by Ben Shapiro
43. “Original Pictorial Rough and Ready Melodies, No.3. Old Zack Taylor Is the Man!” (1848) in Reilly, supra note 14, http://loc.harpweek.com/LCPoliticalCartoons/DisplayCartoonMedium.asp? MaxID=89&UniqueID=50&Year=1848&YearMark=1846.
44. Hamilton, supra note 37 at 867.
45. “The Nation’s Choice for the 12th President of the U.S. Genl. Z. Taylor and His Battles” (1847) in Reilly, supra note 14, http://loc.harpweek.com/LCPoliticalCartoons/DisplayCartoonMedium.asp? MaxID=89&UniqueID=24&Year=1847&YearMark=1846.
46. “An Available Candidate. The One Qualification of a Whig President.” (1848) in Ibid., http://loc.harpweek.com/LCPoliticalCartoons/DisplayCartoonMedium.asp?MaxID=89&Unique ID=31&Year=1848&YearMark=1846.
47. “Zachary Taylor,”WhiteHouse.gov, http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/zt12.html.
48. Ibid.
49. John S. D. Eisenhower, Agent of Destiny: The Life and Times of General Winfield Scott (University of Oklahoma Press, 1999), 18–19.
50. Ibid., 111–114.
51. Ibid., 329.
52. Ibid., 223–225.
53. See, e.g. “A Dish of ‘Black Turtle’ ” (1852) in Reilly, supra note 14, http://loc.harpweek.com/ LCPoliticalCartoons/DisplayCartoonMedium.asp?MaxID=74&UniqueID=22&Year=1852&Year Mark=1850.
54. Eisenhower, supra note 49 at 96.
55. Ibid., 329.
56. Ibid., 328–329.
57. Ibid., 328.
58. “Gas and Glory” (1852) in Reilly, supra note 14, http://loc.harpweek.com/LCPoliticalCartoons/ DisplayCartoonMedium.asp?MaxID=74&UniqueID=33&Year=1852&YearMark=1850.
59. “Loco Foco Hunters Treeing a Candidate” (1852) in Reilly, supra note 14, http://loc.harpweek.com/ LCPoliticalCartoons/DisplayCartoonMedium.asp?MaxID=74&UniqueID=39&Year=1852&Year Mark=1850.
60. James M. McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era (Oxford University Press, 1988), 365.
61. Ibid., 364.
62. “The Lincoln Catechism,” New York, 1864 in Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., ed., History of American Presidential Elections 1789-1968: Volume III (Chelsea House Publishers, 1971), 1214–1237.
63. David Herbert Donald, Lincoln (Simon & Schuster, 1996), 387.
64. Ibid., 537–538.
65. See, e.g., “The Commander-in-Chief Conciliating the Soldier’s Votes on the Battle Field” (1864) in Reilly, supra note 14, http://loc.harpweek.com/LCPoliticalCartoons/DisplayCartoonMedium.asp? MaxID=44&UniqueID=33&Year=1864&YearMark=1864.
66. Donald, supra note 63 at 387.
67. “Editorial by Benjamin Wade from the Cincinnati Gazette,” 25 October 1864, in Schlesinger, supra note 62 at 1197–1203.
68. “The White Man’s Banner . . . Seymour and Blair’s Campaign Song” (1868) in Reilly, supra note 14, http://loc.harpweek.com/LCPoliticalCartoons/DisplayCartoonMedium.asp?MaxID=35&UniqueID =25&Year=1868&YearMark=1866.
69. Frank Bellew, “ ’Tis But a Change in Banners,” Harper’s Weekly, 26 September 1868, http://elections. harpweek.com/1868/cartoon-1868-Medium.asp?UniqueID=9&Year=1868.
70. John Hope Franklin, “Election of 1868” in Schlesinger, supra note 62 at 1262.
71. Jean Edward Smith, Grant (Simon & Schuster, 2002), 458.
72. “The Modern Gulliver Among the Lilliputians,” Harper’s Weekly, 12 September 1868, http://elections. harpweek.com/1868/cartoon-1868-Medium.asp?UniqueID=6&Year=1868.
73. William S. McFeely, Grant: A Biography (W.W. Norton & Company, 2002), 280.
74. Franklin, supra note 70 at 1260.
75. McFeely, supra note 73 at 283.
76. Barton J. Bernstein, “Election of 1952” in Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., ed., History of American Presidential Elections 1789-1968: Volume IV (Chelsea House Publishers, 1971), 3224.
77. Jamieson, supra note 20 at 46.
78. “Speech by General Dwight D. Eisenhower,” New York Times, 25 October 1952, in Schlesinger, supra note 76 at 3326.
79. Ratcliffe, supra note 12 at 119.
80. Michael O’Brien, John F. Kennedy: A Biography (Thomas Dunne Books, 2005), 128–153.
81. Ibid., 171.
82. Christopher J. Matthews, Kennedy and Nixon: The Rivalry That Shaped Postwar America (Free Press, 1997), 116.
83. Ibid., 131.
84. Jamieson, supra note 20 at 138–139.
85. Ibid., 136.
86. Ibid., 137.
87. Dole, supra note 25 at 81.
88. “Transcript #134,” CNN Newsmaker Sunday, 11 October 1992.
89. “1992 Debate Transcript,” Commission on Presidential Debates, 11 October 1992, http://www.debates.org/pages/trans92a1.html.
90. Susan Page, “The First Debate,” Newsday, 12 October 1992.
91. “1992 Debate Transcript,” Commission on Presidential Debates, 19 October 1992, http://www.debates.org/pages/trans92c.html.
92. Robert L. Jackson, “Clinton ‘Simply Doesn’t Tell the Truth,’ Quayle Charges,” Los Angeles Times, 11 October 1992. 11 October 1992.
93. “Transcript #134,” CNN Newsmaker Sunday, 11 October 1992.
94. A. L. May, “Bush Making an Issue of Clinton’s Vietnam Stand,” Atlanta Journal and Constitution, 9 October 1992.
95. “1992 Debate Transcript,” Commission on Presidential Debates, 19 October 1992, http://www.debates.org/pages/trans92c.html.
96. “Text of John Kerry’s Acceptance Speech at the Democratic National Convention,” Washington Post, 29 July 2004, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A25678-2004Jul29.html.
97. “Punchlines from the Political Road,” Cox News Service, 1 February 2004.
98. “This Morning,” Hotline, 8 March 2004.
99. Nikki Finke, “Does Mr. Middle-of-the-Road Lean Left?” LA Weekly, 17 September 2004.
100. Joshua Muravchik, “Kerry’s Cambodia Whopper,” Washington Post, 24 August 2004.
101. James Hebert, “Party Lines,” San Diego Union-Tribune, 1 November 2004.
102. Donald, supra note 63 at 411–412.
103. David McCullough, John Adams (Simon & Schuster, 2001), 236–237.
Chapter Four
1. Haynes Johnson, “Reagan Finds Himself Racing Clock,” Washington Post, 4 February 1980.
2. Allan J. Mayer, Gerald C. Lubenow, James Doyle, and Stryker McGuire, “Ronald Reagan Steps up His Pace,” Newsweek, 11 February 1980.
3. Paul F. Boller, Presidential Campaigns (Oxford University Press, 1996), 363.
4. Ibid., 366.
5. Lou Cannon and William Peterson, “GOP” in Richard Harwood, ed., The Pursuit of the Presidency 1980 (Berkley Books, 1980), 139.
6. Allan J. Mayer, Gerald C. Lubenow, James Doyle, and Stryker McGuire, “Ronald Reagan Steps up His Pace,” Newsweek, 11 February 1980.
7. Cannon and Peterson, supra note 5.
8. Lou Cannon, “Reagan Is Feted for His Birthday During N.H. Tour,” Washington Post, 6 February 1980.
9. Roger Ailes with Jon Kraushar, You Are the Message: Secrets of the Master Communicators (Dow Jones-Irwin, 1988), 78.
10. Ronald Reagan, An American Life (Pocket, 1999), 212.
11. “1980—Ronald Reagan,” The New Hampshire Political Library, http://clients.bn24.com/portals/ NHPL/Default.aspx.
12. Ailes, supra note 9.
13. Reagan, supra note 10 at 213.
14. Kathleen Hall Jamieson, Packaging the Presidency: A History and Criticism of Presidential Campaign Advertising (Oxford University Press, 1996), 455–456.
15. “The Second Reagan-Mondale Presidential Debate,” Commission on Presidential Debates, 21 October 1984, http://www.debates.org/pages/trans84c.html. October 1984, http://www.
16. Ailes, supra note 9 at 20.
17. “The Second Reagan-Mondale Presidential Debate,” Commission on Presidential Debates, 21 October 1984, http://www.debates.org/pages/trans84c.html.
18. Michael Stokes Paulsen, “Is Bill Clinton Unconstitution
al?” Constitutional Commentary, 22 December 1996.
19. Marvin Kitman, The Making of the Prefident 1789 (Grove Press, 1989), 201–202.
20. Ibid., 202.
21. Joseph Ellis, His Excellency: George Washington (Random House Large Print, 2004), 253.
22. Matthew Spalding, “The Man Who Would Not Be King,” Heritage Foundation, 5 Feburary 2007, /http://www.heritage.org/Press/Commentary/ed020507c.cfm.
23. Kitman, supra note 19 at 202.
24. Paul Johnson, George Washington: The Founding Father (Eminent Lives, 2005), 122.
25. Eric Burns, Infamous Scribblers (PublicAffairs, 2006), 354.
26. Bob Dole, Great Presidential Wit . . . I Wish I Was in the Book: A Collection of Humorous Anecdotes and Quotations (Scribner, 2001), 139–140.
27. David McCullough, John Adams (Simon & Schuster, 2001), 452.
28. John Whitcomb and Claire Whitcomb, Real Life at the White House (Routledge, 2000), 13.
29. McCullough, supra note 27 at 544.
30. Joseph J. Ellis, American Sphinx: The Character of Thomas Jefferson (Vintage, 1998), 259–260.
31. United States v. Callender (1800), 25 F. Cas. 239 (Circuit Court, D. Virginia).
32. Burns, supra note 25 at 381.
33. “Letter of Alexander Hamilton on John Adams” (1800) in Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., ed., History of American Presidential Elections 1789-1968: Volume I (Chelsea House Publishers, 1971), 154.
34. Dole, supra note 26 at 138.
35. Richard Brookhiser, Alexander Hamilton: AMERICAN (Free Press, 2000), 187.
36. McCullough, supra note 27 at 565.
37. Robert Gray Gunderson, The Log-Cabin Campaign (University of Kentucky Press, 1957), 74.
38. Ibid., 220.
39. Jamieson, supra note 14 at 13.
40. Gunderson, supra note 37 at 97.
41. Jamieson, supra note 14 at 13.
42. Ibid., 164.
43. Ibid., 165.
44. Ibid.
45. Ibid., 167.
46. Ibid., 171.
47. William Nisbet Chambers, “Election of 1840” in Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., ed., History of American Presidential Elections 1789–1968: Volume I (Chelsea House Publishers, 1971), 659.
48. Gunderson, supra note 37 at 171.
49. Chambers, supra note 47.
50. D. W. Bartlett, The Life of General Frank Pierce of New Hampshire, The Democratic Candidate for President of the United States (Derby & Miller, 1852), 242–243.
51. Roy and Jeannette Nichols, “Election of 1852” in Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., ed., History of American Presidential Elections 1789-1968: Volume II (Chelsea House Publishers, 1971), 938.
52. Dole, supra note 26 at 224.
53. Edward Deering Mansfield, The Life of General Winfield Scott, Commander of the United States Army (A. S. Barnes & Co., 1852), 193–194.
54. John S. D. Eisenhower, Agent of Destiny: The Life and Times of General Winfield Scott (University of Oklahoma Press, 1999), 329.
55. Allan Peskin, Winfield Scott and the Profession of Arms (Kent State University Press, 2003), 214.
56. Dole, supra note 26 at 225.
57. Gilbert C. Fite, “Election of 1896” in Schlesinger, supra note 51 at 1808.
58. Ibid., 1809–1810.
59. Ibid., 1811.
60. William Jennings Bryan, The First Battle: A Story of the Campaign of 1896 (Kessenger Publishing, 2005), 459.
61. Ibid., 484.
62. Dole, supra note 26 at 172.
63. Paul F. Boller, Presidential Campaigns (Oxford University Press, 1996), 174.
64. Bryan, supra note 60 at 492.
65. William Allen Rogers, “The Deadly Parallel,”Harper’s Weekly, 29 August 1896, http://elections.harp-week.com/1896/cartoon-1896-Medium.asp?UniqueID=17&Year=1896.
66. Bryan, supra note 60 at 492–493.
67. Alistair Cooke, ed., The Vintage Mencken (Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1955), 165–167.
68. Gerald Gardner, The Mocking of the President (Wayne State University Press, 1988), 230.
69. Boller, supra note 63 at 287.
70. Gardner, supra note 68 at 230.
71. Jamieson, supra note 14 at 46.
72. Ibid., 85.
73. Gardner, supra note 68 at 216.
74. Eric Sevareid, “The Ideal Candidate” in Eric Sevareid, ed., Candidates 1960: Behind the Headlines in the Presidential Race (Basic Books, Inc., 1959), 12.
75. Jamieson, supra note 14 at 106.
76. Ibid., 105–106.
77. Ibid., 107.
78. Ibid., 99.
79. Ibid., 111.
80. Ibid., 110.
81. Ibid., 107.
82. Eric Sevareid, ed., Candidates 1960: Behind the Headlines in the Presidential Race (Basic Books, Inc., 1959), 13.
83. Fletcher Knebel, “Pulitzer Prize Entry: John F. Kennedy” in Ibid., 209.
84. Jamieson, supra note 14 at 139–140.
85. Ibid., 140.
86. Ibid., 139.
87. Boller, supra note 63 at 299.
88. Susan Ratcliffe, ed., People on People: The Oxford Dictionary of Biographical Quotations (Oxford University Press, 2001), 201.
89. Allan Louden and Kristen McCauliff, “The ‘Authentic Candidate’” in Kenneth L. Hacker, ed., Presidential Candidate Images (Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2004), 98.
90. “The First Clinton-Bush-Perot Debate Transcript,” Commission on Presidential Debates, 11 October 1992, http://www.debates.org/pages/trans92a1.html#c-experience.
91. Chris Black, “Bush Faces a New Generation,” Boston Globe, 18 January 1992.
92. “Big Step for Clinton, Network,” Chicago Sun-Times, 6 July 1992.
93. Christine Hagstrom, “Campus Correspondence,” Los Angeles Times, 21 June 1992.
94. Jeff Greenfield, “The Baby-Boom White House,” USA Today, 17 January 1992.
95. William Schneider, “The Savage Struggle for Power,” Los Angeles Times, 26 January 1992.
96. Larry Tye, “They’re Fit for Office,” Boston Globe, 16 February 1992.
97. Peter Applebome, “Bill Clinton’s Uncertain Journey,” New York Times, 8 March 1992.
98. David Lightman, “Generation Difference May Decide Race Between Bush and Clinton,” Hartford Courant, 20 April 1992.
99. Colin MacKenzie, “Republicans Find Ray of Hope in Latest Polls Bush Gaining Ground, but Clinton Far Ahead in Electoral College Vote,” Globe and Mail, 31 October 1992.
100. Edward Walsh, “Clinton Picks Gore To Form A ‘New Generation’Ticket,”Washington Post, 10 July 1992.
101. Bob Dole, Great Political Wit: Laughing (Almost) All the Way to the White House (Doubleday, 1998), 187–189.
102. “The Cheney-Edwards Vice Presidential Debate,” Commission on Presidential Debates, 5 October 2004, http://www.debates.org/pages/trans2004b.html.
103. “Chattanooga Weekend,” Chattanooga Times Free Press, 9 July 2004.
Chapter Five
1. Andrea Comer, Nicholas Goldberg, and Joseph W. Queen, “Wisconsinites Stage Whine, Cheese Protest,” Newsday, 17 July 1992.
2. Bob Hohler, “Clinton Lifts a Glass in Dorchester Pub,” Boston Globe, 26 September 1992.
3. “ ‘Pit Bull’ Dan Quayle,” Seattle Post-Intelligencer, 2 December 1991.
4. Bob Dole, Great Presidential Wit . . . I Wish I Was in the Book: A Collection of Humorous Anecdotes and Quotations (Scribner, 2001), 153.
5. David Lauter, “Clinton Team Is Reflective of Its Boss,” Los Angeles Times, 27 October 1992.
6. Timothy Clifford, “Democratic Duo Stumps Together,” Newsday, 12 July 1992.
7. Tom Baxter and Carrie Teegarden, “Campaign ’92 Whips into Final Frenzy,” Atlanta Journal and Constitution, 1 November 1992.
8. Mitchell Locin, “As the Race Winds Down, Clinton Steps up His Pace,” Chicago Tribune, 1 November 1992.
9. Susan Feeny, “A Campaign with Different Voices,” Dallas Morning News, 28 October
1992.
10. Susan Page, “Campaign Countdown,” Newsday, 22 October 1992.
11. Michael Kelly, “The 1992 Campaign: The Democrats; Clinton Says Bush Is Afraid of Debating ‘Man to Man,’” New York Times, 19 September 1992.
12. Mitchell Locin, “Clinton Says President Promotes Intolerance,” Chicago Tribune, 24 August 1992.
13. Jeffrey Stinson, “State Dept.’s Searching of Mom’s Files Riles Clinton,” Chicago Sun-Times, 23 October 1992.
14. Steve Berg, “The Moment Was His, and He Seized It,” Minneapolis Star Tribune, 21 August 1992.
15. Michael Kranish and Scot Lehigh, “Insults Fly as Clinton, Bush Travel to Key States,” Boston Globe, 30 October 1992.
16. “Bush: ‘Bush Comes on Strong,’ ” Hotline, 29 October 1992.
17. M. O’Neill, “Bush on His Last Chance,” Sunday Herald Sun, 11 October 1992.
18. Martin Kasindorf, “Bush Sticks to Updated Truman Track,” Newsday, 24 August 1992.
19. Catherine Crier, “Keys to the White House—A Glimpse of the Race,” CNN Transcript, 6 September 1992.
20. Ann Demaris, Ph.D., and Valerie White, Ph.D., First Impressions:What You Don’t Know About How Others See You (Bantam, 2004), 27–28.
21. Dole, supra note 4 at 137.
22. Ibid., 203.
23. Ibid., 193.
24. Robert Gray Gunderson, The Log-Cabin Campaign (University of Kentucky Press, 1957), 124.
25. Paul F. Boller, Presidential Campaigns (Oxford University Press, 1996), 69.
26. Gunderson, supra note 24 at 123.
27. Ibid., 125.
28. Ibid., 167.
29. Ibid., 139.
30. Ibid., 139–140.
31. Ibid., 129.
32. Ibid., 133.
33. Ibid., 126.
34. Dole, supra note 4 at 15.
35. Bob Dole, Great Political Wit: Laughing (Almost) All the Way to the White House (Doubleday, 1998), 18–19.
36. James C. Humes, The Wit and Wisdom of Abraham Lincoln (Gramercy, 1999), 162–163.
37. Ibid., 136.
38. Ibid., 162.
39. David Herbert Donald, Lincoln (Simon & Schuster, 1996), 217.
40. Dole, supra note 4 at 14.
41. Ibid., 31.
42. Donald, supra note 39 at 259.
43. “This Reminds Me of a Little Joke,” Harper’s Weekly, 17 September 1864, http://elections.harp-week. com/1864/cartoon-1864-Medium.asp?UniqueID=32&Year=1864.