Circle of Treason

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Circle of Treason Page 27

by Sandra V. Grimes


  Anderson, Mike, 145

  Andrew, Christopher, 133

  Andropov Institute, 71

  Angleton, James Jesus, 4, 13, 21, 28, 32, 41, 64

  ANLACE Task Force, 107–8, 145

  Arafat, Yasir, 8

  “back room” security procedures, 17, 18–19, 102, 116–17

  Barnett, David Henry, 70–71, 190

  Batitskiy, P. F., 39

  Bearden, Milton, 19, 68, 100, 103, 118, 133, 175

  Black Hat theory, 21, 31, 37

  blackmail tactics, 90

  Blackshear, Tom, 24

  Blee, David, 37–38, 100, 105

  Bloch, Felix, 114, 183

  Boeckenhaupt, Herbert, 27

  Bogatyy, Anatoliy, 6

  Bokhan, Sergey Ivanovich, 15, 72–75, 96

  Bracy, Arnold, 18, 109–10

  British intelligence, 80, 97

  Brom, Libor, 10

  BUCKLURE, 108

  Buster communication system, 46–47

  Campbell, Barbara, 107

  Carlson, Rod, 88

  Caruso, Tim, 107, 145

  Casey, William, 7, 8, 92, 94, 99

  Central Intelligence Agency (CIA): access agents, 22–23, 165; counterintelligence awareness training in, 116; deemphasis of KGB target by, 132–33, 175; employment of family members by, 161–62; FBI cooperation with, 146–48, 190–91; KGB penetration of, 133; women’s assignments in, 1–2, 11

  Cherepanov, Aleksandr Nikolayevich, 23, 75

  Cherkashin, Viktor Ivanovich, 70, 88–89, 91, 97–98, 157, 160, 168, 169, 170, 186

  Chernenko, Konstantin, 95

  Chernov, Nikolay, 63–64

  Chuvakhin, Sergey Dmitriyevich, 140–41, 143, 167–69, 170, 172

  CIA Career Training course, 5, 162

  CIA Counterintelligence Center, 112–13, 127; Ames’ assignment to, 174–75. See also CIC/Special Investigations Unit

  CIA Counterintelligence Group (SE Division): in dissemination of counterintelligence products, 7–8, 15; reorganization of, 112

  CIA Counternarcotics Center, 175

  CIA Directorate of Operations, 112, 151; career management staff, 15–16; case management control in, 32; duty officer role in, 6–7; officers’ pseudonyms, 138–39

  CIA “KGB Working Group,” 175

  CIA Office of Security, 101, 106, 125, 130, 189

  CIA Operational Training course, 12–13

  CIA Soviet and East European Division. See Soviet and East European entries

  CIA/FBI joint operations unit, 87

  CIC/Special Investigations Unit: computer security for, 128–29; Congressional ambivalence toward, 159; final report of, 143–44; formation of, 127–28; official recognition of team members, 153–54. See also mole hunt

  CKDYNAMITE, 164

  CKKAYO, 56

  CKQUARTZ, 78

  CKRUN, 64

  CKSPHERE, 75

  CKTRIGON, 163

  CKUTOPIA, 78

  CKWORTH, 73

  Clarridge, Duane R., 163

  Clinton, William J., 154

  Colby, William, 32, 33

  Cold War: end of, 95; Polyakov view of, 42–43

  Colin T (CIA), 71

  Combest, Larry, 151

  communication plans and devices:

  KGB compromise of CIA

  secure communications, 99;

  link with Polyakov, 37–28;

  secret writing in Okhota magazine and, 52–53; security test of system of, 103; “Unique” two-way system development, 45–47, 48–49. See also espionage tactics and gear

  computer databases in mole hunt, 105–6

  Confessions of a Spy (Earley), 159–60

  Conrad, Clyde, 83–84, 184

  counterintelligence investigations, 189–90

  Counterintelligence/Special Task Force (CI/STF): formation of, 104–5; interaction with FBI task force by, 107–8; Lonetree investigation and, 109–10. See also mole hunt

  Counternarcotics Center, 175

  COURTSHIP joint operations unit, 87, 190

  Crockett, Vincent, 59, 60

  Cuban intelligence, 115

  Cummings, William B., 159

  Dan N (CIA), 104, 105, 110, 114, 125

  David S (CIA), 165

  DeConcini, Dennis, 150, 151

  Department of Justice, 154

  Dick C (CIA), 46, 73, 74–75, 102

  DIONYSUS, 90

  Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire (DST), 80, 81, 114, 183

  Divilkovskiy, Sergey Ivanovich, 140

  Donner, Mike, 145

  double agents, 55; Ames’ compromise of, 174–75

  Downing, Jack, 117

  Drummond, Nelson, 27

  Dunlap, Jack, 27

  Dupuy, Rosario Casas. See Ames, Rosario

  Earley, Pete, 159

  Eckstein, Sue, 116–17

  Edger, David, 115, 146, 147, 153

  Edwards, John, 2

  El Salvador, 116

  Ellsberg, Daniel, 61

  Epstein, Edward Jay, 55, 61

  espionage tactics and gear:

  cameras, 36, 71, 73, 76, 81, 96–97; concealment devices, 44–45; dead drops, 27, 46, 58, 76, 175–76, 186; internal communications plans, 37, 75; secret writing, 52–53; signal sites, 27, 28, 40, 46, 59–60, 86, 139, 176; spy dust, 93. See also communication plans and devices

  Evans, Joe, 21, 32

  Fabiew, Serge, 64

  Fahey, Helen, 154

  false defectors, 21–22, 75; Polyakov as suspected, 29–30

  “false flag” operation, 114–15, 121

  FAREWELL, 6, 81

  FBI/CIA joint operations unit, 87

  Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI): Ames’ compromise of sources of, 87–88; analysts status in, 128; attitude toward female professionals, 57; Chernov operation and, 63–64; CIA cooperation with, 146–48, 190–91; doubts concerning, in mole hunt, 131–32; investigation of Ames by, 85–86, 145–48; investigation of Howard by, 98; investigation task force unit, 107–8; Kulak operation and, 56; Motorin operation and, 89; in non-Ames-related mole hunt, 184; observation of Soviet Embassy by, 141; Polyakov operation and, 27

  FEDORA, 55, 61

  Fedorenko, Sergey Petrovich, 122–24, 164, 173

  female professionals: Ames’ attitude toward, 180–81; CIA career tracks for, 5, 11; FBI attitude toward, 57

  Filatov, Anatoliy Nikolayevich, 15, 59

  Fischer, Joe, 180

  Fitzgerald, Myrna, 117

  Forden, Dave, 17, 72, 100

  French intelligence, 80, 81, 114, 183

  Friberg, Frank, 4

  Fulton, Bob, 75

  Gates, Robert, 151

  George, Clair, 18

  Gerber, Burton, 16, 17, 18, 23, 24, 53, 68, 72, 99–100, 101, 111, 114

  Germany, 83, 91

  Gikman, Reino, 114

  glasnost, 95

  Glickman, Dan, 150–51

  Golitsyn, Anatoliy Mikhaylovich: debriefing of, 4–5; defection of, 4, 20–21; on false defectors, 29–30

  Gorbachev, Mikhail, 95

  Gordievsky, Oleg Antonovich, 72, 80, 97; compromise of, 169–70

  Gore, Albert, 154

  Grimes, Gary, 13

  Grimes, Sandra, 7, 57, 114, 116; on Ames, 178, 180, 186–87; in Ames mole hunt, 139, 141, 146, 148; Chernov operation and, 62–63; conversion to professional status, 13–14; in Counterintelligence Group, 15; on GTPROLOGUE case, 118, 119; in mole hunt, 110–11, 120, 121, 123, 128, 131, 134, 136, 143, 144; official recognition of, 153, 159; Poleshchuk operation and, 65–66, 68; post–mole hunt career, 183; recruitment of, 10–11; in SE Division, 17–19; in Soviet Bloc Division, 12

  GRU: American servicemen spying for, 27; false defectors and, 21; illegal agents of, 24, 27, 30; leak of U.S. military plans and, 83; Soviet Bloc division in targeting, 12; study of officer attributes, 24–25

  GRU Military-Diplomatic Academy (MDA), 49

  GRU Today, The (Vertefeuille), 7

  GRU training manual, 50

  GTA
BSORB operation, 104

  GTACCORD, 83

  GTBLIZZARD, 73

  GTCOWL, 93

  GTEASTBOUND, 104

  GTGAUZE, 90

  GTGENTILE, 88

  GTJOGGER, 70

  GTMEDIAN, 114

  GTPROLOGUE operation, 19, 117–19

  GTPYRRHIC, 122

  GTTAW operation, 97

  GTTICKLE, 97

  GTT WINE, 71

  GTVANQUISH, 75

  GTWEIGH, 64, 179–80

  Guerin, Rudy, 145

  Guilsher, John, 76

  Hanssen, Robert, 55, 64, 72, 87, 88, 90, 114, 183; betrayal of Polyakov by, 26–27; comparison with Ames, 184–87

  Hathaway, Gus, 9, 15, 16, 23, 58, 61, 76, 100–101, 104, 112, 114

  Hausmann, Cynthia, 16, 57–58

  Heuer, Richards, 12, 34

  Hitz, Frederick P., 151

  Holt, Jim, 88, 107, 127–28, 133, 145, 152, 153

  Hoover, J. Edgar, 56

  Horton, John, 25

  Hoschouer, Jack, 185

  House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (HPSCI), 150–51, 159

  Howard, Edward Lee, 72, 77, 95, 96, 114, 136, 167; compromise of Vasilyev by, 84; defection of, 98

  Hulkower, Mark, 154, 156

  Hungarian military intelligence, 83

  Hutton, Timothy, 160

  Illegal Agents, 24, 30–31, 91

  Indonesia operations, 70–71

  Institute of the United States and Canada (IUSAC), 114, 122

  JADE, 55

  Jeanmaire, Jean-Louis, 64

  Jim F (CIA), 28–29, 30, 34

  John B (CIA), 65, 66–67

  John Paul II, 8

  Joseph F (CIA), 7

  JOYRIDE, 138

  KAHLUA, 71

  Kalaris, George, 15, 56, 64

  Kampiles, William, 73–74

  Kapitsa, Mikhail, 36

  Kapitsa Document, 36, 44

  Kapusta, Peter, 21, 32

  Karetkin, Yuriy, 157, 176

  Karpovich, Serge, 16

  Kelley, Brian, 184

  KGB: Ames’ “big dump” of case documents to, 169–70; Ames’ initial overtures to, 167–69; compromise of CIA electronic communications by, 99; deception operations, 85; deemphasis as target by CIA, 132–33, 175; false defectors and, 21; mini-bombs operation, 91; Mr. X as deceptive practice of, 103–4; officer aliases, 132; prioritization of espionage investigations by, 85; study on KGB officer attributes, 24

  KGB Eighth Chief Directorate, 78

  KGB Scientific and Technical Directorate, 58–59, 81

  KGB Second Chief Directorate, 75, 93, 118

  KGB Working Group, 175

  KH-11 spy satellite, 73

  Khrenkov, Aleksey, 141, 172–73, 173

  Killer Spy (Maas), 146, 160

  Kingsley, Rolfe, 33, 37

  Kisevalter, George, 6

  Koecher, Karel, 124–25, 163–64

  Kovich, Dick, 13

  Krasilnikov, Rem Sergeyevich, 69–70

  Kulak, Aleksey Isidorovich, 14, 15, 82; attempted exfiltration of, 61–62; bona fides of, 56–57, 59; compromise of, 61; death of, 62; FBI and CIA relationship in case management, 56, 58; recruitment of, 55; scope of access of, 58–59

  Latin America, 114–15

  Legend: The Secret World of Lee Harvey Oswald (Epstein), 61

  Leven, Charles, 91, 92

  Lomac, Walter, 12, 16, 22, 31, 33–34

  Lonetree, Clayton, 18, 108–10, 111

  Lunden, Danielle, 145

  Lysov, Yuriy, 109

  Maas, Peter, 146, 160

  Mabey, John, 27, 28, 30

  Martynov, Valeriy Fedorovich, 87–88, 98, 104, 128, 168, 190

  McCoy, Faith, 7, 15

  McCoy, Leonard, 22, 56, 57

  McLendon, Art, 107

  McWilliams, Larry, 57

  Mechulayev, Vladimir, 157, 172, 173, 176

  MEGAS, 90

  Milburn, Jim, 107, 127–28, 131, 133, 143, 145, 152, 153

  military technological espionage, 44

  Military Thought (Soviet journal), 43–44, 50, 73

  mini-bombs operations, 91

  Mislock, Ray, 127, 129

  Mister X, 18, 103–4

  Mitrokhin, Vasili, 133

  mole hunt: computer databases in investigation, 105–6; interview of Ames, 134–36; interview of key CIA personnel in, 134–36; interview of Moscow personnel in, 106; investigation of KGB officers, 132; Moscow as focus of, 109; non-Ames-related, 184; prioritization of suspects, 129–30; psychological review of suspects, 130–31; theories concerning compromise of sources, 102–3; Vertefeuille role in, 9. See also Ames mole hunt; CIC/Special Investigations Unit

  Monster Plot theory, 21, 31, 34, 56, 64

  Montes, Ana, 167

  MORINE leads, 64

  Morton, Mike, 90

  Moscow CIA office, 18, 50, 118, 168; false volunteers and, 75; as focus of mole hunt, 109; interview of personnel from, 106; inventory of files of, 111; Kulak operation and, 59, 62; operational stand-down of, 59–61; Poleshchuk operation and, 69–70; Polyakov operation and, 27–28, 40, 49; role of, 23; spy dust in tracking personnel of, 93; wire tap operations by, 97

  Moscow City Directorate, 93

  Moscow Task Force, 18, 111

  Motorin, Sergey Mikhaylovich, 87, 89–91, 104, 168, 190

  Mr. K. (CIA), 41–42, 48, 51

  Murat N (CIA), 103

  Murphy, David, 32, 33

  MYRRH, 122

  Nart, Raymond, 80

  National Security Agency, 107

  National Security Letters, 142

  Naval Investigative Service, 109

  NICKNACK, 63

  Nightmover (Wise), 160

  NIGHTMOVER operation, 145, 146–48

  Nolan, James, 56

  North Vietnam, 39

  Nosenko, Yuriy Ivanovich, 22, 56

  NPPD chemical agent, 93

  Ogorodnik, Aleksandr Dmitriyevich, 59, 163–64

  Okhota magazine, 52–53

  Olson, Jim, 127, 129, 130

  O’Neill, Edward, 27

  O’Reilly, John, 129

  Papushin, Sergey, 118, 137

  Paul D (CIA), 16, 41, 42, 47, 53

  Payne, Dan, 101, 106, 113, 121, 128, 138, 142, 146, 148, 153, 154, 159, 171, 189

  PDCLIP, 63

  Peace Corps, 9

  Penkovskiy, Oleg, 23, 75

  Pentagon Papers, 61

  Pepper, Ben, 16, 58, 65, 88, 104–5

  perestroika, 95

  Peterson, Martha, 59, 60

  Piguzov, Vladimir Mikhaylovich, 15, 70–71, 113, 190

  PIMENTA, 88

  Pitts, Earl, 72, 114

  PLAYACTOR operation, 145–46

  Poleshchuk, Leonid Georgiyevich, 14, 17, 180; arrest and execution of, 69; compromise of, 69–70, 98; motivations as volunteer, 65; recruitment of, 64–65

  Polyakov, Dmitriy Fedorovich, 6, 12, 13, 19, 82, 113, 190; Al K as case officer for, 34; characteristics of, 30; CIA recontact plan and, 38–39; communication link with, 37–38, 46–47; communication through Okhota magazine, 52–53; compromise of, 26–27; gifts and remuneration to, 44–45; GRU illegal agents and, 30–31; identification and execution of, 53; intelligence production by, 33; Jim F as case officer for, 28–29, 30; management of by SE Division, 31–32; motivations as volunteer, 42–43; Mr. K as case officer for, 48, 51; New Delhi assignment and, 40, 50–51; Paul D as case officer for, 41, 42, 47; production approach of, 35–36; recruitment by FBI, 27; scope of access of, 35, 43–44; Scotty S as case officer for, 51; as source for The GRU Today, 7; as suspected false defector, 29–30; on Unique communication system, 48–49

  polygraph examinations: of Ames, 122, 126, 136, 138, 170, 186; of CIA personnel, in CIC/SIU investigation, 130; of Fedorenko, 124; of Grimes, 11–12; of Howard, 96; of Lonetree, 111; of Rosario Ames, 171; of Smetanin, 86

  Popov, Petr Semenovich, 6, 31

  Potashov, Vladimir Viktorovich, 114

  Price, Ted, 112–13
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  Project SLAMMER, 131

  Pueblo incident, 43

  RACKETEER program, 108

  Ranalagh, John, 60

  Reagan, Ronald, 92

  Reardon, Ray, 101, 106, 113, 127

  REDCAP notebook, 4

  Redmond, Paul, 17, 18, 19, 84, 100, 101, 110, 114, 121, 127, 128, 129, 130, 133, 142, 153, 159

  Robinson, Don, 147

  Royden, Barry, 103

  Scotty S (CIA), 51

  Secrecy and Democracy: The CIA in Transition (Turner), 60

  Segebarth, Nancy Jane, 162, 164, 166, 167, 180

  Seina, Violetta, 108

  Seliverstov, KGB Resident (Poleshchuk’s boss), 65, 66

  Sellers, Mike, 93, 94, 104

  Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (SSCI), 150, 151

  Shevchenko, Arkadiy Nikolayevich, 164

  Sheymov, Viktor Ivanovich, 15, 78–79

  Shurygin, Igor, 160

  Sites, Erik, 104

  SLAMMER profile, 131

  Smetanin, Gennadiy Aleksandrovich, 86–87, 98

  Smith, Fran, 104, 113, 114, 129

  Smith, I. C., 149

  Soviet and East European (SE) Division: Africa operations of, 17; Ames’ assignment to, 163–64; back room security procedures in, 17, 18–19, 102, 116–17; compromise of Soviet assets of, 17, 18, 19, 95–99; deemphasis of KGB target by, 132–33, 175; false defector theory and, 22; naming of, 25; organizational structure, 20, 166; role of, 100; translators/transcribers in, 124–25. See also Counterintelligence/Special Task Force

  Soviet and East European Biographics Branch, 6

  Soviet and East European Counterintelligence Group, 7, 100

  Soviet and East European Czechoslovak Operations Branch, 174

  Soviet and East European External Operations for Africa, 17

  Soviet and East European External Operations Group, 174

  Soviet and East European Production Branch, 7, 18

  Soviet and East European Reports Group, 129

  Soviet Bloc Division, 12, 20, 25

  Soviet defectors and volunteers: blackmail of, 90; double agents and, 55; false defectors, 21–22, 29–30, 75; illegal agents, 24, 91; Monster Plot theory concerning, 21, 31, 34, 56, 64; Polyakov’s motivations as, 42–43; recruitment of, 22–23; studies on approaches to, 24–25. See also individuals by name

  Soviet Embassy, 141

  Soviet Institute of the United States and Canada (IUSAC), 114, 122

  Soviet Military Industrial Commission (VPK), 44, 50, 81–82

  Soviet Military-Diplomatic Academy, 49

  Soviet Union: assassination attempt on pope and, 7–8; general amnesty in, 72; support for terrorism by, 8

 

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