C. S. Lewis

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C. S. Lewis Page 40

by A. N. Wilson


  Letters to Malcolm, Chiefly on Prayer (CSL), xvii, 290–1

  Lewis, Albert (CSL’s father; ‘the P’daytabird’): in Belfast, xi, 8–9; marriage, 3; character (and ‘wheezes’), 4–7, 18, 94, 283; on Irish situation, 5; religious beliefs, 6, 24, 41–2; and sons’ education, 12–15, 19, 25, 31, 33; builds and occupies Little Lea, 15; appearance, 18; and Kirkpatrick, 19, 33, 39–41, 47; and wife’s death, 20–1; musical interests, 30, 32; changing relations with CSL, 31–2,41, 52, 54, 58–9, 67–9, 75, 89–90, 95, 114, 283; drinking, 52, 57; and CSL’s wartime absence in France, 54–5; and CSL’s war wound, 56; on CSL’s published poems, 60; and CSL’s relations with Mrs Moore, 66–7; supports CSL’s career, 75, 90; and CSL’s Magdalen fellowship, 89; ephemeral writings, 94; illness and death, 1 to-13, 114, 119; estate, 119–10; memorial window, 136; and CSL’s Narnia stories, 228–9; in CSL’s Surprised by Joy, 252; on CSL and women, 256

  Lewis, Clive Staples (Jack; Jacks): and religious orthodoxy, x, xiii; Belfast boyhood, xi-xii, 1, 8–12; and mother’s death, xi, 19–20, 22, 47, 59, 210, 214, 224, 282–3; brashness and argumentative manner, xii, 18, 98, 118, 129–30; portrait, xiv; feuds over, xv-xvii; supposed virginity and temperance, xvi; self-absorption, xvii; born, 1, 8; relations with brother Warren, 1, 8, 11–12, 18, 139, 225; on eternal suffering, 2; early reading, 11 -12; schooling, 12–13, 16, 21–36; thick lips, 18; illnesses, 27; loss of boyhood faith, 28–9, 42; ‘Northemness’, 29–30, 35, 37, 119, 220; changing relations with father, 31, 41, 52, 54, 58–9, 67–9, 75, 95, 114, 283; tutored by and lives with Kirkpatrick, 36, 39–44; friendship with Greeves, 37–8; confirmed, 41–2; on sexual love, 44; reading and literary criticism and taste, 44–5, 161; influenced by George MacDonald, 45–7; prospective career, 47–8; poetry, 47–8, 59–60, 71–2, 09–102, 133, 232, 290; admitted to Oxford, 48–50; sexual fantasies, 49–50, 57–8, 128–9; relations with Mrs Moore, 53–4, 58–9, 64–9, 72, 74–5, 81, 83, 92, 106, 114, 121, 187–8, 224–5, 233–4, 251, 297; serves in France in World War I, 54–6; wounded and returned to England, 56–7; reticence on sexual experience, 58; returns to Oxford after war, 61–4; Oxford prize, 70, 73–4; classics degree, 73–4; career, 74–5; takes English degree, 76–8, 84; resistance to modernism, 79, 161; early university teaching, 85; philosophical beliefs and speculations, 86–8; scholarship, 88; English fellowship at Magdalen, 89,91–2, 95–7; thanks father for support, 90; effect of Mrs Moore on work, 92–3, 95; earnings, 95; as university tutor, 95–100, 116,129–30; friendship with and encouragement of Tolkien, 105, 116–19, 159, 196–7; reconverted to religious belief, 105–10, 122–4, 211, 291; fear of neurosis, 110–11; and father’s illness and death, 110–13, 114, 119; literary ambitions, 119; buys and occupies house with Mrs Moore and Warren (The Kilns), 121–2; acceptance of Christian faith, 122–9, 133, 137–8, 166, 211; on Christian and sexual morality, 128–9; gives termly dinners (‘English binges’), 131–2, 206; literary output and achievements, 132–4; and Northern Ireland Protestantism (‘ulsterior motive’), 136–8; and parents’ memorial window, 136; clubbability and love of male company, 141–3; influenza, 142; readability, 143, 146; lecturing, 144, 197; sense of personality, 146–7, 290; influenced by Charles Williams, 150, 170, 193; on medieval world-picture, 151–3; campaigns over 1938 Oxford Poetry Chair, 156–9; and Inklings, 159, 217, 222; walking holidays, 159–60, 174; growing crustiness, 162; as Christian apologist, 162–7, 180–1, 211, 218, 257; in World War II, 169–70, 192, 202; on Blessed Sacrament, 174–5; practises confession, 175–6, 239; broadcasts, 179–81; arouses jealousy among academic colleagues, 181, 192, 208, 246; wartime talks to RAF, 179; as President of Socraoc Club, 182; on Communism and Fascism, 195; on world system of values (Tao), 198–200, 258; supports June Flewett (Freud) at RADA, 203; as parodist, 208; not appointed to Merton Chair, 208–9; defends Oxford syllabus, 209; dispute with Elizabeth Anscombe, 210–11, 213–14, 218, 225, 236; and physical universe, 211; St Andrews DD, 215, 218; and post-war conditions, 216, 227; cooling relations with Tolkien, 216–18, 273, 294; reputation as children’s author, 120; collapse, 222–3; and Mrs Moore’s decline and death, 223–5; and Narnia stories, 226–30, 234; loses 1951 Poetry Chair contest, 231–3; repels personal and intimate conversation, 234–5; correspondents, 235–6; meets Joy, 236–41; reading at table, 243; appointed to Cambridge Chair, 245–6, 253; relations with Joy, 248–51, 255–7, 269, 272–4, 276; dualism, 257–8; view on Christian marriage, 258–9; marriage to Joy, 260–4; and Joy’s cancer, 261–3, 270, 278–81; letters to Bill Gresham on custody of children, 267–8; osteoporosis and Substitution, 269—71; on homosexuality, 274–5; on friendship with women, 275; on language, 276–7; Greek holiday, 278–80; and Joy’s death, 281–5; and unknown God, 283–5; on literary criticism, 287–9; Romantic egotism, 291; attitude to own death, 293, 295; urinary trouble, 293; heart attack and final illness, 295–7; death, 298–9; funeral, 299; posthumous interest in and studies on, 302–8; apparition, 305–6; TV play about, 307

  Lewis, Florence (née Hamilton; CSL’s mother; ‘Flora’): death, xi, 19–20, 47, 59, 210, 214, 224, 283; childhood, 1–2; witnesses miracle in Rome, 2, 214; university degree, 3; marriage, 3, 7; family home, 8; and CSL’s childhood, 11; and sons’ education, 12–16; memorial window, 136; and CSL’s Narnia stories, 228

  Lewis, Joe (CSL’s uncle), 21

  Lewis, Joy (ne’e Davidman; then Mrs Bill Gresham; CSL’s wife): meets CSL, 236–41; relations with CSL, 248, 249–51, 255–7, 272–4, 276; divorce from Gresham, 255; marriage to CSL, 260–5, 269; cancer, 261–3, 265, 268, 278–81; and ownership of The Kilns, 266; and CSL’s friends, 271–3; Greek holiday, 278–80; death, 281; portrayed in TV play, 306–7; Smoke on the Mountain, 249

  Lewis, Richard (CSL’s grandfather), 3–4, 8, 10, 17; death, 19, 21

  Lewis, Warren Hamilton (CSL’s brother; ‘Warnie’): Belfast childhood, xi, 8, 11–12; life and comradeship with CSL, 1,8, 11–12, 18, 139, 225; dislikes grandfather’s writings, 2; born, 8; compiles Lewis Papers (family), 11, 26, 81, 113, 139, 300; schooling, 12–13, 15, 17, 19, 21–3, 25, 28, 32–3; and mother’s death, 20; relations with father, 32, 69; service in World War I, 38, 41; and Kirkpatrick, 39, 41; home leave, 52–3; and CSL’s relations with Mrs Moore, 67–8, 72, 92, 115, 121, 141, 2 34, 251; and father’s death, 112–13, 114–15, 119–20; isolation and nostalgia in Shanghai, 114–16; drinking and alcoholism, 114–15, 138–9, 203, 215, 223, 225, 270, 299–301; resignation from Army, 114–15, 120–1, 138; and disposal of toys, 120; offered home with Mrs Moore, 121–2; shares house with CSL and Mrs Moore (The Kilns), 121–2, 138, 203; and Mrs Moore’s hostility to CSL’s faith, 128; attends Flecker’s Hassan, 129; and CSL’s bawdry, 131; and parents’ memorial window, 136; religious practice, 138; relations with Mrs Moore, 139–40, 153, 224–5; walking holidays with CSL, 160, 174; emotional immaturity, 161, 229; service in World War II, 169; wartime diaries, 192; Fairford holiday, 204; and post-war rationing, 215; and CSL’s collapse, 223; in mental home, 223; on Mrs Moore’s death, 224; and 1951 Poetry Chair, 233; and Joy, 239–40, 255, 257, 271, 300; writings, 252–3; on foreign travel, 253, 279; and CSL’s marriage, 260–1, 263; and Joy’s cancer, 262–3, 280; on Greshams at The Kilns, 270–1; death, 270, 303; and Joy’s death, 281; and CSL’s final illness and death, 295–8; misses CSL’s funeral, 299; life after CSL’s death, 299–300; edits CSL’s letters, 300; and Walter Hooper, 301–3; portrayed in TV film, 307; The Splendid Century, 253; Sunset of the Splendid Century, 253

  Lightfoot, Rev. Robert Henry, 181

  Lindskoog, Kathryn (formerly Stillwell): meets CSL, 236, 239; The C. S. Lewis Hoax, xiv-xv, 236n

  Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, The (CSL), ix-x, 2, 220–1, 228

  Littera Scripta (CSL; juvenile play), 17

  Little Lea (house), 15

  Loki Bound (CSL; juvenile work), 35, 38

  Lucretius, 171–2

  Lydgate, John, 145

  Macaulay, Rose, 275; Letters to a Friend, 291

  MacDonald, George: Christian beliefs, 137, 156;
in CSL’s Great Divorce, 201;

  Phantasies, 45–7, 55, 70, 77, 123, 135, 2 10, 214, 221, 229

  McFarlane, Bruce, 105, 297

  McGonagall, William, 254

  MacNeice, Louis, 99, 118

  McNeill, J. A., 26

  Magician’s Nephew, The (CSL), 226

  Malory, Sir Thomas, 221

  Malvern College, 25, 28, 31–6

  Margaret, Princess, 159, 262

  Marion E. Wade Center see Wheaton College, Illinois

  Marryat, Captain Frederick, 116, 161, 289

  Martindale, Father Cyril Charlie, SJ, 70

  Martlets (Oxford society), 62

  Mere Christianity (CSL), xi, xiii, 137, 180, 211, 215, 246, 308

  Merton Chair of English Literature (Oxford), 208

  Miller, Mollie and Len, 281, 299

  Milton, John, 152, 156, 170–3, 184, 286–7; Comus, 170, 184

  Miracles (CSL), 107, 211–13, 215, 278

  Monteith, Charles, 130, 285

  Moore, Courtenay Edward (‘the Beast’; Janie’s husband), 53, 67, 256; death, 225

  Moore, Edward Francis Courtenay (Paddy), 51, 52–3, 56, 247; death, 59

  Moore, Janie (née Aslans; ‘Minto’): relations with CSL, xvi, 52–4, 58–9, 66–8, 72, 8i, 83, 92, 106, 121, 128–9, 141, 143, 224–5, 233–4, 251, 283, 297; visits wounded CSL, 56; and son’s death, 59; in Oxford, 64–6, 68; domestic activities and demands, 64–5, 75–6, 83, 128–9, 188, 203; nature, 72; and CSL’s career, 75; brother’s illness, 81–2; and CSL’s academic career, 88; ill-health, 92; effect on CSL’s work, 93, 95; and CSL’s Dymer, 100; and CSL’s religious conversion, 108, 110, 127–8; loneliness, 114–15; invites Warren to share home, 121–2; buys and occupies house with CSL and Warren (The Kilns), 121–2, 297; on Whipsnade outing, 127; relations with Warren, 139–41, 153, 224–5; reading, 141, 203; entertaining, 143; death of dog, 153; takes in wartime evacuees, 186–8; health decline and death, 187–8, 203, 209, 215, 222–4; and June Flewett’s departure for RADA, 203; and maids, 215; and religion, 218; and CSL’s collapse, 224; burns CSL’s letters, 251

  Moore, Maureen see Blake, Maureen

  Moral Rearmament (formerly Oxford Group Movement), 176n

  More, Thomas, 217

  Morrell, Lady Ottoline, 125, 148

  Morris, William, 47, 135

  Muggeridge, Malcolm, 219

  Murray, Gilbert, 62

  Namia stories (CSL), ix, 214, 210–21, 225–30

  Nesbit, Edith, 190, 220–1,226

  Newbolt, Sir Henry, 63

  Newman, John Henry, Cardinal: Apologia, 106, 110

  Nicholson, Bill: Sbadamlands (TV play), 306–8

  Norse myth, 29–30, 35–7, 125–6

  Novalis (i.e. F. L. von Hardenberg), 46

  Onions, C. T., 102, 105

  ‘Open Letter to Dr Tillyard’ (CSL), 146

  Ovid, 221

  Out of the Silent Planet (CSL), 154–5, 174, 183

  Oxford (University): CSL admitted as undergraduate (University College), 48–52; CSL’s post-war return to, 61–4; celibate tradition, 65; English studies at, 76–7, 97–8, 103–4, 209; CSL first teaches at, 85; CSL holds fellowship at (Magdalen College), 89, 91–2; teaching and tutorial system, 95–7; college life, 102–3; Poetry Chair (1938), 156–8; (1951), 231–2; in World War II, 169, 192; post-war conditions at, 206; English Faculty at, 208–9; CSL leaves for Cambridge, 245–6

  Oxford Book of Light Verse, The (ed. W. H. Auden), 148

  Oxford Group Movement see Moral Rearmament

  Oxford University Press, 169–70, 241; see also Williams, Charles

  Papas (illustrator), 308

  Parsons, Robert, 244

  Paul, St, 233

  Paxford, Fred, 139–41, 186, 215, 297, 299; CSL portrays, 226

  Pelger, Mr (dentist), 269

  Penelope (Lawson), Sister: friendship and correspondence with CSL, 174–6, 185, 216, 234, 241, 252, 257, 270, 275, 295

  Perelandra (CSL), 175, 183–4, 189

  Phillips, J. B.: Ring of Truth, 305–6

  Pierce, Renée (later Gresham), 236–7, 241, 249, 268

  Pilgrim’s Regress, Tir(CSL), 9, 133–5, 174

  Pitter, Ruth, 275

  Plato, x, 84–7, 137, 149, 210–11, 305

  Pocock, Guy, 102

  Potter, Beatrix, 135, 220; Squirrel Nutkin, 12, 77

  Pound, Ezra, 79

  Preface to ‘Paradise Lost’, A (CSL), 171–3, 210, 287

  Problem of Pain, The (CSL), 162, 166–7, 179, 215, 235, 278

  Proust, Marcel, 161, 292

  Punch (magazine), 167, 219, 285

  Queenie (maid), 215

  Quennell, Peter, 65

  Quiz, Roland: Adventures of Tom Pippin, 161

  Rackham, Arthur, 29

  Raine, Kathleen, 219

  Reflections on the Psalms (CSL), 274

  Reveille (magazine), 60

  Richards, I. A., 103, 173, 277, 287

  Riddell Lectures (University of Durham), 197

  Ros, Amanda McKittrick, 168, 206, 254

  Ross, Alec, 296

  Rousseau, Jean-Jacques: Confessions, 50

  Rowse, A. L., 243–4, 245n

  Runcie, Robert, Archbishop of Canterbury, 308

  Ruskin, John, 66

  Russell (Belfast clergyman), 9

  Russell. Bertrand, 125, 211; Worship of a Free Man, 86–7

  Sade, Marquis de, 57

  Sadler, Sir Michael Ernest, 85

  St Andrews University: awards DD to CSL, 215, 218

  St Luke’s Episcopal Church, Monrovia, California, 305

  St Mark’s Church, Dundela, 136

  Sampson, Ashley, 162, 179

  Saurat, Denis, 173

  Sayer, George, 213, 239, 256, 299–300

  Sayer, Moira, 256, 300

  Sayers, Dorothy L., 103, 194, 275; Man Born to he King, 182, 194

  Scott, Maude, 17

  Screwtape Letters, The (CSL), 92, 177–9, 181, 202, 246

  Shadowlands (TV play) see Nicholson, Bill

  Shaw, George Bernard, 199

  Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 50–1

  Sibley, Brian, 306

  Silver Chair, The (CSL), 140, 226–7

  Simpson, Percy, 76, 84, 103–4

  Sinn Fein, 5

  Sirwell, Edith, 134

  Smith, David Nicholl, 208

  Smith, Harry Wakelyn, 35

  Smith, J. A., 102

  Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (Disney film), 160–1

  Society of St John the Evangelist (The Cowley Fathers), 175, 239

  Society of the Divine Compassion, 181–2

  Socratic Club (Oxford), 182, 198, 213–14, 220, 228

  Spenser, Edmund, 156, 217, 221; The Fairie Queene, 46–7, 145, 221

  Spirits in Bondage (by ‘Clive Hamilton’, i.e. CSL), 59–60, 133

  Stalin, Josef V., 198

  Starkie, Enid, 231–2

  Statius, 254

  Steiner, Rudolph, 87, 137

  Strick (Oxford student), 80–1

  Studies in Words (CSL), 276–7

  Substitution (doctrine), 194, 269, 309

  Summers, Rev. Montague, 71

  Surprised by Joy (CSL): on grandfather, 3; on father, 4, 21, 31, 106, 283; on Wynyard school and Capron, 24, 26; on CSL’s boyhood loss of faith, 28; on Northernness, 29; on Kirkpatrick, 39; reticence on sex, 58, 106, 252; on college life, 102; on religious development, 106–7, 122–3, 127, 252; writing of, 251–2, 282

  Tao, 198–200, 258

  That Hideous Strength (CSL), 71, 127, 189–91, 197

  They Stand Together (CSL’s letters to Greeves), xv, 38, 301

  Till, Anthony Stedman, 281

  Till We Have Faces (CSL), 252, 261

  Tillyard, E. M. W., 146

  Tolkien, Christopher: in France, xvii; annotations on father’s mythology, 117; in wartime RAF, 192; encourages father’s writing, 196; and Inklings, 216; on CSL’s refusal to gossip, 2 34; at CSL’s farewell Oxford dinner, 246; and father’s cooling re
lations with CSL, 273, 294; at CSL’s funeral, 299

  Tolkien, J. R. R.: on CSL’s praying in Letters to Malcolm, xvii, 289–90; influence as Professor of Anglo-Saxon, 103–4; Catholic beliefs, 108, 125–6, 137, 195; friendship with CSL, 116–19, 159, 195; creative powers and activities, 116–17, 195; temperament, 118–19; marriage difficulties, 119, 159; scholarly editing, 124; mythology, 125–7, 166, 218, 306; and CSL’s spiritual development and religious conversion, 124–7, 135—6, 184, 214, 252, 291, 306; on immortality, 133; on CSL’s Pilgrim’s Regress, 142; writing, 153; and CSL’s Out of the Silent Planet, 154; and 1938 Oxford Poetry Chair, 156, 159; in Inklings, 159; in World War II, 169, 192: attitude to Charles Williams, 170, 193; on CSL’s wartime talks, 179; Screwtape dedicated to, 181; and CSL’s That Hideous Strength, 190–1; on Dorothy L. Sayers, 194; on CSL and Franco, 195; Fairford holiday, 204–5; appointed Merton Professor, 208; syllabus attacked, 209; cooling relations with CSL, 216—18,273, 294; dislikes Narnia stories, 222, 225, 228; dislikes CSL’s English Literature in the Sixteenth Century, 241; and CSL’s Cambridge Chair, 245; at CSL’s farewell Oxford dinner, 246; on CSL’s idea of marriage, 258–9; and CSL’s marriage, 260, 271–2; and idea of Substitution, 269; and CSL’s misunderstanding of etymology, 276; at CSL’s funeral, 299; Kilby visits, 303; The Adventures of Tom Boinhadil, 294; The Hobbit, 153, 196; Lay of Leithian (unfinished), 117–19; The Lord of the Rings, 195–7, 202, 216, 222; The Lost Road (fragment), 154; ‘Mythopoeia’, 126; The Silmarillion, 155, 196, 222, 225–6, 303

  Townsend, Group-Captain Peter, 259

  Tynan, Kenneth, 130, 206–7

  Tyndale, William, 217

  Underhill, Evelyn, 238

  Unwin, Stanley, 155

  Usk, Thomas, 145

  Victoria, Queen, 299

  Volento, Maria, 31

  Voyage of the Dawn Treader, The (CSL), 220

  Wagner, Richard, 30, 32, 35, 77, 83, 135, 220

  Wain, John, 130, 193, 216

  Waller, David, 307

  Walpole, Hugh, 155

  Wardale, Edith Elizabeth, 77, 82

 

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