by Don Lattin
Alpert’s first trip and, 54–55
Altamont Speedway concert and, 174–75
Andrew Weil and, 26, 57–58, 59–60, 86–87, 144–45, 187
appearance, 45, 46, 47, 122, 123
arrests and convictions for possession of marijuana, 119, 132, 170, 172, 175
autobiography, 14, 82, 187
Beatles and, 2, 174
in Berkeley, 13–14, 133
childhood and early years, 15–17
children of, 102, 125, 132, 202–3
Concord Prison Project, 61–62, 68–72
consciousness-altering techniques, non-drug, 112
convictions for marijuana possession, 175
cremation and ashes, 203
criticism of, 141, 142–43
culture of the 1960s and, 85
David McClelland and, 12–13, 20
death of, 15, 196–98, 201, 202, 203, 219
drug use, multiple (1973), 198
education and clinical work, 16–18
in Europe (1958–59), 19–20
“Existential Transactionalism,” 69
first wife’s suicide, 13–14, 19, 102
G. Gordon Liddy and, 132–33
Good Friday Experiment, 62
as government informant, 199–200, 201
government persecution of, 109–10, 111, 172
governor of California campaign, 2, 173
as guru/messianic figure, 46, 84, 106, 108, 119, 121, 127, 202, 218
at Harvard, 52–53
Harvard Crimson articles on, 86–99
Harvard firing of, 62, 96–97, 99
Harvard hiring of (1959), 20
Harvard Psilocybin Project, 41, 53, 57
heroin and, 178–79
historical importance of, 215–22
home as base for psychedelic trips, Newton, Massachusetts, 41, 48, 51, 70, 78–79, 102
Human Be-In and, 119–20
Huston Smith and, 2, 36, 46–50
impact of psychedelics on, 3, 44, 69
India trip (1965), 169–70
influences on, 112–13
Internet, cyberspace, and, 196–97
The Interpersonal Diagnosis of Personality, 19, 20
introduction to psychedelics, 1–2, 37–44
Joanna Harcourt-Smith and, 198, 199
kicked out of Mexico and Caribbean islands, 111
lecture series, 133
legal problems, 132, 172–77, 198–200
lifestyle, 13, 216
LSD and, 108, 115–17, 119, 121, 123–26, 174, 177, 198, 199
LSD conference, San Francisco, (1966), 119–20, 139–40
marriages, 14, 17
militancy, 171–72
at Millbrook, 102, 111–18, 131–33
Nena von Schlebrügge, third wife, 114, 116, 170
Paul Lee and, 77–78
Peggy Hitchcock and, 102–3
personality and character, 19, 46, 57, 58, 82–83, 84, 106, 174, 203–4
Philip Slater on, 214
Playboy interview, 123–25
political activism/social movements and, 138–39
prison escape, 169, 170–71
psychedelic philosophy/mission, 44, 46, 49, 50, 52, 82, 83, 88, 105, 119, 121, 125, 133
Ralph Waldo Emerson and, 105, 106
as revolutionary, 50, 61, 97, 202
Richard Alpert, early years, 38, 51–56
Richard Alpert, estrangement from, 7, 116–18, 128–29, 131
Richard Alpert, later years, 74
Richard Alpert, reconciliation with, 201
Richard Alpert’s homosexuality, condemnation of, 7
Rosemary Woodruff, fourth wife, 132, 133, 171, 172, 177, 199
in San Francisco, 119–26
sanity questioned, 198–200
sex and sexuality, 13–14
songs by popular groups and, 2
spirituality/religious experience on psychedelics, 73
Switzerland, exile and arrest (1971), 169, 176–79
testimony before Congress, 119
“test pilots” for, 54
thirty-year prison sentence, 123, 126
as The Trickster, 2, 82, 125, 204, 214, 215
trip chamber built, Kenwood house, 102–3
tripping protocol, 47, 70–71
“turn on, tune in, drop out,” 2, 105, 119, 121, 142–43, 218
Walter Pahnke and, 74
in Zihuatanejo, Mexico, 99, 102, 107–10
Leary, Timothy, Sr., 15–16
Lee, Paul, 76, 77–79, 96, 113–15, 137–40, 197, 197, 203
“Legend of a Mind, The” (song), 2
Lemle, Mickey, 192
Lennon, John, 2, 174
Levine, Stephen, 120
Liddy, G. Gordon, 132–33
Life magazine, 38, 140, 165, 213
Linkletter, Art, 141
Linkletter, Diane, 141
Litwin, George, 197
Llano del Rio, 32–33
Lonely Crowd, The (Riesman), 26
Look magazine, 95
Los Angeles Veterans Administration Hospital, 66
Lovell, Vik, 8–9
Love Pageant Rally, 135, 136
LSD (Alpert, Cohen, and Schiller), 140
LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), 3, 62–64, 102, 136–40 accounts of effects, 62–63, 108–9, 174, 223–26
“Acid Tests,” 135, 202
American use of, 217
bad trips, 134–35, 225–26
behavioral change and, 115
Caroline Winter and, 130
cautions about, 202, 227
CIA research on, 110n, 115, 211–13
conference, San Francisco (1966), 119–20, 139–40
conference, Switzerland (1993), 202
countercultural revolution and, 101
criminalization of, 80, 112, 136, 141
fears about and dangers of, 140–41
federal ban on research, 125
flashbacks, 141, 146, 226
Humphrey Osmond research on, 64, 67
Huston Smith’s cautions and, 119–20
Ken Kesey and, 8, 135, 202
Leary Playboy interview, 124–25
Maharaji and, 152
Millbrook estate, bowling alley LSD experiment, 116
Millbrook estate, use at, 115–17
orange sunshine, 127
Owsley Stanley as producer of, 128, 135
Philip Slater and, 213
psychosis and, 212–13, 226–27
research resumed on, 217
Richard Alpert and, 108, 115–17, 119, 202, 227
Rinkel-Hyde research, 211–12
sexual revolution and, 124–25, 126
Timothy Leary and, 108, 115–17, 119, 121, 123–26, 174, 177, 198, 199, 202, 227
Lusanne, Switzerland, 169, 176–79
magic mushrooms, 3, 63 accounts of effects, 39, 40–41
Andrew Weil and, 165–67
Frank Barron and, 20, 201
R. Gordon Wasson and, 38–39, 213
Timothy Leary’s discovery of, Mexico, 1–2, 37–41, 51, 69
Maher, Brendan, 88
Manchurian Candidate, The (film), 115
marijuana, 92, 114, 125, 178, 198, 226 Andrew Weil’s research, and, 144–48
“Leary Biscuits,” 197
raid of Millbrook estate and, 132–33
Richard Alpert and, 8
Timothy Leary’s arrests and convictions for possession, 119, 132, 170, 172, 175
Maslow, Abraham, 18
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 59, 61 Aldous Huxley lectures at, 2, 35, 44
Huston Smith at, 1, 35, 51, 137, 160
McClelland, David, 7, 9, 12–13, 20–21, 38, 44 at Center for Personality Research, 9
department meeting about Alpert/Leary research (1962), 88–89
psychedelics, opposition to, 44
McLuhan, Marshall, 123
McMillan, Byron, 175
“Meat-Eating, 230-Pound Doctor Is Now
a 174-Pound Vegetarian” (New York Times), 147
meditation, 31, 45, 112, 183, 228 “body scan,” 155
center, Massachusetts, 157
Ram Dass and popularization of, 219
Zen zazen, 159–63
Medium Is the Message, The (McLuhan), 123
Mellon, Andrew, 102
Mellon, William Larimer, 102
Mendez, Eva, 39
mescaline, 24–25, 36, 46, 58, 64, 65 Aldous Huxley and, 25, 56, 65, 213
Andrew Weil and, 24–25, 58–59, 93, 85, 144
Metzner, Ralph, 68–72, 73, 82, 101–2, 107–9, 113, 116, 117, 197, 197, 227
Meyer, Cord, 109, 110
Meyer, Mary Pinchot, 109–10
Millbrook estate, New York, 102, 111–18, 131 final year, 131–33
Gurdjieffian exercises employed at, 113
Richard Alpert’s bowling alley LSD experiment, 116
mindfulness, 155
“Molecular Revolution, The” (Leary), 139
Moody Blues, 2
Mothers of Invention, 128
Mount Zion Hospital, 143, 145
Murray, Harry, 110n
mysticism, 31, 33, 42, 43, 51, 79–80 Andrew Weil and, 58
Good Friday Experiment and, 62, 73–81
Huston Smith and, 34, 44–45, 47, 209
Huston Smith on psychedelics and, 141–43
mystical experience and psychedelic
drug effects, categories of, 79
non-drug approaches to, 152, 218–19
Ralph Metzner and, 70, 108–9
Richard Alpert and, 55, 158
Timothy Leary and, 57
Timothy Leary’s desire to replace psychotic model with mystical model, 77–78
“Mysticism in the Lab” (Time), 79–80
Natural Mind, The (Weil), 22, 95, 147–48, 163
Nature, 146
Neem Karoli Baba (Maharaji), 149–53, 156–57, 189
Nesbit, Lynn, 183
New Age movement, 190, 228
New England Journal of Medicine, 145–46
Newsweek, 86
Newton, Massachusetts, 7, 106 complaints filed against Alpert, 99–100
Grey Cliffe Road commune, 104, 106
Richard Alpert’s Kenwood Avenue
home in, 99–104, 106
Timothy Leary’s home in, 41, 48, 51, 70, 78–79, 93, 102
New York Times, 145, 147, 148
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 138–39
Nin, Anaïs, 176
Nisker, Wes “Scoop,” 154, 173, 173, 174
nitrous oxide, 43, 197
Nixon, Richard, 61, 85, 133, 147, 163, 214
Oaxaca, Mexico, 165
Ohio State University, 18
One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (Kesey), 8
Ono, Yoko, 174
Orlovsky, Lafcadio, 102
Orlovsky, Peter, 102
Osmond, Humphrey, 46, 64–65, 67, 68, 85
Osmond, Jane, 64–65
Pahnke, Walter, 73–82
Pain, Sex and Time (Heard), 30, 31
Paisner, Bruce, 92–93
peace movement, 121, 171, 221
Perennial Philosophy, The (Huxley), 33
peyote, 58, 64, 164
Pickett, Wilson, 126
Pine, Richard, 184
Plants of God, The (Schultes and Hofmann), 164
Playboy magazine, 123–25
P. O. Frisco newspaper, 136
Powers, Tom, 67
Prabhavananda, Swami, 31
Presnell, Madison, 68
Principles of Psychology, The (James), 43
psilocybin, 3, 63, 92, 102 Alpert’s first trip on, 54–56
Concord Prison Project and, 68–72
Good Friday Experiment, 73–81, 84
Harvard Psilocybin Project, 41, 48, 53, 54, 57–58, 59, 60, 61, 85, 86–99, 104, 110n, 129, 196, 197
Huston and Kendra Smith’s first trip on, 48–51
mushrooms (see magic mushrooms)
synthesized form, 53–54
Psychedelic Experience, The (Alpert, Leary, and Metzner), 70–71, 129
psychedelics, 2, 97, 108. See also specific drugs; specific people account of Albert Hofmann’s ingestion of LSD (1944), 62–63
account of Andrew Weil’s mescaline experience, 58–59
account of Bill Wilson’s LSD trip, 66–67
account of Don Lattin’s LSD trips, 223–26
account of Huston Smith’s first encounter with, 48–50
account of Paul Lee’s first trip, 78–79
account of R. Gordon Wasson’s magic mushroom ingestion, 39
account of Ralph Metzner’s trips, 70, 108–9
account of Timothy Leary’s first
encounter with, 40–41
accounts of participants in Good Friday Project, 80–81
antinomianism and, 139
Claremont Hotel, discussion on psychedelics (1990), 202
criminalization of LSD, 80, 112, 136, 141
distortion of space-time, 48, 57, 79, 224
DMT, 102, 132
etymology, 64, 65–66
as “heaven and hell” drugs, 49
Humphrey Osmond research on, 46, 64
Huston Smith break from Leary/Alpert on LSD, 137–40
impact on the way Americans think
about mind, body, and spirit, 3, 21, 41, 220–22
LSD, 3, 8, 62–64, 66–67, 102, 119, 134–35, 136–40, 202
magic mushrooms, 1–2, 37–41, 51, 63, 165–67
mescaline, 24–25, 36, 46, 56, 58–59, 64, 85, 93, 144, 213
mystical experience and drug effects, categories, 79
mysticism and, 48, 51, 55, 57, 58, 62, 70, 73, 108–9
nature of reality and, 214–15
out-of-body experiences and, 48–49, 55, 63
peyote, 58, 64, 164
political activism/social movements and, 138–39
psilocybin, 3, 41, 53–54, 63, 92, 102
psychology and, 41, 44, 52
salvia divinorum, 217
“set and setting,” 70–71, 227
Timothy Leary and Richard Alpert’s
research, Millbrook, 112
Timothy Leary backlash and crack-down on drug research, 217
Timothy Leary’s rules for tripping, 47
transformation and, 109, 164–65, 227, 228
in Zihuatanejo, Mexico, 107–10
psychology behaviorism, 18, 19, 69–70
consciousness-altering techniques, non-drug, 22, 112
consciousness research, 202
critics of Timothy Leary and Richard Alpert’s drug research, 19, 44, 87–90
Good Friday Experiment, 73–81
“the halo effect,” 72
Harvard’s history as center for inquiry, 42–43, 89–90
humanist movement, 18
“the Leary Circle” personality test, 19
LSD and alcoholism treatment, 66–67, 115
LSD experiments and, 64, 66, 115, 217
post–World War II, 17–18
roles and game playing, 69
Timothy Leary’s desire to replace
psychotic model with mystical
model, 77–78
Timothy Leary’s early years in, 18–19
Timothy Leary’s psychedelic approach, 41, 44, 52
William James and, 43
Pursuit of Loneliness, The (Slater), 213
Pusey, Nathan, 90, 93
Ram Dass. See Alpert, Richard (Ram Dass)
Ramparts magazine, 121
“Reaching Out” program, 191–92
Reagan, Ronald, 2, 173, 175, 214
Religions of Man, The (now The World’s Religions [Smith]), 33, 44 fiftieth anniversary of publication, 204–5
“Religious Significance of Artificially Induced Religious Experience, The” (Smith), 137
Relman, Arnold S., 184–85
Richards, Keith, 178
Richardson, Allan, 38–39
Riesman, David, 26
Riggs, Michael (Bhagavan Das), 149–50
Rinkel, Max, 211–12
Ripley, George, 105
Roddenberry, Gene, 203
Rogers, Carl, 18
Rolling Stones, 127, 178, 183 Altamont Speedway concert, 174–75
Exile on Main Street, 178
heroin and, 178, 179
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 85
Roshi, Goto. See Goto Roshi
Rossman, Michael, 190
Rubin, Jerry, 119, 199
Rush, Benjamin, 217
Russin, Joseph, 85, 86, 92, 93, 97
Salinger, J. D., 23
salvia divinorum, 217
Salzberg, Sharon, 154
samadhi, 152
Sandoz Laboratories, 53–54, 90, 202
San Francisco Andrew Weil in (1968), 143–47
drug culture and, 119–48
Fillmore Auditorium, 126–27, 128, 129–30
Haight-Ashbury, 129
Human Be-In, 119–21, 135
Love Pageant Rally, 135, 136
LSD conference (1966), 119–20, 139–40
Merry Pranksters and, 8
music scene, 127
psychedelic celebration in, 139
Richard Alpert in Haight-Ashbury, 118, 126–30
Summer of Love, 136
Timothy Leary in, 119–26
Trips Festival, 135
westward exodus to, 129, 143
San Francisco Chronicle, 121–22, 133, 145
San Francisco Oracle, 120, 136
San Francisco Zen Center, 139
satori, 159
Satprakashananda, Swami, 33–34
Schiller, Lawrence, 140
Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr., 85
Schultes, Richard Evans, 164
Secular City, The (Cox), 78
Seeger, Pete, 139
Separate Reality, A (Castaneda), 164
Seva Foundation, 157, 189–91
sexual revolution, 124–25, 126
sixties, decade of. See American life/culture
Skinner, B. F., 69–70
Slater, Philip, 212–14
Slick, Grace, 101
Smith, Huston, 1, 27–36, 29, 44–51, 73–81, 85, 137–43, 142, 159–63, 204–9 Aldous Huxley and, 2, 32–33, 35–36
altered consciousness, first experience, 28
autobiography, 207
childhood and early years, 27–30