], [>]
in The Makropulos Case (Janáĉek), [>]–[>]
Marian Anderson’s debut at, [>]
meeting Marian Anderson at, [>]–[>]
performing The Songs of a Wayfarer (Mahler) with Nureyev, [>]–[>]
radio broadcasts, [>]–[>]
refusal to allow Marian Anderson to sing, [>]–[>]
slow acceptance of African American performers, [>]
middle school students
Janie Norman’s interest in teaching, [>], [>]–[>]
participation in sit-ins and marches during, [>]
See also A. R. Johnson Junior High School
Mitterrand, President François, [>], [>]
moisture, impact on voice quality and instruments, [>]
Moll, Phillip, [>]–[>], [>]
“Mon coeur s’ouvre à ta voix,” Samson and Delilah (Saint-Saëns), [>]
Monk, Meredith, [>]
Morrison, Toni, [>]–[>]
Mount Calvary Baptist Church, Augusta, GA
church choir, [>], [>]–[>]
church missionaries group, [>]
deacon “meetings” at the barbershop, [>]
emotional intensity of sermons, [>]–[>]
friendships through, [>]–[>]
incident involving false rape accusation, [>]–[>]
Janie Norman’s role as auditor of, [>]
Sunday school, [>]
unauthorized filming in for 60 Minutes, [>]
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus
The Marriage of Figaro, [>]
use of music by for pain relief, [>]
Mozart Hall, Konzerthaus, Vienna, debut performance at, [>]
Munich, Germany. See Bayerischer Rundfunk Internationaler Musikwettbewerb
Musée d’Orsay, state dinner at, [>]–[>]
MUSE/IQUE orchestra, [>]
music
and the creation of spiritual spaces, [>], [>]–[>]
diversity of, opening up to, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
power and meaning of, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
See also audiences, performing; operatic roles; singers, professional and specific musical works and composers
“To Music” (“An die Musik”) (Schubert), [>]
music critics, social interactions with, [>]–[>]
“My Country, ’Tis of Thee,” [>], [>]
“My heart at thy sweet voice,” Samson and Delilah (Saint-Saëns), [>]–[>]
“On My Journey, Now,” [>]
My Lord, What a Morning (Marian Anderson), [>]
“My Lord, What a Morning,” [>]
“My songs lie gently on the wind” (“Leise flehen meine Lieder”) (Schubert), [>]
NAACP
Augusta Youth Chapter, [>], [>]
Norman family’s activities with, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Jordan’s legal work on behalf of, [>]
Parks’s early work with, [>]
Spingarn Medal award ceremony, [>]–[>]
Nagasaki, Japan, [>]
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. See NAACP
National Botanical Garden of France, [>]
National Endowment for the Arts, National Medal of Arts, [>]–[>]
Native American ancestry, partial, [>]
Negro History Week, [>]
nephews, joy from, [>]–[>]
Newnham College, Cambridge, England, honorary fellowship, [>]
Newton, John (“Amazing Grace”), [>]–[>]
New York Botanical Garden, [>]–[>]
New York City Ballet, [>]
New York City Center, How! Do! We! Do! [>]
New York Philharmonic orchestra, television performances, [>]
Nietzsche, Friedrich, [>]
Nilsson, Birgit, [>]
Nixon, (then Vice President) Richard, [>]–[>]
Nobel Peace Prize, [>]–[>]
Norman, Elaine (sister)
at Austrian award ceremony, [>]
cooking skills, [>]
unauthorized filming of by 60 Minutes, [>]
Norman, George (brother), [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Norman, Howard (brother), [>], [>]
Norman, Janie King (mother)
career as middle school teacher, educator, [>]–[>]
desire to please, make happy, [>]
focus on family, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
as heroine, role model, [>]–[>]
high expectations for children, [>], [>]–[>]
importance of clothing to, [>]
kindness and respect shown others, [>]–[>], [>]
and the “King” name, [>]
love for Hughes’s poetry, [>]
love for music, singing, [>]
marriage, [>]
service to church and community, [>]
support for JN assertiveness, [>]
voter registration work, [>]
work ethic, [>]
Norman, Silas, Jr. (brother)
activism as student at Paine College, [>]
efforts to play grandparents’ harmonium, [>]
on Grandma Mamie’s singing in church, [>]–[>]
as Dr. King’s escort during visit to Augusta, [>]–[>]
learning about ways of men from, [>]–[>]
presentation of Spingarn Medal to his sister, [>]
teasing by, [>]
Norman, Silas, Sr. (father)
acceptance of differences of opinion, [>]
adherence to Christian doctrine, [>]–[>]
attentiveness to and time spent with children, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
desire to please, make happy, [>]
high expectations for children, [>], [>], [>]–[>]
kindness and respect for others, [>], [>]
leadership positions, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
lessons in history and politics, [>], [>]–[>]
marriage, [>]
mother’s death, [>]
as philosopher and mentor, [>]
weekend carpentry projects, [>]–[>]
work life, [>], [>]–[>]
North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company, [>], [>]
Nureyev, Rudolf, [>]–[>], [>]
Obama, President Barack, [>], [>]–[>]
“Ode” (O’Shaughnessy), [>]
L’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, [>]
Oedipus Rex (Stravinsky), [>], [>]–[>]
“Oh, Freedom,” [>]
Oh, Freedom medley, [>]–[>]
“Oh, Glory!” [>]
“O Holiest of Virgins” (“Allmächt’ge Jungfrau”), Tannhäuser (Wagner), [>]–[>], [>]
Olivier, Laurence, [>]
“O namenlose Freude” (“Oh Joy Beyond Naming”), Fidelio (Beethoven), [>]
Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, [>]–[>]
O’Neill, Congressman Thomas “Tip,” [>]
one-person operas, [>]–[>]
Opéra-Comique, Paris, France, Dido and Aeneas at, [>]
operatic roles, opera
and archaic or inaccurate translations, [>]–[>]
challenges of listening to, [>]
communicating the essence of characters, [>], [>]
Dido, in Les Troyens (Berlioz), [>]
and the diverse skills of performers, [>]
Elisabeth in Tannhäuser (Wagner), [>], [>]
Emilia Marty in The Makropulos Case, [>]
Erwartung (Schoenberg), [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
exposure to as child, [>]–[>]
for females, [>]
from the Italian opera, [>]–[>]
Jocasta in Oedipus Rex (Stravinsky), [>]–[>]
multidimensional, preference for, [>]
new, learning, [>]–[>]
one-person operas, [>]
pacing, [>], [>], [>]
performing in concert version, [>]
Phèdre in Hippolyte et Aricie (Rameau), [>]–[>]
physical requirements, [>], [>]
and simultaneous translations, [>]
stage sets, lighting,
costumes, [>]
United States debut, [>]
Wagner’s, [>]
See also performing; rehearsals; singers and specific operas and composers
opinions, learning to defend, [>], [>]
Orchestre de Paris, performance with, [>]
orchids, [>]–[>]
organ, pedal, in grandparents’ house, [>]
Orlando, FL, NAACP Spingarn Medal award ceremony, [>]–[>]
Orlando Opera, FL, Aida in concert version, [>]
O’Shaughnessy, Arthur (“Ode”), [>]
Oslo, Norway, performance honoring Pres. Jimmy Carter, [>]–[>]
Othello, Paul Robeson’s portrayal of, [>]
Ozawa, Seiji
collaborating with on Oedipus Rex, [>]–[>]
Matsumoto Music Festival, [>], [>]–[>]
recording Carmen with, [>]–[>]
pacing, [>], [>], [>]
Paine College, Augusta, GA
brother’s activism at, [>]
Marian Anderson’s concert at, [>]–[>]
Mark Fax as teacher at, [>]
white professors, [>]
Panofka, approach to vocal training, [>]
Pappenheim, Marie, [>]–[>]
parents
civil rights activities, [>], [>]
desire to please, [>]–[>]
faith, [>]
high expectations, high standards, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
pride in African American heritage, [>]
pride in JN’s accomplishments, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
stage parents, [>]
Paris, France
as artists’ colony for black expatriates, [>]–[>]
Great Day in the Morning (Wilson) performance, 1982, [>]–[>]
riot at Le Sacre du Printemps premiere, [>]
student protests and general unrest, [>]
See also “La Marseillaise”
Parks, Rosa, [>], [>]–[>]
Parsons, Geoffrey, [>], [>]
Pasadena, CA, [>]
Paschal, Mrs. (Sunday school superintendent), [>]
passage of time, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
The Passion Play, Salzburg summer festival, [>]–[>]
Peabody Conservatory, Baltimore, [>], [>]
Pérez de Cuéllar, Secretary-General Javier, [>]
performing, performances
at after-church gatherings, [>]–[>]
calmness about, [>]
concert and opera performances, [>]–[>]
as natural, during childhood, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
See also audiences; sacred spaces; singing, professional
Perlman, Itzhak, [>]
Peters, Roberta, [>]
Phalaenopsis Jessye Norman (orchid), [>]–[>]
Phèdre
desire to portray in non-singing role, [>]
love for Hippolyte, [>]
in Rameau’s Hippolyte et Aricie, [>]–[>]
“Phidylé” (Duparc), [>]
Philadelphia, Mississippi, murders of civil rights workers in, [>]–[>]
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, [>], [>], [>]
physical body
daily changes, recognizing and accommodating, [>]–[>]
and the passage of time, [>]–[>]
physiology and timbre, [>]–[>]
respecting, [>]
role of exercise, [>]
piano rehearsals, [>]–[>]
piano studies, [>], [>]
Pittsburgh Symphony, Dixon as conductor of, [>]–[>]
Pizzi, Pier Luigi, [>]
Place de la Concorde, Paris, singing of “La Marseillaise” at, [>]
Plato, on music, [>]
Poèmes pour Mi song cycle (Messiaen), [>]–[>]
poetry, pleasure of singing, [>], [>]–[>]
Poitier, Sidney, [>]–[>], [>]
politics, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Poulenc, Francis (La voix humaine), [>]–[>], [>]
Powell, Secretary Colin, [>]
prayer, power of, [>]
preachers, exchange of energy with parishioners, [>]
“Precious Lord, Take My Hand,” [>]
pre-performance preparations
centering, [>]–[>]
enjoyment of, [>]
hatha yoga practice, [>]–[>]
as mark of professionalism, [>]
rituals and rites, [>]–[>]
warming up, [>], [>], [>]
See also rehearsals
presidential inauguration, 1985
chance meetings following, [>]
outdoor temperatures, [>]–[>]
Senator Mathias’s invitation to sing at, [>]–[>]
warming up, performance, [>]
presidential inauguration, 1993, Oh, Freedom medley, [>]–[>]
prima donna, as term, [>]–[>]
private life, importance of keeping private, [>]
professionals. See singers, professional
Prokofiev, Sergei (Romeo and Juliet), [>]
protest marches, [>]
PTA, C. T. Walker Elementary School, Augusta, GA, [>]
public schools, importance of arts education in, [>]
Puccini, Giacomo (Tosca), [>]
Purcell, Henry (Dido and Aeneas), [>]
Quebec, Canada, fishing trip, [>]
Queen’s birthday performance, London, experience of racism during, [>]–[>]
Rachel Longstreet Foundation, Jessye Norman School for the Arts (JNSA), [>]–[>]
Racine, Jean (Phèdre), [>]
racism
in American performance venues, [>]
and the barriers faced by Marian Anderson, [>]–[>]
encounters with, [>]–[>]
experienced by Marian Anderson, [>]–[>]
and learning to accept differences, [>]–[>]
and the meaning of freedom, [>]
ongoing and pervasive, in the United States, [>], [>]
and racist language, [>]
and railroad mechanics’ union, [>]
as reflection of ignorance, misunderstanding, [>]
and speech at Howard University, [>]–[>]
radio, [>]–[>]
Radziwill, Lee, [>]
Rameau, Jean-Philippe (Hippolyte et Aricie), [>]–[>]
rape, false accusations against African American, [>]–[>]
Ravel, Maurice (“Kaddish”), [>], [>]
Reagan, President Ronald, second inauguration, [>]–[>]
recitals, [>], [>]–[>]
Reese, Lloyd, [>]–[>], [>]
regrets, avoiding, [>]
rehearsals
endless, and success as a singer, [>]
importance of, [>], [>]–[>]
learning scores, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
new, as hard work, [>]–[>]
of new material, [>]
for performance of “Jerusalem” at Masada, [>]–[>]
preparing for, [>]–[>]
shaking hands at start of, [>]
Sitzprobe (seated rehearsal), [>]–[>]
See also operatic roles, operas; performing
Reid Memorial Presbyterian Church, Augusta, GA, [>]–[>]
reincarnation, [>], [>]
relationships, keeping private, [>]
The Remembrance Church, Berlin, Germany, [>]
Renfrew, Lord Colin, [>]
repertoire
choosing, [>]
diversity of periods and styles, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
one-person operas and recitals, [>]–[>]
Wagner’s operas, [>]–[>]
See also operatic roles; performing, performances and specific works
report cards, [>]
Republican party, [>]–[>]
Requiem (Verdi), [>]
research, scholarship, [>], [>]
respect for others. See tact, respectfulness
Reuter, Hermann, [>]
Reynolds, Ms. (home economics teacher), response to JM’s request to take shop, [>]–[>]
“Ride On, King Jesus,” [>]
rights, personal, standing up for, [>]–[>]
“The rising blades of fire” (“Stride la vampa”) (Verdi), [>]
Ritz-Carlton Hotel, Naples, FL, experience of racism at, [>]–[>]
Robeson, Paul, [>]
Robinson, Jackie, [>], [>]
Romeo and Juliet (Prokofiev), [>]
Roosevelt, Eleanor, [>]
Roots: My Life, My Song (Norman, CD), [>], [>]
Roscoe (father’s barbershop colleague), [>]
Rossini, Gioachino (The Barber of Seville), “Una voce poco fa,” [>]
Rupp, Franz, [>]
Rysanek, Leonie, [>]
Sacred Ellington, [>]–[>], [>]
sacred spaces, performing in, [>], [>]–[>]. See also specific locations
Safer, Morley, [>] Minutes interview, [>]–[>]
St. Mary’s Episcopal Church, Augusta, GA, [>]
St. Matthew Passion (Bach), inclusion of chorales in, [>]
St. Paul’s Cathedral, London, singing in, [>], [>]
St. Petersburg, Soviet Union, [>]–[>]
Saint-Saëns, Camille (Samson and Delilah), [>], [>]
salaries, payments, gender inequities, [>]–[>]
Salzburg, Austria, summer festival
audiences, [>]
frequent performances for, [>]
and gift of Strauss portrait, [>]
incident related to miscommunication, [>]–[>]
rain-related delay, [>]
Sunday performances, [>]–[>]
Samson and Delilah (Saint-Saëns), [>], [>]
“Sanctus” (“Holy”), St. Cecilia Mass (Gounod), [>]
Sanders, Rosa
and the Marian Anderson Vocal Competition, [>]–[>]
Mark Fax as teacher of, [>]
mentoring by, [>], [>]
San Francisco Symphony, singing Cage’s music with, [>]
Saunders, Dan, [>]
Savalas, Telly, [>]
Saylor, Bruce, [>]
Scales, Linda, [>]–[>]
Schoenberg, Arnold
correspondence with Pappenheim, [>]–[>]
Erwartung, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
singing works by, [>]–[>]
Schubert, Franz
“Auf dem Wasser zu singen” (“Singing on the Water”), [>]
“Ave Maria” (“Holy Mother”), [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
“Die Allmacht” (“The Almighty”), [>]–[>]
“An die Musik” (“To Music”), [>]
“Erlkönig” (“Erl-King”), [>]–[>]
“Leise flehen meine Lieder” (“My songs lie gently on the wind”), [>]
poverty, [>]–[>]
Schumann, Robert (“Widmung,” “Dedication”), [>]–[>]
Schwerner, Michael, [>]
scores, learning, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]. See also rehearsals
Second Sacred Concert (Ellington), [>]
Seefehlner, Egon
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