Clarks: Made to Last
Page 41
Manhattan Associates 348
Manipulator magazine 290
Mappin & Webb 215
‘Marathon’ 250
Marble Arch, central London 350–51
Margaret, HRH Princess 182, 183
Mark Hopkins Institute of Art, San Francisco 151
Markham, Michael 308, 310, 311
Marklew, E. C. 98
Marks & Spencer 213, 296, 306, 314, 327, 330, 334, 339
Marlington factory, West Virginia 333, 339
Mars Confectionery 301
Mars Europe 301
Mars Inc. 301, 302, 303, 307
Marsh, James 37
Marsh, Mary 48
Marsh, Yvonne 193
Marshall, Geoffrey 296
Martens, Klaus 246
Martock, Somerset 83
Mary II, Queen 23
mass-production 129, 136, 216
Mayer-Rieckh, Michael 226
Mayflower factory, Plymouth 171, 172–3, 174, 217, 339
Mediano de Capdevilla, Gonzalo 174, 175
Melbourne 56, 97, 203, 230
Melbourne, Lord 34
Mellor Bromley Ltd 215
Mendip 153
Mendip District Council 239
Meolite 173
MEPC 329
Mephisto 297
Metford, William 31–2
Metford family 13
Meyer, Jack 80
Mid Somerset Series 324
Middle East 187, 353
Midlands 31, 49, 117, 224, 274
Midsomer Norton, Somerset: Northway factory 171, 226
Miles, James 49, 70
Millbeck plant, Kendal 270
Millfield House, Street, Somerset 80, 81, 90, 110
Millfield School, Street, Somerset 80, 81
Millward, Mr 254
Minehead, Somerset 171, 226, 227, 248, 265
Ministry of Supply 155
Miraclefeet 353
Mitchell, Malcolm 217
Mitre House, 177 Regent Street, London 141, 161, 194
Mondaine 229
Mondaine Ltd 229–30
Monmouth Rebellion 10
Monopolies and Mergers Commission (MMC) 268
Montana sandals 183
Monthly News Sheet 122, 128, 135, 192
Moore, Henry 303–4
Sheep Piece 304, 305
mops 14, 26, 27
Morison, Robert 287
Morland, Bryan 148
Morland, John 52, 78, 131, 148
Morland, Mary (née Clark) 33, 148
Morning Cloud (yacht) 249
Morris, William 104
Moscow fashion show (1956) 202
Moseley, Birmingham 142
Mothercare 213
‘Mr Cochran’s Young Ladies’ 151–2, 153
Mrs Bernard Shaw Scholarship 126
Muller’s Orphanage, Bristol 83
Mullins, Ron 284
Mussolini, Benito 156
Nabarro, Sir Gerald 217
Napoleonic Wars 9, 33
Nassau 232
National Shoe Trade Union 226
National Union on Boot and Shoe Rivetters and Finishers (Sons of St Crispin) (later National Union of Boot and Shoe Operatives (NUBSO)) 84–5, 133, 138
National Union of Footwear, Leather and Allied Trades (NUFLAT) 239, 264
National Westminster Registrars 324
Natural History Museum, London 8
Nature Conservation 281
navy shoes, nailing of 47
Ne Plus Ultra ladies’ boot 29
Neagle, Anna 153; col. pl. 7
Neeve Ella boot 356
Netherleigh, Street 31, 33, 54, 304
New Forest factory, Dundalk 205
New Look 349
New Orleans ‘Outlet Conference’ 328
New Tredegar, south Wales 171
New York 165
New Zealand
Clarks’ samples sent to 56
agents in 98
Clarks New Zealand Ltd 189
Papatoetoe children’s factory 230
worst year for retailing in a decade 284
New Zealand House, Haymarket, London 232
Newgate Prison, Norfolk 26
Newman, Al (aka Al Fingers): Clarks in Jamaica 357
News from Clarks of Street (trade publication) 158
Newton, Helmut 290
Next to Nothing store 328
Nicoll, Stewart 283
Niek 247
Nigeria 232
Nightingale, Florence 53
Nike 345
Air Jordan trainers 247
swoosh 247
Nike (Greek goddess of victory) 247
‘No Time Limit’ guarantee 217
Nordrach, Black Forest, Germany 103
Norris, Henry Lee 46
North America 144, 266, 293
a strong market for Clarks 4; col. pl. 16
Roger Clark meets his future wife on a sales tour 103
Wallabee sales 204
foreign shoes branded as Clarks and sold in 221
losses in 270
Clarks’ tenuous grip on North American market 280–81
Big Sky trading losses 284
profits ‘unacceptably low’ 295
Clarks factories in 327
slow improvement after dire situation 339
Clarks Companies North America 339–40
Bolliger’s aim 346
improved operating profits 346, 350, 351–2
Clarks’ business primarily wholesale 246
launch of two new brands 346–7
Clarks warehousing 348
North British Rubber Company 46
North region 117
Northampton 17, 18, 19, 33–34, 83, 111, 119, 198, 276
Northampton College of Technology: Boot and Shoe Department 17
Northamptonshire 49, 171, 217, 218, 246
Northover, Ilchester, Somerset 78
Northwest England 31, 224
Norvic 142, 177, 209, 243
Norwegian Lace 153
Norwich, Norfolk 19, 243
Notley, Cecil 152, 198, 252
Nova 235
Oasis 349
Oasis (band) 187; col. pl. 14
Observer 237
Office of Fair Trading 268
Olveston, Gloucestershire 12
Olympic Games (Paris, 1924) 247
On The Bright Side (television series) 216
online sales 358, 359
Ontario, Canada 202
Oporto, Portugal 297, 298
Orchard Room, Street 318
O’Toole, Peter 241
outlet stores 327, 328
outworkers 120, 146
working conditions 19, 30–31, 51
makers 29, 30
binders 30
and William S. Clark 47, 68, 83, 158
for Bostock family 112
Overleigh, Somerset 10, 11, 106
Oxford University 250, 259
Oxford University Labour Club 335
Oxford University Press 126
packaging 99–100
Padmore & Barnes Ltd 166, 203, 204
PAI Partners 345
Pakistan 232
Palmer, George 65
Palmer, William I. 65, 72, 74, 75–7
Palmer family 13
Palmers Green, London 217
Panama Hattie (musical) 153, 154
Paris 230, 244
International Exhibition 150
Paris, Ian 262
Parker, Sarah Jessica 187
Parker, Tim 336, 356, 357
education 335
earlier career 335
appointed CEO 335
first report (‘Strategy, Structure and Management’) 336–8
aims to make Clarks retail-led 337, 341
comprehensive changes 338
new management team 338
personality 338
results for 1997 reflect his restructuring 341
comm
itted to increased advertising 342
appearance 342–43
‘The Road Ahead’ strategy document 344
reflects on some of his changes 345
subsequent career after leaving Clarks 345
Parliament Square, London 140
Parmeko Ltd 215
Parrott (manager of J. Edwards & Company) 114–15
Pasolds 263
Paul, Alderman Leslie F. 172
Peakman, Martin 299
Pearl Harbor, bombing of (1941) 184
Pease, Edward 24
Peck, John Angell 98, 117, 188
Pedder, Roger 285, 300, 301, 339
education 221
graduate trainee at Clarks 221
personal assistant to Bancroft 221–2
marries Sibella Clark 222
joins British Home Stores 222
non-executive director 288–9
member of ‘Gang of Four’ 308, 317, 317
Extraordinary General Meeting (1992) 312, 313, 317
on Bid Committee 314
personal statement on Berisford bid 317
at Orchard Room meeting 319
Extraordinary General Meeting (1993) 322, 323
chairman of C. & J. Clark 221, 317, 326, 335, 349
competitiveness issue 327–8, 333–4, 349
flotation issue 329–30
radio interview 332
announces disappointing figures for 1994 332
recruits Tim Parker 335, 336
factory closures 339
resignation 349
upbeat final annual report 349
Pedder, Sibella (née Clark) 222, 300, 321, 331
Pedescope 176
Pedigree Pet Foods 301
Peek Frean 24
Peirce, Andrew 292
Pembroke College, Oxford 335
pension contribution holidays 281
Pentagram 254–6, 255; col. pls. 10, 11
Living by Design 255, 256
Penthouse 251
Penthouse Pets 251–2
PepsiCo 304
Percy, Graham 256
Percy, Iain col. pl. 13
Perugia, André 160
Pet City 326
Peter Lord Ltd 142, 143, 177, 193–5, 205, 218, 219, 220, 234, 275, 295
Peter Lord shops 142, 143, 160, 161, 193, 194, 209, 214, 219, 221, 224, 227, 234, 248, 254, 268, 271, 274, 280
Petronius 272
PetSmart 326
Philips Brothers 197
Piccadilly Theatre, London 153, 154
Pick, Frank 151
piecework 231, 299
Pietermaritzburg, South Africa 284
Pinet 229
Pinet, François 137
Pinto de Oliveira 297, 298
Pintosomerset Limitada 297–8
platform soles 246
‘Play-ups’ (‘Infants Playe-ups Sandals’) 168
Playboy 251
Player family 13
Pleeth, Chris 328, 354
Plymouth, Devon 90, 91, 104, 297, 307
Mayflower factory 171, 172–3, 174, 217, 339
Plymouth Corporation 172
Points West (television programme) 278–9
Polden Hills 9, 10
polyurethane (PU) 5, 175, 209, 226–8, 257
Polyveldt-based shoes 227, 248, 257, 258; col. pl. 12
polyvinyl-chloride (PVC) 175
Ponting, Kenneth: Sheep of the World 17
Pop-ons 227
Port Elizabeth Boot Company, South Africa 189
Portas, Mary 5, 356–7; col. pl. 15
Portland 266
Portman Hotel, London: IRA bombing (1975) 241
Portsmouth 222
Portugal 297–9, 327, 339
Potter, Melissa 352
education 350
joins the company as a graduate trainee 350–51
rise through the company 350–51
chief executive 351
integrated worldwide strategy 352
Clarks as a global business with four regional divisions 352
and appealing to broad age range 356
declines interviews with the financial press 360
Powell and Pressburger col. pl. 6
Power, James (Jim)
appointed a non-executive director 293
earlier career 293
Extraordinary General Meeting 308, 309, 310, 311
chairs Bid Committee 314
Preminger, Otto 242
press cutting 191
Preston, Australia 339
Preston, Lancashire 63, 142
Preston Temperance Advocate, The (magazine) 36
Prestwick lace-up shoes col. pl. 6
Pretty Green clothing label 187
prices
leather 44, 61, 136, 172, 226
partners’ refusal to budge on price 59
footwear 306
discount 328
Prince of Wales theatre, Coventry Street, London 195
Privo range 347, 350
Probert, George 285
early career 283
managing director of K Shoes 266, 267, 283
joins main C. & J. Clark board 268, 269
Group Managing Director of C. & J. Clark 282, 284
boasts that will ‘get rid of the family’ 282–3
personality 283–4, 286
and American operations 284
main interest of 286
‘Night of the Long Knives’ (1986) 287
retirement 293
Procter & Gamble 252, 265, 301
Product Finance 311
production timetables 115
profit, annual
1843–7 43
1851–9 43
‘Project M’ 204
Prussia, King of (Frederick William IV) 26
Public Health Act (1848) 50
punk 246, 247
Purchase, New York 304
Pursey, George 159
pussyfoot soling 146, 173
Putnam, David 253
Pym, Caroline (née Clark) 149, 300, 331
Pym, Hugh 308, 310, 316, 318, 320, 322, 325
Pym, Susan 325
Q magazine col. pl. 14
Quaker Act (1662) 10
‘Quaker Line’ 24
Quakers (Religious Society of Friends)
founded by George Fox 2
and Clarks bankruptcy scares 1
Joseph Clark I’s ministry 1–2, 12–13
other Quaker companies 4, 24
Quaker firms’ disapproval of advertising 5
belief in keeping accurate records of day-to-day business activities 6
persecuted in seventeenth century 9, 10
in Somerset 9–10
wealthy families 13
attitude to debt 21–2, 80
stoical in response to provocation and persecution 23
committed to pacifism and non-violence 23, 53, 156
Toleration Act (1689) 23
‘Advices and Queries’ 23, 25
financial success 23–4
numbers in Britain 24
treatment of transgressors 24
Book of Extracts 24–5
Rules of Discipline 25
and alcohol 35–6
financial assistance to Clarks 39, 40, 68
James appointed a minister 52
James’s wife appointed an elder 52
importance of education to 53
Central Education Committee 88
belief in sacredness of human life 88
acceptance of all people 88–9
desire for a convivial working environment 89
Annual Monitor 101
‘new look’ 106
Friends’ Ambulance Unit 115
relief work in Austria 123
funerals in Quaker tradition 131
Daniel reminds family of its charitable commitment 281
pride as a sin 320
Quality Footwear Exhibition, Seymour Hall, London (1947) 17
4
Quant, Mary 270
Queen’s Sedgemoor 9
R. Griggs Group Ltd 246
Radio Times magazine 151, 278
Radstock, Somerset 171
railway system 81
Ralphs Unified 209
Randolph, David Mead 47
Ranking Joe 357
rapid-mulling 173
Rapistan Lande 279
Rassle, The 357
rationing 152, 155, 164, 165
Ravel 112, 219, 229, 274–5, 295, 300, 327, 343, 344, 349
Raymond Footwear Components 231
Reader’s Digest (magazine) 46
Reading, Berkshire 65, 72
‘ready-mades’ 18, 29, 43–4, 57, 94
Realm Ltd 330
Reckitt 89
Reckitt family 24, 89
Record, Norman 263–4
Redgate factory, Bridgwater, Somerset 169, 236, 249
Redgate 2 closing factory, Street 296
Reebok International Ltd 247, 249, 344
Reeves, Porch & Co. 35
Reform Bill (1832) 32
Reform Bill (1867) 79
Report West (television programme) 278
‘Retail Margins on Multiple Fitting Shoes’ document (1947) 177
Reynolds, William 91
Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) 203
Richard Shoes 275
Richard Shops 196
Ritchie, Ian 271, 302, 320
riveting 47, 49, 57, 70
Robertson, Charles 316, 331, 349
Robertson, Eleanor (née Clark) 149, 305
Rochdale, Lancashire 79
Rockford, Delaware 105, 107
Rockley, Lord 267
Rohan Designs plc 292–3
Romania 297
Romans 8
Romford, Essex 156
Rose-Smith, Jack 184, 202, 203, 208
Rosebud (film) 242
Ross, Diana 302
Rossetti, Dante Gabriel: Water Willow 105
Rotary or In-line machines 227
Rothwell, near Kettering, Northamptonshire 171, 217
‘rotten boroughs’ 32
rounded-toed shoes 137
Rowntree family 89, 220
Rowntrees 4, 24, 89, 320
Roxanne shoe 183–4
Royal Air Force (RAF) 155
Royal Army Service Corps 5, 184
Royal Bath & West Showground, Shepton Mallet 315
Showering Pavilion 320
Royal Meteorological Society 120
Royal Navy 191, 210
Royal St George’s Golf Club, Sandwich, Kent 278
Royal Society of Arts 218, 271
rubber, vulcanised 45–6
Rubicon Retail Ltd 349
rug-making
Cyrus makes sheepskin rugs 2, 14
James uses rug off-cuts to make slippers and socks 2, 16
James sells Cyrus’s rugs 17
the process 18
percentage of Clarks sales 26
sales in North America 32–3
Great Exhibition award 41
James’s offer to Beaven 76, 78
John Morland takes over 52
Clark, Son & Morland 78, 90, 103, 104, 125, 148
running shoes 247
Russia 17, 118, 201–2, 202
Saatchi, Charles 253
Sadler, E. C. 85
Saga 345