by Max Boot
Abu Nidal, 466, 517
Abu Sayyaf, 548
Abyssinia, 266, 292, 296–99
Achaemenid dynasty, 16
Action Directe, 456
Adams, John, 384
Adams, Samuel, 65, 76
Addis Ababa, 266, 297
Aden, 70, 318, 325, 391, 392, 397, 513
al Qaeda in, 521, 523
Adenauer, Konrad, 379
Adrianople, xxxii, 26–27
Aeneas Tacticus, 54
Aetolians, 5
Affaires de l’Angleterre et de l’Amérique, 76
Afghanistan, 6, xxxiii, 163–72, 125, 175, 345, 479, 514, 524, 548, 564
al Qaeda in, 516, 521–22, 526, 530
bin Laden in, 516, 519, 521–22, 526
“blowback” and, 497
British in, 42, 70, 125, 127, 163–71, 173, 184, 187, 325, 390, 487, 499
civil action in, 493
civilians abused in, 492–93
as “graveyard of empires,” 169, 499
Karzai in, 416
Marjah meeting in (Oct. 23, 2011), 551–56
mujahideen in, xxvi, 484, 487–91, 493, 495–500, 504, 519, 566
Northern Alliance in, 479, 500, 522, 526
refugees from, 492, 493, 499
Soviet bombing campaign in, 485, 490, 491, 492
Soviets in, xxvi, 42, 54, 84, 166, 485–500, 514, 519–20, 525, 526, 546, 562, 564
Soviet withdrawal from, 498–99
Taliban in, 340, 479, 493, 499–500, 516, 521, 526, 552
U.S. war in, xxvii, xxix, 127, 166, 176, 180, 194, 345, 469, 497, 513, 526, 540, 546, 548
Afghan War, First, xxv, 125, 127, 163–68, 173, 325
Afghan War, Second, 125, 169–70, 187
Afghan War, Third, 125, 170–71
Africa, xxxii, 12, 57, 124–25, 203, 266, 318, 323, 348, 394–95, 478
Barbary pirates from, 106
decolonization in, 279, 324, 325, 326
ethnic and tribal conflict in, 484
Haitian slaves’ link to, 93, 94
imperial wars in, 124, 127, 128–29, 139, 177, 178, 184–200
“Scramble for,” 129
sub-Saharan, 10, 128
U.S. embassies bombed in, 507, 516, 523
wars of national liberation in, xxv, 326, 363–77
African National Congress, 374
African troops, in Indochina, 356, 360
Afrikaners, 189, 199
Aga Khan, 208
agriculture, 9, 26, 132–33
farm burning, 191–92, 194, 196
in Haiti, 93
of Indians, 135, 145, 146
Aguinaldo, Emilio, 198, 565
Air Force, U.S., 361, 402, 421
Air France, 369
Air France Flight 139, 450–56
airlines, airplanes, 229, 241, 289, 301, 344, 371, 386, 517, 528
accidents in, 518, 520
hijackings, 261, 447, 450–56, 458, 464, 466, 505, 525
psychological warfare and, 386
Akbar Khan, Muhammad, 167–69, 487
Akerman, Amos T., 222
Akkad, Akkadians, xxxii, 13–14, 20, 21, 41, 80, 278, 308, 555
Alamut, 154, 207, 208
al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade, 471, 473
al-Asifa (the Storm), 462
Alaska, 157
Albania, 310
Alegría de Pío, 428, 435, 436
Alexander II, Tsar of Russia, 161, 162, 232, 235–40, 252, 270
Alexander III, Tsar of Russia, 240
Alexander the Great, xxxiii, 5–6, 53, 54, 169
Algeria, 15, 100, 181, 183, 318, 390, 394, 448, 478, 511, 513, 514, 517, 526, 528, 540, 546
Abd el-Kader in, 162
Armed Islamic Group in, 478, 523
civic-action programs in, 368
civil war in, 375
Fatah and, 461
FLN in, 322, 365, 367–76
“reconcentration” policies in, 381, 382
torture in, 364–66, 371–72, 375, 376, 386
War of Independence in, xxv, 79, 318, 363–77, 392, 398, 416, 469, 560
Algerian Federation of Mayors, 369
Algiers, 318, 365, 369–76, 482
Bab-el-Oued in, 375
Casbah in, 370–71, 375
civil insurrection in (May 1958), 373
Algiers, Battle of (1956–57), 369–72, 376
Algonquin, 135, 139
Ali, 277
Alleg, Henri, 365–66, 371, 372
Allen, W. E. D., 291
Allenby, Edmund, 282, 298, 312, 566
Al Manar (The Lighthouse), 508
al Masada (the Lions’ Den), 519
Al Qaeda, xxiii, 162, 342, 484, 515–28, 532
in Afghanistan, 516, 521–22, 526, 530
assassinations and, 22, 521
first terrorist attack of, 521
funding for, 521, 522
Hezbollah compared with, 503, 513
Hezbollah’s training of, 507
“martyrdom” operations as specialty of, 522–23, 524
in Pakistan, 479
regeneration of, 547–48
Services Office as precursor to, 519
suicide bombers and, 516
Taliban and, 500, 516
see also September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks
Al Qaeda al-Askariya, 520
Al Qaeda in Iraq (AQI), xxvi, xxviii–xxix, 22, 161, 478, 484, 529–34, 545, 547, 555, 565, 566
fundraising of, 532
Petraeus’s focus on, 542–43
Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, 478, 547
Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, 478, 547
Al Sahab (the Clouds), 523
Amalekite, 9
Amara, Ali (Ali la Pointe), 369, 370, 372
Amazonia, 10
ambushes, 167, 419
at Alegría de Pío, 428, 435
Beth-horon, 1–3, 170
in Bolivia, 446
Indian, 132, 136–37
in Ireland, 246, 254, 256
in Malaya, 380–81, 385
Marighella in, 448
American Indians, 63, 79
fighting style of, 10, 11, 72, 103, 135
as French allies, 61
nomads compared with, 157
American Indian wars, xxv, 53, 131–53, 173, 200, 205, 399
Boer War compared with, 186, 192, 194, 195
demographic disadvantage in, 137–38, 146
in East, 72, 124, 132–40, 146, 153
fighting the KKK vs., 222, 224
lack of unity in, 137, 138–39, 174, 199
Malaya compared with, 381, 386
restraint vs. massacre in, 368
in West, 17, 124, 127, 141–53
American Revolution, xxv, 56, 59, 62–80, 101, 123, 183, 235, 258, 309, 343, 384, 408, 489, 511, 560, 562, 563
Boer War and, 189
British unwillingness to compromise in, 170–71
Dien Bien Phu compared with, 362–63
French in, 74–78, 99, 107, 566
lessons of, 77–79
Marion in, 72–74, 199, 290
Peninsular War compared with, 88, 89, 90
public opinion and, 75–77, 338, 376–77
American University (Beirut), 505
Amery, Leo, 184–85, 199
Ames, Kingsley, 321
Ames, Lieutenant, 252
Amherst, Jeffrey, 76
Amin, Hafizullah, 486
Amin Dada, Idi, 451, 454, 455, 476
Amman, 478, 531
Ammianus Marcellinus, 27–28
Amorites, 14, 15
Amritsar, 255
Anabasis (Xenophon), 189
anarchists, anarchism, 203, 209–10, 226–34, 243, 258, 260, 263, 272, 449, 451, 458, 475, 531, 564
bombings by, 226–27, 230–31
government and international response to, 232–33
lack of command structure and, 231–32
Nihilists compared with, 235
panic caused b
y, 231
philosophers of, 228–29
Anatolia, 266, 278
Anbar Province, 478, 533, 543–44, 554
Andalusia, 84
Anderson, David, 367
Anderson, Terry, 505
Androutses, Odysseus, 104
Anglo-Egyptian army, 282
Anglo-Pashtun Wars (1849–1945), xxv, 125, 172–76
Angola, 326, 367, 397, 566
Antiochus IV, Seleucid king, 6
anti-Semitism, 271, 294, 307, 451
antiwar movement, U.S., 417, 420, 499
Antony, Mark, 23
Anzio, Battle of (1944), 383
Apache, 17, 144, 148, 149
Apache gunships, 507
Appian, 22
Aqaba, 266, 274, 280–81, 284, 286
AQI, see Al Qaeda in Iraq
Arabian Peninsula, 45, 278, 515
Arab League, 466
Arab rebellion (1936–39), 266, 294–96, 318, 461
Arab Revolt (1916–18), 266, 274–77, 286, 312, 379, 544
Arabs, 30, 42, 53, 289, 343, 391, 458
captured terrorists released by, 466
Lawrence and, 116, 275, 276
Palestinians and, 461–66
Taliban and, 500
Turks vs., 274–83, 286
Arab Spring (2011), 514, 547, 548
Arafat, Yassar, xxvi, xxix, 115, 235, 397, 459–75, 481
background of, 460–61
bin Laden compared with, 517, 519, 523
Black September and, 464–66
cartoon watching of, 460
death of, 472, 513
Karameh battle and, 463–64
marriage of, 470
near death of, 469
peace process and, 469, 470
political astuteness of, 462
as survivor, 467–68
trademarks of, 462
turning point for, 466
Arapaho, 142, 144
Arawak Indians, 99, 136
Arbenz, Jacobo, 434
archery, mounted, 35, 41, 43
Argentina, 110, 394, 433–34, 444, 447, 448
Arizona, 149
Arjam, Jayel Naji al-, 450–52
Arkansas, 221
Armed Islamic Group, 478, 523
Armenia, Armenians, 261, 509
Armenian Dashnak, 243
Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Dashnak Party), 243, 261
armies, 32, 38, 53, 368
feudal, 44
limited native resistance and, 128, 129, 130, 139
national, spread of, 59–60
origin of, 9–10, 13
transition to, 42–43
Arminius, 20, 21
army, British, 61, 63–70, 95–96, 116, 147, 166–70, 184–87, 263, 274–75, 286, 295–96, 309, 399
Army, U.S., xviii, 63, 258, 309, 401–4, 537
abuses of, 494–95
counterinsurgency (COIN)and, 540–46
Indian Wars and, 141–52, 173, 368, 386
lack of family foe connection in, 173
in Philippines, 402, 403
Army Air Forces, U.S., 301
Army Commandos, 289
Army of Retribution, 169
Army of the Indus, 166–68
Army of the Vosges, 119
Army Quarterly, 285–86
Army Rangers, U.S., 62, 290, 415
Army Reserves, U.S., 401
Army Special Forces, U.S. (Green Berets), 414–15
Arrian, 5–6
Art of War, The (Sun Tzu), 32
Ashurnasirpal II, King of Assyria, 19–20
Asia, xxxiii, 38, 125, 266–67, 319, 323, 395, 479
decolonization in, 279, 324
imperial wars in, 125, 128, 139, 154–81
tsarist Russia’s advance in, 157–63
wars of national liberation in, xxv
assassinations, assassins, 22–23, 159, 170, 205–8, 210, 258–61, 269–72
Algerian War and, 373, 374–75
al Qaeda and, 22, 521, 527
by anarchists, 230, 232
of Castro, 414
in Cuba, 432
of Franz Ferdinand, 261, 266, 269–71
by IMRO, 260–61
Irish struggles and, 246, 252–53, 258–59, 264
by Israel, 465–66, 467
of Kennedy, 417
of Lumumba, 443
in Middle East, 283
of Trotsky, 435
in tsarist Russia, 232, 235–44, 252, 270
use of term, 206
in World War II, 307
Assassins, xxv, 154, 206–8, 260, 264, 504, 508, 516
Associated Press, 249
Assyrians, Assyria, 19–20, 21, 80, 139–40, 158
Assyrian strategy, 139–40
astrologers, 409
Athens, 4–5, 19, 266, 395, 450
Atlantic Ocean, 56, 106, 124, 202, 318, 394
Atlas Mountains, 182–83
Atlee, Clement, 324
atomic bombs, 361
Attila the Hun, 28–29
Augustus, 23
Aung San, 306, 307
Aung San Suu Kyi, 306
Auschwitz, 453
Aussaresses, Paul, 368, 371
Australia, 10, 51, 101, 290
Austria, 81, 89, 102, 185
anarchism in, 232
Italy and, 109, 112–16, 118
liberals and, 109, 123
War of Succession in, 57, 60–61
Austro-Hungarian Empire, 261, 269–71, 311
Autonomie Club, 229
Autumn Harvest uprising (Sept. 1927), 332–33, 429
Auxiliary Division (Auxies), 253, 254, 259, 263
Avars, 17, 30, 54
Ayiri, Yusuf al-, 524
Azef, Evno, 245
Azerbaijan, 509
Aztecs, 136
Azzam, Abdullah, 519–20
Baader, Andreas, 458
Baader-Meinhof Gang (Red Army Faction), xxvi, 210, 259, 394, 450–52, 456, 457–58, 467, 476, 503, 564, 569
Babur, 169
Babylonians, 20
Bactria, 6
Baddeley, John F., 158, 162
Baghdad, xvii–xx, 13, 266, 283, 375, 478, 532, 538–39, 544, 545, 552
bombings in, 529
Green Zone in, xix
Petraeus’s arrival in, 542
Bagram airbase, 485, 490, 494
Bailén, 84
Bakunin, Mikhail, 228–29, 231
Bali bombing (2002), 527
Balkans, 17, 51, 61, 102, 260–61, 310–12, 478, 562
Baltic states, 308
bandits, xxii, xxiii, 25, 60, 90
Chinese, 179, 180, 333
FLN fellaghas, 367–68, 372
Greek (klephts), 103–4
“social,” 51, 242–43
Bangalore torpedoes, 360
Bangkok, 466
banks, 242, 261, 447
Banna, Hassan al-, 481
Bannockburn, Battle of, 49–50
Bao Dai, Emperor, 356, 407, 410, 412
Baqubah, 478, 532, 545
Barak, Ehud, 453, 465, 470, 510
barbarian invasions (370–476), xxxii, 26–30
Barbary pirates, 106
barbed wire, 194, 360, 366, 371
Barbour, John, 46, 48–49
Bariatinsky, Prince Alexander, 161, 200
Bar Kokhba revolt, xxxii, 7
Barrientos, René, 444, 445
Barron, Julia, 221
Barrow, Geoffrey, 48
Basayev, Shamil, 160
Basij, 505
Basque ETA, 210, 397, 456, 459
Basra, 478, 544
Bass, Gary, 107
Bataillon Bigeard, 348–49
Batista, Fulgencio, 30, 428–33, 435–41, 448, 449, 456
amnesty of, 432–33
flight of, 439
Battalion Landing Team, 502
“Battle Hymn of the Republic, The” (song), 217
Battle of Algiers (film), 370
Battle Update and Assessment, 543
Bavaria, in War of Austrian Succession, 60–61
Bay of Pigs, 414
Bazargan, Mehdi, 482
Baz Gul, Hajji, 553
BBC, 523
Bedouin, 42, 45, 274, 275, 277–78, 279, 544
Begin, Menachim, 474
Beirut, xxix, 452, 462, 467, 478
airport in, 502, 510
Hezbollah in, 501–6, 510
Iraqi embassy in, 504
Marines in, 484, 501–4, 506
Operation Springtime of Youth in, 465
U.S. embassy in, 502, 504
Beit Horon, 3
Bekaa Valley, xxix, 478, 503, 506, 508
Belgium, 122, 256, 325, 394, 456, 464
in World War II, 288, 290, 307
Belgrade, 312
Bell, Madison Smartt, 96
Ben Bella, Ahmed, 373
Bengal, 260
Bengazi, 266
Bennett, Lieutenant, 252
Benson, George Elliot, 196
Bentham, Jeremy, 106
Berg, Nicholas, 531
Bergen, Peter, 522, 531
Berkman, Alexander, 232
Berlin Wall, fall of, 273, 458
Bernstein, Leonard, 398
Beslan school siege, 160, 528
Beth-horon, ambush at, 1–3, 170
Biafra, 397
Bible, 6, 293
Bigeard, Marcel, 537
Algerian War and, 370, 376
Indochina War and, 348–49, 359–61, 363
Bill of Rights, U.S., 408
bin Abd al-Wahhabi, Muhammad, 481
Binh Xuyen, 353, 407, 410–12
bin Laden, Muhammad, 517–18, 519
bin Laden, Osama, 496, 504, 508, 515–26, 530, 534
in Afghanistan, 516, 519, 521–22, 526
background of, 517–18
death of, 547–49
Mao compared with, 332–33
media and propaganda and, 115, 122, 515–16, 519, 523
in Pakistan, 333, 496, 519, 526, 547
Saudi Arabia and, 483, 516
suicide bombers and, 500, 516
bin Laden, Salem, 518, 520
Birth of a Nation (film), 225
Bismarck, Otto von, 115, 119–20
Black and Tans, 253, 255, 256, 258, 263, 390
Black Banner group, 243
“Black Flags,” 179
Black Hand, 261, 270
“Black Hawk Down” battle, 65
Black Hundreds vigilantes, 242
Black International, 232
Black Jack, Battle of (1861), 214
Black Kettle, Chief, 143
Black Panthers, 397, 398, 456
blacks, 457
in Haiti, 92–99
KKK and, 218–25
in South Africa, 188, 191, 192, 194, 195, 197
Black Sea, 158, 266, 318, 478
Black September, 464–66
Blackshirts, 271
“Black Tulip,” 494
Black Watch, 185–86
“Black Week” (1899), 184–85, 187
Blanch, Lesley, 158
Bleda, 28
Bloch, Dora, 455
Bloemfontein, 187, 188–89
Blood, Bindon, 174
Blood Brotherhood, 272
Bloody Sunday (Jan. 30, 1972), 391