by Morris, Ian;
Romans and, 269–70, 280, 286, 289
social development of, 225
trade of, 200, 239
Greenland, 371, 398, 421
Green Party, 106
Gregory VII, Pope, 369
Guangdong (China), 588
Guangwu, Emperor, 299
Guangxu, Emperor, 523
Guangzhou (China), 432–33, 484, 501n, 515, 517
Gui people, 221
Gujarat, 431
Gu Kaizhi, 321
guns, 143, 407, 482, 499, 521, 573, 577, 591
in China, 15, 396, 407, 457–59, 576
European, 143, 159, 402–404, 419, 430, 431, 433, 465, 484
in Japan, 440, 443, 483, 517, 520
Guns, Germs, and Steel (Diamond), 17, 117
Gutians, 191
Gu Yanwu, 473–74, 481
Habsburgs, 445–49, 460–62, 466, 486, 526, 528, 551, 567, 573, 574
Habuba Kabira (Syria), 184
Hadrian, 307
Hagia Sophia (Constantinople), 343, 403
Haiti, 34, 460
Hamlet (Shakespeare), 62, 436
Han Chinese, 169
Han dynasty, 285, 317, 334, 338, 341, 354, 355, 457, 474, 546
collapse of, 300–304, 309, 563, 569, 576, 587
Confucianism during, 262, 320–21, 420
energy consumption during, 380–81
founding of, 283, 284
Roman Empire compared with, 285, 289, 291, 298, 207, 319
Xiongnu and, 293–95, 298, 299, 310
Hangzhou (China), 153, 384, 387
Hann (China), 265n
Hannibal, 270
Han Yu, 375, 376
Hard Times (Dickens), 503
Hardy, Thomas, 468
Hargreaves, James, 496
Harris, Robert, 579
Harvard University, 47, 58n, 59n, 124, 542
Heart of Darkness (Conrad), 519, 520
“Heaven-Man Teaching,” 322
Hebrew Bible, 137, 182, 191, 234, 235, 247, 249, 255, 276, 324, 351
Ecclesiasticus, 365
Judges, 219
Psalms, 261–62
Heidelberg Man, 54–56
Heinlein, Robert, 27–28, 89, 559
Héloïse, 370–71
Hemudu (China), 122
Henry, Prince (“the Navigator”), 414, 416
Henry IV, Emperor, 369
Henry V (Shakespeare), 436
Henry VII, King, 416, 417
Heraclitus, 93
Heraclius, Emperor, 343, 348, 349, 352, 354n
Herodotus, 30, 32, 249–50, 277–78
Heyerdahl, Thor, 421n
Hezbollah, 605
Hezekiah, King, 247
Hideyoshi, Toyotomi, 440–41, 443, 444, 448, 449, 457, 483, 567
Hilly Flanks, 86, 87, 89, 96–105, 113, 121, 177, 179–81, 189, 200
archaeological sites in, 90, 96, 97, 101–105, 124
culture of, 120, 129
family groups in, 101–104
farming in, 31, 34, 97–101, 107, 114, 117–19, 159, 179, 184, 367, 561, 562, 577
languages of, 110
migration from, 111, 116
pottery from, 122
religion in, 102, 123, 125–27
Younger Dryas period in, 92, 93, 96
Hindus, 431
Hiroshima (Japan), 532, 534, 610, 614, 617
History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, The (Gibbon), 307, 326, 490
Hitler, Adolf, 532, 551, 578–79, 595
Hitler Youth, 106
Hittites, 197–99, 214–21, 225
Hobbes, Thomas, 131
Hoelun, 388
Hohenzollerns, 528
Hohle Fels (Germany), 79
Hokkaido (Japan), 129
Holland, see Netherlands
Holy Roman Empire, 403n, 445, 446, 448, 454
Holy Sepulcher, Church of (Jerusalem), 372
Homer, 137, 199, 217, 239, 286
Homo antecessor, 54–55
Homo erectus, 50–55, 60, 68, 70, 72, 80, 154
Homo ergaster, 50, 51, 54n, 68
Homo habilis, 43, 45–46, 48, 54n, 63, 150, 617
Homo sapiens, 60–61, 63, 66–68, 70, 71n, 72, 80, 88, 114, 183, 380, 593, 517, 618
H1N1 influenza, 603
Hong Kong, 6, 127, 548
Hong Liangji, 506
Hong Xiuquan, 9–10
Honshu (Japan), 129
Hongwu, Emperor, 405–406, 441, 575
Hormuz (Iran), 393, 429
Hoshea, King, 247
Huan, Marquis, 244
Huang Sheng, 424, 425
Huizong, Emperor, 386, 389, 575
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), 603
Human Relations Area Files, 139
Hume, David, 474, 475
Hungary, 276, 312, 368, 391, 402, 442, 446, 549
Academy of Sciences of, 65
Huns, 312–16, 345
hunter-gatherers, 100–101, 105–106, 109, 121, 127, 277, 368, 430, 597
energy consumption of, 154, 381
Ice Age, 85, 86, 491
modern, 76, 104, 140; see also foraging
Huntington, Ellsworth, 30
Hurrians, 196–97, 220, 221
Husayn, 357–58
Hussein, Saddam, 90, 180
Hyksos, 197, 198
Ibrahim, Sultan (“the Crazy”), 452
Ice Age, 35, 67, 79–80, 100, 149, 270, 617, 620
effects of warming following, 77, 81–86, 88, 91
end of, 14, 31, 32, 89, 116, 140, 154, 158, 160, 167, 263, 271, 558, 559, 561, 562, 590, 619, 626
human survival strategies during, 76–77, 92, 132, 381, 491
Neanderthal adaptation to, 56
Iceland, 371, 398, 421
Iliad (Homer), 199
Incas, 460, 515
India, 16, 23, 32, 297, 365, 416, 520, 605, 620n;
ancient, 268, 292
Britain and, 273–74, 339n, 495
Buddhism in, 263, 329, 340–42, 437
environmental impacts of, 609
industrial development in, 522
Mongol invasion of, 574
opium in, 7, 515
Portugal and, 430–32
prehistoric, 49, 50, 97
Romans in, 273–75
Indochina, 306, 535
Indonesia, 535
industrial revolution, 11, 13, 19–21, 100, 380, 413, 491, 503, 510, 542, 565, 572–77, 585, 608, 611
British, 13, 19–21, 40, 379, 382, 494–98, 500, 501–507, 510, 511, 572, 596, 620
social development and, 32, 36, 167, 169, 228, 383, 385, 392, 449, 498, 500, 501, 515, 559, 593, 597, 611, 616–17
information technology, 149, 157, 268, 395, 542, 583, 591–93, 596
Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (Smith), 39–40, 490, 501
Intel, 592
International Age, 197, 198, 234, 236
International Association of Athletic Federations, 594
International Astronomical Union, 613n
International Business Machines (IBM), 542, 596, 597
International Congress of Anthropology and Prehistoric Archaeology (Lisbon, 1880), 74
International Energy Agency, 612
International Institute for Strategic Studies, 151
International Monetary Fund (IMF), 547–48, 586
Internet, 151, 592, 595
IQ tests, 570
Iran, 23, 99, 138, 312, 342, 360, 366, 367, 392, 605
ancient, 179, 184, 191, 196, 197, 203, 225, 248, 254n, 292, 323, 328, 335
Islamic Revolution in, 180
Iraq, 90, 138, 159, 358–61, 366, 392, 398, 551, 605
ancient, 93, 107 (see also Mesopotamia)
Inquisition in, 358
invasion of Kuwait by, 180
plague in, 397
Ireland, 371, 450, 451, 472n
famine in, 505
Irene, Empress, 363
iron, 233, 380–82, 38
8, 521, 524, 604
industrialization and, 495, 497, 498, 506, 510
for tools, 233, 251, 395
for weapons, 128, 276, 380, 386, 403
irrigation, 155, 181, 192, 196, 200, 250, 265, 286, 315, 319, 360–61, 389, 499, 561
Isabella, Queen, 416, 430
Ishmael, 351
Isis, 323
Islam, 354, 361, 414, 446, 563
Christian attacks on, 362, 372–73
extremist, 180, 551, 603
holiest shrines of, 408
origins of, 349–52, 357
plague and, 398
scholarship of, 370, 571; see also Muslims
Isma’ili Shiites, 364n
Israel, 90, 97, 197, 535, 605
ancient, 233, 235, 246–48, 262
archaeological sites in, 86, 88, 240
Lost Tribes of, 391
Israelites, 200, 218, 219, 234–35, 247
Italy, 159, 215, 225, 270, 346–47, 371, 392, 404, 410, 467, 567
archaeological sites in, 59, 198, 200, 289–90
Goth invasion of, 314, 317
Habsburgs and, 446, 461
literacy in, 379
Renaissance, 416–20, 569, 575, 589
social development in, 268
trade of, 275, 315, 316, 365
tribesmen of, 240
Ivan, Tsar (“the Terrible”), 457, 458, 460
Jackson, Peter, 53
Jacob, 191, 199, 276
Jacobinism, 504
Jacques, Martin, 11, 589
Jade Cong, Age of, 205
Jainism, 254n, 255
Jamaica, 485
Jamestown Colony, 465, 502
Jamuka, 388
Janissaries, 444, 452
Japan, 32, 33, 136, 160, 400, 421, 440–43, 450, 480, 483–84, 494, 567, 633
ancient, 127–29
Buddhism in, 342
China and, 15, 52, 211, 306, 360, 361, 411, 441–43, 475, 531, 533
closing of, 483–84, 530
during Cold War, 534, 535
deforestation in, 451
economy of, 11, 12, 360, 406, 531, 535, 543, 551, 570, 584
energy consumption in, 150, 153, 630
health in, 538
labor costs in, 501, 502
opening to West of, 10, 14, 483, 517–18, 520–21
Portugal and, 435, 440, 442
prehistoric, 68
Russian war with, 17, 525–26, 528
social development in, 144, 150–51, 153, 158, 522–25, 643
technology in, 597, 617
in World War II, 17, 52, 531–34, 578, 579
Jaspers, Karl, 254–55
Java, 47, 60n
Jerf al-Ahmar (Syria), 96, 101, 123
Jericho (Palestine), 102, 104–105, 129
Jerusalem, 234, 249, 348, 372–73
Christian Kingdom of, 373
Jesuits, 477–79
Jesus, 255, 256, 324–26, 348, 351, 352, 372, 398, 513
Jews, 365, 370, 427, 472, 513, 532
ancient, 249, 256 (see also Israelites)
persecution and slaughter of, 372, 391, 399, 513, 579
Jiahu (China), 122–24, 129, 204, 212
Jiangzhai (China), 122
Jiankang (China), 305, 306, 319, 321, 329, 334–37; see also Nanjing
Jin (China), 244, 245, 251–53, 262, 265n, 279
Jin dynasty, 304–306, 311, 317, 318
Jingdi, Emperor, 284–85
Jinsha (China), 214, 215
Jobs, Steve, 542
Jocelyn, Lord Robert, 143
John, King, 416
John the Baptist, 372
John of Ephesus, Bishop, 346, 347
Johnson, Lyndon Baines, 141
Johnson, Samuel, 32, 39, 40
Jordan, 197
archaeological sites in, 100, 102, 124
Joseph, 191–93, 224
Journal of the Plague Year (Defoe), 455
Journey to the West, 436–37
Judah, 234, 235, 247, 248
Judaism, 324, 327, 351–52; see also Hebrew Bible
Julius Caesar (Shakespeare), 436
Jurchen Empire, 386–87, 389, 392, 575, 576
Justinian, Emperor, 343–49, 353, 616
Ka’ba (Mecca), 351
Kadesh (Syria), 199, 214
Kaifeng (China), 153, 155, 380–83, 386–87, 389, 392, 419, 422, 451, 482, 493, 575
Kangxi, Emperor, 477, 479–81
Kant, Immanuel, 472, 474, 475, 532
kaozheng (evidential research), 473, 477
Karakhanid Empire, 366
Karakorum (Mongolia), 393
Karluk Turks, 366
Kassites, 197
Katanda (Congo), 64
Kazakhstan, 196, 220, 249, 277, 312, 606n
Keightley, David, 212, 213
Kennedy, John F., 434, 580, 616
Kennedy, Paul, 248
Kenyon, Kathleen, 102, 105
Kepler, Johannes, 113
Keynes, John Maynard, 529–30
Khaldun, Ibn, 396
Khitans, 374, 376, 386, 389
Khmers, 360
Khrushchev, Nikita, 541, 542, 544, 580, 616
Khubilai Khan, 392, 575
Khufu, King, 187
Khusrau II, King, 343, 347–49, 352, 353, 616
Kidd, Captain William, 485
Kim Il Sung, 16
Kim Jong Il, 16, 194
Kipling, Rudyard, 620–21
Kissinger, Henry, 266
Kizzuwatna, 198
Klein, Richard, 59n
Koguryo, 354
Kon-Tiki (Heyerdahl), 421n
Koran, 255, 351, 353, 358, 574
Korea, 159, 290, 342, 354, 360, 406, 441, 443, 483, 524
prehistoric, 127–28
Korean War, 534–35, 543, 590
Koukounaries (Greece), 219
Kubrick, Stanley, 63
Kuropatkin, Aleksei Nikolaevich, 526
Kurosawa, Akira, 440n
Kurzweil, Ray, 592–96, 614, 617, 618
Kuwait, Iraqi invasion of, 180
Kynge, James, 553
Kyoto protocol, 609
Kyrgyzstan, 459, 606n
Kyushu (Japan), 129
Lagos (Nigeria), 149
Lake Agassiz (North America), 91–93
Lamentation over Ur, The (Sumerian poem), 194
Landes, David, 17