Griffin, Peter. Along With Youth: Hemingway, The Early Years (New York: Oxford University Press, 1985).
Hagemann, Meyly Chin. “Hemingway’s Secret: From Visual to Verbal Art.” Journal of Modern Literature 7 (February 1979): 87–112.
Hannum, Howard L. “Soldier’s Home: Immersion Therapy and Lyric Pattern in ‘Big Two-Hearted River.’” Hemingway Review 3 (Spring 1984): 2–13.
Harkey, Joseph H. “The Africans and Francis Macomber.” Studies in Short Fiction 17 (Summer 1980): 345–48.
Hollander, John. “Hemingway’s Extraordinary Reality.” Modern Critical Views: Ernest Hemingway. Ed. Harold Bloom (New York: Chelsea Press, 1985).
Hutton, Virgil. “The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber.” University Review (Kansas City) 30 (Summer 1964): 253–63.
Jackson, Paul R. “Hemingway’s ‘Out of Season.’” Hemingway Review 1 (Fall 1981): 11–17.
———. “Point of View, Distancing, and Hemingway’s ‘Short Happy Life.’” Hemingway Notes 2 (Spring 1980): 2–16.
Johnston, Kenneth G. The Tip of the Iceberg: Hemingway and the Short Story (Greenwood, Fla.: Penkevill, 1987).
Kann, Hans-Joachim. “Perpetual Confusion in ‘A Clean, Well-Lighted Place’: The Manuscript Evidence.” Fitzgerald/Hemingway Annual (1977): 115–18.
Kerner, David. “Counterfeit Hemingway: A Small Scandal in Quotation Marks.” Journal of Modern Literature 12 (November 1985): 91–108.
———. “The Foundation of the True Text of ‘A Clean, Well-Lighted Place.’” Fitzgerald/Hemingway Annual (1979): 279–300.
———. “The Thomson Alternative.” Hemingway Review 4 (Fall 1984): 37–39.
Kvam, Wayne. “Hemingway’s ‘Under the Ridge.’” Fitzgerald/Hemingway Annual (1979): 225–40.
Kyle, Frank B. “Parallel and Complementary Themes in Hemingway’s ‘Big Two-Hearted River’ and ‘The Battler.’” Studies in Short Fiction 16 (1979): 295–300.
Lewis, Robert W., Jr., and Max Westbrook. “‘The Snows of Kilimanjaro’ Collated and Annotated.” Texas Quarterly 13 (Summer 1970): 64–143.
Light, Martin. “Of Wasteful Deaths: Hemingway’s Stories about the Spanish Civil War." Western Humanities Review 23 (Winter 1969): 29–42.
Lodge, David. “Analysis and Interpretation of the Realist Text: A Pluralistic Approach to Ernest Hemingway’s ‘Cat in the Rain.’” Poetics Today 1 (1980): 5–19.
Lounsberry, Barbara. “The Education of Robert Wilson.” Hemingway Notes 2 (Spring 1980): 29–32.
Lynn, Kenneth S. Hemingway (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1987).
McKenna, John J., and Marvin V. Peterson. “More Muddy Water: Wilson’s Shakespeare in ‘The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber.’” Studies in Short Fiction 18 (Winter 1981): 82–85.
Meyers, Jeffrey. Hemingway: A Biography. New York: Harper, 1985.
Monteiro, George. “Hemingway on Dialogue in ‘A Clean, Well-Lighted Place.‘” Fitzgerald/Hemingway Annual (1974): 243.
Nagel, James, ed. Ernest Hemingway: The Writer in Context (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1984). Includes:
Paul Smith, “The Tenth Indian and the Thing Left Out.”
Max Westbrook, “Grace under Pressure: Hemingway and the Summer of 1920.”
Parker, Hershel. Flawed Texts and Verbal Icons (Evanston, III.: Northwestern University Press, 1984).
Phelan, James. Reading People, Reading Plots (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989).
Reynolds, Michael S., ed. Critical Essays on Ernest Hemingway’s In Our Time (Boston: Hall, 1983). Includes:
Kathryn Zabelle Derounian, “An Examination of the Drafts of Hemingway’s Chapters “Nick sat against the wall of the church. . . .’”
E. R. Hagemann, “A Collation, with Commentary, of the Five Texts of the Chapters in Hemingway’s In Our Time.”
———. “‘Only Let the Story End as Soon as Possible’; Time and History in Hemingway’s In Our Time.”
Nicholas Gerogiannis, “Nick Adams on the Road: ‘The Battler’ as Hemingway’s Man on the Hill.”
Michael Reynolds, “Introduction: Looking Backward.” Paul Smith, “Some Misconceptions of ‘Out of Season.’”
———. Hemingway: The Paris Years (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1989).
———. The Young Hemingway (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1986).
Scholes, Robert. Semiotics and Interpretation (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1982).
———. Textual Power: Literary Theory and the Teaching of English (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1985).
Smith, Julian. “Christ Times Four: Hemingway’s Unknown Spanish Civil War Stories.” Arizona Quarterly 25 (Spring 1969): 5–17.
Smith, Paul. “Hemingway’s Early Manuscripts: The Theory and Practice of Omission.” Journal of Modern Literature 10 (July 1983): 268–88.
———. A Reader’s Guide to the Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway (Boston: Hall, 1989).
Spilka, Mark. “The Necessary Stylist: A New Critical Revision.” Modern Fiction Studies 6 (Winter 1960–61): 289–96.
———. “A Source for the Macomber ‘Accident’: Marryat’s Percival Keene.” Hemingway Review 3 (Spring 1984): 29–37.
———. “Warren Beck Revisited.” Modern Fiction Studies 22 (Summer 1976): 245–69.
Stephens, Robert O. “Macomber and the Somali Proverb: The Matrix of Knowledge.” Fitzgerald/Hemingway Annual (1977): 137–47.
Thomson, George H. “‘A Clean, Well-Lighted Place’: Interpreting the Original Text.” Hemingway Review 2 (Spring 1983): 32–43.
Wagner, Linda W., ed. Ernest Hemingway: Six Decades of Criticism (East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1987). Includes:
Bernard Oldsey, “Hemingway’s Beginnings and Endings.”
———. “The Marinating of For Whom the Bell Tolls.” Journal of Modern Literature 2 (November 1972): 533–46.
White, William. “‘Macomber’ Bibliography.” Hemingway Notes 5 (Spring 1980): 35–38.
Williams, Wirt. The Tragic Art of Ernest Hemingway (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1981).
Witherington, Paul. “Word and Flesh in Hemingway’s ‘On the Quai at Smyrna.’” Notes on Modern American Literature 2 (1978): Item 18.
Young, Philip. Ernest Hemingway: A Reconsideration. 1952 (New York: Harcourt, 1966).
About the Contributors
William Adair is an Instructor at San Joaquin Delta College, Stockton, California, and the author of a number of essays on Hemingway including “A Farewell to Arms: A Dream Book” and “Landscapes of the Mind: ‘Big Two-Hearted River,’” both reprinted in critical collections.
Nina Baym is LAS Jubilee Professor of English at the University of Illinois. Among her publications are Women’s Fiction: A Guide to Novels by and About Women in America, 1820–1870 and Novels, Readers, and Reviewers: Responses to Fiction in Antebellum America.
Susan F. Beegel is an independent scholar living on Nantucket. She is the author of Hemingway’s Craft of Omission: Four Manuscript Examples, and the editor of Hemingway’s Neglected Short Fiction: New Perspectives.
Warren Bennett is professor of English at the University of Regina in Regina, Canada. Among Hemingway scholars Bennett is best known for his work on “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place”; his most recent article is “That’s not very polite’: Sexual Identity in Hemingway’s ‘The Sea Change,’” which appeared in Susan Beegel’s collection of essays on Hemingway’s neglected stories.
Gerry Brenner is Professor of English at the University of Montana and the author of Concealments in Hemingway’s Works. He co-authored (with Earl Rovit) the revised edition of Ernest Hemingway, and he is in addition the author of many essays on Hemingway’s work.
Scott Donaldson, Louis G. T. Cooley Professor of English at the College of William and Mary, is the author of biographies of Winfield Townley Scott, Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and John Cheever.
Larry Edgerton is Senior Writing Instructor in a minorities program a
t the University of Wisconsin—Madison; he has published fiction, poetry, and critical articles on Dickens, Milton, twentieth-century literature, and composition theory.
Robert E. Fleming is Professor of English at the University of New Mexico. His articles on Hemingway have appeared in American Literature, Arizona Quarterly, Hemingway Review, Journal of Modern Literature, North Dakota Quarterly, and Studies in American Fiction.
E. R. Hagemann, a retired Professor of English and Humanities, has published articles on Hemingway, Fitzgerald, James, and Crane, among others. He resides in Louisville, Kentucky, and is working on a Hemingway project.
Howard L. Hannum is Associate Professor of English at La Salle University and the author of several articles on Hemingway’s work, including “Soldier’s Home: Immersion Therapy and Lyric Pattern in ‘Big Two-Hearted River’” and “The Case of Dr. Henry Adams.”
Steven K. Hoffman taught English at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and is now a lawyer in Washington, D.C. He is the author of several articles on modern American fiction and poetry.
Oddvar Holmesland is Associate Professor of English Literature at the University of Trondheim, Norway. He is the author of A Critical Introduction to Henry Green’s Novels: The Living Vision and “Freedom and Community in Joyce Cary’s Fiction: A Study of The Horse’s Mouth.”
David R. Johnson is Associate Professor of English at Lafayette College. He is the author of articles on American literature and culture and is currently completing a biography of American novelist Conrad Richter.
Kenneth G. Johnston is Professor of English at Kansas State University and the author of The Tip of the Iceberg: Hemingway and the Short Story; “Hemingway’s ‘Night Before Battle’: Don Quixote, 1937”; and “The Butterfly and the Tank’: Casualties of War.”
Wayne Kvam is Professor of English at Kent State University and is the author of Hemingway in Germany and “Hemingway’s ‘Under the Ridge.’”
Robert W. Lewis is Professor of English at the University of North Dakota and Editor of North Dakota Quarterly. He is the author of Hemingway on Love and edited Hemingway in Italy and Other Essays.
Kenneth Lynn is Arthur O. Lovejoy Professor of History Emeritus at Johns Hopkins University. His books on American writers include Mark Twain and Southwestern Humor; William Dean Howells: An American Life; and Hemingway.
Richard McCann, co-director of the MFA program in creative writing at American University, has published fiction and poetry in such periodicals as The Atlantic and Esquire and a book of poems, Dream of the Traveler.
Lawrence H. Martin, Jr., is Professor of English at Hampden-Sydney College, Virginia, and the author of “Stories That Can’t Be Hung: Miss Stein’s Use of ‘Inaccrochable’”; “The Tenses of Nature in ‘Big Two-Hearted River’”; and “Odd Exception or Mainstream Tradition: ‘The Shot’ in Context.”
Jeffrey Meyers is Professor of English at the University of Colorado and is the editor and author of many books, including Hemingway: The Critical Heritage and Hemingway: A Biography.
Debra A. Moddelmog is Assistant Professor of English at Ohio State University. She is the author of “Narrative Irony and Hidden Motivations in Katherine Anne Porter’s ‘He’” and “The Oedipus Myth and the Reader Response in Thomas Pynchon’s The Crying of Lot 49.”
George Monteiro is Professor of English at Brown University. He is the author of Robert Trost and the New England Renaissance and Double Weaver’s Knot: Poems, and the translator of Self-Analysis and Thirty Other Poems by Fernando Pessoa.
Bernard Oldsey is Professor of English at West Chester University and the editor of College Literature. Among the books he has published are Ernest Hemingway: The Papers of a Writer; Hemingway’s Hidden Craft; and The Art of William Golding.
Alice Hall Petry is Associate Professor of English at the Rhode Island School of Design, Providence. Her books include A Genius in His Way: The Art of Cable’s Old Creole Days; Fitzgerald’s Craft of Short Fiction; and Understanding Anne Tyler.
Robert Scholes is Professor of English and Comparative Literature at Brown University. He is the author of many influential books, including Textual Power: Literary Theory and the Teaching of English and Protocols of Reading.
Pamela Smiley teaches at the University of Wisconsin—Madison and is currently working on an analysis of the effects of orthodoxy on Roman Catholic women authors.
Paul Smith, James J. Goodwin Professor of English at Trinity College, is the author of A Reader’s Guide to the Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway and of a number of articles on Hemingway.
Ben Stoltzfus is Professor of French, Comparative Literature, and Creative Writing at the University of California, Riverside. He is a novelist and critic, as well as the author of Postmodern Poetics and “Hemingway’s The Garden of Eden: A Post-Lacanian Reading.”
William Braasch Watson, a Professor of Modern European History at M.I.T., has published widely on Spanish history and edited “Hemingway’s Spanish Civil War Dispatches” for The Hemingway Review.
Robert P. Weeks was Professor of Humanities at the Residential College at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, and the editor of Commonwealth vs. Sacco and Vanzetti and Hemingway: A Collection of Critical Essays.
Amberys R. Whittle, Professor of English at Georgia Southern University, is the author of “ ‘The Dust of Seasons’: Time in the Poetry of Trumbull Stickney” and “Modern Chivalry: The Frontier as Crucible,” and editor of The Poems of Trumbull Stickney.
Hubert Zapf is Professor of English and American Literature at the University of Paderborn, West Germany, and the author of Saul Bellow; Theory and Structure of Modern English Drama; and other articles on English and American literature and literary theory.
Jackson J. Benson is Professor of American Literature at San Diego State University. He is the author of Hemingway: The Writer’s Art of Self-Defense and The True Adventures of John Steinbeck, Writer: A Biography, and editor of The Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway: Critical Essays and The Short Novels of John Steinbeck: Critical Essays.
Permissions
“The Art of the Short Story” by Ernest Hemingway, reprinted from the Paris Review 79 (1981), copyright 1981 by the Ernest Hemingway Foundation. Preface to the essay copyright 1981 by the Paris Review.
“The Unifying Consciousness of a Divided Conscience: Nick Adams as Author of In Our Time” by Debra A. Moddelmog, reprinted from American Literature 60 (December 1988), copyright 1988 by Duke University Press.
“Decoding Papa: ‘A Very Short Story’ As Work and Text” by Robert Scholes, reprinted from Semiotics and Interpretation by Robert Scholes, copyright 1982 by Yale University Press.
“Hemingway’s ‘After the Storm’: A Lacanian Reading” by Ben Stoltzfus, first printing in this volume.
“Structuralism and Interpretation: Ernest Hemingway’s ‘Cat in the Rain’” by Oddvar Holmesland, reprinted from English Studies 62 (June 1986), copyright 1986 by Swets & Zeitlinger bv.
“‘That Always Absent Something Else’: ‘A Natural History of the Dead’ and Its Discarded Coda” by Susan F. Beegel, reprinted from Hemingway’s Craft of Omission: Four Manuscript Examples by Susan F. Beegel, copyright 1988 by Susan Field Beegel.
“Reflection vs. Daydream: Two Types of the Implied Reader in Hemingway’s Fiction” by Hubert Zapf, reprinted from College Literature 15 (1988), copyright 1988 by West Chester University.
“ ‘Actually, I Felt Sorry for the Lion’” by Nina Baym, first printing in this volume.
“‘Old Man at the Bridge’: The Making of a Short Story” by William Braasch Watson, reprinted from Hemingway Review 7 (Spring 1988), copyright 1988 by Ohio Northern University.
“Hemingway’s Apprentice Fiction, 1919—1921” by Paul Smith, reprinted from American Literature 58 (December 1986), copyright 1986 by Duke University Press.
“The Troubled Fisherman” by Kenneth S. Lynn, reprinted from Hemingway by Kenneth S. Lynn, copyright 1988 by Kenneth S. Lynn.
“Fro
m ‘Sepi Jingan’ to ‘The Mother of a Queen’: Hemingway’s Three Epistemologic Formulas for Short Fiction” by Gerry Brenner, first printing in this volume.
“Nada and the Clean, Well-Lighted Place: The Unity of Hemingway’s Short Fiction” by Steven K. Hoffman, reprinted from Essays in Literature 6 (1979), copyright 1979 by Western Illinois University.
“ ‘Only Let the Story End As Soon As Possible’: Time-and-History in Ernest Hemingway’s In Our Time” by E. R. Hagemann, reprinted from Modern Fiction Studies 26 (1980), copyright 1980 by the Purdue Research Foundation.
“‘Long time ago good, now no good’: Hemingway’s Indian Stories” by Robert W. Lewis, first printing in this volume.
“Hemingway’s ‘Banal Story’” by Wayne Kvam, reprinted from the Fitzgerald-Hemingway Annual (1974), copyright 1974 by Bruccoli Clark Layman.
“This is My Pal Bugs’: Ernest Hemingway’s ‘The Battler’” by George Monteiro, reprinted from Studies in Short Fiction 23 (Spring 1986), copyright 1986 by Newberry College.
“Preparing for the End: Hemingway’s revisions of ‘A Canary for One’” by Scott Donaldson, reprinted from Studies in American Fiction 6 (1978), copyright 1978 by Northeastern University.
“El Pueblo Espanol: ‘The Capital of the World’” by Bernard Oldsey, reprinted from Studies in American Fiction 13 (Spring 1985), copyright 1985 by Northeastern University.
“The Poor Kitty and the Padrone and the Tortoise-shell Cat in ‘Cat in the Rain’” by Warren Bennett, reprinted from Hemingway Review 8 (Fall 1988), copyright 1988 by Ohio Northern University.
“Hemingway’s ‘The Denunciation’: The Aloof American” by Kenneth G. Johnston, reprinted from Fitzgerald-Hemingway Annual (1979), copyright 1979 by Bruccoli Clark Layman.
“To Embrace or Kill: ‘Fathers and Sons’” by Richard McCann, reprinted from Iowa Journal of Literary Studies 3 (1981), copyright 1981 by the University of Iowa.
“Wise-Guy Narrator and Trickster Out-Tricked in Hemingway’s ‘Fifty Grand’” by Robert P. Weeks, reprinted from Studies in American Fiction 10 (1982), copyright 1982 by Northeastern University.
New Critical Approaches to the Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway Page 71