, Clipping Scrapbook, TRC.
“like water poured”: Hagedorn et al., “Memorandum of Conversation,” p. 16, TRC.
“it was a good thing . . . business, or politics”: TR, An Autobiography, p. 77.
“By the time”: Hagedorn et al., “Memorandum of Conversation,” p. 12, TRC.
Hunt later alleged . . . $2,500 each: Hermann Hagedorn and Isaac Hunt, “Conversation Re: Westbrook Affair,” unpublished MS, p. 2, TRC.
“was dancing and jumping”: Ibid., p. 4.
“To you, members”: Putnam, Theodore Roosevelt: The Formative Years, p. 271.
“deathless silence”: Hagedorn and Hunt, “Conversation Re: Westbrook Affair,” p. 4, TRC.
“It was apparent”: Spinney, “The Westbrook Scandal,” p. 24, TRC.
“The action of the Assembly”: New York Herald, June 1, 1882, Clipping Scrapbook, TRC.
“A Miscarriage of Justice . . . the general verdict”: Quoted in NYT, June 2, 1882.
“won his spurs . . . anybody’s esteem”: Hagedorn and Hunt, “Conversation Re: Westbrook Affair,” pp. 2, 4, TRC.
“Roosevelt’s name”: Spinney, “The Westbrook Scandal,” p. 29, TRC.
“I rose like a rocket . . . not all-important”: TR to TR, Jr., Oct. 20, 1903, in LTR, Vol. 3, p. 635.
“My head was”: Riis, Theodore Roosevelt, p. 58.
“a perfect nuisance”: Hagedorn et al., “Memorandum of Conversation,” p. 26, TRC.
“so explosive”: Ibid., p. 19.
“a damn fool”: Ibid., p. 16.
“he yelled . . . the venom imaginary”: Ibid.
“as a paper of . . . rotten”: Ibid., p. 4.
“down the roll from Polk”: TR, Mar. 9, 1883, in Hermann Hagedorn, ed., Campaigns and Controversies, Vol. 14 of WTR, p. 19.
“absolutely deserted . . . powerless to accomplish”: Riis, Theodore Roosevelt, p. 59.
“I thereby learned”: TR, An Autobiography, p. 85.
“I turned in to help”: Riis, Theodore Roosevelt, p. 59.
“exceedingly unattractive persons . . . conditions of laborers”: TR, “A Judicial Experience,” Outlook, Mar. 13, 1909, p. 563.
“one of the most dreadful”: Samuel Gompers and Stuart B. Kaufman, eds., The Making of a Union Leader, 1850–1886, Vol. 1 of The Samuel Gompers Papers (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1986), p. 172.
“actual character of the evils”: Ibid.
Gompers . . . published comprehensive reports: Samuel Gompers, Seventy Years of Life and Labor; An Autobiography (New York: E. P. Dutton, 1925), p. 59.
“a breeding ground . . . to a sewer”: Gompers and Kaufman, eds., The Making of a Union Leader, p. 174.
“dark and gloomy” . . . seemed like night: Ibid., p. 176.
“if the conditions described”: Gompers, Seventy Years of Life and Labor, p. 60.
“a good deal shocked”: TR, “A Judicial Experience,” Outlook, Mar. 13, 1909, p. 563.
“overwhelming majority . . . scraps of food”: TR, An Autobiography, p. 80.
“convinced beyond”: TR, “A Judicial Experience,” Outlook, Mar. 13, 1909, p. 564.
“a dangerous departure”: Howard L. Hurwitz, Theodore Roosevelt and Labor in New York State, 1880–1900 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1942), p. 82.
“fundamental rights”: Ibid., p. 85.
“injurious to the public health”: NYT, Jan. 30, 1884; George F. Spinney, “Memorandum on the Tenement-house Cigar Manufacturing Measure,” unpublished MS, n.d., TRC.
“a disinfectant”: Hurwitz, Theodore Roosevelt and Labor, p. 85.
“It was this case . . . reform ever received”: TR, An Autobiography, p. 81.
“do for the City”: NYT, April 10, 1883.
“he would deliver”: Hagedorn et al., “Memorandum of Conversation,” p. 39, TRC.
“only chance lay”: TR, An Autobiography, p. 87.
his patrician circle . . . “have been nominated”: Ibid., pp. 86–87.
“to accomplish far more”: Ibid., p. 86.
“the creatures of the local ward bosses”: Ibid., p. 82.
“I feel now”: TR to Alice Hathaway Lee Roosevelt, Jan. 22, 1884, in LTR, Vol. 1, p. 64.
“great night . . . he’d had enough”: Armes, “When T.R. Qualified as a Boxer,” pp. 1–2, TRC.
“in my own lovely”: TR, Personal Diary, Jan. 3, 1883, TRP.
“How I did . . . be with you again”: TR to Alice Hathaway Lee Roosevelt, Feb. 6, 1884, in LTR, Vol. 1, p. 65.
“ha
ted” to see him . . . “little new baby soon”: Michael Teague, “Theodore Roosevelt and Alice Hathaway Lee: A New Perspective,” Harvard Library Bulletin (Summer 1985), pp. 237–38.
Alice was thrilled: Anna Bulloch Gracie, “Account of Alice Roosevelt’s Birth, March 25, 1884,” TRC.
“He was full of life and happiness”: Putnam, Theodore Roosevelt: The Formative Years, pp. 382–83.
“only fairly well”: Grondahl, I Rose Like a Rocket, p. 129.
signs of acute Bright’s disease: J. O. Affleck, “Bright’s Disease,” in T. S. Baynes, D. O. Kellogg, and W. R. Smith, eds., Encyclopaedia Britannica (New York: Werner Co., 1898), Vol. 4, pp. 345–46.
“somewhat insidiously . . . coma vigil”: J. O. Affleck, “Typhus, Typhoid and Relapsing Fevers,” in ibid., pp. 678–80.
“suicidal . . . and dismal”: NYT, Feb. 13, 1884.
Visibility was . . . off its tracks: NYT, Feb. 14, 1884.
“There is . . . something”: NYT, Feb. 13, 1884.
“There is a curse”: Pringle, Theodore Roosevelt: A Biography, p. 51.
“The light has gone out of my life”: TR, Personal Diary, Feb. 14, 1884, TRP.
“Seldom, if ever”: New York World, Feb. 15, 1884.
“wholly unprecedented . . . has ever been held”: TR, In Memory of My Darling Wife, Alice Hathaway Roosevelt, and of My Beloved Mother, Martha Bulloch Roosevelt, Who Died in the Same House and on the Same Day on February 14, 1884 (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, n.d.), TRC.
“in a dazed, stunned . . . does or says”: Putnam, Theodore Roosevelt: The Formative Years, p. 390.
“I fear he sleeps little”: McCullough, Mornings on Horseback, p. 286.
“If I had very much time”: TR, Personal Diary, Mar. 6, 1878, TRP.
“I shall come back”: TR to Andrew Dickson White, Feb. 18, 1884, in LTR, Vol. 1, p. 65.
“a changed man . . . in his own soul”: Hagedorn et al., “Memorandum of Conversation,” p. 68, TRC.
“We spent three years”: TR, Personal Diary, Feb. 17, 1884, TRP.
referred to her simply as “Baby Lee”: TR to ARC, various dates, in LTR, Vol. 1, pp. 71, 79.
“There can never be”: TR to Henry Davis Minot, Feb. 21 & Mar. 9, 1884, TRC.
“both weak and morbid”: TR to CRR, Mar. 7, 1908, in LTR, Vol. 6, p. 966.
shared her birthday: Grondahl, I Rose Like a Rocket, p. 129.
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