Invisible Armies: An Epic History of Guerrilla Warfare From Ancient Times to the Present

Home > Other > Invisible Armies: An Epic History of Guerrilla Warfare From Ancient Times to the Present > Page 87
Invisible Armies: An Epic History of Guerrilla Warfare From Ancient Times to the Present Page 87

by Max Boot

War of Independence in, xxv, 57, 102–8, 122, 123, 170–71, 215, 376–77, 469, 560

  Greek Communists, 363

  Greek Orthodox Church, 105

  Greek Revolutionary Organization 17 November, 456

  Green, Israel, 216

  Green Berets, 445, 449

  Greene, Graham, 400, 407, 408

  Greene, Nathanael, 74, 78

  Grenada, 449

  grenades, 517

  Griffith, Samuel B., II, 341

  Griyazanov, Fyodor, 242

  Gromov, Boris, 498

  Grozny, 158, 478

  GSG-9, 458

  Guangdong Province, 319, 336

  Guantánamo Bay, 162, 526, 531, 549

  Guatemala:

  civil war in, 448

  Guevara in, 434, 435

  Gubbins, Colin, 289

  Guerre de guerrillas, La (Guerrilla Warfare) (Guevara), 442, 445

  guerrilla warfare, guerrillas, 1–201, 205, 266–67, 557–61, 567

  in Algeria, 367

  as cheap and easy, xx

  in Cuba, 431

  definition problems with, xxi–xxvi

  direct action vs., 289

  greatest effectiveness of, 566

  importance of forceful personality to, xxi

  IRA as, 258

  JFK’s advocacy of, 415

  liberals and, see liberal revolutions

  in Malaya, 379–88

  of Mao, 333, 335, 340–43

  mystique of (1960s–1970s), 397–99

  myth of invincibility of, 326

  and native resistance to imperial rule, see imperial wars

  North Korean use of, 346

  origin of word, xxii, xxiv, 60, 85

  origins of, xxxii–xxxiii, xxi, 1–55

  partisans vs., 120

  public opinion and, 559–61

  speed vs. size in, 150–51

  terrorism compared with, 209

  of Tibetans, 337

  as ubiquitous and important, 557–58

  as underestimated and overestimated, 558–59

  as universal war of weak, 558

  “urban,” xxii–xxiii

  in U.S. Civil War, 212–13

  U.S. failure to learn lessons of, 417–18

  Vietnamese use of, 346, 350, 352–53, 356

  in the World Wars, 266–67, 269–317

  Guevara, Ernesto “Che,” 235, 433–35, 438–49, 457, 467–68, 475, 559

  Arafat compared with, 463

  asthma of, 433, 435, 446

  background of, 95, 433

  in Cuban revolution, 427, 428, 435, 438–39, 441–42

  death of, 446

  Marighella compared with, 447–48

  myth of, 447

  in spreading of Cuban revolution, xxv, 394, 397

  writings of, 413, 434, 435, 441, 442, 445, 489, 524

  Guinea-Bissau, 326, 397

  Gulf War (1991), 515, 537–38

  Gunib, 162

  gunpowder, 64, 78, 93, 105, 209, 441

  gunpowder empires, 53

  Gunpowder Plot, 209

  guns, 136, 150, 152, 163, 170, 174, 179, 270, 397, 430

  in Algeria, 368, 371

  in Entebbe operation, 454

  in Irish struggles, 251

  terrorism and, 209, 450, 457

  Gurkhas, 299, 305

  Gurney, Henry, 380

  Gutians, 14, 27

  Guzmán, Abimael, 507

  Habash, George, 452, 461, 477

  habeas corpus, 223

  Habsburgs:

  Austro-Hungarian, 269–71

  Spanish, 107

  Haddad, Wadia, 452, 455, 461

  Hadji Murad (Tolstoy), 160

  Hafez, Mustafa, 465

  Hahn, Steven, 219, 220

  haiduks, 51, 53

  Haifa, 9

  Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia, 296, 297

  Haining, Robert, 296

  Haiphong, 319, 351, 424

  Haiti, 56, 92–100, 120, 128, 180, 215, 308, 343, 514, 537, 561

  independence of, 99–100, 123

  Leclerc in, 97–99, 429

  slave revolts in, xxv, 92–95, 100, 205, 219

  U.S. troops in, xxvii, 399

  Hajim Bey, 281

  Hakim, Mohammed Baqir al-, 529

  Halberstam, David, 537

  Halliday, Jon, 335–36

  Hamas, xxix, 22, 98, 461, 470–73, 478, 512, 513, 519, 548, 564

  Hamburg, 175

  Hamzat Bek, 159

  Hancock, John, 65

  Handcock, Peter, 197

  Han dynasty, 34–39

  Hannibal, 53

  Hanoi, 319, 351, 355, 395, 409, 424

  Hanover, 60–61

  Hanson, Victor Davis, 4–5

  Haqqani Network, 479, 546, 548

  Hara, Kei, 272

  Harakat ul-Mujahideen, 523

  Hardy, Jocelyn, 263–64

  Hardy, Thomas, 284

  Hariri, Rafiq, 509

  Hariri, Saad, 512

  Harpers Ferry, W. Va., 202, 215–16, 261, 432, 447

  Harrison, William Henry, 139

  Hasan-i Sabbah, 206–7, 208, 508

  Hashemites, 283

  Hasmonean clan, 6

  Hassrick, Royal, 145–46

  Hatem, George, 339

  Havana, 394, 429, 437, 438, 439

  La Cabaña prison in, 441

  Havana University, 430, 461

  Hayes, Rutherford B., 225

  Hearst, Patty, 457

  Heath, William, 67

  “Hedy,” 290

  Hejaz, 276–77, 283

  Hejaz railway, 278–80

  Hekmatyar, Gulbuddin, 496–97, 499

  helicopters, 288, 372, 418, 490, 492, 498, 521

  Helsinki Watch, 492

  Hemingway, Ernest, 431

  Henry, Émile, 226–33, 243

  Henry, Fortuné, 228

  hensoppers, 192, 194

  hepatitis, 495

  Hercules (yacht), 106

  Herero, 193

  Herodotus, 17–18, 20, 54

  Herod the Great, 23, 154

  Hertzog, James Barry, 188

  Hesse, in War of Austrian Succession, 60–61

  Heydrich, Reinhard, 307

  Hezbollah, xxvi, 162, 478, 484, 501–14, 564, 565

  as “A-Team of Terrorists,” 513

  birthplace and early development of, 503–4

  bombings by, 504–10

  extensive reach of, 507

  hijackings and, 505

  hostage taking and, 504, 505–6

  Israel and, xxix, 98, 467, 472, 504, 506–13, 548, 560

  media outlets and, 508, 511, 512, 513

  as political party, 508

  secretiveness of, 504

  sophisticated warfare of, 511

  He Zizhen, 340

  Hiba, Ahmed el-, 182

  Higgins, William, 505

  hijackings, 261, 283, 450–56, 458, 464, 466, 467, 489, 525

  Entebbe, 451–56, 458, 467, 476, 525

  Hezbollah and, 505

  Hill, Elias, 218, 220–21

  Hill, J. P., 221

  Hilsman, Roger, 422

  Himmler, Heinrich, xxiii

  Hindu Kush, 168, 176, 332–33, 487

  Hippel, Theodor von, 288

  Hiroshima, 137

  Histories (Herodotus), 17–18, 54

  History of Alexander, The (Curtius Rufus), 6

  History of the Peloponnesian War (Thucydides), 4, 5

  History Will Absolve Me (Castro), 432

  hit-and-run tactics, 288–91, 293, 342–43

  Hitler, Adolf, xxiv, 109, 271–72, 308, 451

  Hizb-i-Islami, 496–97

  Hoa Hao sect, 353, 407, 410–12

  Hoare, “Mad Mike,” 443

  Hobhouse, Emily, 192–93

  Hobsbawm, Eric, 51

  Ho Chi Minh, 31, 322, 349–53, 362, 393, 420, 449, 475, 559, 566

  Castro compared with, 429, 440

  death of, 425

&n
bsp; exile of, 349–50

  Nasrallah compared with, 508

  Ho Chi Minh Trail, 419, 425, 496

  Holland, J. C. F., 289

  Holocaust, 451, 452–53, 474

  Holy Land, 7, 116, 275, 325

  holy war, 105

  Homage to Catalonia (Orwell), 234

  homosexuality, 178–79, 285

  Hong Kong, 350

  “horns of the bull,” 128

  horses, 22, 23, 27, 37, 136, 145, 496

  mounted archery and, 35, 41, 43

  hostages, 261, 528

  beheadings of, 530–31

  in Bolivia, 446

  British, 168, 169

  in Entebbe hijacking, 451–56

  Hezbollah and, 504, 505–6

  at Munich Olympics, 453, 465, 476

  in Tehran, 169, 478, 481–82, 485

  Hotel Terminus, 226–27, 230

  House of Commons, British, 76, 258, 321

  Howard, Thomas Phipps, 96

  Howe, Admiral Lord, 70

  Howe, Julia Ward, 217

  Howe, Samuel Gridley, 103, 215, 217

  Howe, William, 68, 70

  How to Survive under Siege (Aeneas Tacticus), 54

  Hryniewicki, Ignat, 239

  Hue, 423

  Huk Politburo, 404

  Huk Rebellion, xxv, 395, 397, 400–407, 419–20

  humanitarian intervention, 107–8

  Greek independence and, 103, 107

  human rights, 19, 108, 198, 390

  in Afghanistan, 492–95

  Human Rights Watch, 492

  Humphrey, Hubert, 421

  Hunan Province, 319, 330–33, 434

  Hundred Regiments Offensive (1940), 344

  Hundred Years’ War, 45

  Hungary, Hungarians, 61, 119, 308, 310, 487

  Huns, 17, 26–30, 39, 41

  hunter-gatherers, 9

  Huntington, Samuel, xxiii, 509

  Huron, 135

  hush-hush men, 252

  hussars, 61

  Hussein, King of Jordan, 464

  Hussein, Qusay, 539

  Hussein, Saddam, xvii, 469, 520, 529, 530

  Hussein, Sharif, Emir of Mecca, 277, 283

  Hussein, Uday, 539

  Hussein (Muhammad’s grandson), 505

  Hutus, 509

  “hybrid warfare,” 78, 511

  Ia Drang Valley, 418

  Ibn Saud, King of Saudi Arabia, 283

  Ibn Taymiyya, 481

  Ibrahim Pasha, 106–7

  Idanthyrsus, Scythian king, 18

  ideology, xxvi, 60, 130, 273

  of Castro, 432, 441

  importance of, 59

  Lansdale’s view of, 408

  terrorism and, 209–10, 262

  IEDs, xviii, xxviii, 541, 553

  Iklé, Fred, 497–98

  Imam Ali mosque, 529

  immigrants, anarchism and, 229, 230

  imperialism, 442, 475

  China and, 326–29

  end of, 324, 362

  seeds of destruction in, 198–201

  Imperial Japanese Army, 429

  Imperial Light Horse Regiment, 195

  Imperial War Cabinet, British, 197

  imperial wars, xxv, 124–25, 127–201, 393, 397, 416

  reasons for limited native resistance in, 127–32

  implications, xxvi, 557–67

  Incas, 136

  India, 50, 53, 197, 267, 319, 395, 479, 548

  British in, xxv, 80, 125, 129–30, 147, 166–77, 187, 255, 298, 299, 301–2, 323, 324

  British troops sent back to, 166–67

  independence of, 175, 324

  Japanese offensive against, 301

  Kashmir and, 509

  nationalism in, 307

  Northwest Frontier of, xxv, 125, 147, 172–76, 191

  sepoys from, 166, 167

  Thuggee cult in, 209

  warfare in, 32–33

  Wingate in, 298, 299, 301–2, 304

  Indian Army, 173, 178, 305

  Indian Removal Act (1830), 140

  Indians, in Malaya, 380, 384

  Indian Territory, 124, 140, 141

  “indirect rule” doctrine, 179–80, 181, 183

  Indochina, xxv, 346–63, 448, 564–65

  Algeria compared with, 366, 367, 369, 373

  France in, 42, 100, 178–81, 319, 322, 323, 326, 346–49, 351–64, 366, 369, 380, 387–88, 392–93, 407, 421, 425, 513, 537, 546

  Japan in, 349, 350

  Malaya compared with, 380, 386, 387–88

  torture in, 354, 355, 376, 386

  see also Vietnam War

  Indonesia (Dutch East Indies), 267, 307, 319, 323, 326, 395, 523, 547

  information operations, 106, 200, 377, 437, 512, 523

  Inoue, Junnosuke, 272

  Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), 435

  insurgency, insurgents, xx, xxi, xxiii, xxiv, xxvii, xxviii–xxix, 51

  database of, xxvi, 564, 565, 569–89

  expansion of range of motivations for, 55

  importance of intelligence in, 257–58

  importance of political side of, 393

  legitimacy of, 563–64

  as long-lasting, 564–65

  manuals of, 54–55

  Mao’s three-stage model of, 341, 343, 353

  origins of, 13–15

  success of, 559

  Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO), 260–61

  International Working Men’s Association (First International), 228

  Internet, 54, 229, 512, 517, 523, 531, 567

  Interpol, 210, 233

  Inter-Services Intelligence, Pakistani (ISI), 496

  Inukai, Tsuyoshi, 272

  IRA, see Irish Republican Army

  Iran, 13, 14, 203, 478–479, 492, 524, 526, 545

  Hezbollah and, 503–8, 512

  hostage crisis in (1970–81), 169, 478, 481–82

  Iraq’s war with, 504, 505

  suicide volunteers in, 505

  Iran-contra scandal, 506

  Iraq, 13, 15, 63, 80, 203, 266, 345, 416, 478, 526, 528, 564

  Al Qaeda in, see Al Qaeda in Iraq

  Assassins and, 203, 207

  British in, 70, 255, 282, 287, 390

  disintegration of, 532

  Feisal made king of, 283

  Iran’s war with, 504, 505

  Khomeini in, 503, 508

  Iraqi security forces, 539–40, 542, 543

  Iraq War, xvii–xxii, xxvii–xxix, 84, 127, 180, 194, 287, 345, 469, 472, 486, 507, 513, 527, 528, 565

  Algerian War compared with, 375

  AQI and, 529–34

  “surge” in, 161, 534, 542, 544

  U.S. counterinsurgency in, 534–46

  Ireland, xxv, 50, 64, 187, 245–59, 264, 557

  Boers as inspiration to, 183

  rebellion of 1798 in, 80, 101–2, 107

  Ireland, Republic of, 391

  Ireland, War of Independence in (1919–21), 203, 248–58, 263, 343, 362, 389, 469, 566

  see also Irish Free State; Northern Ireland

  Irgun, 325, 474, 476

  Irish-Americans, 246

  Irish Free State, 256–57

  Irish Republican Army (IRA), xxiii, xxv, 210, 220, 247, 249–60, 262–63, 289, 391, 397, 415, 476, 511, 559, 564

  British spies in, 251

  in countryside vs. cities, 258

  Dublin Brigade of, 252, 253

  Flying Columns of, 254

  negotiated settlement opposed by, 256–57

  in 1920s vs. 1970s–1990s, 257–58

  Provisional, 258, 318, 391, 456, 459, 569

  public opinion and, 376–77

  Irish Republican Brotherhood (Fenians), 229, 246, 247, 249, 250

  Irish Volunteers, 247–50, 255

  Iroquois, 11, 139

  Isherwood, Christopher, 322

  Islam, see Muslims, Islam

  Islamabad, 479, 483–84

  Islamic Jihad, 503, 520

  Islam
ic Movement of Uzbekistan, 479

  Islamic revolt (1921), 182

  Islamists, xxvi, 461, 481–84, 496, 513–14, 547–48

  Isle of Pines, 394, 432–33

  Ismailis, 206–8

  Israel, 22, 50, 283, 393, 450–55, 461–74, 478, 506–14, 527

  Arab terrorism against, 461, 462–63, 465, 467, 470–73

  Ben Gurion airport in, 451, 453

  Entebbe operation and, 453–55, 467

  Hamas and, xxix, 98, 472, 473, 512, 513

  Hezbollah and, xxix, 98, 467, 472, 504, 506–13, 548, 560

  intelligence service of, 472

  kibbutzim in, 417

  Olympics and, 453, 465

  PFLP and, 450, 451

  Suez Canal and, 323

  War of Independence of, 461

  Israel Defense Forces (IDF), 295, 468, 469, 472–73, 562

  in Lebanon, 467, 503, 506, 507, 509–12

  Istanbul, 30, 261, 285

  Italian-Americans, 230, 231

  Italian Legion, 111, 112–13

  Italy, 64, 81, 261, 266, 342

  al Qaeda in, 521

  anarchism in, 203, 229, 230, 231, 233

  army of, 118, 297

  Fascist, 233, 271

  resistance in, 309, 312

  terrorism in, see Red Brigades

  unification of, xxv, 57, 109–22

  in World War II, 266, 288, 289, 296, 297, 308–12, 378

  Jaber, Fayez Abdul-Rahim, 450–52

  Jackson, Andrew, 140

  Jackson, Julian, 309

  Jacobins, 80–81

  Jacobite rising (1745–46), 50

  Jaish al Mahdi (Mahdist Army), xix, 478, 507, 532, 544, 545

  Jaji, 479, 519

  Jalalabad, 167, 168, 169, 479, 498, 519, 526

  Jamaica, 63, 96, 100

  James, Henry, 179

  James, Jesse, 51, 213

  Jamestown, Va., 124, 132–37, 147

  janissaries, 42, 107

  Japan, 129, 267, 273, 298–309, 319, 323, 379

  in China, 307, 309, 326, 328, 338, 343–46, 349

  Communist Party in, 343

  in Indochina, 349, 350, 351, 429

  militarists in, 271, 272

  secret police in (Kempeitai), 364

  terrorism in, 210

  in World War II, 175, 267, 298–308, 321, 324, 351, 403, 409, 497, 504–5

  Japanese Red Army, 451, 456, 458

  Jedburgh teams, 309

  Jeddah, 276, 478, 518

  Jemaah Islamiyah, 523

  Jenin, 471

  Jenkins, Brian, 528

  Jerome, Saint, 29

  Jerusalem, 6, 207, 282

  Arafat in, 460–61

  Roman siege of, 1, 4, 21, 23, 154

  Temple in, 4, 6

  Temple Mount in, 471

  Jewish Antiquities (Josephus), 6

  Jewish Revolts, xxxii, 4, 7, 24, 54, 209, 310

  Jews, 6–7, 162, 471, 483, 531

  Entebbe hijacking and, 452–53

  French, 365

  Polish, 310

  as refugees, 325

  Romans vs., xxxii, 1–4, 7, 21, 23, 24, 25, 54, 154, 209

  terrorism of, 325, 391, 461, 474

  Zealot sect of, 154, 516

  see also anti-Semitism; Zionists, Zionism

  Jiang Qing (Madame Mao; stage name Lan Ping), 339, 340

 

‹ Prev