“Oh, things . . . sitting on the lid”: NYT, April 4, 1905; Van Wert [OH] Daily Bulletin, April 5, 1905.
“grave and exacting problems”: Washington Times and Van Wert [OH] Daily Bulletin, April 5, 1905.
“Chair of the President . . . Sec’y of War”: Harper’s Weekly, April 15, 1905.
“acting President . . . all executive departments”: Van Wert [OH] Daily Bulletin, April 5, 1905.
“the unusual sight”: NYT, April 4, 1905.
“William Howard Taft”: Cleveland Leader, cited in Van Wert [OH] Daily Bulletin, April 5, 1905.
a treaty was negotiated: TR, “Message to Congress,” Dec. 3, 1903, in WTR, Vol. 15, pp. 202–12.
“I took the Canal Zone”: Bishop, Theodore Roosevelt and His Time, Vol. 1, p. 308.
“that Roosevelt had . . . value to the country”: Viola Roseboro to Ada Pierce McCormick [n.d.], 1929, IMTC.
“You cannot conceive”: Baltimore Sun, Feb. 22, 1904.
“He had an enormous”: Burton, William Howard Taft, in the Public Service, p. 44.
the commission was authorized to establish: TR to WHT, May 9, 1904, in LTR, Vol. 4, pp. 788–89.
“really enough to occupy”: Pringle, Life and Times, Vol. 1, pp. 280, 284.
“an independent colony”: TR to WHT, Oct. 18, 1904, in LTR, Vol. 4, p. 986.
A small band of soldiers: WHT to Charles P. Taft, Nov. 17, 1904, WHTP.
“The whole atmosphere . . . cries of ‘Viva!’ ”: HHT, Recollections of Full Years, pp. 284, 287–89.
merely “experimental”: David McCullough, The Path Between the Seas: The Creation of the Panama Canal, 1870–1914 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1977), p. 449.
When a virulent outbreak: Ibid., p. 452.
“Here again”: TR to WHT, April 20, 1905, in LTR, Vol. 4, p. 1165.
eventually called for Wallace to resign: McCullough, The Path Between the Seas, p. 457.
“You are handling everything”: TR to WHT, April 8, 1905, in LTR, Vol. 4, p. 1158.
“keeping the lid on”: TR to WHT, April 20, 1905, in ibid., p. 1161.
“You are on the ground”: Ibid., p. 1165.
“I wish you knew Taft”: TR to George Trevelyan, May 13, 1905, in ibid., p. 1173.
“Taft, by the way”: TR to John Hay, May 6, 1905, in ibid., p. 1168.
“everything was in good”: T. H. Pardo de Tavera to WHT, May 6, 1905, WHTP.
lost its “Pole star”: WHT to TR, Jan. 19, 1905; WHT to HHT, Sept. 24, 1905, WHTP.
“discontent”: T. H. Pardo de Tavera to WHT, Feb. 5, 1905, WHTP.
“the only man who can”: T. H. Pardo de Tavera to WHT, May 6, 1905, WHTP.
Taft assembled a party of eighty people: WHT to Charles P. Taft, July 24, 1905, WHTP.
“I doubt if so formidable”: WHT to H. C. Corbin, Mar. 14, 1905, in Pringle, Life and Times, Vol. 1, p. 293.
“Just heard sad news”: WHT to TR, July 1, 1905, TRP.
“If it were not” . . . ask Elihu Root to take Hay’s place: TR to WHT, July 3, 1905, in LTR, Vol. 4, p. 1260.
“hesitated a little . . . no room for doubt”: TR to HCL, July 11, 1905, in ibid., p. 1271.
Taft dispelled any qualms: Ibid., p. 1272.
“My dear fellow”: TR to WHT, July 6, 1905, in ibid., p. 1261.
“I do not think”: ARL, Crowded Hours, p. 69.
“The party has been”: WHT to TR, July 13, 1905, TRP.
Friends and family had warned Taft: Horace Taft to WHT, Mar. 7, 1905; HHT to WHT, July 13, 1905, WHTP.
“She is quite amenable” . . . Nevertheless, he remained troubled: WHT to HHT, Sept. 24, 1905, WHTP.
stories about the “fast set”: WHT to HHT, Mar. 28, 1904, WHTP.
“She seems to be”: WHT to HHT, July 31, 1905, WHTP.
“looked almost unreal”: Boston Daily Globe, Aug. 8, 1905.
“usually confined to husband”: WHT to HHT, Sept. 24, 1905, WHTP.
“I think I ought to know . . . more or less”: ARL, Crowded Hours, p. 88.
Guns boomed . . . for the welcoming ceremony: Galveston [TX] Daily News, Aug. 8, 1905.
“the Philippines for . . . would be recalled”: San Francisco Call, Aug. 12, 1905.
The Filipino people: New York Tribune, Aug. 13, 1905.
“of sufficient rank . . . entertain the party”: WHT to HHT, Sept. 24, 1905, WHTP.
a “very handsome ball”: Ibid.
“a long way in cementing”: Mabel T. Boardman, “A Woman’s Impressions of the Philippines,” Outlook, Feb. 24, 1906.
Lodging with the Legardas: WHT to HHT, Sept. 24, 1905, Taft WHTP.
“All day long”: Boardman, “A Woman’s Impressions,” Outlook, Feb. 24, 1906.
“utterly lacking in . . . of the government”: WHT to HHT, Sept. 24, 1905, WHTP.
“restore the old condition” . . . considered friends: Ibid.
Taft and his entourage “made the round”: New York Tribune, Aug. 24, 1905.
small boats . . . and farmers: Boardman, “A Woman’s Impressions,” Outlook, Feb. 24, 1906.
“a happy sea change . . . working out admirably”: New York Tribune, Aug. 24, 1905.
“It was a great trip . . . due to your example”: S. Young to WHT, Sept. 11, 1905, WHTP.
Taft secretly met . . . lasting consequences for the region: Bradley, The Imperial Cruise, pp. 249–50.
Roosevelt had closely followed: Howard K. Beale, Theodore Roosevelt and the Rise of America to World Power (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1956), p. 242.
From the start, he had sympathized: TR to WHT, April 20, 1905, in LTR, Vol. 4, pp. 1162–63.
he recognized . . . upsetting the balance of power: TR to WHT, April 8, 1905, in ibid., pp. 1158–59.
He was delighted . . . facilitate peace talks: WHT to TR, April 25, 1905, TRP.
curtailed his hunting expedition: TR to WHT, April 27, 1905, in LTR, Vol. 4, p. 1167.
Concealing the fact that the Japanese had initiated: TR to HCL, June 5, 1905, in ibid., p. 1202.
“open direct negotiations . . . and place of meeting”: Literary Digest, June 17, 1905.
“It is recognized”: New York Tribune, cited in ibid.
“a demonstrative welcome”: Minneapolis Tribune, July 25, 1905.
“Korea being the direct cause . . . without the consent of Japan”: WHT to TR, July 29, 1905, TRP.
“not harbor any . . . I know you can or will correct it”: Ibid.
“Your conversation with Count Katsura”: TR to WHT, July 31, 1905, in LTR, Vol. 4, p. 1293.
the peace envoys . . . met with the president: Newark [OH] Advocate, Aug. 5, 1905.
a buffet lunch: Morris, Theodore Rex, p. 407.
“prostrate in the enemy’s hands” . . . extract an “indemnity”: San Francisco Call, Aug. 12, 1905.
“I am having my hair”: TR to Kermit Roosevelt, Aug. 25, 1905, in TR et al., Letters to Kermit from Theodore Roosevelt, p. 109.
In the end, the president persuaded the Japanese: Beale, TR and the Rise of America, pp. 255–62.
“hearty and vigorous”: Galveston [TX] Daily News, Oct. 3, 1905; New York Sun, Oct. 3, 1905.
“We had a most interesting”: James R. Garfield to Helen N. Garfield, Oct. 3, 1905, Garfield Papers.
“The city is all one”: LS, “Ohio: A Tale of Two Cities,” McClure’s (July 1905), pp. 310–11.
“full of falsehoods”: Lima [OH] Daily News, June 26, 1905.
“subservient” to Cox . . . systemic graft: Washington Times, Oct. 22, 1905.
“The stampede from”: Lima [OH] Daily News, July 24, 1905.
“Governor Herrick . . . in line”: LS to TR, Aug. 7, 1905, TRP.
“a most adroit”: Lima [OH] Times-Democrat, Oct. 25, 1905.
Public condemnation . . . “not pleasant” for Taft: WHT to Howard Hollister, Oct. 3, 1905, WHTP.
“the official organ”: New Castle [PA] News, July 26, 1905.
“Any pain you feel”: WHT to Charles P. Taft, July 26, 1
905, WHTP.
felt bound to declare: WHT to HHT, Oct. 5, 1905, WHTP.
Delivered before an overflowing audience: Washington Post, Oct. 22, 1905.
“the most severe rebuke . . . president’s cabinet”: Hamilton [OH] Democrat, Oct. 23, 1905.
“Cox and Coxism”: Elyria [OH] Republican, Oct. 26, 1905.
“a local despotism”: Washington Times, Oct. 22, 1905.
“distressing effect . . . the Republican organization”: Ibid.; Pringle, Life and Times, Vol. 1, p. 269.
“made clear the difference” . . . others would do the same: Van Wert [OH] Daily Bulletin, Oct 24, 1905.
perpetuate the Cox machine . . . “his State and his party”: Washington Times, Oct. 22, 1905.
“scathing denunciation”: Lima [OH] Times-Democrat, Oct. 25, 1905.
“like the explosion”: Newark [OH] Advocate, Oct. 23, 1905.
“We had about come”: Benjamin Butterworth to WHT, Oct. 26, 1905, WHTP.
“You are the only man”: Powel Crosley to WHT, Oct. 24, 1905, WHTP.
“You have done more good”: Howard Hollister to WHT, Oct. 23, 1905, WHTP.
But Taft’s hope . . . proved vain: LS, The Struggle for Self-Government, p. 208.
“Do not concern yourself”: Myron Herrick to WHT, Nov. 15, 1905, WHTP.
a new Republican Club: Howard Hollister to WHT, Dec. 6 & 15, 1905, Feb. 1, 1906, WHTP; Van Wert [OH] Daily Bulletin, Mar. 14, 1906.
“Roosevelt Republican Club”: Van Wert [OH] Daily Bulletin, Mar. 14, 1906.
“disabuse the public mind”: Howard Hollister to WHT, Sept. 28, 1905, WHTP.
a dramatic “Oil War”: IMT, “Roosevelt vs. Rockefeller,” The American Magazine (December 1907), p. 119.
“Kansas is in the clutches”: Hutchinson [KS] News, Feb. 2, 1905.
“On the instant”: IMT, All in the Day’s Work, p. 244.
“put on the screws” . . . a year later: WAW, “The Kansas Conscience,” The Reader (October 1905), p. 489.
“the only transporter and buyer”: IMT, “Roosevelt vs. Rockefeller,” The American Magazine (December 1907), p. 119.
“a first-class” state refinery . . . “to be reasonable”: IMT, All in the Day’s Work, p. 249.
“without a market . . . men out of work”: Colorado Springs Gazette, Mar. 13, 1905.
“was punishing Kansas . . . Well, we’ll see about that!”: IMT, “Kansas and the Standard Oil Company: A Narrative of Today, Part II,” McClure’s (October 1905), p. 618.
“from oppression” . . . refined products: Atlanta Daily Democrat, Feb. 20, 1905.
“hardly a secret” . . . instigated by the administration: Hutchinson [KS] News, Feb. 17, 1905.
“a rigid and . . . in the Kansas field”: Janesville [WI] Daily Gazette, Feb. 18, 1905.
Garfield planned to travel to Kansas: Syracuse [NY] Herald, June 14, 1908.
“most important investigation”: Literary Digest, Mar. 4, 1905.
Although passage of the House resolution: Waterloo [IA] Times-Tribune, Feb. 21, 1905.
“What would you think”: IMT to JSP, Feb. 18, 1905, Phillips MSS.
“rank as one”: San Francisco Call, Aug. 12, 1905.
“is to the present time”: The Critic, April 1905, p. 287.
“darkened” her world: IMT, All in the Day’s Work, p. 245.
“built himself into”: IMT to Jessie Baker, Jan. 1, 1910, RSB Papers.
“I have thought” . . . dignify the Tarbell name: McClure to IMT, Mar. 29, 1905, IMTC.
“pathetic & characteristic” impulse: Ibid.
“with a heavy heart” . . . coming of “a prophet”: IMT, All in the Day’s Work, pp. 245, 247.
“unfair and illegal . . . all the world”: Iola [KS] Daily Register, Mar. 15, 1905.
Local journalists trailed her: IMT to Albert Boyden, April 4, 1905, IMT Papers.
she hoped “to Heaven” . . . “until I have a hearing!”: IMT to Albert Boyden, Mar. 20, 1905, IMT Papers.
would be “a good thing”: Iola [KS] Daily Register, Mar. 16, 1905.
serve “as a measuring stick”: IMT, All in the Day’s Work, p. 249.
“Build your own . . . all pipelines common carriers”: Marysville [OH] Tribune, April 20, 1905.
“the biggest mass meeting . . . has never done”: Lima [OH] Times-Democrat, Mar. 20, 1905.
“Jehoshaphat! . . . hopeless for cleansing”: IMT, All in the Day’s Work, pp. 245–46.
“The wonder is . . . a gusher”: IMT to JSP, Mar. 28, 1905, Phillips MSS.
“new town of Tulsa . . . paraded up and down”: IMT, All in the Day’s Work, pp. 247–48.
“submitted to five sittings”: Muskogee [OK] Democrat, Mar. 27, 1905.
she was called upon: Albert Boyden to RSB, Mar. 21, 1905, RSB Papers.
“city-shy” boy . . . “loyalty for his state”: IMT, All in the Day’s Work, p. 259.
“The new thing . . . in any of its previous fights”: Emporia [KS] Gazette, April 3, 1905.
“as much a moral issue . . . guilty of similar practices”: Emporia [KS] Gazette, April 10, 1905.
“I stayed and stayed”: Marysville [OH] Tribune, April 20, 1905.
“if one wants” . . . colluding with railroads: IMT, “Kansas and the Standard Oil Company: A Narrative of Today, Part I,” McClure’s (September 1905), p. 470.
“we take it”: Wall Street Journal, Aug. 26, 1905.
“nearly all of the great fields”: U.S. Government and James Rudolph Garfield, Report of the Commissioner of Corporations on the Transportation of Petroleum: May 2, 1906 [hereafter Garfield Report] (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1906), p. xix.
“Do read”: Helen N. Garfield to James R. Garfield, April 13, 1905, Garfield Papers.
he had borrowed Tarbell’s collection: James R. Garfield to IMT, June 11, 1906, IMTC.
“I shall try to find the truth”: James R. Garfield to Helen N. Garfield, July 16, 1905, Garfield Papers.
“unjust and illegal”: Garfield Report, pp. xx–xxi.
“All the power”: Estherville [IA] Enterprise, May 9, 1906.
“the most severe arraignment”: The News (Frederick, MD), May 12, 1906.
“a high official source . . . Ida Tarbell’s Magazine Articles”: Laredo [TX] Times, May 9, 1906.
“All that Ida Tarbell told”: Alton [IL] Evening Telegraph, May 14, 1906.
“a vindication” of her methods: Estherville [IA] Enterprise, May 9, 1906.
validated now by the official seal: Laredo [TX] Times, May 9, 1906.
“can prove all he says”: Boston Daily Globe, May 5, 1906.
“If my report affords . . . conspiracy and monopoly”: James R. Garfield to Helen N. Garfield, June 24, 1906, Garfield Papers.
On the day the ruling was handed down: Daily Californian (Bakersfield, CA), Aug. 3, 1907.
“sledgehammer blows”: San Antonio [TX] Light, Aug. 4, 1907.
Standard’s corrupting influence: Oakland [CA] Tribune, Aug. 4, 1907.
Never before . . . such inflamed rhetoric: San Antonio [TX] Light, Aug. 4, 1907.
Landis levied the highest possible fine: Allan Nevins, John D. Rockefeller (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1959), p. 325.
“I expected it”: Ron Chernow, Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller, Sr. (New York: Random House, 1998), p. 541.
“beginning of the end” . . . or face ruin: Logansport [IN] Journal, Aug. 11, 1907.
“Judge Landis”: Daniel Yergin, The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991), p. 92.
“It’s nothing more than we expected”: Emporia [KS] Gazette, July 26, 1908.
“a gross miscarriage of justice”: Cedar Rapids [IA] Evening Gazette, Sept. 19, 1908.
“too much power in the bench”: IMT, All in the Day’s Work, p. 259.
“the government [had] finally”: Des Moines Daily News, Nov. 19, 1906.
“The petition of the US government”: Paducah [KY] Evening Sun, Nov. 15, 1906.
“Every essential charge . . . was Ida Tarbell”: Des Moines Daily News, Nov. 19, 1906.
“not because it is a trust”: Indianapolis Star, May 17, 1911.
a similar judgment: Pringle, Life and Times, Vol. 2, p. 665.
Standard Oil was given six months to dissolve: Portsmouth [OH] Daily Times, May 16, 1911.
“Buy Standard Oil”: Chernow, Titan, p. 554.
Even when the corporate “octopus”: Brady, Ida Tarbell, p. 158.
“to carry on . . . by civil or criminal proceedings”: TR, “Seventh Annual Message, December 3, 1907,” in WTR, Vol. 15, p. 420.
“The fundamental idea . . . enterprising an exponent”: Hartford [CT] Times, cited in Public Opinion, Dec. 15, 1904.
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN: The American People Reach a Verdict
“there are several eminent”: TR to Cecil Spring Rice, Feb. 27, 1905, in LTR, Vol. 4, p. 1129.
“the people at large . . . the plutocracy”: TR to Cecil Spring Rice, Dec. 27, 1904, in ibid., p. 1083.
“a dreadful calamity . . . grievances”: TR to Philander Chase Knox, Nov. 10, 1904, in ibid., p. 1023.
“Above all else”: TR, “Fourth Annual Message, Dec. 6, 1904,” in WTR, Vol. 15, pp. 226–27.
This exclusive circle could effectively determine: Baker speech, Boston Daily Globe, Dec. 17, 1905; New York Tribune, Dec. 19, 1905.
the industry had remained essentially unregulated: George E. Mowry, The Era of Theodore Roosevelt, 1900–1912 (New York: Harper & Bros., 1958), pp. 198–99.
“Until the transportation problem”: IMT, “The History of the Standard Oil Company: Conclusion,” McClure’s (October 1904), p. 671.
“the story was always the same”: Patrick F. Palermo, Lincoln Steffens (Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1978), p. 42.
“came from the top”: Ibid., p. 42.
“seized the government”: LS, The Struggle for Self-Government, p. 209.
“the actual sovereign”: LS, The Autobiography, p. 564.
“the Railroad problem”: RSB to J. Stannard Baker, Sept. 14, 1905, RSB Papers.
“eager for more dragons”: RSB, American Chronicle, p. 190.
“the real facts . . . servant of democracy”: RSB, Notebook [n.d.], 1905, RSB Papers.
“far more important”: RSB to J. Stannard Baker, Mar. 1, 1905, RSB Papers.
Baker started by examining . . . on the railroad industry: RSB, American Chronicle, p. 190.
The Bully Pulpit: Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and the Golden Age of Journalism Page 125