by Martin Booth
   Inglis, Brian The Opium War – Hodder & Stoughton (London: 1976)
   Kaplan, David E. & Dubro, Alec Yakuza – Futura (London: 1987)
   Kemp, E.G. Chinese Mettle – Hodder & Stoughton (London: 1921)
   Keswick, Maggie (ed) The Thistle and the Jade – Octopus Books (London: 1982)
   Kohn, Marek Narcomania: On Heroin – Faber & Faber (London: 1987)
   La Motte, Ellen Newbold The Ethics of Opium – Century (New York: 1924)
   Lamour, Catherine & Lamberti, Michael R. The Second Opium War – Allen Lane (London: 1974)
   Laurie, Peter Drugs – Penguin (London: 1967)
   Lewin, Louis Phantastica – Kegan Paul (London: 1931)
   Lewis, Eric Black Opium – Marshall (London: 1910)
   McCoy, Alfred W. Drug Traffic – Harper & Row (Sydney: 1980)
   McCoy, Alfred W. The Politics of Heroin – Lawrence Hill Books (New York: 1991)
   Matthews, Peter (ed.) The Guinness Book of Records: 1994 – Guinness Publishing (Enfield, Middlesex: 1993)
   Mills, James The Underground Empire – Sidgwick & Jackson (London: 1987)
   Morton, James Gangland – Little, Brown (London: 1992)
   Musto, David S. The American Disease – Yale University Press (New Haven: 1973)
   O’Brien, Joseph F. & Kurins, Andris Boss of Bosses – Simon & Schuster (New York: 1991).
   Parssinen, Terry M. Secret Passions, Secret Remedies – Manchester University Press (Manchester: 1983)
   Posner, Gerald L. Warlords of Crime – Macdonald/Queen Anne Press (London: 1988)
   Pullinger, Jackie Crack in the Wall – Hodder & Stoughton (London: 1989)
   Pullinger, Jackie (with Quicke, Andrew) Chasing the Dragon – Hodder & Stoughton (London: 1980)
   Robinson, Jeffrey The Laundrymen – Simon & Schuster (London: 1994)
   Robson, Michael Opium: The Poisoned Poppy – Form Asia Books Ltd (Hong Kong: 1992)
   Rowntree, Joshua The Opium Habit in the East – P.S. King (London: 1895)
   Schenk, Gustav The Book of Poisons – Weidenfeld and Nicolson (London: 1956)
   Scott, J.M. The White Poppy – Heinemann (London: 1969)
   Seagrave, Sterling The Soong Dynasty – Sidgwick & Jackson (London: 1985)
   Seagrave, Sterling Lords of the Rim – Bantam (London: 1995)
   Spencer, C.P. & Navaratnam, V. Drug Abuse in East Asia – Oxford University Press (Kuala Lumpur: 1981)
   Steegmuller, Francis Cocteau – Macmillan (London: 1970)
   Sterling, Claire Crime Without Frontiers – Little Brown (London: 1994)
   Stockley, David Drug Warning – Optima (London: 1992)
   Sultzberger, Hartmann Henry All about Opium – Wertheimer, Lea & Co. (London: 1884)
   Taylor, Norman Plant Drugs that Changed the World – Allen & Unwin (London: 1967)
   Terry, Charles E. & Pellens, Mildred The Opium Problem – Patterson Smith (New Jersey: 1970)
   Thelwall, A.S. The Iniquities of the Opium Trade with China – Allen (London: 1839)
   Waley, Arthur The Opium War Through Chinese Eyes – Allen and Unwin (London: 1958)
   Ward, Iain Sui Geng: The Hong Kong Marine Police 1841–1950 – Hong Kong University Press (Hong Kong: 1991)
   Welsh, Frank A History of Hong Kong – HarperCollins (London: 1993)
   White, Barbara-Sue Turbans and Traders – Oxford University Press (Hong Kong: 1994)
   White, Edmund & Humphrey, John Pharmacopedia – Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co. Ltd (London: 1909)
   (various) The War Against Opium International Anti-Opium Association (Peking) – Tsientsin Press (Tsientsin: 1922)
   (various) Findings and Recommendations of the Opium Investigation Commission appointed by the Philippine Commission: 1904
   (various) Hong Kong 1995 – The Government Printer/Hong Kong (Hong Kong: 1995)
   Booklets/pamphlets
   Briefing Book: US Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration (September 1992)
   Colombian Opiate Assessment: US Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration (June 1994)
   The Geopolitical Drug Dispatch: (no. 42, April 1995; no. 45, July 1995; no. 46, August 1995)
   Illicit Drug Trafficking and Use in the United States: US Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration (September 1993)
   Money Laundering – Guidance Notes for Insurance Business: Office of the Commissioner of Insurance, Hong Kong Government (1995)
   National Narcotics Intelligence Consumers Committee (NNICC) Report 1992: US Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration (September 1993)
   National Narcotics Intelligence Consumers Committee (NNICC) Report 1994: US Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration (August 1995)
   Opiate Trafficking in India: US Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration (February 1994)
   Opium Poppy Cultivation in Southeast Asia: US Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration (September 1993)
   Pakistan fights Narcotics Menace: Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of Pakistan (1992)
   Source to the Street: US Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration (September 1993)
   Statistics of drugs seizures and offenders dealt with, United Kingdom 1992: The Home Office Statistical Bulletin (Issue 30/9, October 1993)
   Worldwide Heroin Situation Report 1992: US Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration (March 1994)
   Papers
   Bruce, Neil C.; Caswell, Deborah A.; French, Christopher E.; Hailes, Anne M.; Long, Marianne T. & Willey, David L. ‘Towards Engineering Pathways for the Synthesis of Analgesics and Antitussives’ Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences: 2 May 1994
   Bruce, Neil C.; Wilmot, Clare J.; Jordan, Keith N.; Stephens, Lauren D. Gray & Lowe, Christopher R. ‘Microbial degradation of the morphine alkaloids’ Journal of Biochemistry: volume 274, 1991
   Bryant, Robert J. ‘The manufacture of medicinal alkaloids from the opium poppy – a review of a traditional biotechnology’ Chemistry and Industry: 7 March 1988
   Lecky, Rhonda Anne ‘Biotechnological Evaluation of Papaver bracteatum Cell Cultures’: a thesis presented to the University of Dublin for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Pharmacognosy (November 1991)
   Journalistic sources
   Bangkok Post (Thailand); Eastern Express (Hong Kong); Hongkong Standard (Hong Kong); Independent on Sunday (London); Newsweek (USA); Observer (London); South China Morning Post (Hong Kong); Sunday Telegraph (London); Sunday Times (London); Time (USA); Washington Post (USA)
   Index
   The index that appeared in the print version of this title does not match the pages in your eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.
   abcesses
   acetic anhydride
   aconite
   Acosta, Dr
   acupuncture
   addiction
   babies born with addiction or disposition to drugs
   changing attitudes to
   child addicts
   cures and treatments
   defined by World Health Organisation
   famous addicts of Romantic period
   famous addicts of 20th century
   moderage drug use
   morphinism
   origins of heroin addiction
   physiological mechanisms
   social effects
   symptoms and types
   tolerance
   withdrawal sickness
   history
   ancient Greece and Rome
   Middle Ages
   Great Britain (1920s)
   Great Britain (1940s–60s)
   Great Britain (1970s–90s)
   USA (1920s–30s)
   USA (1940s–70s)
   USA (1980s–90s)
   see also China, notably; Hong Kong, notably
   present/recent addiction rates
   Afghanistan
 &nbs
p; China
   France
   Germany
   Great Britain
   Hong Kong
   India
   Iran
   Italy
   Japan
   Mexico
   Netherlands
   Pakistan
   Russia
   Spain
   Thailand
   USA
   Vietnam
   Addiction Research Centre (Lexington)
   Adriatic
   Aesculapeius
   Afghan (ship)
   Afghanistan
   see also Golden Crescent, notably
   destinations of opium exports
   and international controls
   opium production
   Africa
   African–American street gangs
   Agent Orange defoliant
   Agrippina, Empress
   AIDS
   Air America/Civil Air Transport (CAT)
   Air Laos Commerciale
   ‘Air Opium’ (American) see Air America
   ‘Air Opium’ (French)
   Albania/ns (bis)
   alcohol
   alcoholism
   in heroin refining
   Prohibition
   Islam forbids
   Aleppo
   Alexander, Joseph Grundy
   Algren, Nelson
   The Man With the Golden Arm
   alkaloids
   definition and formation
   discovery
   types
   Albutt, Dr T. Clifford
   Allen and Hanburys
   Alston, Dr
   American Civil War (bis)
   American Express
   American Medical Association
   New and Non-Official Remedies (1906)
   American War of Independence
   Amoy
   amphetamines
   Amsterdam
   anaesthetics
   analgesics
   Anderson, Winslow
   anhalonium
   Anslinger, Harry
   Anti-Drug Abuse Act (US 1986)
   Apalachin, ‘godfathers’ meeting
   Apothecaries’ Company
   Apollinaire, Guillaume
   Arabs bis
   Arderne, John
   Argentina
   Arif family
   Armenia
   arms dealing
   ‘army disease’
   Arnold, Dr Thomas
   Arnot, Mr, quoted on poppies
   Arrow (sailing vessel)
   ‘Arrow War’
   art/artists
   Arunchal Pradesh
   Asavahme, Vatana
   aspirin (acetylsalcylic acid)
   Assam
   asset-sharing
   Assyrians bis
   Asurbanipal, King
   Atkinson’s Infants’ Preservative
   Aubagne
   Auric, Georges
   Australia/ns
   Chinese in
   money laundering legislation
   smuggler caught
   syndicates
   US troops in
   Austria
   Austro-Hungarians
   Averroes
   Avicenna
   Awaji Naru
   Azerbaijan
   babies and infants
   born with addiction/disposition to drugs
   opiate-based soothers
   used in smuggling
   baby milk companies
   Bacon, Robert
   Bactria
   Bahamas
   Baker, Ginger
   Bakyan Mountains
   bala goli (opium sweets)
   Balkans
   Balkan Route (bis)
   Ball, John
   Baltimore
   Balzac, Honoré de
   Comedie du Diable
   Ban Hin Taek (Thailand)
   Ban Houei Sai (Laos)
   banditry
   Bangkok
   Bangladesh
   Bank for Credit and Commerce International (BCCI)
   barbiturates
   Barbosa, Duarte
   Barton, Dr
   Basque Separatists (ETA)
   Batholow, Dr R.
   Battle of Chuenpi
   Battle of Fatshan Creek
   Battle of Hahlam Bay
   Battle of Kowloon
   Battley’s Drops
   Baudelaire, Charles
   Bayer Company
   Beardsley, Aubrey
   Beddoes, Dr Thomas
   Beijing (Peking)
   Beijing conference (1995)
   Beirut
   Bekaa Valley
   Belize
   belladonna
   Belon, Pierre
   Benares
   Bengal
   Bentley, Professor
   ‘Bentley Compounds’
   benzedrine
   Berlin
   Berlioz, Hector
   Betsy (sloop)
   Betts, Dr Thaddeus
   Bias (Daya) bay
   Binh Xuyen (syndicate)
   Birdwood, Sir George
   black people
   Black Sea area
   Blake, Michael
   Blandford, Marquis of
   blood poisoning
   Boggs, Eli
   Bogota
   Bogue forts
   Bolivia
   Bomanjee Hormusjee (ship)
   Bombay
   bomoh (Muslim doctors)
   Boswell, James
   Life of Johnson
   Boy George
   Boyle, Robert
   The Skeptical Chymist
   Brade, Professor
   Brain, Sir Russell/Brain Report
   ‘brat packers’
   Brazil
   Brent, Bishop Charles Henry
   Brereton, W.H.
   The Truth About Opium
   Bridgman, Elijah
   Bridport
   Brinks-Mat bullion robbery
   Bristol
   Britannicus
   British Medical Association
   British Pharmacopoeia (19th century)
   Brontë, Bramwell
   ‘Brown Mixture’, Dr Barton’s
   Browne, Sir Thomas
   Browning, Elizabeth Barrett
   Bruce, Dr Neil
   Bruce, Lenny
   Buchalter, Louis
   Bucharest
   Buddhist priests
   Bulgaria
   Bulgarian Secret Service (KDS)
   buprenorphine
   Bureau of Drug Abuse Control (US)
   Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (US)
   Bureau of Prohibition (US)
   Burma (Union of Myanmar)
   See also Golden Triangle, notably
   Burmans
   early trade
   and international controls
   Master Plan for the Development of Border Areas and National Races
   opium smoking technique
   output
   programmes of crop eradication
   relations with Shan people see Shan
   State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC)
   Burroughs, William
   The Naked Lunch
   Burton, Robert
   Anatomy of Melancholy
   Bush, President
   Byron, Lord
   Cabot, John
   cadavers used in smuggling
   caffeine
   Caine, Hall
   Calcutta
   Cali cartel
   California
   calomel
   Calpol
   Cambodia (Kampuchea)
   Cambridge University Institute of Biotechnology
   Canada
   cannabis
   Canton (Guangzhou)
   17th–18th centuries
   19th century
   20th century
   Canton Register (newspaper)
   Carbon Dioxide Therapy (CDT)
   Carbone, Paul Bonnaventure
   Caribbean
   Carleton, Billie
   Caroline (ship)
   cartels
   casinos
   Castellano,
 Paul
   castor oil
   Castro, Fidel
   Cavento, Joseph
   Cayman Islands
   ‘centipedes’ (Chinese river craft)
   Central America
   Central Asian republics
   Central Commission for the Suppression of Opium, Chinese
   Central Intelligence Agency see CIA
   Ceres (goddess of fertility)
   Cesari, Joseph
   Chad
   champagne
   Chan Chi-fu see Khun Sa
   Chan Tse-chiu (‘Fast Eddie’)
   Chang, Brilliant
   Chang Chien (explorer)
   Changi airport
   Changteh (town)
   Channel Tunnel
   Channon, Olivia
   charcoal, activated
   Chart Thai Party
   Chatterjee, Ramanamdra
   Chaucer, Geoffrey
   Chechnya
   Chefoo Convention
   Chekiang province
   chemical fingerprinting system
   Chen k’ou (town)
   Chen Ping-chun (spy)
   Chennault, General Claire
   Chiang Ching-kuo, President
   Chiang Hsiao-wu (Alex Chiang)
   Chiang Kai-shek, Generalissimo
   Chiang Mai (town)
   Chicago
   Ch’ien Lung, Emperor
   Chien Sha Tsin (village)
   Chile
   China
   Imperial China
   early history
   17th-early 19th centuries
   First Opium War (1840–42)
   Second Opium War (1856–60)
   19th-early 20th centuries
   traditional opium smoking
   attempts to eradicate opium
   (non-drugs) imports and exports listed
   Chinese Republic
   Criminal Code
   and international controls
   Sino-Japanese War (1937)
   opium exports
   production and use of heroin
   Triads see own heading
   Chinese expatriots
   in America
   in Asia
   in Britain
   in Burma
   in Hong Kong
   in Italy
   in Shan states
   in Thailand
   world-wide networks
   China Inland Mission
   China Year Book quoted
   Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs
   Chinese Passengers Act (UK 1855)
   Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA)
   Chinese Repository, The (journal)
   Chinchow bay
   Chiu Chau Triads
   chlorates
   Chlorodyne
   chloroform
   cholera
   Chowning, Mrs
   Christison, Professor
   Ch’u Hsien (town)
   Chui A-pou (pirate)
   Churchill, Lord Randolph
   CIA (Central Intelligence Agency)
   and Afghanistan
   and French Connection
   and Middle East
   and Nicaragua
   and Sicily
   and Syria
   and Yakuza
   involvement in money laundering
   cigarettes with heroin